diff --git a/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.test.ts b/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f5cbd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+const mocks = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  createRemoteJWKSet: vi.fn(() => "jwks-set"),
+  jwtVerify: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock("jose", () => ({
+  createRemoteJWKSet: mocks.createRemoteJWKSet,
+  jwtVerify: mocks.jwtVerify,
+}));
+
+import {
+  readServiceJwtUserId,
+  SERVICE_JWT_REFRESH_CLOCK_TOLERANCE_SECONDS,
+  verifyServiceJwtForRefresh,
+} from "@/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh";
+
+describe("readServiceJwtUserId", () => {
+  it("reads the Dashboard service JWT user id claim", () => {
+    expect(readServiceJwtUserId({ id: "user_1" })).toBe("user_1");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects empty or missing ids", () => {
+    expect(readServiceJwtUserId({})).toBeNull();
+    expect(readServiceJwtUserId({ id: "" })).toBeNull();
+    expect(readServiceJwtUserId({ id: 12 })).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("verifyServiceJwtForRefresh", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    mocks.createRemoteJWKSet.mockClear();
+    mocks.jwtVerify.mockReset();
+    mocks.createRemoteJWKSet.mockReturnValue("jwks-set");
+  });
+
+  it("verifies with a seven-day clock tolerance and returns the user id", async () => {
+    mocks.jwtVerify.mockResolvedValue({ payload: { id: "user_1" } });
+
+    await expect(
+      verifyServiceJwtForRefresh("expired.jwt", "https://dashboard.example/api/auth/jwks")
+    ).resolves.toBe("user_1");
+
+    expect(mocks.createRemoteJWKSet).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      new URL("https://dashboard.example/api/auth/jwks")
+    );
+    expect(mocks.jwtVerify).toHaveBeenCalledWith("expired.jwt", "jwks-set", {
+      clockTolerance: SERVICE_JWT_REFRESH_CLOCK_TOLERANCE_SECONDS,
+    });
+    expect(SERVICE_JWT_REFRESH_CLOCK_TOLERANCE_SECONDS).toBe(7 * 24 * 60 * 60);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects tokens whose payload has no user id", async () => {
+    mocks.jwtVerify.mockResolvedValue({ payload: { sub: "user_1" } });
+
+    await expect(
+      verifyServiceJwtForRefresh("expired.jwt", "https://dashboard.example/api/auth/jwks")
+    ).rejects.toThrow("Service JWT is missing a user id.");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.ts b/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5730a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { createRemoteJWKSet, type JWTPayload, jwtVerify } from "jose";
+
+/**
+ * Dashboard service JWTs last one hour. QStash workflows may keep a snapshot
+ * for much longer, so refresh accepts recently expired tokens whose signature
+ * still verifies. Seven days is the outer bound for that replay window.
+ */
+export const SERVICE_JWT_REFRESH_CLOCK_TOLERANCE_SECONDS = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+
+export function readServiceJwtUserId(payload: JWTPayload): string | null {
+  const userId = payload.id;
+  return typeof userId === "string" && userId.length > 0 ? userId : null;
+}
+
+export async function verifyServiceJwtForRefresh(token: string, jwksUrl: string): Promise<string> {
+  const jwks = createRemoteJWKSet(new URL(jwksUrl));
+  const { payload } = await jwtVerify(token, jwks, {
+    clockTolerance: SERVICE_JWT_REFRESH_CLOCK_TOLERANCE_SECONDS,
+  });
+  const userId = readServiceJwtUserId(payload);
+  if (!userId) {
+    throw new Error("Service JWT is missing a user id.");
+  }
+  return userId;
+}
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index bdc6905..1ee02b4 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
     "embla-carousel-react": "^8.6.0",
     "framer-motion": "^12.26.2",
     "input-otp": "^1.4.2",
+    "jose": "^6.1.0",
     "lenis": "^1.3.17",
     "lucide-react": "^0.294.0",
     "next": "^16.1.4",
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index aec4744..c3692dc 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -170,6 +170,9 @@ importers:
       input-otp:
         specifier: ^1.4.2
         version: 1.4.2(react-dom@19.2.3(react@19.2.3))(react@19.2.3)
+      jose:
+        specifier: ^6.1.0
+        version: 6.1.3
       lenis:
         specifier: ^1.3.17
         version: 1.3.17(react@19.2.3)
diff --git a/server/routers/index.ts b/server/routers/index.ts
index bf35db1..60d6df2 100644
--- a/server/routers/index.ts
+++ b/server/routers/index.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { base } from "@server/context";
 import { apiKeysRouter } from "@server/routers/api-keys";
 import { creditsRouter } from "@server/routers/credits";
 import { jobsRouter } from "@server/routers/jobs";
+import { knowhereServiceJwtRouter } from "@server/routers/knowhere-service-jwt";
 import { newsletterRouter } from "@server/routers/newsletter";
 import { subscriptionsRouter } from "@server/routers/subscriptions";
 import { usageRouter } from "@server/routers/usage";
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import { webhookSecretsRouter } from "@server/routers/webhook-secrets";
 export const appRouter = base.router({
   apiKeys: apiKeysRouter,
   users: usersRouter,
+  knowhereServiceJwt: knowhereServiceJwtRouter,
   credits: creditsRouter,
   subscriptions: subscriptionsRouter,
   newsletter: newsletterRouter,
diff --git a/server/routers/knowhere-service-jwt.ts b/server/routers/knowhere-service-jwt.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d1536f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/routers/knowhere-service-jwt.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { env } from "@lib/env";
+import { ORPCError } from "@orpc/server";
+import {
+  issueKnowhereServiceJwt,
+  KNOWHERE_SERVICE_JWT_EXPIRY_SECONDS,
+} from "@server/knowhere-service-jwt";
+import { publicProcedure } from "@server/orpc";
+import { z } from "zod";
+import { verifyServiceJwtForRefresh } from "@/lib/knowhere-service-jwt-refresh";
+
+export const knowhereServiceJwtRouter = publicProcedure.router({
+  /**
+   * Re-issue a one-hour Knowhere service JWT from a still-signed snapshot.
+   *
+   * Notebook QStash workflows cannot send the Dashboard session cookie, so they
+   * POST the stored JWT here when it is near expiry. Signature is required;
+   * expiration may be up to seven days in the past.
+   */
+  refresh: publicProcedure
+    .input(z.object({ token: z.string().min(1) }))
+    .handler(async ({ input }) => {
+      let userId: string;
+      try {
+        userId = await verifyServiceJwtForRefresh(
+          input.token,
+          `${env.BETTER_AUTH_URL}/api/auth/jwks`
+        );
+      } catch {
+        throw new ORPCError("UNAUTHORIZED", {
+          status: 401,
+          message: "Authentication required",
+        });
+      }
+
+      return {
+        token: await issueKnowhereServiceJwt(userId),
+        expiresInSeconds: KNOWHERE_SERVICE_JWT_EXPIRY_SECONDS,
+      };
+    }),
+});
diff --git a/server/routers/users.ts b/server/routers/users.ts
index 2a9c523..3ad250b 100644
--- a/server/routers/users.ts
+++ b/server/routers/users.ts
@@ -533,8 +533,9 @@ export const usersRouter = protectedProcedure.router({
    * No persistent Knowhere API key is created, stored, or returned.
    *
    * The Dashboard session cookie already authenticates the caller, so
-   * the JWT stays short-lived. If a relying app needs a fresh token
-   * later, it calls this endpoint again with the still-valid session.
+   * the JWT stays short-lived. Interactive callers refresh by calling this
+   * endpoint again with the still-valid session. Background workflows
+   * without a session cookie use `knowhereServiceJwt.refresh`.
    */
   issueServiceJwt: protectedProcedure.handler(async ({ context }) => {
     return {