Linux/vim-notes at master · NazimLeulmi/Linux · GitHub

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terminologyAuthor: Nazim Leulmi , EKA Ryan
Course: Vim Master Class
Prof: Jason Cannon

~=> Module #0 ~ Vim Quick Start <=~

   1. The concept of modes :-

   ~ Normal-mode :-
            ~> You are in this mode by default.
            ~> This is also known as the command mode.
            ~> Case sensetive commands.

   ~ Insert-mode :-
            ~> Access this mode by pressing "i".
            ~> Leave the mode by pressing "ESC" or escape.
            ~> The text you write is inserted into the buffer.

   ~ Cmdline-mode :-
            ~> Issue/Execute commands by pressing ":".
            ~> Execute pattern search commands by pressing "?"|"/".
            ~> Execute the filter command by pressing "!"
            ~> Abondon the command by pressing "ESC".

  - Some other variations of the main modes


   2. Basic cmdline commands :-

      :q!    ~> Quit without saving.
      :wq    ~> Write changes & quit.
      "!"    ~> Ignore everything and force execute the command.
      "."    ~> Repeat the previous command.

~=> Module #1 ~ Vim Essentials <=~

   1. Essential navigation commands

      "k"   ~> Move up a line | up arrow.
      "l"   ~> Move one letter to the right | right arrow.
      "h"   ~> Move one letter to the left | left arrow.
      "w"   ~> Move one word to the right including punctuation.
      "W"   ~> Move one word to the right ignoring punctuation.
      "b"   ~> Move one word to the left including punctuation.
      "B"   ~> Move one word to the left ignoring punctuation.
      "0"   ~> Move to the beginning of the line.
      "$"   ~> Move to the end of the line.
     n"gg"  ~> Move to the (n)'th line | it defaults to the first line.
     n"G"   ~> Move to the (n)'th line | it defaults to the last line.
     ctrl-f ~> Page down | forward.
     ctrl-b ~> Page up | backward.


   2. Deleting commands & thinking in vim :-

      "X"   ~> Delete a char before the cursor position.
      "x"   ~> Delete a char at the cursor position.
      "dd"  ~> Delete the whole line.

      - Pattern : operation{motion}

      "dw"  ~> Delete a word on the left of the cursor .
      "db"  ~> Delete a word on the right left of the cursor .

      - Pattern : {count}operation{motion}

      n"w"  ~> Move (n) words to the right.
      n"dw" ~> Delete (n) words on the right of the cursor.
      n"dd" ~> Delete (n) lines.

      - Pattern : {count}operation{count}{motion}

      "d3w" ~> Delete 3 words on the right of the cursor.
            ~> this is equal to 3dw.
      "2d3w"~> Delete 3 words on the right twice.
            ~> this is equal to 6dw.


   3. Accessing the vim manual eka help system :-

      ":h|:help"
            ~> Open the vim manual in read-only mode.
      ":h :command"
            ~> Open the manual and look for a specific command.
      "Ctrl-d"
            ~> Show all auto-completion choices.
      "tab"
            ~> Loop through the auto-completion choices.
      "Ctrl-ww"
            ~> Switch the cursor between the manual and your file.

   4. Deleting Yanking and Putting :-

   ~ Vim terminology :-
      - Delete ~> Cut
      - Put    ~> Paste
      - Yank   ~> Copy
      - Register ~> Clipboard like storage used to store and retrieve text.

   ~ There are 3 types of registers in vim :-
      - Unnamed ("")
      - Contains text from the most recent yank/delete operation .
      - Known also as the default register because it covers most of the use cases.
      - Numbered ("1 - "9)
         - Register "0 contains text from the most recent yank operation.
         - Register "1 contains text from the most recent delete/change operation.
         - With each delete/yank operation vim shifts the text through the register.
      - Named ("a - "z)
            ~> Full control on what goes on in each named register.
            ~> Append to a register using an upper case letter of the same register.

      ~ Examples :-

      dd,d & x
          ~> Delete the text and save it in "" unnamed & "1 numbered  register.

      dw  ~> Delete a word on the right of the cursor and save it in "" unnamed & "1 numbered reg.
      p   ~> Put the word on the right of the cursor.
      P   ~> Put the word on the left of the cursor.
      yy  ~> Yank the whole line.
      p   ~> Put the whole line below the cursor.
      P   ~> Put the whole line above  the cursor.

      ~ Vim [count]motion patterns work with yanking, putting and deleting.

      "3yy" ~> Yank 3 lines.     "4yw" ~> Yank 4 words.
      "5dd" ~> Delete 5 lines.   "6dw" ~> Delete 6 words.

   6. Text Objects & Macros :-

   - Text Objects are used after an operation/operator.
      - Pattern : {operator}{a|i}{object}
         ~ "daw"   ~> Delete a word & the white space after it.
         ~ "ciw"   ~> Change inner word leaving the delimiter which is a space.
         ~ "das"   ~> Delete a whole sentence including the delimiter.