calculator.py

class AdvancedCalculator:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def add (self, num1, num2):
        return num1 + num2
    
    def subtract(self, num1, num2):
        return num1 - num2
    
    def multiply(self, num1, num2):
        return num1 * num2
    
    def divide(self, num1, num2):
        if num2 == 0:
            return "Error: Cannot divide by zero. Please try again."
        
        return num1 / num2
    
    def truncate_n(self, x, n=7):
        power = self.find_power(10, n)
        num = x * power
        num = self.my_round(num)

        num /= power

        return num

    def my_round(self, x):
        int_part = int(x)
        frac_part = x - int_part

        if frac_part >= 0.5:
            return int_part + 1
        else:
            return int_part
        


    def find_square_root(self, n):
        """
        Find the square root of a non-negative number $n$.
        """

        x = n
        y = 1
        e = 1e-16
        helper = 0

        while ((x-y) > e):
            x = (x+y)/2
            y = n / x
            if helper == (x-y):
                break
            else:
                helper = (x-y)
        return x

    def find_factorial(self, n):
        # To calculate 36525! set sys.set_int_max_str_digits(150,789)
        res = 1
        if n == 1 or n == 0:
            return 1
        
        for i in range(1, n+1):
            res = res * i
        
        return res
    
    def find_power(self, base, exponent) -> float:
        res: float = 1.0

        # Zero exponent
        if exponent == 0:
            return 1.0

        # Handle negative exponents
        if exponent < 0:
            return 1 / self.find_power(base, -exponent)
        

        int_part = int(exponent)
        frac_part = exponent - int_part

        # int exponent
        for _ in range(int_part):
            res *= base

        # fractional exponent
        if frac_part > 0:
            current = base
            power = 1.0

            frac = frac_part
            k = 1

            while frac > 1e-10:
                # print("before", current)
                current = self.find_square_root(current)
                # print("after",  current)
                twoK = self.find_n_th_root(2, k)
                if frac >= 1 / twoK:
                    power *= current
                    frac -= 1 / twoK
                k += 1
            
            
            
            res *= power
        
        return res
    
    def calculate_simple_interest(self, principal, rate, time):
        SI = (principal * rate * time) / 100

        return SI

    def calculate_compound_interest(self, principal, rate, time, periods):
        r = rate / 100
        A = principal * self.find_power(1+(r/periods), (periods * time))
        CI = A - principal

        return CI 
    
    def find_n_th_root(self, x, n):
        """
        Newton-Raphson Method
        """
        x0 = 3
        a = x

        i= 0

        while True:
            xn = (((n - 1) * x0) + (a/self.find_power(x0, n-1)))/n

            if self.truncate_n(xn) == self.truncate_n(x0) or i > 20:
                break

            x0 = xn
            i += 1
        
        return x0

    def compute_log_base_a_of_b(self, a, b) -> float:
        res = 1.0
        exponent = 0.0

        power = [a, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64, 1/128, 1/256]

        for i in range(len(power)):
            if i == 0:
                p = a
            else:
                # print("else", i, power[i])
                p = self.find_power(a, power[i])
            while res * p < b:
                exponent += p
                res = res * p
                # print(power[i], res)
        
        return exponent

    def calculate_sine(self, degrees):
        """Taylor Series method"""
        pi = 3.14 
        res = 0

        # convert degrees to radians
        rad = degrees * pi/180

        # Maclaurin Series Formula for sin(x)
        for k in range(10):
            res += self.find_power(-1, k) * self.find_power(rad, 2*k+1) / self.find_factorial(2*k+1)
        
        return res


    def start(self):
        print("Welcome to the Advanced Calculator!")

        while True:
            print("Please select an operation:")
            print("1: Add\n2: Subtract\n3: Multiply\n4: Divide\n5: Square root\n6: Factorial\n7: Power\n8: Simple Interest\n" \
            "9: Compound Interest\n10: n_th Root\n11: log base a of b\n12: Sine\n13: Exit")
            ch = int(input("Enter choice (1-13): "))
            
            match ch:
                case 1:
                    num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
                    num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
                    res = self.add(num1, num2)
                    print(f"Result: {num1} + {num2} = {res}")
                case 2:
                    num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
                    num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
                    res = self.subtract(num1, num2)
                    print(f"Result: {num1} - {num2} = {res}")
                case 3:
                    num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
                    num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
                    res = self.multiply(num1, num2)
                    print(f"Result: {num1} * {num2} = {res}")
                case 4:
                    num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
                    num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
                    res = self.divide(num1, num2)
                    print(f"Result: {num1} / {num2} = {res}")
                case 5:
                    n = float(input("Enter a number: "))
                    res = self.find_square_root(n)
                    print(f"square root of {n} is {res}")
                case 6:
                    n = int(input("Enter a number: "))
                    res = self.find_factorial(n)
                    print(f"Factorial of {n} is {res}")
                case 7:
                    base = float(input("enter the base: "))
                    exponent = float(input("enter exponent: "))
                    res = self.find_power(base, exponent)
                    print(f"The result of {base} ^ {exponent}: {res} ")
                case 8:
                    principal = float(input("enter principal: "))
                    rate = float(input("enter rate: "))
                    time = float(input("enter time: "))
                    res = self.calculate_simple_interest()
                    print(f"The simple interest is: {res}")
                case 9: 
                    principal = float(input("enter principal: "))
                    rate = float(input("enter rate: "))
                    time = float(input("enter time: "))
                    period = float(input("enter period: "))
                    res = self.calculate_compound_interest(principal, rate, time, period)
                    print(f"The compoud interest is: {res}")
                case 10:
                    x = float(input("enter a value: "))
                    n = float(input("enter n: "))
                    res = self.find_n_th_root(x, n)
                    print(f"result is: {res}")
                case 11:
                    a = float(input("Enter base: "))
                    b = float(input("Enter value: "))
                    res = self.compute_log_base_a_of_b(a, b)
                    print(f"log base {a} of {b} = {res}")
                case 12:
                    d = float(input("Enter degree: "))
                    res = self.calculate_sine(d)
                    print(f"sin of degree {d} is {res}")
                case 13:
                    break
                case _:
                    print("Enter a valid option")
            
            print("__________________________\n\n")

calculator = AdvancedCalculator()
calculator.start()