Form1.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.IO;


namespace Serial
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        SerialPort serialPort1 = null;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

        }

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 初始化窗体
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) //加载界面程序
        {
            try
            {
                string[] str = SerialPort.GetPortNames();   //获取连接到电脑的串口号并存进数组
                comboBox_PortNames.Items.Clear();           //清除串口号下拉框的内容
                comboBox_PortNames.Items.AddRange(str);     //将串口号添加到下拉框

                if (str.Length > 0)
                {
                    comboBox_PortNames.SelectedIndex = 0;   //设置ComboBox框的初始值
                    comboBox_BaudRate.SelectedIndex = 7;
                    comboBox_DataBit.SelectedIndex = 3;
                    comboBox_StopBit.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    comboBox_Parity.SelectedIndex = 2;
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("当前无串口连接！");
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("无串口设备!/r/n请检查是否连接设备!/r/n请检查设备驱动!");
            }
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 搜索串口（与初始化函数一样）
        private void button_Serach_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                string[] str = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
                comboBox_PortNames.Items.Clear();
                comboBox_PortNames.Items.AddRange(str);

                if (str.Length > 0)
                {
                    comboBox_PortNames.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    comboBox_BaudRate.SelectedIndex = 7;
                    comboBox_DataBit.SelectedIndex = 3;
                    comboBox_StopBit.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    comboBox_Parity.SelectedIndex = 2;
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("当前无串口连接！");
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("无串口设备!/r/n请检查是否连接设备!/r/n请检查设备驱动!");
            }
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 打开串口
        private void button_OpenOrClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            serialPort1 = new SerialPort();
            if (!serialPort1.IsOpen)
            {
                if (comboBox_PortNames.SelectedItem == null)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("请选择正确的串口", "提示");
                    return;
                }

                //设置串口参数
                serialPort1.PortName = comboBox_PortNames.Text.ToString();  //serialPort1是serialPort组件的Name 
                serialPort1.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(comboBox_BaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());
                serialPort1.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(comboBox_DataBit.SelectedItem.ToString());

                //设置停止位
                if (comboBox_StopBit.Text == "One")
                {
                    serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                }
                else if (comboBox_StopBit.Text == "Two")
                {
                    serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
                }
                else if (comboBox_StopBit.Text == "OnePointFive")
                {
                    serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
                }
                else if (comboBox_StopBit.Text == "None")
                {
                    serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.None;
                }

                //设置奇偶校验位
                if (comboBox_Parity.Text == "Odd")
                {
                    serialPort1.Parity = Parity.Odd;
                }
                else if (comboBox_Parity.Text == "Even")
                {
                    serialPort1.Parity = Parity.Even;
                }
                else if (comboBox_Parity.Text == "None")
                {
                    serialPort1.Parity = Parity.None;
                }

                try
                {
                    //禁止操作组件
                    comboBox_PortNames.Enabled = false;
                    comboBox_BaudRate.Enabled = false;
                    comboBox_DataBit.Enabled = false;
                    comboBox_StopBit.Enabled = false;
                    comboBox_Parity.Enabled = false;
                    button_Search.Enabled = false;

                    serialPort1.Open(); //设置完参数后打开串口
                    button_OpenOrClose.Text = "Close";  //更改Open按钮文本内容
                }
                catch
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("串口打开失败！");
                }


                serialPort1.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(SerialDataReceive);  //打开串口后绑定数据接收
            }
            else if (button_OpenOrClose.Text == "Close")
            {
                try
                {
                    //允许操作组件
                    comboBox_PortNames.Enabled = true;
                    comboBox_BaudRate.Enabled = true;
                    comboBox_DataBit.Enabled = true;
                    comboBox_StopBit.Enabled = true;
                    comboBox_Parity.Enabled = true;
                    button_Search.Enabled = true;


                    serialPort1.DiscardInBuffer();  //清除缓冲区的数据

                    serialPort1.Close();
                    button_OpenOrClose.Text = "Open";   //更改Close按钮文本内容
                }
                catch
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("串口打开失败！");
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 接收串口数据
        /*
        开辟缓存区 根据具体协议内容获取一帧数据进行接收中断处理
         */
        //变量
        List<byte> sp_buffer = new List<byte>(4096);    //串口缓存区
        int sp_buffer_max = 4096;   //串口缓存区最大缓存字节数

        private void SerialDataReceive(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (serialPort1.IsOpen == false)
            {
                serialPort1.Close();
                return;
            }


            int Byte_len = serialPort1.BytesToRead; //读取缓存的数据长度
            byte[] Rc_byte = new byte[Byte_len];

            serialPort1.Read(Rc_byte, 0, Byte_len);   //将缓存数据存储进字节数组里面

            if (sp_buffer.Count > sp_buffer_max)    //缓存超过字节数 先丢弃前面的字节  
                sp_buffer.RemoveRange(0, sp_buffer_max); //丢弃前面的字节0到sp_buffer_max

            sp_buffer.AddRange(Rc_byte);    //存入缓存区

            byte[] ruffer = new byte[9192]; //用来存放缓冲区的数据流

            //对数据流进行筛选，缓冲区每一组数据个数大于4则为我们想要的数据流
            if (sp_buffer.Count > 4)
            {
                sp_buffer.CopyTo(0, ruffer, 0, sp_buffer.Count);
                Task.Run(() => printf_data(ruffer, sp_buffer.Count, 1));  //打印数据流
            }
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 打印数据流
        void printf_data(byte[] Frame, int Length, int T_R)   //打印串口数据
        {
            Int16 i_len;
            StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();

            if (T_R == 0)
                s.Append("发送：");
            else
                s.Append("接收：");

            for (i_len = 0; i_len < Length; i_len++)       //打印字符串
            {
                s.Append(Frame[i_len].ToString("X2"));
                s.Append(" ");
            }

            s.Append("[" + DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss fff") + "]");
            s.Append("\r\n");

            string str_show = s.ToString();
            MethodInvoker mi = new MethodInvoker(() =>
            {
                if (richTextBox_Receive.Lines.Count() > 20)
                    richTextBox_Receive.Clear();
                richTextBox_Receive.AppendText(str_show);
            });
            BeginInvoke(mi);
            /*
            textBox_com_data.Focus(); //获取焦点
            textBox_com_data.Select(textBox_com_data.TextLength, 0);//光标
            textBox_com_data.ScrollToCaret(); //滚动条*/
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 发送数据
        private void button_Send_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
            {
                string[] sendbuff = richTextBox_Send.Text.Split();  //分割输入的字符串，判断有多少个字节需要发送
                int Buff_Len = sendbuff.Length;
                byte[] buff = new byte[Buff_Len];

                for (int i = 0; i < sendbuff.Length; i++)
                {
                    buff[i] = byte.Parse(sendbuff[i], System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber); //格式化字符串为十六进制数值
                }

                try
                {
                    serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, buff.Length);    //写数据
                    Task.Run(() => printf_data(buff, Buff_Len, 0));
                }
                catch
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("发送失败！！");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口未打开！");
            }

        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/

        /**************************************************************************/
        #region 清除输出框
        private void Clear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            richTextBox_Receive.Clear();     //清除数据接收框数据
        }
        #endregion
        /**************************************************************************/
    }
}