Drop support for C++17 #1949

Job	Run time
Check src clang-format conformance	28s
Check codespell conformance	8s
Check Docker image (Debug)	1m 39s
Check Docker image (Release)	2m 15s
Check tests clang-format conformance	14s
Build Debug with g++-12	1m 3s
Build Debug with g++-11	49s
Build Debug with clang-14	1m 4s
Build Debug with g++-13	1m 3s
Build Debug with clang-13	1m 4s
Build Debug with clang-15	1m 3s
Build Debug with g++-10	1s
Build Debug with clang-17	54s
Build Debug with clang-18	56s
Build Debug with clang-16	49s
Build Release with g++-10	1m 4s
Build Release with g++-13	1m 3s
Build Release with clang-13	1m 4s
Build Release with clang-14	1s
Build Release with g++-12	1m 3s
Build Release with g++-11	1m 4s
Build Release with clang-15	1m 4s
Build Release with clang-18	1m 3s
Build Release with clang-16	52s
Build Release with clang-17	31s
Codecov report upload	-1s
	22m 18s

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