From 25fc4f14ede9ba42510f1df349e1d4cb43bdd304 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "copilot-swe-agent[bot]" <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:52:02 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Initial plan From c20c25cca95ec3b0984f7e276d7bd1101de73be9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "copilot-swe-agent[bot]" <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:55:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Add comprehensive blast radius report for Alberto Polak Co-authored-by: GuoyuHao <9014236+GuoyuHao@users.noreply.github.com> --- alberto-polak-blast-radius-report.md | 221 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 221 insertions(+) create mode 100644 alberto-polak-blast-radius-report.md diff --git a/alberto-polak-blast-radius-report.md b/alberto-polak-blast-radius-report.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ff6276 --- /dev/null +++ b/alberto-polak-blast-radius-report.md @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ +# Blast Radius Report: Alberto Polak + +## Executive Summary + +This report analyzes the blast radius of **Alberto Polak**, identifying all entities that could be impacted if this user account is compromised. The analysis reveals that Alberto Polak has direct permissions to **33 Azure Key Vaults** across multiple resource groups, representing a significant security exposure. + +**Key Findings:** +- **Total Entities at Risk:** 33 Azure Key Vaults +- **Path Distance:** All entities are directly accessible (1-hop) +- **Edge Type:** "has permissions to" for all resources +- **Known Vulnerabilities:** None detected across all entities +- **Criticality Score:** 0 (baseline) for all entities + +--- + +## Risk Classification Methodology + +Entities are ranked based on the following risk factors: +1. **Production Environment Indicators** - Resources with "prod" naming +2. **Critical Workload Indicators** - Services like AI, MDC (Microsoft Defender for Cloud), Sentinel +3. **Firewall & Security Infrastructure** - Resources with "fw-cert" or security-related naming +4. **Core Identity & Authentication** - Resources related to identity management +5. **General Production Resources** - Other production or sensitive workloads +6. **Development & Testing Resources** - Lower-risk dev/test environments + +--- + +## Entities Ranked by Risk Level + +### 🔴 CRITICAL RISK (Tier 1) + +These entities represent the highest risk due to production environment designation or critical security infrastructure. + +| Rank | Entity Name | Resource Type | Resource Group | Risk Factors | +|------|------------|---------------|----------------|--------------| +| 1 | wg-prod | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | wg-prod-deployments | Production environment, deployment-related | +| 2 | sentineldemos | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Microsoft Sentinel security operations | +| 3 | wg-entra-tls-inspection | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Entra ID TLS inspection, identity security | +| 4 | fw-cert-kv-eodl1fmPodQrU | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Firewall certificate management | +| 5 | fw-cert-kv-4FYAYX0P5xO3H | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Firewall certificate management | +| 6 | fw-cert-kv-7Ar5j8JJkPbB1 | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Firewall certificate management | + +**Risk Assessment:** Compromise could lead to: +- Production service disruption +- Security infrastructure bypass +- TLS/certificate compromise affecting encrypted communications +- Identity system vulnerabilities + +--- + +### 🟠 HIGH RISK (Tier 2) + +These entities support critical workloads including AI, cloud security, and core identity services. + +| Rank | Entity Name | Resource Type | Resource Group | Risk Factors | +|------|------------|---------------|----------------|--------------| +| 7 | CoreId-kv-c2gq | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | coreid-rg-0x2y | Core identity services | +| 8 | kv-aoaihub265060096545 | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-ai | Azure OpenAI Hub, AI workloads | +| 9 | kv-wgaihub098811020122 | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | wg-ai-hub | AI Hub services | +| 10 | woodgrove-MDC-Vault | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-rg | Microsoft Defender for Cloud | +| 11 | woodgrove-MDC-Vault-Demo | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-rg | Microsoft Defender for Cloud Demo | +| 12 | kv-woodgrove-demo-pken | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-rg | Microsoft Defender for Cloud Demo | +| 13 | arcboxksswlrmzv52lg | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-rg | Azure Arc security workloads | +| 14 | arcbox5cmre4mg2r2vw | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-mdc-arc | Azure Arc security workloads | +| 15 | kv-mdcagentvxbnu | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | rg-mdcagent | MDC Agent infrastructure | + +**Risk Assessment:** Compromise could lead to: +- AI service disruption or data exposure +- Cloud security monitoring bypass +- Identity and access management vulnerabilities +- Hybrid cloud (Arc) security gaps + +--- + +### 🟡 MEDIUM RISK (Tier 3) + +These entities support important business functions and automation. + +| Rank | Entity Name | Resource Type | Resource Group | Risk Factors | +|------|------------|---------------|----------------|--------------| +| 16 | WoodgroveAutomationKV | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-userprovisioning-rg | User provisioning automation | +| 17 | DesiredStateManagementKV | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | ztenv01desiredstate | Zero Trust desired state management | +| 18 | payroll01 | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-sentinelgraph | Payroll system (sensitive PII) | +| 19 | woodgrove-ksi-keyvault | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Key Security Infrastructure | +| 20 | wg-verifiedemployee | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgroveverifiedemployee | Verified employee credentials | +| 21 | wgyubipreregkv | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgroveyubicopoc | YubiKey pre-registration PoC | +| 22 | ModernWork-kv-xa1e | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | modernwork-rg-0x2y | Modern Work solutions | +| 23 | HubVNet-kv-l3sp | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | hubvnet-rg-0x2y | Hub virtual network infrastructure | +| 24 | parkcitySAP-KV | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-alpine | SAP integration | +| 25 | VmsParkcity | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-alpine | VM management | + +**Risk Assessment:** Compromise could lead to: +- Unauthorized user provisioning +- Payroll data exposure (PII/financial data) +- Authentication infrastructure compromise +- Business application disruption + +--- + +### 🟢 MODERATE RISK (Tier 4) + +These entities support testing, validation, and development activities. + +| Rank | Entity Name | Resource Type | Resource Group | Risk Factors | +|------|------------|---------------|----------------|--------------| +| 26 | kv-zavaprivatey2c2v | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | rg-mdcagent-validation | MDC Agent validation/testing | +| 27 | kv-ignite-adatum | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | ignite-woodgroove | Conference/demo environment | +| 28 | mdtiworkbookm5xeucozid | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | MDTI workbook resources | +| 29 | DCEDCRKeyVault | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Data Collection Endpoint/Rules | +| 30 | woodgrove-dev-kv | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Development environment | +| 31 | MyKeyVault12 | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | Generic key vault | +| 32 | myTLSKeyVault | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | woodgrove-rg | TLS certificate testing | +| 33 | myaccountlinkedin | microsoft.keyvault/vaults | appsvc_linux_centralus_basic | Application service testing | + +**Risk Assessment:** Compromise could lead to: +- Development/test environment disruption +- Demo environment compromise (limited production impact) +- Testing infrastructure exposure + +--- + +## Blast Radius Analysis + +### Attack Path Visualization + +``` +Alberto Polak (User) + │ + ├─[has permissions to]─> wg-prod (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> sentineldemos (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> wg-entra-tls-inspection (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> fw-cert-kv-eodl1fmPodQrU (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> fw-cert-kv-4FYAYX0P5xO3H (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> fw-cert-kv-7Ar5j8JJkPbB1 (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> CoreId-kv-c2gq (Key Vault) + ├─[has permissions to]─> kv-aoaihub265060096545 (Key Vault) + └─[has permissions to]─> ... (25 more Key Vaults) +``` + +### Impact Scope + +- **Subscription:** ab48f397-fc82-4634-aa52-62dd91b3ebaa +- **Resource Groups Affected:** 16 unique resource groups +- **Total Resources at Risk:** 33 Azure Key Vaults +- **Lateral Movement Risk:** Direct access to all resources (no chaining required) + +--- + +## Security Recommendations + +### Immediate Actions (Priority 1) + +1. **Review and Audit Permissions** + - Conduct immediate audit of Alberto Polak's access requirements + - Remove permissions to Key Vaults not required for current role + - Implement least privilege access model + +2. **Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)** + - Enforce MFA for this high-privilege account + - Consider implementing phishing-resistant MFA (FIDO2/Windows Hello) + +3. **Implement Conditional Access** + - Restrict access to trusted devices only + - Implement location-based access policies + - Require compliant device state + +### Short-term Actions (Priority 2) + +4. **Segregate Production and Non-Production Access** + - Create separate accounts for production vs. development access + - Implement Just-In-Time (JIT) access for production Key Vaults + - Use Azure PIM (Privileged Identity Management) for elevation + +5. **Enhanced Monitoring** + - Enable Azure Key Vault logging for all accessed vaults + - Configure alerts for unusual access patterns + - Implement Microsoft Sentinel detection rules for this account + +6. **Break Glass Account Review** + - If this is a break-glass account, ensure proper controls are in place + - Rotate credentials regularly + - Implement secure credential storage + +### Long-term Actions (Priority 3) + +7. **Implement Service Principals** + - Migrate automation tasks to service principals with limited scope + - Reduce dependency on user accounts for system operations + +8. **Regular Access Reviews** + - Implement quarterly access certification process + - Automated deprovisioning for unused permissions + - Track permission usage analytics + +9. **Zero Trust Architecture** + - Implement continuous verification for all access requests + - Move towards workload identity federation where possible + - Implement network microsegmentation + +--- + +## Conclusion + +Alberto Polak represents a **significant security risk** with direct permissions to 33 Azure Key Vaults spanning production, security infrastructure, AI services, and identity management systems. The broad scope of access creates a large blast radius where a single compromised credential could impact: + +- Production services and deployments +- Security monitoring and defense systems +- Identity and authentication infrastructure +- AI and modern workplace applications +- Financial and HR systems (payroll) + +**Risk Score:** HIGH - Immediate attention required + +The principle of least privilege should be applied urgently to reduce this blast radius. Consider implementing role-based access control (RBAC), Just-In-Time access, and proper segregation between production and non-production environments. + +--- + +**Report Generated:** 2025-12-10 +**Analysis Tool:** Microsoft Security Graph - Blast Radius Query +**Subscription ID:** ab48f397-fc82-4634-aa52-62dd91b3ebaa +**Total Entities Analyzed:** 33