diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 4a54b80..92c3b1b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,6 +31,14 @@ console.log(ast.type); // "File"
 console.log(ast.program.body.length); // 2 — ImportDeclaration + ClassDeclaration
 ```
 
+Script syntax errors do not throw. oxc-parser reports them on `ast.errors`, and on an unrecoverable error it returns an empty `program.body`; check `ast.errors` to tell that apart from an empty file.
+
+```js
+let ast = toTree(`let planets = []);`);
+ast.program.body.length; // 0
+ast.errors.length; // 1
+```
+
 `parse` is a lower-level alternative that returns the `Program` node directly.
 
 ```js
diff --git a/src/index.d.ts b/src/index.d.ts
index f5e62f8..31961f5 100644
--- a/src/index.d.ts
+++ b/src/index.d.ts
@@ -10,10 +10,22 @@ export interface ASTNode {
   [key: string]: unknown;
 }
 
+export interface ParseError {
+  message: string;
+  severity?: string;
+  [key: string]: unknown;
+}
+
 export interface FileNode extends ASTNode {
   type: "File";
   program: ASTNode;
   comments: ASTNode[];
+  /**
+   * Diagnostics from the JS/TS parser (oxc-parser on the default path). On an
+   * unrecoverable script error oxc returns an empty `program.body`; check
+   * this to tell that apart from an empty file.
+   */
+  errors: ParseError[];
 }
 
 export interface TemplateResult {
diff --git a/src/parse.js b/src/parse.js
index 4ce476c..312d5e1 100644
--- a/src/parse.js
+++ b/src/parse.js
@@ -115,6 +115,10 @@ export function toTree(source, options = {}) {
         type: "File",
         program: oxcResult.program,
         comments: oxcResult.comments || [],
+        // oxc's diagnostics for the script. On an unrecoverable error oxc
+        // returns an empty `program.body`; this is how callers tell that apart
+        // from an empty file.
+        errors: oxcResult.errors || [],
         start: oxcResult.program.start,
         end: oxcResult.program.end,
       },
diff --git a/tests/toTree-options.test.js b/tests/toTree-options.test.js
index cbaa24a..bd362d6 100644
--- a/tests/toTree-options.test.js
+++ b/tests/toTree-options.test.js
@@ -76,6 +76,22 @@ describe("glimmerVisitorKeys", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("toTree — script errors", () => {
+  it("reports oxc diagnostics on ast.errors", () => {
+    const ast = toTree("let planets = []);\nconst a = <template>hi</template>;\n");
+    expect(ast.errors.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect(ast.errors[0].message).toMatch(/semicolon/i);
+    // oxc gives up on the whole program for this one.
+    expect(ast.program.body).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("has no errors for a valid file", () => {
+    const ast = toTree("const a = <template>hi</template>;\n");
+    expect(ast.errors).toEqual([]);
+    expect(ast.program.body).toHaveLength(1);
+  });
+});
+
 describe("toTree — error handling", () => {
   it("throws on invalid JS with a content-tag parse error", () => {
     expect(() => toTree("console.log('unterminated")).toThrow();