diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 6020f8e..9ca9cc2 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -20,9 +20,19 @@ if(MSVC)
 endif()
 
 if(MSVC)
-  set(SOURCES include/fmt/format.cpp include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp include/getopt-win/getopt.c src/superfamiconv.cpp src/sfc_palette.cpp src/sfc_tiles.cpp src/sfc_map.cpp src/Image.cpp src/Map.cpp src/Palette.cpp src/Tiles.cpp)
+  set(SOURCES include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp include/getopt-win/getopt.c src/superfamiconv.cpp src/sfc_palette.cpp src/sfc_tiles.cpp src/sfc_map.cpp src/Image.cpp src/Map.cpp src/Palette.cpp src/Tiles.cpp)
 else()
-  set(SOURCES include/fmt/format.cpp include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp src/superfamiconv.cpp src/sfc_palette.cpp src/sfc_tiles.cpp src/sfc_map.cpp src/Image.cpp src/Map.cpp src/Palette.cpp src/Tiles.cpp)
+  set(SOURCES include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp src/superfamiconv.cpp src/sfc_palette.cpp src/sfc_tiles.cpp src/sfc_map.cpp src/Image.cpp src/Map.cpp src/Palette.cpp src/Tiles.cpp)
 endif()
 
 add_executable(superfamiconv ${SOURCES})
+
+include(FetchContent)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  fmt
+  GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt
+  GIT_TAG        407c905e45ad75fc29bf0f9bb7c5c2fd3475976f) # 12.1.0
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fmt)
+
+target_link_libraries(superfamiconv fmt::fmt)
diff --git a/include/LodePNG/LICENSE b/include/LodePNG/LICENSE
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
diff --git a/include/LodePNG/README.md b/include/LodePNG/README.md
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
diff --git a/include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp b/include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 4afbb54..1a9e3e2
--- a/include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp
+++ b/include/LodePNG/lodepng.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
-LodePNG version 20230410
+LodePNG version 20260119
 
-Copyright (c) 2005-2023 Lode Vandevenne
+Copyright (c) 2005-2026 Lode Vandevenne
 
 This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
 warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Rename this file to lodepng.cpp to use it for C++, or to lodepng.c to use it for
 #pragma warning( disable : 4996 ) /*VS does not like fopen, but fopen_s is not standard C so unusable here*/
 #endif /*_MSC_VER */
 
-const char* LODEPNG_VERSION_STRING = "20230410";
+const char* LODEPNG_VERSION_STRING = "20260119";
 
 /*
 This source file is divided into the following large parts. The code sections
@@ -192,8 +192,8 @@ Example: if(!uivector_resize(&lz77_encoded, datasize)) ERROR_BREAK(83);
 
 /*Try the code, if it returns error, also return the error.*/
 #define CERROR_TRY_RETURN(call){\
-  unsigned error = call;\
-  if(error) return error;\
+  unsigned error_ = call;\
+  if(error_) return error_;\
 }
 
 /*Set error var to the error code, and return from the void function.*/
@@ -297,12 +297,6 @@ static ucvector ucvector_init(unsigned char* buffer, size_t size) {
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_PNG
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
 
-/*free string pointer and set it to NULL*/
-static void string_cleanup(char** out) {
-  lodepng_free(*out);
-  *out = NULL;
-}
-
 /*also appends null termination character*/
 static char* alloc_string_sized(const char* in, size_t insize) {
   char* out = (char*)lodepng_malloc(insize + 1);
@@ -346,54 +340,39 @@ static void lodepng_set32bitInt(unsigned char* buffer, unsigned value) {
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_DISK
 
 /* returns negative value on error. This should be pure C compatible, so no fstat. */
-static long lodepng_filesize(const char* filename) {
-  FILE* file;
+static long lodepng_filesize(FILE* file) {
   long size;
-  file = fopen(filename, "rb");
-  if(!file) return -1;
-
-  if(fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END) != 0) {
-    fclose(file);
-    return -1;
-  }
-
+  if(fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END) != 0) return -1;
   size = ftell(file);
   /* It may give LONG_MAX as directory size, this is invalid for us. */
-  if(size == LONG_MAX) size = -1;
-
-  fclose(file);
+  if(size == LONG_MAX) return -1;
+  if(fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0) return -1;
   return size;
 }
 
-/* load file into buffer that already has the correct allocated size. Returns error code.*/
-static unsigned lodepng_buffer_file(unsigned char* out, size_t size, const char* filename) {
-  FILE* file;
-  size_t readsize;
-  file = fopen(filename, "rb");
-  if(!file) return 78;
-
-  readsize = fread(out, 1, size, file);
-  fclose(file);
-
-  if(readsize != size) return 78;
-  return 0;
-}
-
-unsigned lodepng_load_file(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const char* filename) {
-  long size = lodepng_filesize(filename);
+/* Allocates the output buffer to the file size and reads the file into it. Returns error code.*/
+static unsigned lodepng_load_file_(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, FILE* file) {
+  long size = lodepng_filesize(file);
   if(size < 0) return 78;
   *outsize = (size_t)size;
-
   *out = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc((size_t)size);
   if(!(*out) && size > 0) return 83; /*the above malloc failed*/
+  if(fread(*out, 1, *outsize, file) != *outsize) return 78;
+  return 0; /*ok*/
+}
 
-  return lodepng_buffer_file(*out, (size_t)size, filename);
+unsigned lodepng_load_file(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const char* filename) {
+  unsigned error;
+  FILE* file = fopen(filename, "rb");
+  if(!file) return 78;
+  error = lodepng_load_file_(out, outsize, file);
+  fclose(file);
+  return error;
 }
 
 /*write given buffer to the file, overwriting the file, it doesn't append to it.*/
 unsigned lodepng_save_file(const unsigned char* buffer, size_t buffersize, const char* filename) {
-  FILE* file;
-  file = fopen(filename, "wb" );
+  FILE* file = fopen(filename, "wb" );
   if(!file) return 79;
   fwrite(buffer, 1, buffersize, file);
   fclose(file);
@@ -1367,7 +1346,7 @@ static unsigned inflateNoCompression(ucvector* out, LodePNGBitReader* reader,
   /*read the literal data: LEN bytes are now stored in the out buffer*/
   if(bytepos + LEN > size) return 23; /*error: reading outside of in buffer*/
 
-  /*out->data can be NULL (when LEN is zero), and arithmetics on NULL ptr is undefined*/
+  /*out->data can be NULL (when LEN is zero), and arithmetic on NULL ptr is undefined*/
   if (LEN) {
     lodepng_memcpy(out->data + out->size - LEN, reader->data + bytepos, LEN);
     bytepos += LEN;
@@ -1740,7 +1719,7 @@ static unsigned deflateNoCompression(ucvector* out, const unsigned char* data, s
   2 bytes LEN, 2 bytes NLEN, LEN bytes literal DATA*/
 
   size_t i, numdeflateblocks = (datasize + 65534u) / 65535u;
-  unsigned datapos = 0;
+  size_t datapos = 0;
   for(i = 0; i != numdeflateblocks; ++i) {
     unsigned BFINAL, BTYPE, LEN, NLEN;
     unsigned char firstbyte;
@@ -1750,7 +1729,7 @@ static unsigned deflateNoCompression(ucvector* out, const unsigned char* data, s
     BTYPE = 0;
 
     LEN = 65535;
-    if(datasize - datapos < 65535u) LEN = (unsigned)datasize - datapos;
+    if(datasize - datapos < 65535u) LEN = (unsigned)datasize - (unsigned)datapos;
     NLEN = 65535 - LEN;
 
     if(!ucvector_resize(out, out->size + LEN + 5)) return 83; /*alloc fail*/
@@ -2748,11 +2727,29 @@ unsigned char lodepng_chunk_type_equals(const unsigned char* chunk, const char*
   return (chunk[4] == type[0] && chunk[5] == type[1] && chunk[6] == type[2] && chunk[7] == type[3]);
 }
 
+/* chunk type name must exist only out of alphabetic characters a-z or A-Z */
+static unsigned char lodepng_chunk_type_name_valid(const unsigned char* chunk) {
+  unsigned i;
+  for(i = 0; i != 4; ++i) {
+    char c = (char)chunk[4 + i];
+    if(!((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))) {
+      return 0; /* not valid */
+    }
+  }
+  return 1; /* valid */
+}
+
 unsigned char lodepng_chunk_ancillary(const unsigned char* chunk) {
   return((chunk[4] & 32) != 0);
 }
 
 unsigned char lodepng_chunk_private(const unsigned char* chunk) {
+  return((chunk[5] & 32) != 0);
+}
+
+/* this is an error if it is reserved: the third character must be uppercase in the PNG standard,
+lowercasing this character is reserved for possible future extension by the spec*/
+static unsigned char lodepng_chunk_reserved(const unsigned char* chunk) {
   return((chunk[6] & 32) != 0);
 }
 
@@ -2770,17 +2767,17 @@ const unsigned char* lodepng_chunk_data_const(const unsigned char* chunk) {
 
 unsigned lodepng_chunk_check_crc(const unsigned char* chunk) {
   unsigned length = lodepng_chunk_length(chunk);
-  unsigned CRC = lodepng_read32bitInt(&chunk[length + 8]);
+  unsigned crc = lodepng_read32bitInt(&chunk[length + 8]);
   /*the CRC is taken of the data and the 4 chunk type letters, not the length*/
   unsigned checksum = lodepng_crc32(&chunk[4], length + 4);
-  if(CRC != checksum) return 1;
+  if(crc != checksum) return 1;
   else return 0;
 }
 
 void lodepng_chunk_generate_crc(unsigned char* chunk) {
   unsigned length = lodepng_chunk_length(chunk);
-  unsigned CRC = lodepng_crc32(&chunk[4], length + 4);
-  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + length, CRC);
+  unsigned crc = lodepng_crc32(&chunk[4], length + 4);
+  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + length, crc);
 }
 
 unsigned char* lodepng_chunk_next(unsigned char* chunk, unsigned char* end) {
@@ -2834,6 +2831,13 @@ unsigned lodepng_chunk_append(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const unsign
   size_t total_chunk_length, new_length;
   unsigned char *chunk_start, *new_buffer;
 
+  if(!lodepng_chunk_type_name_valid(chunk)) {
+    return 121; /* invalid chunk type name */
+  }
+  if(lodepng_chunk_reserved(chunk)) {
+    return 122; /* invalid third lowercase character */
+  }
+
   if(lodepng_addofl(lodepng_chunk_length(chunk), 12, &total_chunk_length)) return 77;
   if(lodepng_addofl(*outsize, total_chunk_length, &new_length)) return 77;
 
@@ -3152,8 +3156,8 @@ static void LodePNGText_init(LodePNGInfo* info) {
 static void LodePNGText_cleanup(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   size_t i;
   for(i = 0; i != info->text_num; ++i) {
-    string_cleanup(&info->text_keys[i]);
-    string_cleanup(&info->text_strings[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->text_keys[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->text_strings[i]);
   }
   lodepng_free(info->text_keys);
   lodepng_free(info->text_strings);
@@ -3193,6 +3197,8 @@ unsigned lodepng_add_text(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* key, const char* str) {
 
 void lodepng_clear_text(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   LodePNGText_cleanup(info);
+  /*cleanup only deconstructs, need to init again to set appropriate pointers to NULL*/
+  LodePNGText_init(info);
 }
 
 /******************************************************************************/
@@ -3208,10 +3214,10 @@ static void LodePNGIText_init(LodePNGInfo* info) {
 static void LodePNGIText_cleanup(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   size_t i;
   for(i = 0; i != info->itext_num; ++i) {
-    string_cleanup(&info->itext_keys[i]);
-    string_cleanup(&info->itext_langtags[i]);
-    string_cleanup(&info->itext_transkeys[i]);
-    string_cleanup(&info->itext_strings[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->itext_keys[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->itext_langtags[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->itext_transkeys[i]);
+    lodepng_free(info->itext_strings[i]);
   }
   lodepng_free(info->itext_keys);
   lodepng_free(info->itext_langtags);
@@ -3235,6 +3241,8 @@ static unsigned LodePNGIText_copy(LodePNGInfo* dest, const LodePNGInfo* source)
 
 void lodepng_clear_itext(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   LodePNGIText_cleanup(info);
+  /*cleanup only deconstructs, need to init again to set appropriate pointers to NULL*/
+  LodePNGIText_init(info);
 }
 
 static unsigned lodepng_add_itext_sized(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* key, const char* langtag,
@@ -3266,34 +3274,62 @@ unsigned lodepng_add_itext(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* key, const char* langt
   return lodepng_add_itext_sized(info, key, langtag, transkey, str, lodepng_strlen(str));
 }
 
-/* same as set but does not delete */
-static unsigned lodepng_assign_icc(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* name, const unsigned char* profile, unsigned profile_size) {
-  if(profile_size == 0) return 100; /*invalid ICC profile size*/
+unsigned lodepng_set_icc(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* name, const unsigned char* profile, unsigned profile_size) {
+  if(info->iccp_defined) lodepng_clear_icc(info);
+
+  if(profile_size == 0) return 123; /*invalid ICC profile size*/
 
   info->iccp_name = alloc_string(name);
-  info->iccp_profile = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(profile_size);
+  if(!info->iccp_name) return 83; /*alloc fail*/
 
-  if(!info->iccp_name || !info->iccp_profile) return 83; /*alloc fail*/
+  info->iccp_profile = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(profile_size);
+  if(!info->iccp_profile) {
+    lodepng_free(info->iccp_name);
+    return 83; /*alloc fail*/
+  }
 
   lodepng_memcpy(info->iccp_profile, profile, profile_size);
   info->iccp_profile_size = profile_size;
+  info->iccp_defined = 1;
 
   return 0; /*ok*/
 }
 
-unsigned lodepng_set_icc(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* name, const unsigned char* profile, unsigned profile_size) {
-  if(info->iccp_name) lodepng_clear_icc(info);
-  info->iccp_defined = 1;
-
-  return lodepng_assign_icc(info, name, profile, profile_size);
+static void lodepng_init_icc(LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  info->iccp_defined = 0;
+  info->iccp_name = NULL;
+  info->iccp_profile = NULL;
+  info->iccp_profile_size = 0;
 }
 
 void lodepng_clear_icc(LodePNGInfo* info) {
-  string_cleanup(&info->iccp_name);
+  lodepng_free(info->iccp_name);
   lodepng_free(info->iccp_profile);
-  info->iccp_profile = NULL;
-  info->iccp_profile_size = 0;
-  info->iccp_defined = 0;
+  lodepng_init_icc(info);
+}
+
+unsigned lodepng_set_exif(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* exif, unsigned exif_size) {
+  if(info->exif_defined) lodepng_clear_exif(info);
+  info->exif = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(exif_size);
+
+  if(!info->exif) return 83; /*alloc fail*/
+
+  lodepng_memcpy(info->exif, exif, exif_size);
+  info->exif_size = exif_size;
+  info->exif_defined = 1;
+
+  return 0; /*ok*/
+}
+
+static void lodepng_init_exif(LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  info->exif_defined = 0;
+  info->exif = NULL;
+  info->exif_size = 0;
+}
+
+void lodepng_clear_exif(LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  lodepng_free(info->exif);
+  lodepng_init_exif(info);
 }
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
 
@@ -3308,6 +3344,8 @@ void lodepng_info_init(LodePNGInfo* info) {
 
   LodePNGText_init(info);
   LodePNGIText_init(info);
+  lodepng_init_icc(info);
+  lodepng_init_exif(info);
 
   info->time_defined = 0;
   info->phys_defined = 0;
@@ -3315,9 +3353,25 @@ void lodepng_info_init(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   info->gama_defined = 0;
   info->chrm_defined = 0;
   info->srgb_defined = 0;
-  info->iccp_defined = 0;
-  info->iccp_name = NULL;
-  info->iccp_profile = NULL;
+  info->cicp_defined = 0;
+  info->cicp_color_primaries = 0;
+  info->cicp_transfer_function = 0;
+  info->cicp_matrix_coefficients = 0;
+  info->cicp_video_full_range_flag = 0;
+  info->mdcv_defined = 0;
+  info->mdcv_red_x = 0;
+  info->mdcv_red_y = 0;
+  info->mdcv_green_x = 0;
+  info->mdcv_green_y = 0;
+  info->mdcv_blue_x = 0;
+  info->mdcv_blue_y = 0;
+  info->mdcv_white_x = 0;
+  info->mdcv_white_y = 0;
+  info->mdcv_max_luminance = 0;
+  info->mdcv_min_luminance = 0;
+  info->clli_defined = 0;
+  info->clli_max_cll = 0;
+  info->clli_max_fall = 0;
 
   info->sbit_defined = 0;
   info->sbit_r = info->sbit_g = info->sbit_b = info->sbit_a = 0;
@@ -3333,6 +3387,7 @@ void lodepng_info_cleanup(LodePNGInfo* info) {
   LodePNGIText_cleanup(info);
 
   lodepng_clear_icc(info);
+  lodepng_clear_exif(info);
 
   LodePNGUnknownChunks_cleanup(info);
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
@@ -3341,19 +3396,30 @@ void lodepng_info_cleanup(LodePNGInfo* info) {
 unsigned lodepng_info_copy(LodePNGInfo* dest, const LodePNGInfo* source) {
   lodepng_info_cleanup(dest);
   lodepng_memcpy(dest, source, sizeof(LodePNGInfo));
+
+  /*ensure to initialize all fields pointing to allocated data to NULL first*/
   lodepng_color_mode_init(&dest->color);
-  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_color_mode_copy(&dest->color, &source->color));
+#ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
+  LodePNGText_init(dest);
+  LodePNGIText_init(dest);
+  lodepng_init_icc(dest);
+  lodepng_init_exif(dest);
+  LodePNGUnknownChunks_init(dest);
+#endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
 
+  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_color_mode_copy(&dest->color, &source->color));
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
   CERROR_TRY_RETURN(LodePNGText_copy(dest, source));
   CERROR_TRY_RETURN(LodePNGIText_copy(dest, source));
   if(source->iccp_defined) {
-    CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_assign_icc(dest, source->iccp_name, source->iccp_profile, source->iccp_profile_size));
+    CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_set_icc(dest, source->iccp_name, source->iccp_profile, source->iccp_profile_size));
+  }
+  if(source->exif_defined) {
+    CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_set_exif(dest, source->exif, source->exif_size));
   }
-
-  LodePNGUnknownChunks_init(dest);
   CERROR_TRY_RETURN(LodePNGUnknownChunks_copy(dest, source));
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
+
   return 0;
 }
 
@@ -4062,9 +4128,18 @@ unsigned lodepng_compute_color_stats(LodePNGColorStats* stats,
     }
   } else /* < 16-bit */ {
     unsigned char r = 0, g = 0, b = 0, a = 0;
+    unsigned char pr = 0, pg = 0, pb = 0, pa = 0;
     for(i = 0; i != numpixels; ++i) {
       getPixelColorRGBA8(&r, &g, &b, &a, in, i, mode_in);
 
+      /*skip if color same as before, this speeds up large non-photographic
+      images with many same colors by avoiding 'color_tree_has' below */
+      if(i != 0 && r == pr && g == pg && b == pb && a == pa) continue;
+      pr = r;
+      pg = g;
+      pb = b;
+      pa = a;
+
       if(!bits_done && stats->bits < 8) {
         /*only r is checked, < 8 bits is only relevant for grayscale*/
         unsigned bits = getValueRequiredBits(r);
@@ -4358,9 +4433,9 @@ unsigned lodepng_inspect(unsigned* w, unsigned* h, LodePNGState* state,
   if(info->interlace_method > 1) CERROR_RETURN_ERROR(state->error, 34);
 
   if(!state->decoder.ignore_crc) {
-    unsigned CRC = lodepng_read32bitInt(&in[29]);
+    unsigned crc = lodepng_read32bitInt(&in[29]);
     unsigned checksum = lodepng_crc32(&in[12], 17);
-    if(CRC != checksum) {
+    if(crc != checksum) {
       CERROR_RETURN_ERROR(state->error, 57); /*invalid CRC*/
     }
   }
@@ -4952,7 +5027,7 @@ static unsigned readChunk_iTXt(LodePNGInfo* info, const LodePNGDecoderSettings*
       if(!error) error = lodepng_add_itext_sized(info, key, langtag, transkey, (char*)str, size);
       lodepng_free(str);
     } else {
-      error = lodepng_add_itext_sized(info, key, langtag, transkey, (char*)(data + begin), length);
+      error = lodepng_add_itext_sized(info, key, langtag, transkey, (const char*)(data + begin), length);
     }
 
     break;
@@ -5034,8 +5109,7 @@ static unsigned readChunk_iCCP(LodePNGInfo* info, const LodePNGDecoderSettings*
 
   unsigned length, string2_begin;
 
-  info->iccp_defined = 1;
-  if(info->iccp_name) lodepng_clear_icc(info);
+  if(info->iccp_defined) lodepng_clear_icc(info);
 
   for(length = 0; length < chunkLength && data[length] != 0; ++length) ;
   if(length + 2 >= chunkLength) return 75; /*no null termination, corrupt?*/
@@ -5057,13 +5131,61 @@ static unsigned readChunk_iCCP(LodePNGInfo* info, const LodePNGDecoderSettings*
   error = zlib_decompress(&info->iccp_profile, &size, 0,
                           &data[string2_begin],
                           length, &zlibsettings);
-  /*error: ICC profile larger than  decoder->max_icc_size*/
+  /*error: ICC profile larger than decoder->max_icc_size*/
   if(error && size > zlibsettings.max_output_size) error = 113;
   info->iccp_profile_size = (unsigned)size;
-  if(!error && !info->iccp_profile_size) error = 100; /*invalid ICC profile size*/
+  if(!error && !info->iccp_profile_size) error = 123; /*invalid ICC profile size*/
+
+  if(!error) info->iccp_defined = 1;
   return error;
 }
 
+static unsigned readChunk_cICP(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* data, size_t chunkLength) {
+  if(chunkLength != 4) return 117; /*invalid cICP chunk size*/
+
+  info->cicp_defined = 1;
+  /* No error checking for value ranges is done here, that is up to a CICP
+  handling library, not the PNG decoding. Just pass on the metadata. */
+  info->cicp_color_primaries = data[0];
+  info->cicp_transfer_function = data[1];
+  info->cicp_matrix_coefficients = data[2];
+  info->cicp_video_full_range_flag = data[3];
+
+  return 0; /* OK */
+}
+
+static unsigned readChunk_mDCV(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* data, size_t chunkLength) {
+  if(chunkLength != 24) return 119; /*invalid mDCV chunk size*/
+
+  info->mdcv_defined = 1;
+  info->mdcv_red_x = 256u * data[0] + data[1];
+  info->mdcv_red_y = 256u * data[2] + data[3];
+  info->mdcv_green_x = 256u * data[4] + data[5];
+  info->mdcv_green_y = 256u * data[6] + data[7];
+  info->mdcv_blue_x = 256u * data[8] + data[9];
+  info->mdcv_blue_y = 256u * data[10] + data[11];
+  info->mdcv_white_x = 256u * data[12] + data[13];
+  info->mdcv_white_y = 256u * data[14] + data[15];
+  info->mdcv_max_luminance = 16777216u * data[16] + 65536u * data[17] + 256u * data[18] + data[19];
+  info->mdcv_min_luminance = 16777216u * data[20] + 65536u * data[21] + 256u * data[22] + data[23];
+
+  return 0; /* OK */
+}
+
+static unsigned readChunk_cLLI(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* data, size_t chunkLength) {
+  if(chunkLength != 8) return 120; /*invalid cLLI chunk size*/
+
+  info->clli_defined = 1;
+  info->clli_max_cll = 16777216u * data[0] + 65536u * data[1] + 256u * data[2] + data[3];
+  info->clli_max_fall = 16777216u * data[4] + 65536u * data[5] + 256u * data[6] + data[7];
+
+  return 0; /* OK */
+}
+
+static unsigned readChunk_eXIf(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* data, size_t chunkLength) {
+  return lodepng_set_exif(info, data, (unsigned)chunkLength);
+}
+
 /*significant bits chunk (sBIT)*/
 static unsigned readChunk_sBIT(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* data, size_t chunkLength) {
   unsigned bitdepth = (info->color.colortype == LCT_PALETTE) ? 8 : info->color.bitdepth;
@@ -5145,6 +5267,14 @@ unsigned lodepng_inspect_chunk(LodePNGState* state, size_t pos,
     error = readChunk_sRGB(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
   } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "iCCP")) {
     error = readChunk_iCCP(&state->info_png, &state->decoder, data, chunkLength);
+  } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "cICP")) {
+    error = readChunk_cICP(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+  } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "mDCV")) {
+    error = readChunk_mDCV(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+  } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "cLLI")) {
+    error = readChunk_cLLI(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+  } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "eXIf")) {
+    error = readChunk_eXIf(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
   } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "sBIT")) {
     error = readChunk_sBIT(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
@@ -5292,11 +5422,30 @@ static void decodeGeneric(unsigned char** out, unsigned* w, unsigned* h,
     } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "iCCP")) {
       state->error = readChunk_iCCP(&state->info_png, &state->decoder, data, chunkLength);
       if(state->error) break;
+    } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "cICP")) {
+      state->error = readChunk_cICP(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+      if(state->error) break;
+    } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "mDCV")) {
+      state->error = readChunk_mDCV(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+      if(state->error) break;
+    } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "cLLI")) {
+      state->error = readChunk_cLLI(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+      if(state->error) break;
+    } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "eXIf")) {
+      state->error = readChunk_eXIf(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
+      if(state->error) break;
     } else if(lodepng_chunk_type_equals(chunk, "sBIT")) {
       state->error = readChunk_sBIT(&state->info_png, data, chunkLength);
       if(state->error) break;
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
     } else /*it's not an implemented chunk type, so ignore it: skip over the data*/ {
+      if(!lodepng_chunk_type_name_valid(chunk)) {
+        CERROR_BREAK(state->error, 121); /* invalid chunk type name */
+      }
+      if(lodepng_chunk_reserved(chunk)) {
+        CERROR_BREAK(state->error, 122); /* invalid third lowercase character */
+      }
+
       /*error: unknown critical chunk (5th bit of first byte of chunk type is 0)*/
       if(!state->decoder.ignore_critical && !lodepng_chunk_ancillary(chunk)) {
         CERROR_BREAK(state->error, 69);
@@ -5480,13 +5629,15 @@ void lodepng_state_cleanup(LodePNGState* state) {
   lodepng_info_cleanup(&state->info_png);
 }
 
-void lodepng_state_copy(LodePNGState* dest, const LodePNGState* source) {
+unsigned lodepng_state_copy(LodePNGState* dest, const LodePNGState* source) {
   lodepng_state_cleanup(dest);
   *dest = *source;
   lodepng_color_mode_init(&dest->info_raw);
   lodepng_info_init(&dest->info_png);
-  dest->error = lodepng_color_mode_copy(&dest->info_raw, &source->info_raw); if(dest->error) return;
-  dest->error = lodepng_info_copy(&dest->info_png, &source->info_png); if(dest->error) return;
+  dest->error = lodepng_color_mode_copy(&dest->info_raw, &source->info_raw);
+  if(dest->error) return dest->error;
+  dest->error = lodepng_info_copy(&dest->info_png, &source->info_png);
+  return dest->error;
 }
 
 #endif /* defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER) || defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_ENCODER) */
@@ -5585,14 +5736,23 @@ static unsigned addChunk_tRNS(ucvector* out, const LodePNGColorMode* info) {
 }
 
 static unsigned addChunk_IDAT(ucvector* out, const unsigned char* data, size_t datasize,
-                              LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
+                              const LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
   unsigned error = 0;
   unsigned char* zlib = 0;
+  size_t pos = 0;
   size_t zlibsize = 0;
+  /* max chunk length allowed by the specification is 2147483647 bytes */
+  const size_t max_chunk_length = 2147483647u;
 
   error = zlib_compress(&zlib, &zlibsize, data, datasize, zlibsettings);
-  if(!error) {
-    error = lodepng_chunk_createv(out, zlibsize, "IDAT", zlib);
+  while(!error) {
+    if(zlibsize - pos > max_chunk_length) {
+      error = lodepng_chunk_createv(out, max_chunk_length, "IDAT", zlib + pos);
+      pos += max_chunk_length;
+    } else {
+      error = lodepng_chunk_createv(out, zlibsize - pos, "IDAT", zlib + pos);
+      break;
+    }
   }
   lodepng_free(zlib);
   return error;
@@ -5618,7 +5778,7 @@ static unsigned addChunk_tEXt(ucvector* out, const char* keyword, const char* te
 }
 
 static unsigned addChunk_zTXt(ucvector* out, const char* keyword, const char* textstring,
-                              LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
+                              const LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
   unsigned error = 0;
   unsigned char* chunk = 0;
   unsigned char* compressed = 0;
@@ -5646,7 +5806,7 @@ static unsigned addChunk_zTXt(ucvector* out, const char* keyword, const char* te
 }
 
 static unsigned addChunk_iTXt(ucvector* out, unsigned compress, const char* keyword, const char* langtag,
-                              const char* transkey, const char* textstring, LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
+                              const char* transkey, const char* textstring, const LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
   unsigned error = 0;
   unsigned char* chunk = 0;
   unsigned char* compressed = 0;
@@ -5763,7 +5923,7 @@ static unsigned addChunk_sRGB(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
   return lodepng_chunk_createv(out, 1, "sRGB", &data);
 }
 
-static unsigned addChunk_iCCP(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info, LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
+static unsigned addChunk_iCCP(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info, const LodePNGCompressSettings* zlibsettings) {
   unsigned error = 0;
   unsigned char* chunk = 0;
   unsigned char* compressed = 0;
@@ -5789,6 +5949,71 @@ static unsigned addChunk_iCCP(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info, LodePNGCom
   return error;
 }
 
+static unsigned addChunk_cICP(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  unsigned char* chunk;
+  /* Allow up to 255 since they are bytes. The ITU-R-BT.709 spec has a more
+  restricted set of valid values for each field, but that's up to the error
+  handling of a CICP library, not the PNG encoding/decoding, to manage. */
+  if(info->cicp_color_primaries > 255) return 116;
+  if(info->cicp_transfer_function > 255) return 116;
+  if(info->cicp_matrix_coefficients > 255) return 116;
+  if(info->cicp_video_full_range_flag > 255) return 116;
+  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_chunk_init(&chunk, out, 4, "cICP"));
+  chunk[8 + 0] = (unsigned char)info->cicp_color_primaries;
+  chunk[8 + 1] = (unsigned char)info->cicp_transfer_function;
+  chunk[8 + 2] = (unsigned char)info->cicp_matrix_coefficients;
+  chunk[8 + 3] = (unsigned char)info->cicp_video_full_range_flag;
+  lodepng_chunk_generate_crc(chunk);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned addChunk_mDCV(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  unsigned char* chunk;
+  /* Allow up to 65535 since they are 16-bit ints. */
+  if(info->mdcv_red_x > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_red_y > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_green_x > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_green_y > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_blue_x > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_blue_y > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_white_x > 65535) return 118;
+  if(info->mdcv_white_y > 65535) return 118;
+  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_chunk_init(&chunk, out, 24, "mDCV"));
+  chunk[8 + 0] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_red_x) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 1] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_red_x);
+  chunk[8 + 2] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_red_y) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 3] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_red_y);
+  chunk[8 + 4] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_green_x) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 5] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_green_x);
+  chunk[8 + 6] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_green_y) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 7] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_green_y);
+  chunk[8 + 8] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_blue_x) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 9] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_blue_x);
+  chunk[8 + 10] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_blue_y) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 11] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_blue_y);
+  chunk[8 + 12] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_white_x) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 13] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_white_x);
+  chunk[8 + 14] = (unsigned char)((info->mdcv_white_y) >> 8u);
+  chunk[8 + 15] = (unsigned char)(info->mdcv_white_y);
+  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + 16, info->mdcv_max_luminance);
+  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + 20, info->mdcv_min_luminance);
+  lodepng_chunk_generate_crc(chunk);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned addChunk_cLLI(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  unsigned char* chunk;
+  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_chunk_init(&chunk, out, 8, "cLLI"));
+  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + 0, info->clli_max_cll);
+  lodepng_set32bitInt(chunk + 8 + 4, info->clli_max_fall);
+  lodepng_chunk_generate_crc(chunk);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned addChunk_eXIf(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
+  return lodepng_chunk_createv(out, info->exif_size, "eXIf", info->exif);
+}
+
 static unsigned addChunk_sBIT(ucvector* out, const LodePNGInfo* info) {
   unsigned bitdepth = (info->color.colortype == LCT_PALETTE) ? 8 : info->color.bitdepth;
   unsigned char* chunk = 0;
@@ -5911,21 +6136,11 @@ static unsigned filter(unsigned char* out, const unsigned char* in, unsigned w,
   unsigned error = 0;
   LodePNGFilterStrategy strategy = settings->filter_strategy;
 
-  /*
-  There is a heuristic called the minimum sum of absolute differences heuristic, suggested by the PNG standard:
-   *  If the image type is Palette, or the bit depth is smaller than 8, then do not filter the image (i.e.
-      use fixed filtering, with the filter None).
-   * (The other case) If the image type is Grayscale or RGB (with or without Alpha), and the bit depth is
-     not smaller than 8, then use adaptive filtering heuristic as follows: independently for each row, apply
-     all five filters and select the filter that produces the smallest sum of absolute values per row.
-  This heuristic is used if filter strategy is LFS_MINSUM and filter_palette_zero is true.
-
-  If filter_palette_zero is true and filter_strategy is not LFS_MINSUM, the above heuristic is followed,
-  but for "the other case", whatever strategy filter_strategy is set to instead of the minimum sum
-  heuristic is used.
-  */
-  if(settings->filter_palette_zero &&
-     (color->colortype == LCT_PALETTE || color->bitdepth < 8)) strategy = LFS_ZERO;
+  if(settings->filter_palette_zero && (color->colortype == LCT_PALETTE || color->bitdepth < 8)) {
+    /*if the filter_palette_zero setting is enabled, override the filter strategy with
+    zero for all scanlines for palette and less-than-8-bitdepth images*/
+    strategy = LFS_ZERO;
+  }
 
   if(bpp == 0) return 31; /*error: invalid color type*/
 
@@ -5939,7 +6154,8 @@ static unsigned filter(unsigned char* out, const unsigned char* in, unsigned w,
       prevline = &in[inindex];
     }
   } else if(strategy == LFS_MINSUM) {
-    /*adaptive filtering*/
+    /*adaptive filtering: independently for each row, try all five filter types and select the one that produces the
+    smallest sum of absolute values per row.*/
     unsigned char* attempt[5]; /*five filtering attempts, one for each filter type*/
     size_t smallest = 0;
     unsigned char type, bestType = 0;
@@ -6165,21 +6381,21 @@ static unsigned preProcessScanlines(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const
   *) if no Adam7: 1) add padding bits (= possible extra bits per scanline if bpp < 8) 2) filter
   *) if adam7: 1) Adam7_interlace 2) 7x add padding bits 3) 7x filter
   */
-  unsigned bpp = lodepng_get_bpp(&info_png->color);
+  size_t bpp = lodepng_get_bpp(&info_png->color);
   unsigned error = 0;
-
   if(info_png->interlace_method == 0) {
-    *outsize = h + (h * ((w * bpp + 7u) / 8u)); /*image size plus an extra byte per scanline + possible padding bits*/
+    /*image size plus an extra byte per scanline + possible padding bits*/
+    *outsize = (size_t)h + ((size_t)h * (((size_t)w * bpp + 7u) / 8u));
     *out = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(*outsize);
     if(!(*out) && (*outsize)) error = 83; /*alloc fail*/
 
     if(!error) {
       /*non multiple of 8 bits per scanline, padding bits needed per scanline*/
-      if(bpp < 8 && w * bpp != ((w * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u) {
+      if(bpp < 8 && (size_t)w * bpp != (((size_t)w * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u) {
         unsigned char* padded = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(h * ((w * bpp + 7u) / 8u));
         if(!padded) error = 83; /*alloc fail*/
         if(!error) {
-          addPaddingBits(padded, in, ((w * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u, w * bpp, h);
+          addPaddingBits(padded, in, (((size_t)w * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u, (size_t)w * bpp, h);
           error = filter(*out, padded, w, h, &info_png->color, settings);
         }
         lodepng_free(padded);
@@ -6193,7 +6409,7 @@ static unsigned preProcessScanlines(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const
     size_t filter_passstart[8], padded_passstart[8], passstart[8];
     unsigned char* adam7;
 
-    Adam7_getpassvalues(passw, passh, filter_passstart, padded_passstart, passstart, w, h, bpp);
+    Adam7_getpassvalues(passw, passh, filter_passstart, padded_passstart, passstart, w, h, (unsigned)bpp);
 
     *outsize = filter_passstart[7]; /*image size plus an extra byte per scanline + possible padding bits*/
     *out = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(*outsize);
@@ -6205,13 +6421,13 @@ static unsigned preProcessScanlines(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const
     if(!error) {
       unsigned i;
 
-      Adam7_interlace(adam7, in, w, h, bpp);
+      Adam7_interlace(adam7, in, w, h, (unsigned)bpp);
       for(i = 0; i != 7; ++i) {
         if(bpp < 8) {
           unsigned char* padded = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(padded_passstart[i + 1] - padded_passstart[i]);
           if(!padded) ERROR_BREAK(83); /*alloc fail*/
           addPaddingBits(padded, &adam7[passstart[i]],
-                         ((passw[i] * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u, passw[i] * bpp, passh[i]);
+                         (((size_t)passw[i] * bpp + 7u) / 8u) * 8u, (size_t)passw[i] * bpp, passh[i]);
           error = filter(&(*out)[filter_passstart[i]], padded,
                          passw[i], passh[i], &info_png->color, settings);
           lodepng_free(padded);
@@ -6271,6 +6487,7 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
   LodePNGInfo info;
   const LodePNGInfo* info_png = &state->info_png;
   LodePNGColorMode auto_color;
+  unsigned error = 0;
 
   lodepng_info_init(&info);
   lodepng_color_mode_init(&auto_color);
@@ -6278,7 +6495,6 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
   /*provide some proper output values if error will happen*/
   *out = 0;
   *outsize = 0;
-  state->error = 0;
 
   /*check input values validity*/
   if((info_png->color.colortype == LCT_PALETTE || state->encoder.force_palette)
@@ -6287,24 +6503,24 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
     generate the palette by itself: while allowing this could be possible in theory,
     it may complicate the code or edge cases, and always requiring to give a palette
     when setting this color type is a simpler contract*/
-    state->error = 68; /*invalid palette size, it is only allowed to be 1-256*/
+    error = 68; /*invalid palette size, it is only allowed to be 1-256*/
     goto cleanup;
   }
   if(state->encoder.zlibsettings.btype > 2) {
-    state->error = 61; /*error: invalid btype*/
+    error = 61; /*error: invalid btype*/
     goto cleanup;
   }
   if(info_png->interlace_method > 1) {
-    state->error = 71; /*error: invalid interlace mode*/
+    error = 71; /*error: invalid interlace mode*/
     goto cleanup;
   }
-  state->error = checkColorValidity(info_png->color.colortype, info_png->color.bitdepth);
-  if(state->error) goto cleanup; /*error: invalid color type given*/
-  state->error = checkColorValidity(state->info_raw.colortype, state->info_raw.bitdepth);
-  if(state->error) goto cleanup; /*error: invalid color type given*/
+  error = checkColorValidity(info_png->color.colortype, info_png->color.bitdepth);
+  if(error) goto cleanup; /*error: invalid color type given*/
+  error = checkColorValidity(state->info_raw.colortype, state->info_raw.bitdepth);
+  if(error) goto cleanup; /*error: invalid color type given*/
 
   /* color convert and compute scanline filter types */
-  lodepng_info_copy(&info, &state->info_png);
+  CERROR_TRY_RETURN(lodepng_info_copy(&info, &state->info_png));
   if(state->encoder.auto_convert) {
     LodePNGColorStats stats;
     unsigned allow_convert = 1;
@@ -6322,8 +6538,8 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
       stats.allow_greyscale = 0;
     }
 #endif /* LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS */
-    state->error = lodepng_compute_color_stats(&stats, image, w, h, &state->info_raw);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = lodepng_compute_color_stats(&stats, image, w, h, &state->info_raw);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
     if(info_png->background_defined) {
       /*the background chunk's color must be taken into account as well*/
@@ -6331,12 +6547,12 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
       LodePNGColorMode mode16 = lodepng_color_mode_make(LCT_RGB, 16);
       lodepng_convert_rgb(&r, &g, &b,
           info_png->background_r, info_png->background_g, info_png->background_b, &mode16, &info_png->color);
-      state->error = lodepng_color_stats_add(&stats, r, g, b, 65535);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = lodepng_color_stats_add(&stats, r, g, b, 65535);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 #endif /* LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS */
-    state->error = auto_choose_color(&auto_color, &state->info_raw, &stats);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = auto_choose_color(&auto_color, &state->info_raw, &stats);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
     if(info_png->sbit_defined) {
       /*if sbit is defined, due to strict requirements of which sbit values can be present for which color modes,
@@ -6390,7 +6606,7 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
     if(state->encoder.force_palette) {
       if(info.color.colortype != LCT_GREY && info.color.colortype != LCT_GREY_ALPHA &&
          (auto_color.colortype == LCT_GREY || auto_color.colortype == LCT_GREY_ALPHA)) {
-        /*user speficially forced a PLTE palette, so cannot convert to grayscale types because
+        /*user specifically forced a PLTE palette, so cannot convert to grayscale types because
         the PNG specification only allows writing a suggested palette in PLTE for truecolor types*/
         allow_convert = 0;
       }
@@ -6402,7 +6618,7 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
       if(info_png->background_defined) {
         if(lodepng_convert_rgb(&info.background_r, &info.background_g, &info.background_b,
             info_png->background_r, info_png->background_g, info_png->background_b, &info.color, &info_png->color)) {
-          state->error = 104;
+          error = 104;
           goto cleanup;
         }
       }
@@ -6415,13 +6631,13 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
     unsigned rgb_icc = isRGBICCProfile(info_png->iccp_profile, info_png->iccp_profile_size);
     unsigned gray_png = info.color.colortype == LCT_GREY || info.color.colortype == LCT_GREY_ALPHA;
     if(!gray_icc && !rgb_icc) {
-      state->error = 100; /* Disallowed profile color type for PNG */
+      error = 100; /* Disallowed profile color type for PNG */
       goto cleanup;
     }
     if(gray_icc != gray_png) {
       /*Not allowed to use RGB/RGBA/palette with GRAY ICC profile or vice versa,
       or in case of auto_convert, it wasn't possible to find appropriate model*/
-      state->error = state->encoder.auto_convert ? 102 : 101;
+      error = state->encoder.auto_convert ? 102 : 101;
       goto cleanup;
     }
   }
@@ -6431,18 +6647,18 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
     size_t size = ((size_t)w * (size_t)h * (size_t)lodepng_get_bpp(&info.color) + 7u) / 8u;
 
     converted = (unsigned char*)lodepng_malloc(size);
-    if(!converted && size) state->error = 83; /*alloc fail*/
-    if(!state->error) {
-      state->error = lodepng_convert(converted, image, &info.color, &state->info_raw, w, h);
+    if(!converted && size) error = 83; /*alloc fail*/
+    if(!error) {
+      error = lodepng_convert(converted, image, &info.color, &state->info_raw, w, h);
     }
-    if(!state->error) {
-      state->error = preProcessScanlines(&data, &datasize, converted, w, h, &info, &state->encoder);
+    if(!error) {
+      error = preProcessScanlines(&data, &datasize, converted, w, h, &info, &state->encoder);
     }
     lodepng_free(converted);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
   } else {
-    state->error = preProcessScanlines(&data, &datasize, image, w, h, &info, &state->encoder);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = preProcessScanlines(&data, &datasize, image, w, h, &info, &state->encoder);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
   }
 
   /* output all PNG chunks */ {
@@ -6450,95 +6666,111 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
     size_t i;
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
     /*write signature and chunks*/
-    state->error = writeSignature(&outv);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = writeSignature(&outv);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
     /*IHDR*/
-    state->error = addChunk_IHDR(&outv, w, h, info.color.colortype, info.color.bitdepth, info.interlace_method);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = addChunk_IHDR(&outv, w, h, info.color.colortype, info.color.bitdepth, info.interlace_method);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
     /*unknown chunks between IHDR and PLTE*/
     if(info.unknown_chunks_data[0]) {
-      state->error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[0], info.unknown_chunks_size[0]);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[0], info.unknown_chunks_size[0]);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     /*color profile chunks must come before PLTE */
+    if(info.cicp_defined) {
+      error = addChunk_cICP(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if(info.mdcv_defined) {
+      error = addChunk_mDCV(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if(info.clli_defined) {
+      error = addChunk_cLLI(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
+    }
     if(info.iccp_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_iCCP(&outv, &info, &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_iCCP(&outv, &info, &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     if(info.srgb_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_sRGB(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_sRGB(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     if(info.gama_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_gAMA(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_gAMA(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     if(info.chrm_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_cHRM(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_cHRM(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     if(info_png->sbit_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_sBIT(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_sBIT(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if(info.exif_defined) {
+      error = addChunk_eXIf(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
     /*PLTE*/
     if(info.color.colortype == LCT_PALETTE) {
-      state->error = addChunk_PLTE(&outv, &info.color);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_PLTE(&outv, &info.color);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     if(state->encoder.force_palette && (info.color.colortype == LCT_RGB || info.color.colortype == LCT_RGBA)) {
       /*force_palette means: write suggested palette for truecolor in PLTE chunk*/
-      state->error = addChunk_PLTE(&outv, &info.color);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_PLTE(&outv, &info.color);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     /*tRNS (this will only add if when necessary) */
-    state->error = addChunk_tRNS(&outv, &info.color);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = addChunk_tRNS(&outv, &info.color);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
     /*bKGD (must come between PLTE and the IDAt chunks*/
     if(info.background_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_bKGD(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_bKGD(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     /*pHYs (must come before the IDAT chunks)*/
     if(info.phys_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_pHYs(&outv, &info);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_pHYs(&outv, &info);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 
     /*unknown chunks between PLTE and IDAT*/
     if(info.unknown_chunks_data[1]) {
-      state->error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[1], info.unknown_chunks_size[1]);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[1], info.unknown_chunks_size[1]);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
     /*IDAT (multiple IDAT chunks must be consecutive)*/
-    state->error = addChunk_IDAT(&outv, data, datasize, &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = addChunk_IDAT(&outv, data, datasize, &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS
     /*tIME*/
     if(info.time_defined) {
-      state->error = addChunk_tIME(&outv, &info.time);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addChunk_tIME(&outv, &info.time);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
     /*tEXt and/or zTXt*/
     for(i = 0; i != info.text_num; ++i) {
       if(lodepng_strlen(info.text_keys[i]) > 79) {
-        state->error = 66; /*text chunk too large*/
+        error = 66; /*text chunk too large*/
         goto cleanup;
       }
       if(lodepng_strlen(info.text_keys[i]) < 1) {
-        state->error = 67; /*text chunk too small*/
+        error = 67; /*text chunk too small*/
         goto cleanup;
       }
       if(state->encoder.text_compression) {
-        state->error = addChunk_zTXt(&outv, info.text_keys[i], info.text_strings[i], &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
-        if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+        error = addChunk_zTXt(&outv, info.text_keys[i], info.text_strings[i], &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
+        if(error) goto cleanup;
       } else {
-        state->error = addChunk_tEXt(&outv, info.text_keys[i], info.text_strings[i]);
-        if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+        error = addChunk_tEXt(&outv, info.text_keys[i], info.text_strings[i]);
+        if(error) goto cleanup;
       }
     }
     /*LodePNG version id in text chunk*/
@@ -6554,35 +6786,35 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
         }
       }
       if(already_added_id_text == 0) {
-        state->error = addChunk_tEXt(&outv, "LodePNG", LODEPNG_VERSION_STRING); /*it's shorter as tEXt than as zTXt chunk*/
-        if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+        error = addChunk_tEXt(&outv, "LodePNG", LODEPNG_VERSION_STRING); /*it's shorter as tEXt than as zTXt chunk*/
+        if(error) goto cleanup;
       }
     }
     /*iTXt*/
     for(i = 0; i != info.itext_num; ++i) {
       if(lodepng_strlen(info.itext_keys[i]) > 79) {
-        state->error = 66; /*text chunk too large*/
+        error = 66; /*text chunk too large*/
         goto cleanup;
       }
       if(lodepng_strlen(info.itext_keys[i]) < 1) {
-        state->error = 67; /*text chunk too small*/
+        error = 67; /*text chunk too small*/
         goto cleanup;
       }
-      state->error = addChunk_iTXt(
+      error = addChunk_iTXt(
           &outv, state->encoder.text_compression,
           info.itext_keys[i], info.itext_langtags[i], info.itext_transkeys[i], info.itext_strings[i],
           &state->encoder.zlibsettings);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 
     /*unknown chunks between IDAT and IEND*/
     if(info.unknown_chunks_data[2]) {
-      state->error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[2], info.unknown_chunks_size[2]);
-      if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+      error = addUnknownChunks(&outv, info.unknown_chunks_data[2], info.unknown_chunks_size[2]);
+      if(error) goto cleanup;
     }
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
-    state->error = addChunk_IEND(&outv);
-    if(state->error) goto cleanup;
+    error = addChunk_IEND(&outv);
+    if(error) goto cleanup;
   }
 
 cleanup:
@@ -6594,7 +6826,9 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize,
   *out = outv.data;
   *outsize = outv.size;
 
-  return state->error;
+  state->error = error; /*TODO: remove this and make input state const*/
+
+  return error;
 }
 
 unsigned lodepng_encode_memory(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const unsigned char* image,
@@ -6606,8 +6840,7 @@ unsigned lodepng_encode_memory(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const unsig
   state.info_raw.bitdepth = bitdepth;
   state.info_png.color.colortype = colortype;
   state.info_png.color.bitdepth = bitdepth;
-  lodepng_encode(out, outsize, image, w, h, &state);
-  error = state.error;
+  error = lodepng_encode(out, outsize, image, w, h, &state);
   lodepng_state_cleanup(&state);
   return error;
 }
@@ -6735,7 +6968,7 @@ const char* lodepng_error_text(unsigned code) {
     case 68: return "tried to encode a PLTE chunk with a palette that has less than 1 or more than 256 colors";
     case 69: return "unknown chunk type with 'critical' flag encountered by the decoder";
     case 71: return "invalid interlace mode given to encoder (must be 0 or 1)";
-    case 72: return "while decoding, invalid compression method encountering in zTXt or iTXt chunk (it must be 0)";
+    case 72: return "while decoding, invalid compression method encountered in zTXt, iTXt or iCCP chunk (it must be 0)";
     case 73: return "invalid tIME chunk size";
     case 74: return "invalid pHYs chunk size";
     /*length could be wrong, or data chopped off*/
@@ -6785,6 +7018,14 @@ const char* lodepng_error_text(unsigned code) {
     case 113: return "ICC profile unreasonably large";
     case 114: return "sBIT chunk has wrong size for the color type of the image";
     case 115: return "sBIT value out of range";
+    case 116: return "cICP value out of range";
+    case 117: return "invalid cICP chunk size";
+    case 118: return "mDCV value out of range";
+    case 119: return "invalid mDCV chunk size";
+    case 120: return "invalid cLLI chunk size";
+    case 121: return "invalid chunk type name: may only contain [a-zA-Z]";
+    case 122: return "invalid chunk type name: third character must be uppercase";
+    case 123: return "invalid ICC profile size";
   }
   return "unknown error code";
 }
@@ -6800,11 +7041,23 @@ const char* lodepng_error_text(unsigned code) {
 namespace lodepng {
 
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_DISK
-unsigned load_file(std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer, const std::string& filename) {
-  long size = lodepng_filesize(filename.c_str());
+/* Resizes the vector to the file size and reads the file into it. Returns error code.*/
+static unsigned load_file_(std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer, FILE* file) {
+  long size = lodepng_filesize(file);
   if(size < 0) return 78;
   buffer.resize((size_t)size);
-  return size == 0 ? 0 : lodepng_buffer_file(&buffer[0], (size_t)size, filename.c_str());
+  if(size == 0) return 0; /*ok*/
+  if(fread(&buffer[0], 1, buffer.size(), file) != buffer.size()) return 78;
+  return 0; /*ok*/
+}
+
+unsigned load_file(std::vector<unsigned char>& buffer, const std::string& filename) {
+  unsigned error;
+  FILE* file = fopen(filename.c_str(), "rb");
+  if(!file) return 78;
+  error = load_file_(buffer, file);
+  fclose(file);
+  return error;
 }
 
 /*write given buffer to the file, overwriting the file, it doesn't append to it.*/
diff --git a/include/LodePNG/lodepng.h b/include/LodePNG/lodepng.h
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 3f3649d..8517eae
--- a/include/LodePNG/lodepng.h
+++ b/include/LodePNG/lodepng.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
-LodePNG version 20230410
+LodePNG version 20260119
 
-Copyright (c) 2005-2023 Lode Vandevenne
+Copyright (c) 2005-2026 Lode Vandevenne
 
 This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
 warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
@@ -550,6 +550,18 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
   char** itext_transkeys; /*keyword translated to the international language - UTF-8 string*/
   char** itext_strings; /*the actual international text - UTF-8 string*/
 
+  /*
+  Optional exif metadata in exif_size bytes.
+  Don't allocate this buffer yourself. Use the init/cleanup functions
+  correctly and use lodepng_set_exif and lodepng_clear_exif.
+  The exif data is in exif-encoded form but without JPEG markers, starting with the 'II' or 'MM' marker that indicates
+  endianness. It's up to an exif handling library to encode/decode its information.
+  */
+  unsigned exif_defined; /* Whether exif metadata is present, that is, the PNG image has an eXIf chunk */
+  unsigned char* exif; /* The bytes of the exif metadata, if present */
+  unsigned exif_size; /* The size of the exif data in bytes */
+
+
   /*time chunk (tIME)*/
   unsigned time_defined; /*set to 1 to make the encoder generate a tIME chunk*/
   LodePNGTime time;
@@ -561,20 +573,34 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
   unsigned phys_unit; /*may be 0 (unknown unit) or 1 (metre)*/
 
   /*
-  Color profile related chunks: gAMA, cHRM, sRGB, iCPP, sBIT
+  Color profile related chunk types: cICP, iCPP, sRGB, gAMA, cHRM, sBIT
 
   LodePNG does not apply any color conversions on pixels in the encoder or decoder and does not interpret these color
-  profile values. It merely passes on the information. If you wish to use color profiles and convert colors, please
-  use these values with a color management library.
-
-  See the PNG, ICC and sRGB specifications for more information about the meaning of these values.
+  profile values. It merely passes on the information. If you wish to use color profiles and convert colors, a separate
+  color management library should be used. There is also a limited library for this in lodepng_util.h.
+
+  There are 4 types of (sets of) chunks providing color information. If multiple are present, each will be decoded by
+  LodePNG, but only one should be handled by the user, with the following order of priority depending on what the user
+  supports:
+  1: cICP: Coding-independent code points (CICP)
+  2: iCCP: ICC profile
+  3: sRGB: indicates the image is in the sRGB color profile
+  4: gAMA and cHRM: indicates a gamma and chromaticity value to define the color profile
   */
 
-  /* gAMA chunk: optional, overridden by sRGB or iCCP if those are present. */
+  /*
+  gAMA chunk: Image gamma
+  Optional, overridden by cICP, iCCP or sRGB if those are present.
+  Together with cHRM, this is a primitive way of specifying the image color profile.
+  */
   unsigned gama_defined; /* Whether a gAMA chunk is present (0 = not present, 1 = present). */
   unsigned gama_gamma;   /* Gamma exponent times 100000 */
 
-  /* cHRM chunk: optional, overridden by sRGB or iCCP if those are present. */
+  /*
+  cHRM chunk: Primary chromaticities and white point
+  Optional, overridden by cICP, iCCP or sRGB if those are present.
+  Together with gAMA, this is a primitive way of specifying the image color profile.
+  */
   unsigned chrm_defined; /* Whether a cHRM chunk is present (0 = not present, 1 = present). */
   unsigned chrm_white_x; /* White Point x times 100000 */
   unsigned chrm_white_y; /* White Point y times 100000 */
@@ -586,7 +612,8 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
   unsigned chrm_blue_y;  /* Blue y times 100000 */
 
   /*
-  sRGB chunk: optional. May not appear at the same time as iCCP.
+  sRGB chunk: Indicates the image is in the sRGB color space.
+  Optional. Should not appear at the same time as iCCP.
   If gAMA is also present gAMA must contain value 45455.
   If cHRM is also present cHRM must contain respectively 31270,32900,64000,33000,30000,60000,15000,6000.
   */
@@ -594,22 +621,25 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
   unsigned srgb_intent;  /* Rendering intent: 0=perceptual, 1=rel. colorimetric, 2=saturation, 3=abs. colorimetric */
 
   /*
-  iCCP chunk: optional. May not appear at the same time as sRGB.
+  iCCP chunk: Embedded ICC profile.
+  Optional. Should not appear at the same time as sRGB.
 
-  LodePNG does not parse or use the ICC profile (except its color space header field for an edge case), a
-  separate library to handle the ICC data (not included in LodePNG) format is needed to use it for color
+  Contains ICC profile, which can use any version of the ICC.1 specification by the International Color Consortium. See
+  its specification for more details. LodePNG does not parse or use the ICC profile (except its color space header
+  field for "RGB" or "GRAY", see below), a separate library to handle the ICC data format is needed to use it for color
   management and conversions.
 
-  For encoding, if iCCP is present, gAMA and cHRM are recommended to be added as well with values that match the ICC
-  profile as closely as possible, if you wish to do this you should provide the correct values for gAMA and cHRM and
-  enable their '_defined' flags since LodePNG will not automatically compute them from the ICC profile.
+  For encoding, if iCCP is present, the PNG specification recommends to also add gAMA and cHRM chunks that approximate
+  the ICC profile, for compatibility with applications that don't use the ICC chunk. This is not required, and it's up
+  to the user to compute approximate values and set then in the appropriate gama_ and chrm_ fields, LodePNG does not do
+  this automatically since it does not interpret the ICC profile.
 
-  For encoding, the ICC profile is required by the PNG specification to be an "RGB" profile for non-gray
-  PNG color types and a "GRAY" profile for gray PNG color types. If you disable auto_convert, you must ensure
-  the ICC profile type matches your requested color type, else the encoder gives an error. If auto_convert is
-  enabled (the default), and the ICC profile is not a good match for the pixel data, this will result in an encoder
-  error if the pixel data has non-gray pixels for a GRAY profile, or a silent less-optimal compression of the pixel
-  data if the pixels could be encoded as grayscale but the ICC profile is RGB.
+  For encoding, the ICC profile is required by the PNG specification to be an "RGB" profile for non-gray PNG color
+  types (types 2, 3 and 6) and a "GRAY" profile for gray PNG color types (types 1 and 4). If you disable auto_convert,
+  you must ensure the ICC profile type matches your requested color type, else the encoder gives an error. If
+  auto_convert is enabled (the default), and the ICC profile is not a correct match for the pixel data, this will result
+  in an encoder error if the pixel data has non-gray pixels for a GRAY profile, or a silent less-optimal compression of
+  the pixel data if the pixels could be encoded as grayscale but the ICC profile is RGB.
 
   To avoid this do not set an ICC profile in the image unless there is a good reason for it, and when doing so
   make sure you compute it carefully to avoid the above problems.
@@ -625,7 +655,58 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
   unsigned iccp_profile_size; /* The size of iccp_profile in bytes */
 
   /*
-  sBIT chunk: significant bits. Optional metadata, only set this if needed.
+  cICP chunk: Coding-independent code points for video signal type identification.
+  Optional. If present, and supported, overrides iCCP, sRGB, gAMA and cHRM.
+  The meaning of the values are as defined in the specification ITU-T-H.273. LodePNG does not
+  use these values, only passes on the metadata. The meaning of the values is they are enum
+  values representing certain color spaces, including HDR color spaces, such as Display P3,
+  PQ and HLG. The video full range flag value should typically be 1 for the use cases of PNG
+  images, but can be 0 for narrow-range images in certain video editing workflows.
+  */
+  unsigned cicp_defined; /* Whether an cICP chunk is present (0 = not present, 1 = present). */
+  unsigned cicp_color_primaries; /* Colour primaries value */
+  unsigned cicp_transfer_function; /* Transfer characteristics value */
+  unsigned cicp_matrix_coefficients; /* Matrix coefficients value */
+  unsigned cicp_video_full_range_flag; /* Video full range flag value */
+
+  /*
+  mDCV chunk: Mastering Display Color Volume.
+  Optional, typically used in conjunction with certain HDR color spaces that can
+  be represented by the cICP chunk.
+  See the PNG specification, third edition, for more information on this chunk.
+  All the red, green, blue and white x and y values are encoded as 16-bit
+  integers and therefore must be in range 0-65536. The min and max luminance
+  values are 32-bit integers.
+  */
+  unsigned mdcv_defined; /* Whether an mDCV chunk is present (0 = not present, 1 = present). */
+  /* Mastering display color primary chromaticities (CIE 1931 x,y of R,G,B) */
+  unsigned mdcv_red_x;   /* Red x times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_red_y;   /* Red y times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_green_x; /* Green x times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_green_y; /* Green y times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_blue_x;  /* Blue x times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_blue_y;  /* Blue y times 50000 */
+  /* Mastering display white point chromaticity (CIE 1931 x,y) */
+  unsigned mdcv_white_x; /* White Point x times 50000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_white_y; /* White Point y times 50000 */
+  /* Mastering display luminance */
+  unsigned mdcv_max_luminance; /* Max luminance in cd/m^2 times 10000 */
+  unsigned mdcv_min_luminance; /* Min luminance in cd/m^2 times 10000 */
+
+  /*
+  cLLI chunk: Content Light Level Information.
+  Optional, typically used in conjunction with certain HDR color spaces that can
+  be represented by the cICP chunk.
+  See the PNG specification, third edition, for more information on this chunk.
+  The clli_max_cll and clli_max_fall values are 32-bit integers.
+  */
+  unsigned clli_defined; /* Whether a cLLI chunk is present (0 = not present, 1 = present). */
+  unsigned clli_max_cll; /* Maximum Content Light Level (MaxCLL) in cd/m^2 times 10000 */
+  unsigned clli_max_fall; /* Maximum Frame-Average Light Level (MaxFALL) in cd/m^2 times 10000 */
+
+  /*
+  sBIT chunk: significant bits.
+  Optional metadata, only set this if needed.
 
   If defined, these values give the bit depth of the original data. Since PNG only stores 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16-bit
   per channel data, the significant bits value can be used to indicate the original encoded data has another
@@ -690,6 +771,7 @@ typedef struct LodePNGInfo {
 
 /*init, cleanup and copy functions to use with this struct*/
 void lodepng_info_init(LodePNGInfo* info);
+/*destructs the LodePNGInfo and brings it to invalid state, requiring lodepng_info_init again before reusing it*/
 void lodepng_info_cleanup(LodePNGInfo* info);
 /*return value is error code (0 means no error)*/
 unsigned lodepng_info_copy(LodePNGInfo* dest, const LodePNGInfo* source);
@@ -704,7 +786,11 @@ void lodepng_clear_itext(LodePNGInfo* info); /*use this to clear the itexts agai
 
 /*replaces if exists*/
 unsigned lodepng_set_icc(LodePNGInfo* info, const char* name, const unsigned char* profile, unsigned profile_size);
-void lodepng_clear_icc(LodePNGInfo* info); /*use this to clear the texts again after you filled them in*/
+void lodepng_clear_icc(LodePNGInfo* info); /*use this to clear the profile again after you filled it in*/
+
+/*replaces if exists*/
+unsigned lodepng_set_exif(LodePNGInfo* info, const unsigned char* exif, unsigned exif_size);
+void lodepng_clear_exif(LodePNGInfo* info); /*use this to clear the exif metadata again after you filled it in*/
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ANCILLARY_CHUNKS*/
 
 /*
@@ -737,7 +823,7 @@ typedef struct LodePNGDecoderSettings {
   /* TODO: make a system involving warnings with levels and a strict mode instead. Other potentially recoverable
      errors: srgb rendering intent value, size of content of ancillary chunks, more than 79 characters for some
      strings, placement/combination rules for ancillary chunks, crc of unknown chunks, allowed characters
-     in string keys, etc... */
+     in string keys, invalid characters in chunk types names, etc... */
 
   unsigned color_convert; /*whether to convert the PNG to the color type you want. Default: yes*/
 
@@ -763,7 +849,8 @@ void lodepng_decoder_settings_init(LodePNGDecoderSettings* settings);
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER*/
 
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_ENCODER
-/*automatically use color type with less bits per pixel if losslessly possible. Default: AUTO*/
+/*strategy to use to choose the PNG filter per scanline. Strategies 0-4 correspond
+to each of the 5 filter types PNG supports, the next values are adaptive strategies*/
 typedef enum LodePNGFilterStrategy {
   /*every filter at zero*/
   LFS_ZERO = 0,
@@ -772,7 +859,8 @@ typedef enum LodePNGFilterStrategy {
   LFS_TWO = 2,
   LFS_THREE = 3,
   LFS_FOUR = 4,
-  /*Use filter that gives minimum sum, as described in the official PNG filter heuristic.*/
+  /*Use the filter out of the 5 above types that gives minimum sum, by trying each one. This is the adaptive filtering
+  suggested heuristic in the PNG standard chapter 'Filter selection'.*/
   LFS_MINSUM,
   /*Use the filter type that gives smallest Shannon entropy for this scanline. Depending
   on the image, this is better or worse than minsum.*/
@@ -818,12 +906,15 @@ unsigned lodepng_compute_color_stats(LodePNGColorStats* stats,
 typedef struct LodePNGEncoderSettings {
   LodePNGCompressSettings zlibsettings; /*settings for the zlib encoder, such as window size, ...*/
 
-  unsigned auto_convert; /*automatically choose output PNG color type. Default: true*/
+  /*automatically choose output PNG color type. If false, must explicitly choose the output color
+  type in state.info_png.color.colortype, info_png.color.bitdepth and optionally its palette.
+  Default: true*/
+  unsigned auto_convert;
 
-  /*If true, follows the official PNG heuristic: if the PNG uses a palette or lower than
-  8 bit depth, set all filters to zero. Otherwise use the filter_strategy. Note that to
-  completely follow the official PNG heuristic, filter_palette_zero must be true and
-  filter_strategy must be LFS_MINSUM*/
+  /*If true, follows the suggestion in the PNG standard in chapter 'Filter selection': if the PNG uses
+  a palette or lower than 8 bit depth, set all filters to zero.
+  In other cases this will use the heuristic from the chosen filter_strategy. The PNG standard
+  suggests LFS_MINSUM for those cases.*/
   unsigned filter_palette_zero;
   /*Which filter strategy to use when not using zeroes due to filter_palette_zero.
   Set filter_palette_zero to 0 to ensure always using your chosen strategy. Default: LFS_MINSUM*/
@@ -835,7 +926,7 @@ typedef struct LodePNGEncoderSettings {
   const unsigned char* predefined_filters;
 
   /*force creating a PLTE chunk if colortype is 2 or 6 (= a suggested palette).
-  If colortype is 3, PLTE is always created. If color type is explicitely set
+  If colortype is 3, PLTE is always created. If color type is explicitly set
   to a grayscale type (1 or 4), this is not done and is ignored. If enabling this,
   a palette must be present in the info_png.
   NOTE: enabling this may worsen compression if auto_convert is used to choose
@@ -854,7 +945,17 @@ void lodepng_encoder_settings_init(LodePNGEncoderSettings* settings);
 
 
 #if defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER) || defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_ENCODER)
-/*The settings, state and information for extended encoding and decoding.*/
+/*The settings, state and information for extended encoding and decoding.
+
+Using this struct requires using lodepng_state_init to initialize it
+and using lodepng_state_cleanup to deconstruct it. If using C++, you can
+use lodepng::State instead which does those things automatically with RAII.
+
+While a LodePNGState can be reused once in a chain of lodepng_decode followed by
+lodepng_encode, it's not recommended to reuse it for multiple encode, decode
+or inspect calls, and if any such function returns an error code, the
+LodePNGState should not be reused at all as it can be in an unexpected state..
+*/
 typedef struct LodePNGState {
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER
   LodePNGDecoderSettings decoder; /*the decoding settings*/
@@ -864,13 +965,15 @@ typedef struct LodePNGState {
 #endif /*LODEPNG_COMPILE_ENCODER*/
   LodePNGColorMode info_raw; /*specifies the format in which you would like to get the raw pixel buffer*/
   LodePNGInfo info_png; /*info of the PNG image obtained after decoding*/
-  unsigned error;
+  unsigned error; /*deprecated, use the return value of the encode/decode functions to check errors instead*/
 } LodePNGState;
 
 /*init, cleanup and copy functions to use with this struct*/
 void lodepng_state_init(LodePNGState* state);
+/*destructs the LodePNGState and brings it to invalid state, requiring lodepng_info_init again before reusing it*/
 void lodepng_state_cleanup(LodePNGState* state);
-void lodepng_state_copy(LodePNGState* dest, const LodePNGState* source);
+/*return value is error code (0 means no error)*/
+unsigned lodepng_state_copy(LodePNGState* dest, const LodePNGState* source);
 #endif /* defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER) || defined(LODEPNG_COMPILE_ENCODER) */
 
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_DECODER
@@ -999,7 +1102,7 @@ unsigned lodepng_chunk_append(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, const unsign
 Appends new chunk to out. The chunk to append is given by giving its length, type
 and data separately. The type is a 4-letter string.
 The out variable and outsize are updated to reflect the new reallocated buffer.
-Returne error code (0 if it went ok)
+Returns error code (0 if it went ok)
 */
 unsigned lodepng_chunk_create(unsigned char** out, size_t* outsize, size_t length,
                               const char* type, const unsigned char* data);
@@ -1093,6 +1196,8 @@ unsigned lodepng_save_file(const unsigned char* buffer, size_t buffersize, const
 /* The LodePNG C++ wrapper uses std::vectors instead of manually allocated memory buffers. */
 namespace lodepng {
 #ifdef LODEPNG_COMPILE_PNG
+/* Wrapper around LodePNGState, which automatically calls lodepng_state_init in the constructor
+and lodepng_state_cleanup in the desctructor.*/
 class State : public LodePNGState {
   public:
     State();
@@ -1172,7 +1277,8 @@ unsigned compress(std::vector<unsigned char>& out, const std::vector<unsigned ch
 [.] check compatibility with various compilers  - done but needs to be redone for every newer version
 [X] converting color to 16-bit per channel types
 [X] support color profile chunk types (but never let them touch RGB values by default)
-[ ] support all public PNG chunk types (almost done except sPLT and hIST)
+[ ] support all second edition public PNG chunk types (almost done except sPLT and hIST)
+[X] support non-animation third edition public PNG chunk types: eXIf, cICP, mDCV, cLLI
 [ ] make sure encoder generates no chunks with size > (2^31)-1
 [ ] partial decoding (stream processing)
 [X] let the "isFullyOpaque" function check color keys and transparent palettes too
@@ -1874,7 +1980,7 @@ state.decoder.remember_unknown_chunks: whether to read in unknown chunks
 state.info_raw.colortype: desired color type for decoded image
 state.info_raw.bitdepth: desired bit depth for decoded image
 state.info_raw....: more color settings, see struct LodePNGColorMode
-state.info_png....: no settings for decoder but ouput, see struct LodePNGInfo
+state.info_png....: no settings for decoder but output, see struct LodePNGInfo
 
 For encoding:
 
@@ -1912,13 +2018,21 @@ symbol.
 Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
 https://github.com/lvandeve/lodepng
 
+*) 6 may 2025 (!): renamed mDCv to mDCV and cLLi to cLLI as per the recent
+   rename in the draft png third edition spec. Please note that as long as the
+   third edition is not finalized, backwards-incompatible changes to its
+   features are possible.
+*) 23 dec 2024: added support for the mDCv and cLLi chunks (for png third
+   edition spec)
+*) 22 dec 2024: added support for the cICP chunk (for png third edition spec)
+*) 15 dec 2024: added support for the eXIf chunk (for png third edition spec)
 *) 10 apr 2023: faster CRC32 implementation, but with larger lookup table.
 *) 13 jun 2022: added support for the sBIT chunk.
 *) 09 jan 2022: minor decoder speed improvements.
 *) 27 jun 2021: added warnings that file reading/writing functions don't support
    wide-character filenames (support for this is not planned, opening files is
    not the core part of PNG decoding/decoding and is platform dependent).
-*) 17 okt 2020: prevent decoding too large text/icc chunks by default.
+*) 17 oct 2020: prevent decoding too large text/icc chunks by default.
 *) 06 mar 2020: simplified some of the dynamic memory allocations.
 *) 12 jan 2020: (!) added 'end' argument to lodepng_chunk_next to allow correct
    overflow checks.
@@ -1940,7 +2054,7 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
 *) 09 apr 2016: Fixed colorkey usage detection, and better file loading (within
    the limits of pure C90).
 *) 08 dec 2015: Made load_file function return error if file can't be opened.
-*) 24 okt 2015: Bugfix with decoding to palette output.
+*) 24 oct 2015: Bugfix with decoding to palette output.
 *) 18 apr 2015: Boundary PM instead of just package-merge for faster encoding.
 *) 24 aug 2014: Moved to github
 *) 23 aug 2014: Reduced needless memory usage of decoder.
@@ -1954,8 +2068,8 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
     prefix for the custom allocators and made it possible with a new #define to
     use custom ones in your project without needing to change lodepng's code.
 *) 28 jan 2013: Bugfix with color key.
-*) 27 okt 2012: Tweaks in text chunk keyword length error handling.
-*) 8 okt 2012: (!) Added new filter strategy (entropy) and new auto color mode.
+*) 27 oct 2012: Tweaks in text chunk keyword length error handling.
+*) 8 oct 2012: (!) Added new filter strategy (entropy) and new auto color mode.
     (no palette). Better deflate tree encoding. New compression tweak settings.
     Faster color conversions while decoding. Some internal cleanups.
 *) 23 sep 2012: Reduced warnings in Visual Studio a little bit.
@@ -1971,7 +2085,7 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
 *) 6 nov 2011: (!) By default, the encoder now automatically chooses the best
     PNG color model and bit depth, based on the amount and type of colors of the
     raw image. For this, autoLeaveOutAlphaChannel replaced by auto_choose_color.
-*) 9 okt 2011: simpler hash chain implementation for the encoder.
+*) 9 oct 2011: simpler hash chain implementation for the encoder.
 *) 8 sep 2011: lz77 encoder lazy matching instead of greedy matching.
 *) 23 aug 2011: tweaked the zlib compression parameters after benchmarking.
     A bug with the PNG filtertype heuristic was fixed, so that it chooses much
@@ -1986,8 +2100,8 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
 *) 13 nov 2010: added LodePNG_InfoColor_hasPaletteAlpha and
     LodePNG_InfoColor_canHaveAlpha functions for convenience.
 *) 7 nov 2010: added LodePNG_error_text function to get error code description.
-*) 30 okt 2010: made decoding slightly faster
-*) 26 okt 2010: (!) changed some C function and struct names (more consistent).
+*) 30 oct 2010: made decoding slightly faster
+*) 26 oct 2010: (!) changed some C function and struct names (more consistent).
      Reorganized the documentation and the declaration order in the header.
 *) 08 aug 2010: only changed some comments and external samples.
 *) 05 jul 2010: fixed bug thanks to warnings in the new gcc version.
@@ -2046,8 +2160,8 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
     Removed some code duplication in the decoder. Fixed little bug in an example.
 *) 09 dec 2006: (!) Placed output parameters of public functions as first parameter.
     Fixed a bug of the decoder with 16-bit per color.
-*) 15 okt 2006: Changed documentation structure
-*) 09 okt 2006: Encoder class added. It encodes a valid PNG image from the
+*) 15 oct 2006: Changed documentation structure
+*) 09 oct 2006: Encoder class added. It encodes a valid PNG image from the
     given image buffer, however for now it's not compressed.
 *) 08 sep 2006: (!) Changed to interface with a Decoder class
 *) 30 jul 2006: (!) LodePNG_InfoPng , width and height are now retrieved in different
@@ -2071,19 +2185,4 @@ Not all changes are listed here, the commit history in github lists more:
 *) 22 apr 2006: Optimized and improved some code
 *) 07 sep 2005: (!) Changed to std::vector interface
 *) 12 aug 2005: Initial release (C++, decoder only)
-
-
-13. contact information
------------------------
-
-Feel free to contact me with suggestions, problems, comments, ... concerning
-LodePNG. If you encounter a PNG image that doesn't work properly with this
-decoder, feel free to send it and I'll use it to find and fix the problem.
-
-My email address is (puzzle the account and domain together with an @ symbol):
-Domain: gmail dot com.
-Account: lode dot vandevenne.
-
-
-Copyright (c) 2005-2022 Lode Vandevenne
 */
diff --git a/include/fmt/LICENSE b/include/fmt/LICENSE
deleted file mode 100644
index 1cd1ef9..0000000
--- a/include/fmt/LICENSE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and {fmt} contributors
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
-LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
-OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
---- Optional exception to the license ---
-
-As an exception, if, as a result of your compiling your source code, portions
-of this Software are embedded into a machine-executable object form of such
-source code, you may redistribute such embedded portions in such object form
-without including the above copyright and permission notices.
diff --git a/include/fmt/core.h b/include/fmt/core.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b51c140..0000000
--- a/include/fmt/core.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2969 +0,0 @@
-// Formatting library for C++ - the core API for char/UTF-8
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// For the license information refer to format.h.
-
-#ifndef FMT_CORE_H_
-#define FMT_CORE_H_
-
-#include <cstddef>  // std::byte
-#include <cstdio>   // std::FILE
-#include <cstring>  // std::strlen
-#include <iterator>
-#include <limits>
-#include <memory>  // std::addressof
-#include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
-
-// The fmt library version in the form major * 10000 + minor * 100 + patch.
-#define FMT_VERSION 100201
-
-#if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
-#  define FMT_CLANG_VERSION (__clang_major__ * 100 + __clang_minor__)
-#else
-#  define FMT_CLANG_VERSION 0
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && \
-    !defined(__NVCOMPILER)
-#  define FMT_GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__)
-#else
-#  define FMT_GCC_VERSION 0
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_GCC_PRAGMA
-// Workaround _Pragma bug https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=59884.
-#  if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 504
-#    define FMT_GCC_PRAGMA(arg) _Pragma(arg)
-#  else
-#    define FMT_GCC_PRAGMA(arg)
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __ICL
-#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION __ICL
-#elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION __INTEL_COMPILER
-#else
-#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION 0
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#  define FMT_MSC_VERSION _MSC_VER
-#  define FMT_MSC_WARNING(...) __pragma(warning(__VA_ARGS__))
-#else
-#  define FMT_MSC_VERSION 0
-#  define FMT_MSC_WARNING(...)
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _MSVC_LANG
-#  define FMT_CPLUSPLUS _MSVC_LANG
-#else
-#  define FMT_CPLUSPLUS __cplusplus
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __has_feature
-#  define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) __has_feature(x)
-#else
-#  define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) 0
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__has_include) || FMT_ICC_VERSION >= 1600 || FMT_MSC_VERSION > 1900
-#  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) __has_include(x)
-#else
-#  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) 0
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __has_cpp_attribute
-#  define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) __has_cpp_attribute(x)
-#else
-#  define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) 0
-#endif
-
-#define FMT_HAS_CPP14_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) \
-  (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L && FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute))
-
-#define FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) \
-  (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L && FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute))
-
-// Check if relaxed C++14 constexpr is supported.
-// GCC doesn't allow throw in constexpr until version 6 (bug 67371).
-#ifndef FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
-#  if (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_relaxed_constexpr) || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1912 || \
-       (FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 600 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L)) &&             \
-      !FMT_ICC_VERSION && (!defined(__NVCC__) || FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L)
-#    define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 1
-#  else
-#    define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 0
-#  endif
-#endif
-#if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
-#else
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR
-#endif
-
-#if (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L ||                                \
-     (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201709L && FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1002)) &&  \
-    ((!defined(_GLIBCXX_RELEASE) || _GLIBCXX_RELEASE >= 10) &&  \
-     (!defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION) || _LIBCPP_VERSION >= 10000) && \
-     (!FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1928)) &&          \
-    defined(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR20 constexpr
-#else
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR20
-#endif
-
-// Check if constexpr std::char_traits<>::{compare,length} are supported.
-#if defined(__GLIBCXX__)
-#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L && defined(_GLIBCXX_RELEASE) && \
-      _GLIBCXX_RELEASE >= 7  // GCC 7+ libstdc++ has _GLIBCXX_RELEASE.
-#    define FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS constexpr
-#  endif
-#elif defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION) && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L && \
-    _LIBCPP_VERSION >= 4000
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS constexpr
-#elif FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1914 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS constexpr
-#endif
-#ifndef FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS
-#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS
-#endif
-
-// Check if exceptions are disabled.
-#ifndef FMT_EXCEPTIONS
-#  if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)) || \
-      (FMT_MSC_VERSION && !_HAS_EXCEPTIONS)
-#    define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
-#  else
-#    define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 1
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-// Disable [[noreturn]] on MSVC/NVCC because of bogus unreachable code warnings.
-#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS && FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn) && !FMT_MSC_VERSION && \
-    !defined(__NVCC__)
-#  define FMT_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
-#else
-#  define FMT_NORETURN
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_NODISCARD
-#  if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard)
-#    define FMT_NODISCARD [[nodiscard]]
-#  else
-#    define FMT_NODISCARD
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_INLINE
-#  if FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
-#    define FMT_INLINE inline __attribute__((always_inline))
-#  else
-#    define FMT_INLINE inline
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#  define FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(It) \
-    using _Unchecked_type = It  // Mark iterator as checked.
-#else
-#  define FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(It) using unchecked_type = It
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-#  define FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE \
-    namespace fmt {           \
-    inline namespace v10 {
-#  define FMT_END_NAMESPACE \
-    }                       \
-    }
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_EXPORT
-#  define FMT_EXPORT
-#  define FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-#  define FMT_END_EXPORT
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
-#  define FMT_VISIBILITY(value) __attribute__((visibility(value)))
-#else
-#  define FMT_VISIBILITY(value)
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY) && defined(_WIN32)
-#  if defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT)
-#    define FMT_API __declspec(dllexport)
-#  elif defined(FMT_SHARED)
-#    define FMT_API __declspec(dllimport)
-#  endif
-#elif defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT) || defined(FMT_SHARED)
-#  define FMT_API FMT_VISIBILITY("default")
-#endif
-#ifndef FMT_API
-#  define FMT_API
-#endif
-
-// libc++ supports string_view in pre-c++17.
-#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<string_view>) && \
-    (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION))
-#  include <string_view>
-#  define FMT_USE_STRING_VIEW
-#elif FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("experimental/string_view") && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L
-#  include <experimental/string_view>
-#  define FMT_USE_EXPERIMENTAL_STRING_VIEW
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_UNICODE
-#  define FMT_UNICODE !FMT_MSC_VERSION
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_CONSTEVAL
-#  if ((FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1000 || FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 1101) && \
-       (!defined(__apple_build_version__) ||                     \
-        __apple_build_version__ >= 14000029L) &&                 \
-       FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L) ||                              \
-      (defined(__cpp_consteval) &&                               \
-       (!FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1929))
-// consteval is broken in MSVC before VS2019 version 16.10 and Apple clang
-// before 14.
-#    define FMT_CONSTEVAL consteval
-#    define FMT_HAS_CONSTEVAL
-#  else
-#    define FMT_CONSTEVAL
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-#  if defined(__cpp_nontype_template_args) &&                  \
-      ((FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 903 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201709L) || \
-       __cpp_nontype_template_args >= 201911L) &&              \
-      !defined(__NVCOMPILER) && !defined(__LCC__)
-#    define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 1
-#  else
-#    define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 0
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-// GCC < 5 requires this-> in decltype
-#ifndef FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS
-#  if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 500
-#    define FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS this->
-#  else
-#    define FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-// Enable minimal optimizations for more compact code in debug mode.
-FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC push_options")
-#if !defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && !defined(__NVCOMPILER) && !defined(__LCC__) && \
-    !defined(__CUDACC__)
-FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC optimize(\"Og\")")
-#endif
-
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-
-// Implementations of enable_if_t and other metafunctions for older systems.
-template <bool B, typename T = void>
-using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if<B, T>::type;
-template <bool B, typename T, typename F>
-using conditional_t = typename std::conditional<B, T, F>::type;
-template <bool B> using bool_constant = std::integral_constant<bool, B>;
-template <typename T>
-using remove_reference_t = typename std::remove_reference<T>::type;
-template <typename T>
-using remove_const_t = typename std::remove_const<T>::type;
-template <typename T>
-using remove_cvref_t = typename std::remove_cv<remove_reference_t<T>>::type;
-template <typename T> struct type_identity {
-  using type = T;
-};
-template <typename T> using type_identity_t = typename type_identity<T>::type;
-template <typename T>
-using underlying_t = typename std::underlying_type<T>::type;
-
-// Checks whether T is a container with contiguous storage.
-template <typename T> struct is_contiguous : std::false_type {};
-template <typename Char>
-struct is_contiguous<std::basic_string<Char>> : std::true_type {};
-
-struct monostate {
-  constexpr monostate() {}
-};
-
-// An enable_if helper to be used in template parameters which results in much
-// shorter symbols: https://godbolt.org/z/sWw4vP. Extra parentheses are needed
-// to workaround a bug in MSVC 2019 (see #1140 and #1186).
-#ifdef FMT_DOC
-#  define FMT_ENABLE_IF(...)
-#else
-#  define FMT_ENABLE_IF(...) fmt::enable_if_t<(__VA_ARGS__), int> = 0
-#endif
-
-// This is defined in core.h instead of format.h to avoid injecting in std.
-// It is a template to avoid undesirable implicit conversions to std::byte.
-#ifdef __cpp_lib_byte
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, std::byte>::value)>
-inline auto format_as(T b) -> unsigned char {
-  return static_cast<unsigned char>(b);
-}
-#endif
-
-namespace detail {
-// Suppresses "unused variable" warnings with the method described in
-// https://herbsutter.com/2009/10/18/mailbag-shutting-up-compiler-warnings/.
-// (void)var does not work on many Intel compilers.
-template <typename... T> FMT_CONSTEXPR void ignore_unused(const T&...) {}
-
-constexpr FMT_INLINE auto is_constant_evaluated(
-    bool default_value = false) noexcept -> bool {
-// Workaround for incompatibility between libstdc++ consteval-based
-// std::is_constant_evaluated() implementation and clang-14.
-// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/3247
-#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L && defined(_GLIBCXX_RELEASE) && \
-    _GLIBCXX_RELEASE >= 12 &&                                \
-    (FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 1400 && FMT_CLANG_VERSION < 1500)
-  ignore_unused(default_value);
-  return __builtin_is_constant_evaluated();
-#elif defined(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)
-  ignore_unused(default_value);
-  return std::is_constant_evaluated();
-#else
-  return default_value;
-#endif
-}
-
-// Suppresses "conditional expression is constant" warnings.
-template <typename T> constexpr FMT_INLINE auto const_check(T value) -> T {
-  return value;
-}
-
-FMT_NORETURN FMT_API void assert_fail(const char* file, int line,
-                                      const char* message);
-
-#ifndef FMT_ASSERT
-#  ifdef NDEBUG
-// FMT_ASSERT is not empty to avoid -Wempty-body.
-#    define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message) \
-      fmt::detail::ignore_unused((condition), (message))
-#  else
-#    define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message)                                    \
-      ((condition) /* void() fails with -Winvalid-constexpr on clang 4.0.1 */ \
-           ? (void)0                                                          \
-           : fmt::detail::assert_fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, (message)))
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#if defined(FMT_USE_STRING_VIEW)
-template <typename Char> using std_string_view = std::basic_string_view<Char>;
-#elif defined(FMT_USE_EXPERIMENTAL_STRING_VIEW)
-template <typename Char>
-using std_string_view = std::experimental::basic_string_view<Char>;
-#else
-template <typename T> struct std_string_view {};
-#endif
-
-#ifdef FMT_USE_INT128
-// Do nothing.
-#elif defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__) && !defined(__NVCC__) && \
-    !(FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VERSION)
-#  define FMT_USE_INT128 1
-using int128_opt = __int128_t;  // An optional native 128-bit integer.
-using uint128_opt = __uint128_t;
-template <typename T> inline auto convert_for_visit(T value) -> T {
-  return value;
-}
-#else
-#  define FMT_USE_INT128 0
-#endif
-#if !FMT_USE_INT128
-enum class int128_opt {};
-enum class uint128_opt {};
-// Reduce template instantiations.
-template <typename T> auto convert_for_visit(T) -> monostate { return {}; }
-#endif
-
-// Casts a nonnegative integer to unsigned.
-template <typename Int>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto to_unsigned(Int value) ->
-    typename std::make_unsigned<Int>::type {
-  FMT_ASSERT(std::is_unsigned<Int>::value || value >= 0, "negative value");
-  return static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<Int>::type>(value);
-}
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto is_utf8() -> bool {
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 4566) constexpr unsigned char section[] = "\u00A7";
-
-  // Avoid buggy sign extensions in MSVC's constant evaluation mode (#2297).
-  using uchar = unsigned char;
-  return FMT_UNICODE || (sizeof(section) == 3 && uchar(section[0]) == 0xC2 &&
-                         uchar(section[1]) == 0xA7);
-}
-}  // namespace detail
-
-/**
-  An implementation of ``std::basic_string_view`` for pre-C++17. It provides a
-  subset of the API. ``fmt::basic_string_view`` is used for format strings even
-  if ``std::string_view`` is available to prevent issues when a library is
-  compiled with a different ``-std`` option than the client code (which is not
-  recommended).
- */
-FMT_EXPORT
-template <typename Char> class basic_string_view {
- private:
-  const Char* data_;
-  size_t size_;
-
- public:
-  using value_type = Char;
-  using iterator = const Char*;
-
-  constexpr basic_string_view() noexcept : data_(nullptr), size_(0) {}
-
-  /** Constructs a string reference object from a C string and a size. */
-  constexpr basic_string_view(const Char* s, size_t count) noexcept
-      : data_(s), size_(count) {}
-
-  /**
-    \rst
-    Constructs a string reference object from a C string computing
-    the size with ``std::char_traits<Char>::length``.
-    \endrst
-   */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS
-  FMT_INLINE
-  basic_string_view(const Char* s)
-      : data_(s),
-        size_(detail::const_check(std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
-                                  !detail::is_constant_evaluated(true))
-                  ? std::strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s))
-                  : std::char_traits<Char>::length(s)) {}
-
-  /** Constructs a string reference from a ``std::basic_string`` object. */
-  template <typename Traits, typename Alloc>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(
-      const std::basic_string<Char, Traits, Alloc>& s) noexcept
-      : data_(s.data()), size_(s.size()) {}
-
-  template <typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<
-                                      S, detail::std_string_view<Char>>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(S s) noexcept
-      : data_(s.data()), size_(s.size()) {}
-
-  /** Returns a pointer to the string data. */
-  constexpr auto data() const noexcept -> const Char* { return data_; }
-
-  /** Returns the string size. */
-  constexpr auto size() const noexcept -> size_t { return size_; }
-
-  constexpr auto begin() const noexcept -> iterator { return data_; }
-  constexpr auto end() const noexcept -> iterator { return data_ + size_; }
-
-  constexpr auto operator[](size_t pos) const noexcept -> const Char& {
-    return data_[pos];
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void remove_prefix(size_t n) noexcept {
-    data_ += n;
-    size_ -= n;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS auto starts_with(
-      basic_string_view<Char> sv) const noexcept -> bool {
-    return size_ >= sv.size_ &&
-           std::char_traits<Char>::compare(data_, sv.data_, sv.size_) == 0;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS auto starts_with(Char c) const noexcept -> bool {
-    return size_ >= 1 && std::char_traits<Char>::eq(*data_, c);
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS auto starts_with(const Char* s) const -> bool {
-    return starts_with(basic_string_view<Char>(s));
-  }
-
-  // Lexicographically compare this string reference to other.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS auto compare(basic_string_view other) const -> int {
-    size_t str_size = size_ < other.size_ ? size_ : other.size_;
-    int result = std::char_traits<Char>::compare(data_, other.data_, str_size);
-    if (result == 0)
-      result = size_ == other.size_ ? 0 : (size_ < other.size_ ? -1 : 1);
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS friend auto operator==(basic_string_view lhs,
-                                                   basic_string_view rhs)
-      -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) == 0;
-  }
-  friend auto operator!=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) != 0;
-  }
-  friend auto operator<(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) < 0;
-  }
-  friend auto operator<=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) <= 0;
-  }
-  friend auto operator>(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) > 0;
-  }
-  friend auto operator>=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.compare(rhs) >= 0;
-  }
-};
-
-FMT_EXPORT
-using string_view = basic_string_view<char>;
-
-/** Specifies if ``T`` is a character type. Can be specialized by users. */
-FMT_EXPORT
-template <typename T> struct is_char : std::false_type {};
-template <> struct is_char<char> : std::true_type {};
-
-namespace detail {
-
-// A base class for compile-time strings.
-struct compile_string {};
-
-template <typename S>
-struct is_compile_string : std::is_base_of<compile_string, S> {};
-
-template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_char<Char>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE auto to_string_view(const Char* s) -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  return s;
-}
-template <typename Char, typename Traits, typename Alloc>
-inline auto to_string_view(const std::basic_string<Char, Traits, Alloc>& s)
-    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  return s;
-}
-template <typename Char>
-constexpr auto to_string_view(basic_string_view<Char> s)
-    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  return s;
-}
-template <typename Char,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_empty<std_string_view<Char>>::value)>
-inline auto to_string_view(std_string_view<Char> s) -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  return s;
-}
-template <typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compile_string<S>::value)>
-constexpr auto to_string_view(const S& s)
-    -> basic_string_view<typename S::char_type> {
-  return basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(s);
-}
-void to_string_view(...);
-
-// Specifies whether S is a string type convertible to fmt::basic_string_view.
-// It should be a constexpr function but MSVC 2017 fails to compile it in
-// enable_if and MSVC 2015 fails to compile it as an alias template.
-// ADL is intentionally disabled as to_string_view is not an extension point.
-template <typename S>
-struct is_string
-    : std::is_class<decltype(detail::to_string_view(std::declval<S>()))> {};
-
-template <typename S, typename = void> struct char_t_impl {};
-template <typename S> struct char_t_impl<S, enable_if_t<is_string<S>::value>> {
-  using result = decltype(to_string_view(std::declval<S>()));
-  using type = typename result::value_type;
-};
-
-enum class type {
-  none_type,
-  // Integer types should go first,
-  int_type,
-  uint_type,
-  long_long_type,
-  ulong_long_type,
-  int128_type,
-  uint128_type,
-  bool_type,
-  char_type,
-  last_integer_type = char_type,
-  // followed by floating-point types.
-  float_type,
-  double_type,
-  long_double_type,
-  last_numeric_type = long_double_type,
-  cstring_type,
-  string_type,
-  pointer_type,
-  custom_type
-};
-
-// Maps core type T to the corresponding type enum constant.
-template <typename T, typename Char>
-struct type_constant : std::integral_constant<type, type::custom_type> {};
-
-#define FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(Type, constant) \
-  template <typename Char>                \
-  struct type_constant<Type, Char>        \
-      : std::integral_constant<type, type::constant> {}
-
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(int, int_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(unsigned, uint_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(long long, long_long_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(unsigned long long, ulong_long_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(int128_opt, int128_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(uint128_opt, uint128_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(bool, bool_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(Char, char_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(float, float_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(double, double_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(long double, long_double_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(const Char*, cstring_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(basic_string_view<Char>, string_type);
-FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(const void*, pointer_type);
-
-constexpr auto is_integral_type(type t) -> bool {
-  return t > type::none_type && t <= type::last_integer_type;
-}
-constexpr auto is_arithmetic_type(type t) -> bool {
-  return t > type::none_type && t <= type::last_numeric_type;
-}
-
-constexpr auto set(type rhs) -> int { return 1 << static_cast<int>(rhs); }
-constexpr auto in(type t, int set) -> bool {
-  return ((set >> static_cast<int>(t)) & 1) != 0;
-}
-
-// Bitsets of types.
-enum {
-  sint_set =
-      set(type::int_type) | set(type::long_long_type) | set(type::int128_type),
-  uint_set = set(type::uint_type) | set(type::ulong_long_type) |
-             set(type::uint128_type),
-  bool_set = set(type::bool_type),
-  char_set = set(type::char_type),
-  float_set = set(type::float_type) | set(type::double_type) |
-              set(type::long_double_type),
-  string_set = set(type::string_type),
-  cstring_set = set(type::cstring_type),
-  pointer_set = set(type::pointer_type)
-};
-
-// DEPRECATED!
-FMT_NORETURN FMT_API void throw_format_error(const char* message);
-
-struct error_handler {
-  constexpr error_handler() = default;
-
-  // This function is intentionally not constexpr to give a compile-time error.
-  FMT_NORETURN void on_error(const char* message) {
-    throw_format_error(message);
-  }
-};
-}  // namespace detail
-
-/** Throws ``format_error`` with a given message. */
-using detail::throw_format_error;
-
-/** String's character type. */
-template <typename S> using char_t = typename detail::char_t_impl<S>::type;
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Parsing context consisting of a format string range being parsed and an
-  argument counter for automatic indexing.
-  You can use the ``format_parse_context`` type alias for ``char`` instead.
-  \endrst
- */
-FMT_EXPORT
-template <typename Char> class basic_format_parse_context {
- private:
-  basic_string_view<Char> format_str_;
-  int next_arg_id_;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void do_check_arg_id(int id);
-
- public:
-  using char_type = Char;
-  using iterator = const Char*;
-
-  explicit constexpr basic_format_parse_context(
-      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, int next_arg_id = 0)
-      : format_str_(format_str), next_arg_id_(next_arg_id) {}
-
-  /**
-    Returns an iterator to the beginning of the format string range being
-    parsed.
-   */
-  constexpr auto begin() const noexcept -> iterator {
-    return format_str_.begin();
-  }
-
-  /**
-    Returns an iterator past the end of the format string range being parsed.
-   */
-  constexpr auto end() const noexcept -> iterator { return format_str_.end(); }
-
-  /** Advances the begin iterator to ``it``. */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void advance_to(iterator it) {
-    format_str_.remove_prefix(detail::to_unsigned(it - begin()));
-  }
-
-  /**
-    Reports an error if using the manual argument indexing; otherwise returns
-    the next argument index and switches to the automatic indexing.
-   */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto next_arg_id() -> int {
-    if (next_arg_id_ < 0) {
-      detail::throw_format_error(
-          "cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
-      return 0;
-    }
-    int id = next_arg_id_++;
-    do_check_arg_id(id);
-    return id;
-  }
-
-  /**
-    Reports an error if using the automatic argument indexing; otherwise
-    switches to the manual indexing.
-   */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(int id) {
-    if (next_arg_id_ > 0) {
-      detail::throw_format_error(
-          "cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
-      return;
-    }
-    next_arg_id_ = -1;
-    do_check_arg_id(id);
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char>) {}
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_dynamic_spec(int arg_id);
-};
-
-FMT_EXPORT
-using format_parse_context = basic_format_parse_context<char>;
-
-namespace detail {
-// A parse context with extra data used only in compile-time checks.
-template <typename Char>
-class compile_parse_context : public basic_format_parse_context<Char> {
- private:
-  int num_args_;
-  const type* types_;
-  using base = basic_format_parse_context<Char>;
-
- public:
-  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR compile_parse_context(
-      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, int num_args, const type* types,
-      int next_arg_id = 0)
-      : base(format_str, next_arg_id), num_args_(num_args), types_(types) {}
-
-  constexpr auto num_args() const -> int { return num_args_; }
-  constexpr auto arg_type(int id) const -> type { return types_[id]; }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto next_arg_id() -> int {
-    int id = base::next_arg_id();
-    if (id >= num_args_) throw_format_error("argument not found");
-    return id;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(int id) {
-    base::check_arg_id(id);
-    if (id >= num_args_) throw_format_error("argument not found");
-  }
-  using base::check_arg_id;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_dynamic_spec(int arg_id) {
-    detail::ignore_unused(arg_id);
-#if !defined(__LCC__)
-    if (arg_id < num_args_ && types_ && !is_integral_type(types_[arg_id]))
-      throw_format_error("width/precision is not integer");
-#endif
-  }
-};
-
-// Extracts a reference to the container from back_insert_iterator.
-template <typename Container>
-inline auto get_container(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it)
-    -> Container& {
-  using base = std::back_insert_iterator<Container>;
-  struct accessor : base {
-    accessor(base b) : base(b) {}
-    using base::container;
-  };
-  return *accessor(it).container;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename InputIt, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto copy_str(InputIt begin, InputIt end, OutputIt out)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  while (begin != end) *out++ = static_cast<Char>(*begin++);
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename T, typename U,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(
-              std::is_same<remove_const_t<T>, U>::value&& is_char<U>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto copy_str(T* begin, T* end, U* out) -> U* {
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) return copy_str<Char, T*, U*>(begin, end, out);
-  auto size = to_unsigned(end - begin);
-  if (size > 0) memcpy(out, begin, size * sizeof(U));
-  return out + size;
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  A contiguous memory buffer with an optional growing ability. It is an internal
-  class and shouldn't be used directly, only via `~fmt::basic_memory_buffer`.
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename T> class buffer {
- private:
-  T* ptr_;
-  size_t size_;
-  size_t capacity_;
-
- protected:
-  // Don't initialize ptr_ since it is not accessed to save a few cycles.
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 26495)
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR buffer(size_t sz) noexcept : size_(sz), capacity_(sz) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 buffer(T* p = nullptr, size_t sz = 0, size_t cap = 0) noexcept
-      : ptr_(p), size_(sz), capacity_(cap) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 ~buffer() = default;
-  buffer(buffer&&) = default;
-
-  /** Sets the buffer data and capacity. */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set(T* buf_data, size_t buf_capacity) noexcept {
-    ptr_ = buf_data;
-    capacity_ = buf_capacity;
-  }
-
-  /** Increases the buffer capacity to hold at least *capacity* elements. */
-  // DEPRECATED!
-  virtual FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t capacity) = 0;
-
- public:
-  using value_type = T;
-  using const_reference = const T&;
-
-  buffer(const buffer&) = delete;
-  void operator=(const buffer&) = delete;
-
-  FMT_INLINE auto begin() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_; }
-  FMT_INLINE auto end() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_ + size_; }
-
-  FMT_INLINE auto begin() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_; }
-  FMT_INLINE auto end() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_ + size_; }
-
-  /** Returns the size of this buffer. */
-  constexpr auto size() const noexcept -> size_t { return size_; }
-
-  /** Returns the capacity of this buffer. */
-  constexpr auto capacity() const noexcept -> size_t { return capacity_; }
-
-  /** Returns a pointer to the buffer data (not null-terminated). */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto data() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto data() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_; }
-
-  /** Clears this buffer. */
-  void clear() { size_ = 0; }
-
-  // Tries resizing the buffer to contain *count* elements. If T is a POD type
-  // the new elements may not be initialized.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void try_resize(size_t count) {
-    try_reserve(count);
-    size_ = count <= capacity_ ? count : capacity_;
-  }
-
-  // Tries increasing the buffer capacity to *new_capacity*. It can increase the
-  // capacity by a smaller amount than requested but guarantees there is space
-  // for at least one additional element either by increasing the capacity or by
-  // flushing the buffer if it is full.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void try_reserve(size_t new_capacity) {
-    if (new_capacity > capacity_) grow(new_capacity);
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void push_back(const T& value) {
-    try_reserve(size_ + 1);
-    ptr_[size_++] = value;
-  }
-
-  /** Appends data to the end of the buffer. */
-  template <typename U> void append(const U* begin, const U* end);
-
-  template <typename Idx> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](Idx index) -> T& {
-    return ptr_[index];
-  }
-  template <typename Idx>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](Idx index) const -> const T& {
-    return ptr_[index];
-  }
-};
-
-struct buffer_traits {
-  explicit buffer_traits(size_t) {}
-  auto count() const -> size_t { return 0; }
-  auto limit(size_t size) -> size_t { return size; }
-};
-
-class fixed_buffer_traits {
- private:
-  size_t count_ = 0;
-  size_t limit_;
-
- public:
-  explicit fixed_buffer_traits(size_t limit) : limit_(limit) {}
-  auto count() const -> size_t { return count_; }
-  auto limit(size_t size) -> size_t {
-    size_t n = limit_ > count_ ? limit_ - count_ : 0;
-    count_ += size;
-    return size < n ? size : n;
-  }
-};
-
-// A buffer that writes to an output iterator when flushed.
-template <typename OutputIt, typename T, typename Traits = buffer_traits>
-class iterator_buffer final : public Traits, public buffer<T> {
- private:
-  OutputIt out_;
-  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
-  T data_[buffer_size];
-
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t) override {
-    if (this->size() == buffer_size) flush();
-  }
-
-  void flush() {
-    auto size = this->size();
-    this->clear();
-    out_ = copy_str<T>(data_, data_ + this->limit(size), out_);
-  }
-
- public:
-  explicit iterator_buffer(OutputIt out, size_t n = buffer_size)
-      : Traits(n), buffer<T>(data_, 0, buffer_size), out_(out) {}
-  iterator_buffer(iterator_buffer&& other)
-      : Traits(other), buffer<T>(data_, 0, buffer_size), out_(other.out_) {}
-  ~iterator_buffer() { flush(); }
-
-  auto out() -> OutputIt {
-    flush();
-    return out_;
-  }
-  auto count() const -> size_t { return Traits::count() + this->size(); }
-};
-
-template <typename T>
-class iterator_buffer<T*, T, fixed_buffer_traits> final
-    : public fixed_buffer_traits,
-      public buffer<T> {
- private:
-  T* out_;
-  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
-  T data_[buffer_size];
-
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t) override {
-    if (this->size() == this->capacity()) flush();
-  }
-
-  void flush() {
-    size_t n = this->limit(this->size());
-    if (this->data() == out_) {
-      out_ += n;
-      this->set(data_, buffer_size);
-    }
-    this->clear();
-  }
-
- public:
-  explicit iterator_buffer(T* out, size_t n = buffer_size)
-      : fixed_buffer_traits(n), buffer<T>(out, 0, n), out_(out) {}
-  iterator_buffer(iterator_buffer&& other)
-      : fixed_buffer_traits(other),
-        buffer<T>(std::move(other)),
-        out_(other.out_) {
-    if (this->data() != out_) {
-      this->set(data_, buffer_size);
-      this->clear();
-    }
-  }
-  ~iterator_buffer() { flush(); }
-
-  auto out() -> T* {
-    flush();
-    return out_;
-  }
-  auto count() const -> size_t {
-    return fixed_buffer_traits::count() + this->size();
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename T> class iterator_buffer<T*, T> final : public buffer<T> {
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t) override {}
-
- public:
-  explicit iterator_buffer(T* out, size_t = 0) : buffer<T>(out, 0, ~size_t()) {}
-
-  auto out() -> T* { return &*this->end(); }
-};
-
-// A buffer that writes to a container with the contiguous storage.
-template <typename Container>
-class iterator_buffer<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>,
-                      enable_if_t<is_contiguous<Container>::value,
-                                  typename Container::value_type>>
-    final : public buffer<typename Container::value_type> {
- private:
-  Container& container_;
-
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t capacity) override {
-    container_.resize(capacity);
-    this->set(&container_[0], capacity);
-  }
-
- public:
-  explicit iterator_buffer(Container& c)
-      : buffer<typename Container::value_type>(c.size()), container_(c) {}
-  explicit iterator_buffer(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> out, size_t = 0)
-      : iterator_buffer(get_container(out)) {}
-
-  auto out() -> std::back_insert_iterator<Container> {
-    return std::back_inserter(container_);
-  }
-};
-
-// A buffer that counts the number of code units written discarding the output.
-template <typename T = char> class counting_buffer final : public buffer<T> {
- private:
-  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
-  T data_[buffer_size];
-  size_t count_ = 0;
-
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t) override {
-    if (this->size() != buffer_size) return;
-    count_ += this->size();
-    this->clear();
-  }
-
- public:
-  counting_buffer() : buffer<T>(data_, 0, buffer_size) {}
-
-  auto count() -> size_t { return count_ + this->size(); }
-};
-}  // namespace detail
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR void basic_format_parse_context<Char>::do_check_arg_id(int id) {
-  // Argument id is only checked at compile-time during parsing because
-  // formatting has its own validation.
-  if (detail::is_constant_evaluated() &&
-      (!FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1200)) {
-    using context = detail::compile_parse_context<Char>;
-    if (id >= static_cast<context*>(this)->num_args())
-      detail::throw_format_error("argument not found");
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR void basic_format_parse_context<Char>::check_dynamic_spec(
-    int arg_id) {
-  if (detail::is_constant_evaluated() &&
-      (!FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1200)) {
-    using context = detail::compile_parse_context<Char>;
-    static_cast<context*>(this)->check_dynamic_spec(arg_id);
-  }
-}
-
-FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class basic_format_arg;
-FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class basic_format_args;
-FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class dynamic_format_arg_store;
-
-// A formatter for objects of type T.
-FMT_EXPORT
-template <typename T, typename Char = char, typename Enable = void>
-struct formatter {
-  // A deleted default constructor indicates a disabled formatter.
-  formatter() = delete;
-};
-
-// Specifies if T has an enabled formatter specialization. A type can be
-// formattable even if it doesn't have a formatter e.g. via a conversion.
-template <typename T, typename Context>
-using has_formatter =
-    std::is_constructible<typename Context::template formatter_type<T>>;
-
-// An output iterator that appends to a buffer.
-// It is used to reduce symbol sizes for the common case.
-class appender : public std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<char>> {
-  using base = std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<char>>;
-
- public:
-  using std::back_insert_iterator<detail::buffer<char>>::back_insert_iterator;
-  appender(base it) noexcept : base(it) {}
-  FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(appender);
-
-  auto operator++() noexcept -> appender& { return *this; }
-  auto operator++(int) noexcept -> appender { return *this; }
-};
-
-namespace detail {
-
-template <typename Context, typename T>
-constexpr auto has_const_formatter_impl(T*)
-    -> decltype(typename Context::template formatter_type<T>().format(
-                    std::declval<const T&>(), std::declval<Context&>()),
-                true) {
-  return true;
-}
-template <typename Context>
-constexpr auto has_const_formatter_impl(...) -> bool {
-  return false;
-}
-template <typename T, typename Context>
-constexpr auto has_const_formatter() -> bool {
-  return has_const_formatter_impl<Context>(static_cast<T*>(nullptr));
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-using buffer_appender = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, char>::value, appender,
-                                      std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<T>>>;
-
-// Maps an output iterator to a buffer.
-template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
-auto get_buffer(OutputIt out) -> iterator_buffer<OutputIt, T> {
-  return iterator_buffer<OutputIt, T>(out);
-}
-template <typename T, typename Buf,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_base_of<buffer<char>, Buf>::value)>
-auto get_buffer(std::back_insert_iterator<Buf> out) -> buffer<char>& {
-  return get_container(out);
-}
-
-template <typename Buf, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_INLINE auto get_iterator(Buf& buf, OutputIt) -> decltype(buf.out()) {
-  return buf.out();
-}
-template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
-auto get_iterator(buffer<T>&, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
-  return out;
-}
-
-struct view {};
-
-template <typename Char, typename T> struct named_arg : view {
-  const Char* name;
-  const T& value;
-  named_arg(const Char* n, const T& v) : name(n), value(v) {}
-};
-
-template <typename Char> struct named_arg_info {
-  const Char* name;
-  int id;
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char, size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS>
-struct arg_data {
-  // args_[0].named_args points to named_args_ to avoid bloating format_args.
-  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
-  T args_[1 + (NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1)];
-  named_arg_info<Char> named_args_[NUM_NAMED_ARGS];
-
-  template <typename... U>
-  arg_data(const U&... init) : args_{T(named_args_, NUM_NAMED_ARGS), init...} {}
-  arg_data(const arg_data& other) = delete;
-  auto args() const -> const T* { return args_ + 1; }
-  auto named_args() -> named_arg_info<Char>* { return named_args_; }
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char, size_t NUM_ARGS>
-struct arg_data<T, Char, NUM_ARGS, 0> {
-  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
-  T args_[NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1];
-
-  template <typename... U>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE arg_data(const U&... init) : args_{init...} {}
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto args() const -> const T* { return args_; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto named_args() -> std::nullptr_t {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename Char>
-inline void init_named_args(named_arg_info<Char>*, int, int) {}
-
-template <typename T> struct is_named_arg : std::false_type {};
-template <typename T> struct is_statically_named_arg : std::false_type {};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char>
-struct is_named_arg<named_arg<Char, T>> : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename Char, typename T, typename... Tail,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_named_arg<T>::value)>
-void init_named_args(named_arg_info<Char>* named_args, int arg_count,
-                     int named_arg_count, const T&, const Tail&... args) {
-  init_named_args(named_args, arg_count + 1, named_arg_count, args...);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename T, typename... Tail,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_named_arg<T>::value)>
-void init_named_args(named_arg_info<Char>* named_args, int arg_count,
-                     int named_arg_count, const T& arg, const Tail&... args) {
-  named_args[named_arg_count++] = {arg.name, arg_count};
-  init_named_args(named_args, arg_count + 1, named_arg_count, args...);
-}
-
-template <typename... Args>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE void init_named_args(std::nullptr_t, int, int,
-                                              const Args&...) {}
-
-template <bool B = false> constexpr auto count() -> size_t { return B ? 1 : 0; }
-template <bool B1, bool B2, bool... Tail> constexpr auto count() -> size_t {
-  return (B1 ? 1 : 0) + count<B2, Tail...>();
-}
-
-template <typename... Args> constexpr auto count_named_args() -> size_t {
-  return count<is_named_arg<Args>::value...>();
-}
-
-template <typename... Args>
-constexpr auto count_statically_named_args() -> size_t {
-  return count<is_statically_named_arg<Args>::value...>();
-}
-
-struct unformattable {};
-struct unformattable_char : unformattable {};
-struct unformattable_pointer : unformattable {};
-
-template <typename Char> struct string_value {
-  const Char* data;
-  size_t size;
-};
-
-template <typename Char> struct named_arg_value {
-  const named_arg_info<Char>* data;
-  size_t size;
-};
-
-template <typename Context> struct custom_value {
-  using parse_context = typename Context::parse_context_type;
-  void* value;
-  void (*format)(void* arg, parse_context& parse_ctx, Context& ctx);
-};
-
-// A formatting argument value.
-template <typename Context> class value {
- public:
-  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
-
-  union {
-    monostate no_value;
-    int int_value;
-    unsigned uint_value;
-    long long long_long_value;
-    unsigned long long ulong_long_value;
-    int128_opt int128_value;
-    uint128_opt uint128_value;
-    bool bool_value;
-    char_type char_value;
-    float float_value;
-    double double_value;
-    long double long_double_value;
-    const void* pointer;
-    string_value<char_type> string;
-    custom_value<Context> custom;
-    named_arg_value<char_type> named_args;
-  };
-
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value() : no_value() {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(int val) : int_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(unsigned val) : uint_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(long long val) : long_long_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(unsigned long long val) : ulong_long_value(val) {}
-  FMT_INLINE value(int128_opt val) : int128_value(val) {}
-  FMT_INLINE value(uint128_opt val) : uint128_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(float val) : float_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(double val) : double_value(val) {}
-  FMT_INLINE value(long double val) : long_double_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(bool val) : bool_value(val) {}
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE value(char_type val) : char_value(val) {}
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE value(const char_type* val) {
-    string.data = val;
-    if (is_constant_evaluated()) string.size = {};
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE value(basic_string_view<char_type> val) {
-    string.data = val.data();
-    string.size = val.size();
-  }
-  FMT_INLINE value(const void* val) : pointer(val) {}
-  FMT_INLINE value(const named_arg_info<char_type>* args, size_t size)
-      : named_args{args, size} {}
-
-  template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR20 FMT_INLINE value(T& val) {
-    using value_type = remove_const_t<T>;
-    custom.value = const_cast<value_type*>(std::addressof(val));
-    // Get the formatter type through the context to allow different contexts
-    // have different extension points, e.g. `formatter<T>` for `format` and
-    // `printf_formatter<T>` for `printf`.
-    custom.format = format_custom_arg<
-        value_type, typename Context::template formatter_type<value_type>>;
-  }
-  value(unformattable);
-  value(unformattable_char);
-  value(unformattable_pointer);
-
- private:
-  // Formats an argument of a custom type, such as a user-defined class.
-  template <typename T, typename Formatter>
-  static void format_custom_arg(void* arg,
-                                typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
-                                Context& ctx) {
-    auto f = Formatter();
-    parse_ctx.advance_to(f.parse(parse_ctx));
-    using qualified_type =
-        conditional_t<has_const_formatter<T, Context>(), const T, T>;
-    // Calling format through a mutable reference is deprecated.
-    ctx.advance_to(f.format(*static_cast<qualified_type*>(arg), ctx));
-  }
-};
-
-// To minimize the number of types we need to deal with, long is translated
-// either to int or to long long depending on its size.
-enum { long_short = sizeof(long) == sizeof(int) };
-using long_type = conditional_t<long_short, int, long long>;
-using ulong_type = conditional_t<long_short, unsigned, unsigned long long>;
-
-template <typename T> struct format_as_result {
-  template <typename U,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_enum<U>::value || std::is_class<U>::value)>
-  static auto map(U*) -> remove_cvref_t<decltype(format_as(std::declval<U>()))>;
-  static auto map(...) -> void;
-
-  using type = decltype(map(static_cast<T*>(nullptr)));
-};
-template <typename T> using format_as_t = typename format_as_result<T>::type;
-
-template <typename T>
-struct has_format_as
-    : bool_constant<!std::is_same<format_as_t<T>, void>::value> {};
-
-// Maps formatting arguments to core types.
-// arg_mapper reports errors by returning unformattable instead of using
-// static_assert because it's used in the is_formattable trait.
-template <typename Context> struct arg_mapper {
-  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(signed char val) -> int { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(unsigned char val) -> unsigned {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(short val) -> int { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(unsigned short val) -> unsigned {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(int val) -> int { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(unsigned val) -> unsigned { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(long val) -> long_type { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(unsigned long val) -> ulong_type {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(long long val) -> long long { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(unsigned long long val)
-      -> unsigned long long {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(int128_opt val) -> int128_opt {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(uint128_opt val) -> uint128_opt {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(bool val) -> bool { return val; }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, char>::value ||
-                                      std::is_same<T, char_type>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(T val) -> char_type {
-    return val;
-  }
-  template <typename T, enable_if_t<(std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value ||
-#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
-                                     std::is_same<T, char8_t>::value ||
-#endif
-                                     std::is_same<T, char16_t>::value ||
-                                     std::is_same<T, char32_t>::value) &&
-                                        !std::is_same<T, char_type>::value,
-                                    int> = 0>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(T) -> unformattable_char {
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(float val) -> float { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(double val) -> double { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(long double val) -> long double {
-    return val;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(char_type* val) -> const char_type* {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const char_type* val) -> const char_type* {
-    return val;
-  }
-  template <typename T,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_string<T>::value && !std::is_pointer<T>::value &&
-                          std::is_same<char_type, char_t<T>>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const T& val)
-      -> basic_string_view<char_type> {
-    return to_string_view(val);
-  }
-  template <typename T,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_string<T>::value && !std::is_pointer<T>::value &&
-                          !std::is_same<char_type, char_t<T>>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const T&) -> unformattable_char {
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(void* val) -> const void* { return val; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const void* val) -> const void* {
-    return val;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(std::nullptr_t val) -> const void* {
-    return val;
-  }
-
-  // Use SFINAE instead of a const T* parameter to avoid a conflict with the
-  // array overload.
-  template <
-      typename T,
-      FMT_ENABLE_IF(
-          std::is_pointer<T>::value || std::is_member_pointer<T>::value ||
-          std::is_function<typename std::remove_pointer<T>::type>::value ||
-          (std::is_array<T>::value &&
-           !std::is_convertible<T, const char_type*>::value))>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto map(const T&) -> unformattable_pointer {
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, std::size_t N,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const T (&values)[N]) -> const T (&)[N] {
-    return values;
-  }
-
-  // Only map owning types because mapping views can be unsafe.
-  template <typename T, typename U = format_as_t<T>,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_arithmetic<U>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const T& val)
-      -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS map(U())) {
-    return map(format_as(val));
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, typename U = remove_const_t<T>>
-  struct formattable : bool_constant<has_const_formatter<U, Context>() ||
-                                     (has_formatter<U, Context>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_const<T>::value)> {};
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(formattable<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto do_map(T& val) -> T& {
-    return val;
-  }
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!formattable<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto do_map(T&) -> unformattable {
-    return {};
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, typename U = remove_const_t<T>,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF((std::is_class<U>::value || std::is_enum<U>::value ||
-                           std::is_union<U>::value) &&
-                          !is_string<U>::value && !is_char<U>::value &&
-                          !is_named_arg<U>::value &&
-                          !std::is_arithmetic<format_as_t<U>>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(T& val)
-      -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS do_map(val)) {
-    return do_map(val);
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_named_arg<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto map(const T& named_arg)
-      -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS map(named_arg.value)) {
-    return map(named_arg.value);
-  }
-
-  auto map(...) -> unformattable { return {}; }
-};
-
-// A type constant after applying arg_mapper<Context>.
-template <typename T, typename Context>
-using mapped_type_constant =
-    type_constant<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(std::declval<const T&>())),
-                  typename Context::char_type>;
-
-enum { packed_arg_bits = 4 };
-// Maximum number of arguments with packed types.
-enum { max_packed_args = 62 / packed_arg_bits };
-enum : unsigned long long { is_unpacked_bit = 1ULL << 63 };
-enum : unsigned long long { has_named_args_bit = 1ULL << 62 };
-
-template <typename Char, typename InputIt>
-auto copy_str(InputIt begin, InputIt end, appender out) -> appender {
-  get_container(out).append(begin, end);
-  return out;
-}
-template <typename Char, typename InputIt>
-auto copy_str(InputIt begin, InputIt end,
-              std::back_insert_iterator<std::string> out)
-    -> std::back_insert_iterator<std::string> {
-  get_container(out).append(begin, end);
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename R, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto copy_str(R&& rng, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
-  return detail::copy_str<Char>(rng.begin(), rng.end(), out);
-}
-
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 500
-// A workaround for gcc 4.8 to make void_t work in a SFINAE context.
-template <typename...> struct void_t_impl {
-  using type = void;
-};
-template <typename... T> using void_t = typename void_t_impl<T...>::type;
-#else
-template <typename...> using void_t = void;
-#endif
-
-template <typename It, typename T, typename Enable = void>
-struct is_output_iterator : std::false_type {};
-
-template <typename It, typename T>
-struct is_output_iterator<
-    It, T,
-    void_t<typename std::iterator_traits<It>::iterator_category,
-           decltype(*std::declval<It>() = std::declval<T>())>>
-    : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename It> struct is_back_insert_iterator : std::false_type {};
-template <typename Container>
-struct is_back_insert_iterator<std::back_insert_iterator<Container>>
-    : std::true_type {};
-
-// A type-erased reference to an std::locale to avoid a heavy <locale> include.
-class locale_ref {
- private:
-  const void* locale_;  // A type-erased pointer to std::locale.
-
- public:
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE locale_ref() : locale_(nullptr) {}
-  template <typename Locale> explicit locale_ref(const Locale& loc);
-
-  explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return locale_ != nullptr; }
-
-  template <typename Locale> auto get() const -> Locale;
-};
-
-template <typename> constexpr auto encode_types() -> unsigned long long {
-  return 0;
-}
-
-template <typename Context, typename Arg, typename... Args>
-constexpr auto encode_types() -> unsigned long long {
-  return static_cast<unsigned>(mapped_type_constant<Arg, Context>::value) |
-         (encode_types<Context, Args...>() << packed_arg_bits);
-}
-
-#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
-// This type is intentionally undefined, only used for errors
-template <typename T, typename Char> struct type_is_unformattable_for;
-#endif
-
-template <bool PACKED, typename Context, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(PACKED)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto make_arg(T& val) -> value<Context> {
-  using arg_type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(val))>;
-
-  constexpr bool formattable_char =
-      !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable_char>::value;
-  static_assert(formattable_char, "Mixing character types is disallowed.");
-
-  // Formatting of arbitrary pointers is disallowed. If you want to format a
-  // pointer cast it to `void*` or `const void*`. In particular, this forbids
-  // formatting of `[const] volatile char*` printed as bool by iostreams.
-  constexpr bool formattable_pointer =
-      !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable_pointer>::value;
-  static_assert(formattable_pointer,
-                "Formatting of non-void pointers is disallowed.");
-
-  constexpr bool formattable = !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable>::value;
-#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
-  if constexpr (!formattable) {
-    type_is_unformattable_for<T, typename Context::char_type> _;
-  }
-#endif
-  static_assert(
-      formattable,
-      "Cannot format an argument. To make type T formattable provide a "
-      "formatter<T> specialization: https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#udt");
-  return {arg_mapper<Context>().map(val)};
-}
-
-template <typename Context, typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_arg(T& val) -> basic_format_arg<Context> {
-  auto arg = basic_format_arg<Context>();
-  arg.type_ = mapped_type_constant<T, Context>::value;
-  arg.value_ = make_arg<true, Context>(val);
-  return arg;
-}
-
-template <bool PACKED, typename Context, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!PACKED)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto make_arg(T& val) -> basic_format_arg<Context> {
-  return make_arg<Context>(val);
-}
-}  // namespace detail
-FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-
-// A formatting argument. Context is a template parameter for the compiled API
-// where output can be unbuffered.
-template <typename Context> class basic_format_arg {
- private:
-  detail::value<Context> value_;
-  detail::type type_;
-
-  template <typename ContextType, typename T>
-  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto detail::make_arg(T& value)
-      -> basic_format_arg<ContextType>;
-
-  template <typename Visitor, typename Ctx>
-  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto visit_format_arg(Visitor&& vis,
-                                             const basic_format_arg<Ctx>& arg)
-      -> decltype(vis(0));
-
-  friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
-  friend class dynamic_format_arg_store<Context>;
-
-  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
-
-  template <typename T, typename Char, size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS>
-  friend struct detail::arg_data;
-
-  basic_format_arg(const detail::named_arg_info<char_type>* args, size_t size)
-      : value_(args, size) {}
-
- public:
-  class handle {
-   public:
-    explicit handle(detail::custom_value<Context> custom) : custom_(custom) {}
-
-    void format(typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
-                Context& ctx) const {
-      custom_.format(custom_.value, parse_ctx, ctx);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    detail::custom_value<Context> custom_;
-  };
-
-  constexpr basic_format_arg() : type_(detail::type::none_type) {}
-
-  constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept {
-    return type_ != detail::type::none_type;
-  }
-
-  auto type() const -> detail::type { return type_; }
-
-  auto is_integral() const -> bool { return detail::is_integral_type(type_); }
-  auto is_arithmetic() const -> bool {
-    return detail::is_arithmetic_type(type_);
-  }
-
-  FMT_INLINE auto format_custom(const char_type* parse_begin,
-                                typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
-                                Context& ctx) -> bool {
-    if (type_ != detail::type::custom_type) return false;
-    parse_ctx.advance_to(parse_begin);
-    value_.custom.format(value_.custom.value, parse_ctx, ctx);
-    return true;
-  }
-};
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Visits an argument dispatching to the appropriate visit method based on
-  the argument type. For example, if the argument type is ``double`` then
-  ``vis(value)`` will be called with the value of type ``double``.
-  \endrst
- */
-// DEPRECATED!
-template <typename Visitor, typename Context>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto visit_format_arg(
-    Visitor&& vis, const basic_format_arg<Context>& arg) -> decltype(vis(0)) {
-  switch (arg.type_) {
-  case detail::type::none_type:
-    break;
-  case detail::type::int_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.int_value);
-  case detail::type::uint_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.uint_value);
-  case detail::type::long_long_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.long_long_value);
-  case detail::type::ulong_long_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.ulong_long_value);
-  case detail::type::int128_type:
-    return vis(detail::convert_for_visit(arg.value_.int128_value));
-  case detail::type::uint128_type:
-    return vis(detail::convert_for_visit(arg.value_.uint128_value));
-  case detail::type::bool_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.bool_value);
-  case detail::type::char_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.char_value);
-  case detail::type::float_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.float_value);
-  case detail::type::double_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.double_value);
-  case detail::type::long_double_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.long_double_value);
-  case detail::type::cstring_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.string.data);
-  case detail::type::string_type:
-    using sv = basic_string_view<typename Context::char_type>;
-    return vis(sv(arg.value_.string.data, arg.value_.string.size));
-  case detail::type::pointer_type:
-    return vis(arg.value_.pointer);
-  case detail::type::custom_type:
-    return vis(typename basic_format_arg<Context>::handle(arg.value_.custom));
-  }
-  return vis(monostate());
-}
-
-// Formatting context.
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class basic_format_context {
- private:
-  OutputIt out_;
-  basic_format_args<basic_format_context> args_;
-  detail::locale_ref loc_;
-
- public:
-  using iterator = OutputIt;
-  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<basic_format_context>;
-  using format_args = basic_format_args<basic_format_context>;
-  using parse_context_type = basic_format_parse_context<Char>;
-  template <typename T> using formatter_type = formatter<T, Char>;
-
-  /** The character type for the output. */
-  using char_type = Char;
-
-  basic_format_context(basic_format_context&&) = default;
-  basic_format_context(const basic_format_context&) = delete;
-  void operator=(const basic_format_context&) = delete;
-  /**
-    Constructs a ``basic_format_context`` object. References to the arguments
-    are stored in the object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
-   */
-  constexpr basic_format_context(OutputIt out, format_args ctx_args,
-                                 detail::locale_ref loc = {})
-      : out_(out), args_(ctx_args), loc_(loc) {}
-
-  constexpr auto arg(int id) const -> format_arg { return args_.get(id); }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto arg(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> format_arg {
-    return args_.get(name);
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
-    return args_.get_id(name);
-  }
-  auto args() const -> const format_args& { return args_; }
-
-  // DEPRECATED!
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto error_handler() -> detail::error_handler { return {}; }
-  void on_error(const char* message) { error_handler().on_error(message); }
-
-  // Returns an iterator to the beginning of the output range.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto out() -> iterator { return out_; }
-
-  // Advances the begin iterator to ``it``.
-  void advance_to(iterator it) {
-    if (!detail::is_back_insert_iterator<iterator>()) out_ = it;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto locale() -> detail::locale_ref { return loc_; }
-};
-
-template <typename Char>
-using buffer_context =
-    basic_format_context<detail::buffer_appender<Char>, Char>;
-using format_context = buffer_context<char>;
-
-template <typename T, typename Char = char>
-using is_formattable = bool_constant<!std::is_base_of<
-    detail::unformattable, decltype(detail::arg_mapper<buffer_context<Char>>()
-                                        .map(std::declval<T&>()))>::value>;
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  An array of references to arguments. It can be implicitly converted into
-  `~fmt::basic_format_args` for passing into type-erased formatting functions
-  such as `~fmt::vformat`.
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename Context, typename... Args>
-class format_arg_store
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
-    // Workaround a GCC template argument substitution bug.
-    : public basic_format_args<Context>
-#endif
-{
- private:
-  static const size_t num_args = sizeof...(Args);
-  static constexpr size_t num_named_args = detail::count_named_args<Args...>();
-  static const bool is_packed = num_args <= detail::max_packed_args;
-
-  using value_type = conditional_t<is_packed, detail::value<Context>,
-                                   basic_format_arg<Context>>;
-
-  detail::arg_data<value_type, typename Context::char_type, num_args,
-                   num_named_args>
-      data_;
-
-  friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
-
-  static constexpr unsigned long long desc =
-      (is_packed ? detail::encode_types<Context, Args...>()
-                 : detail::is_unpacked_bit | num_args) |
-      (num_named_args != 0
-           ? static_cast<unsigned long long>(detail::has_named_args_bit)
-           : 0);
-
- public:
-  template <typename... T>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE format_arg_store(T&... args)
-      :
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
-        basic_format_args<Context>(*this),
-#endif
-        data_{detail::make_arg<is_packed, Context>(args)...} {
-    if (detail::const_check(num_named_args != 0))
-      detail::init_named_args(data_.named_args(), 0, 0, args...);
-  }
-};
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Constructs a `~fmt::format_arg_store` object that contains references to
-  arguments and can be implicitly converted to `~fmt::format_args`. `Context`
-  can be omitted in which case it defaults to `~fmt::format_context`.
-  See `~fmt::arg` for lifetime considerations.
-  \endrst
- */
-// Arguments are taken by lvalue references to avoid some lifetime issues.
-template <typename Context = format_context, typename... T>
-constexpr auto make_format_args(T&... args)
-    -> format_arg_store<Context, remove_cvref_t<T>...> {
-  return {args...};
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Returns a named argument to be used in a formatting function.
-  It should only be used in a call to a formatting function or
-  `dynamic_format_arg_store::push_back`.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {s:.2f} seconds", fmt::arg("s", 1.23));
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename Char, typename T>
-inline auto arg(const Char* name, const T& arg) -> detail::named_arg<Char, T> {
-  static_assert(!detail::is_named_arg<T>(), "nested named arguments");
-  return {name, arg};
-}
-FMT_END_EXPORT
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  A view of a collection of formatting arguments. To avoid lifetime issues it
-  should only be used as a parameter type in type-erased functions such as
-  ``vformat``::
-
-    void vlog(string_view format_str, format_args args);  // OK
-    format_args args = make_format_args();  // Error: dangling reference
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename Context> class basic_format_args {
- public:
-  using size_type = int;
-  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<Context>;
-
- private:
-  // A descriptor that contains information about formatting arguments.
-  // If the number of arguments is less or equal to max_packed_args then
-  // argument types are passed in the descriptor. This reduces binary code size
-  // per formatting function call.
-  unsigned long long desc_;
-  union {
-    // If is_packed() returns true then argument values are stored in values_;
-    // otherwise they are stored in args_. This is done to improve cache
-    // locality and reduce compiled code size since storing larger objects
-    // may require more code (at least on x86-64) even if the same amount of
-    // data is actually copied to stack. It saves ~10% on the bloat test.
-    const detail::value<Context>* values_;
-    const format_arg* args_;
-  };
-
-  constexpr auto is_packed() const -> bool {
-    return (desc_ & detail::is_unpacked_bit) == 0;
-  }
-  auto has_named_args() const -> bool {
-    return (desc_ & detail::has_named_args_bit) != 0;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto type(int index) const -> detail::type {
-    int shift = index * detail::packed_arg_bits;
-    unsigned int mask = (1 << detail::packed_arg_bits) - 1;
-    return static_cast<detail::type>((desc_ >> shift) & mask);
-  }
-
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE basic_format_args(unsigned long long desc,
-                                         const detail::value<Context>* values)
-      : desc_(desc), values_(values) {}
-  constexpr basic_format_args(unsigned long long desc, const format_arg* args)
-      : desc_(desc), args_(args) {}
-
- public:
-  constexpr basic_format_args() : desc_(0), args_(nullptr) {}
-
-  /**
-   \rst
-   Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from `~fmt::format_arg_store`.
-   \endrst
-   */
-  template <typename... Args>
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE basic_format_args(
-      const format_arg_store<Context, Args...>& store)
-      : basic_format_args(format_arg_store<Context, Args...>::desc,
-                          store.data_.args()) {}
-
-  /**
-   \rst
-   Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from
-   `~fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store`.
-   \endrst
-   */
-  constexpr FMT_INLINE basic_format_args(
-      const dynamic_format_arg_store<Context>& store)
-      : basic_format_args(store.get_types(), store.data()) {}
-
-  /**
-   \rst
-   Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from a dynamic set of arguments.
-   \endrst
-   */
-  constexpr basic_format_args(const format_arg* args, int count)
-      : basic_format_args(detail::is_unpacked_bit | detail::to_unsigned(count),
-                          args) {}
-
-  /** Returns the argument with the specified id. */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get(int id) const -> format_arg {
-    format_arg arg;
-    if (!is_packed()) {
-      if (id < max_size()) arg = args_[id];
-      return arg;
-    }
-    if (id >= detail::max_packed_args) return arg;
-    arg.type_ = type(id);
-    if (arg.type_ == detail::type::none_type) return arg;
-    arg.value_ = values_[id];
-    return arg;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Char>
-  auto get(basic_string_view<Char> name) const -> format_arg {
-    int id = get_id(name);
-    return id >= 0 ? get(id) : format_arg();
-  }
-
-  template <typename Char>
-  auto get_id(basic_string_view<Char> name) const -> int {
-    if (!has_named_args()) return -1;
-    const auto& named_args =
-        (is_packed() ? values_[-1] : args_[-1].value_).named_args;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < named_args.size; ++i) {
-      if (named_args.data[i].name == name) return named_args.data[i].id;
-    }
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  auto max_size() const -> int {
-    unsigned long long max_packed = detail::max_packed_args;
-    return static_cast<int>(is_packed() ? max_packed
-                                        : desc_ & ~detail::is_unpacked_bit);
-  }
-};
-
-/** An alias to ``basic_format_args<format_context>``. */
-// A separate type would result in shorter symbols but break ABI compatibility
-// between clang and gcc on ARM (#1919).
-FMT_EXPORT using format_args = basic_format_args<format_context>;
-
-// We cannot use enum classes as bit fields because of a gcc bug, so we put them
-// in namespaces instead (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=61414).
-// Additionally, if an underlying type is specified, older gcc incorrectly warns
-// that the type is too small. Both bugs are fixed in gcc 9.3.
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 903
-#  define FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(type)
-#else
-#  define FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(type) : type
-#endif
-namespace align {
-enum type FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(unsigned char){none, left, right, center,
-                                                  numeric};
-}
-using align_t = align::type;
-namespace sign {
-enum type FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(unsigned char){none, minus, plus, space};
-}
-using sign_t = sign::type;
-
-namespace detail {
-
-// Workaround an array initialization issue in gcc 4.8.
-template <typename Char> struct fill_t {
- private:
-  enum { max_size = 4 };
-  Char data_[max_size] = {Char(' '), Char(0), Char(0), Char(0)};
-  unsigned char size_ = 1;
-
- public:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator=(basic_string_view<Char> s) {
-    auto size = s.size();
-    FMT_ASSERT(size <= max_size, "invalid fill");
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) data_[i] = s[i];
-    size_ = static_cast<unsigned char>(size);
-  }
-
-  constexpr auto size() const -> size_t { return size_; }
-  constexpr auto data() const -> const Char* { return data_; }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](size_t index) -> Char& { return data_[index]; }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](size_t index) const -> const Char& {
-    return data_[index];
-  }
-};
-}  // namespace detail
-
-enum class presentation_type : unsigned char {
-  none,
-  dec,             // 'd'
-  oct,             // 'o'
-  hex_lower,       // 'x'
-  hex_upper,       // 'X'
-  bin_lower,       // 'b'
-  bin_upper,       // 'B'
-  hexfloat_lower,  // 'a'
-  hexfloat_upper,  // 'A'
-  exp_lower,       // 'e'
-  exp_upper,       // 'E'
-  fixed_lower,     // 'f'
-  fixed_upper,     // 'F'
-  general_lower,   // 'g'
-  general_upper,   // 'G'
-  chr,             // 'c'
-  string,          // 's'
-  pointer,         // 'p'
-  debug            // '?'
-};
-
-// Format specifiers for built-in and string types.
-template <typename Char = char> struct format_specs {
-  int width;
-  int precision;
-  presentation_type type;
-  align_t align : 4;
-  sign_t sign : 3;
-  bool alt : 1;  // Alternate form ('#').
-  bool localized : 1;
-  detail::fill_t<Char> fill;
-
-  constexpr format_specs()
-      : width(0),
-        precision(-1),
-        type(presentation_type::none),
-        align(align::none),
-        sign(sign::none),
-        alt(false),
-        localized(false) {}
-};
-
-namespace detail {
-
-enum class arg_id_kind { none, index, name };
-
-// An argument reference.
-template <typename Char> struct arg_ref {
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref() : kind(arg_id_kind::none), val() {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit arg_ref(int index)
-      : kind(arg_id_kind::index), val(index) {}
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit arg_ref(basic_string_view<Char> name)
-      : kind(arg_id_kind::name), val(name) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator=(int idx) -> arg_ref& {
-    kind = arg_id_kind::index;
-    val.index = idx;
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  arg_id_kind kind;
-  union value {
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR value(int idx = 0) : index(idx) {}
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR value(basic_string_view<Char> n) : name(n) {}
-
-    int index;
-    basic_string_view<Char> name;
-  } val;
-};
-
-// Format specifiers with width and precision resolved at formatting rather
-// than parsing time to allow reusing the same parsed specifiers with
-// different sets of arguments (precompilation of format strings).
-template <typename Char = char>
-struct dynamic_format_specs : format_specs<Char> {
-  arg_ref<Char> width_ref;
-  arg_ref<Char> precision_ref;
-};
-
-// Converts a character to ASCII. Returns '\0' on conversion failure.
-template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<Char>::value)>
-constexpr auto to_ascii(Char c) -> char {
-  return c <= 0xff ? static_cast<char>(c) : '\0';
-}
-template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_enum<Char>::value)>
-constexpr auto to_ascii(Char c) -> char {
-  return c <= 0xff ? static_cast<char>(c) : '\0';
-}
-
-// Returns the number of code units in a code point or 1 on error.
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto code_point_length(const Char* begin) -> int {
-  if (const_check(sizeof(Char) != 1)) return 1;
-  auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(*begin);
-  return static_cast<int>((0x3a55000000000000ull >> (2 * (c >> 3))) & 0x3) + 1;
-}
-
-// Return the result via the out param to workaround gcc bug 77539.
-template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename T, typename Ptr = const T*>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto find(Ptr first, Ptr last, T value, Ptr& out) -> bool {
-  for (out = first; out != last; ++out) {
-    if (*out == value) return true;
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
-template <>
-inline auto find<false, char>(const char* first, const char* last, char value,
-                              const char*& out) -> bool {
-  out = static_cast<const char*>(
-      std::memchr(first, value, to_unsigned(last - first)));
-  return out != nullptr;
-}
-
-// Parses the range [begin, end) as an unsigned integer. This function assumes
-// that the range is non-empty and the first character is a digit.
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_nonnegative_int(const Char*& begin, const Char* end,
-                                         int error_value) noexcept -> int {
-  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end && '0' <= *begin && *begin <= '9', "");
-  unsigned value = 0, prev = 0;
-  auto p = begin;
-  do {
-    prev = value;
-    value = value * 10 + unsigned(*p - '0');
-    ++p;
-  } while (p != end && '0' <= *p && *p <= '9');
-  auto num_digits = p - begin;
-  begin = p;
-  if (num_digits <= std::numeric_limits<int>::digits10)
-    return static_cast<int>(value);
-  // Check for overflow.
-  const unsigned max = to_unsigned((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)());
-  return num_digits == std::numeric_limits<int>::digits10 + 1 &&
-                 prev * 10ull + unsigned(p[-1] - '0') <= max
-             ? static_cast<int>(value)
-             : error_value;
-}
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto parse_align(char c) -> align_t {
-  switch (c) {
-  case '<':
-    return align::left;
-  case '>':
-    return align::right;
-  case '^':
-    return align::center;
-  }
-  return align::none;
-}
-
-template <typename Char> constexpr auto is_name_start(Char c) -> bool {
-  return ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || c == '_';
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename Handler>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                                   Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
-  Char c = *begin;
-  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
-    int index = 0;
-    constexpr int max = (std::numeric_limits<int>::max)();
-    if (c != '0')
-      index = parse_nonnegative_int(begin, end, max);
-    else
-      ++begin;
-    if (begin == end || (*begin != '}' && *begin != ':'))
-      throw_format_error("invalid format string");
-    else
-      handler.on_index(index);
-    return begin;
-  }
-  if (!is_name_start(c)) {
-    throw_format_error("invalid format string");
-    return begin;
-  }
-  auto it = begin;
-  do {
-    ++it;
-  } while (it != end && (is_name_start(*it) || ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9')));
-  handler.on_name({begin, to_unsigned(it - begin)});
-  return it;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename Handler>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                                           Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
-  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
-  Char c = *begin;
-  if (c != '}' && c != ':') return do_parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
-  handler.on_auto();
-  return begin;
-}
-
-template <typename Char> struct dynamic_spec_id_handler {
-  basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx;
-  arg_ref<Char>& ref;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_auto() {
-    int id = ctx.next_arg_id();
-    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
-    ctx.check_dynamic_spec(id);
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_index(int id) {
-    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
-    ctx.check_arg_id(id);
-    ctx.check_dynamic_spec(id);
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) {
-    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
-    ctx.check_arg_id(id);
-  }
-};
-
-// Parses [integer | "{" [arg_id] "}"].
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_dynamic_spec(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                                      int& value, arg_ref<Char>& ref,
-                                      basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
-    -> const Char* {
-  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
-  if ('0' <= *begin && *begin <= '9') {
-    int val = parse_nonnegative_int(begin, end, -1);
-    if (val != -1)
-      value = val;
-    else
-      throw_format_error("number is too big");
-  } else if (*begin == '{') {
-    ++begin;
-    auto handler = dynamic_spec_id_handler<Char>{ctx, ref};
-    if (begin != end) begin = parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
-    if (begin != end && *begin == '}') return ++begin;
-    throw_format_error("invalid format string");
-  }
-  return begin;
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_precision(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                                   int& value, arg_ref<Char>& ref,
-                                   basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
-    -> const Char* {
-  ++begin;
-  if (begin == end || *begin == '}') {
-    throw_format_error("invalid precision");
-    return begin;
-  }
-  return parse_dynamic_spec(begin, end, value, ref, ctx);
-}
-
-enum class state { start, align, sign, hash, zero, width, precision, locale };
-
-// Parses standard format specifiers.
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto parse_format_specs(
-    const Char* begin, const Char* end, dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs,
-    basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx, type arg_type) -> const Char* {
-  auto c = '\0';
-  if (end - begin > 1) {
-    auto next = to_ascii(begin[1]);
-    c = parse_align(next) == align::none ? to_ascii(*begin) : '\0';
-  } else {
-    if (begin == end) return begin;
-    c = to_ascii(*begin);
-  }
-
-  struct {
-    state current_state = state::start;
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(state s, bool valid = true) {
-      if (current_state >= s || !valid)
-        throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-      current_state = s;
-    }
-  } enter_state;
-
-  using pres = presentation_type;
-  constexpr auto integral_set = sint_set | uint_set | bool_set | char_set;
-  struct {
-    const Char*& begin;
-    dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs;
-    type arg_type;
-
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(pres pres_type, int set) -> const Char* {
-      if (!in(arg_type, set)) {
-        if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-        throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-      }
-      specs.type = pres_type;
-      return begin + 1;
-    }
-  } parse_presentation_type{begin, specs, arg_type};
-
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (c) {
-    case '<':
-    case '>':
-    case '^':
-      enter_state(state::align);
-      specs.align = parse_align(c);
-      ++begin;
-      break;
-    case '+':
-    case '-':
-    case ' ':
-      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-      enter_state(state::sign, in(arg_type, sint_set | float_set));
-      switch (c) {
-      case '+':
-        specs.sign = sign::plus;
-        break;
-      case '-':
-        specs.sign = sign::minus;
-        break;
-      case ' ':
-        specs.sign = sign::space;
-        break;
-      }
-      ++begin;
-      break;
-    case '#':
-      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-      enter_state(state::hash, is_arithmetic_type(arg_type));
-      specs.alt = true;
-      ++begin;
-      break;
-    case '0':
-      enter_state(state::zero);
-      if (!is_arithmetic_type(arg_type)) {
-        if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-        throw_format_error("format specifier requires numeric argument");
-      }
-      if (specs.align == align::none) {
-        // Ignore 0 if align is specified for compatibility with std::format.
-        specs.align = align::numeric;
-        specs.fill[0] = Char('0');
-      }
-      ++begin;
-      break;
-    case '1':
-    case '2':
-    case '3':
-    case '4':
-    case '5':
-    case '6':
-    case '7':
-    case '8':
-    case '9':
-    case '{':
-      enter_state(state::width);
-      begin = parse_dynamic_spec(begin, end, specs.width, specs.width_ref, ctx);
-      break;
-    case '.':
-      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-      enter_state(state::precision,
-                  in(arg_type, float_set | string_set | cstring_set));
-      begin = parse_precision(begin, end, specs.precision, specs.precision_ref,
-                              ctx);
-      break;
-    case 'L':
-      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
-      enter_state(state::locale, is_arithmetic_type(arg_type));
-      specs.localized = true;
-      ++begin;
-      break;
-    case 'd':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::dec, integral_set);
-    case 'o':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::oct, integral_set);
-    case 'x':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hex_lower, integral_set);
-    case 'X':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hex_upper, integral_set);
-    case 'b':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::bin_lower, integral_set);
-    case 'B':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::bin_upper, integral_set);
-    case 'a':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hexfloat_lower, float_set);
-    case 'A':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hexfloat_upper, float_set);
-    case 'e':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::exp_lower, float_set);
-    case 'E':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::exp_upper, float_set);
-    case 'f':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::fixed_lower, float_set);
-    case 'F':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::fixed_upper, float_set);
-    case 'g':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::general_lower, float_set);
-    case 'G':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::general_upper, float_set);
-    case 'c':
-      if (arg_type == type::bool_type)
-        throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::chr, integral_set);
-    case 's':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::string,
-                                     bool_set | string_set | cstring_set);
-    case 'p':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::pointer, pointer_set | cstring_set);
-    case '?':
-      return parse_presentation_type(pres::debug,
-                                     char_set | string_set | cstring_set);
-    case '}':
-      return begin;
-    default: {
-      if (*begin == '}') return begin;
-      // Parse fill and alignment.
-      auto fill_end = begin + code_point_length(begin);
-      if (end - fill_end <= 0) {
-        throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-        return begin;
-      }
-      if (*begin == '{') {
-        throw_format_error("invalid fill character '{'");
-        return begin;
-      }
-      auto align = parse_align(to_ascii(*fill_end));
-      enter_state(state::align, align != align::none);
-      specs.fill = {begin, to_unsigned(fill_end - begin)};
-      specs.align = align;
-      begin = fill_end + 1;
-    }
-    }
-    if (begin == end) return begin;
-    c = to_ascii(*begin);
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename Handler>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_replacement_field(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                                           Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
-  struct id_adapter {
-    Handler& handler;
-    int arg_id;
-
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_auto() { arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(); }
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_index(int id) { arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(id); }
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) {
-      arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(id);
-    }
-  };
-
-  ++begin;
-  if (begin == end) return handler.on_error("invalid format string"), end;
-  if (*begin == '}') {
-    handler.on_replacement_field(handler.on_arg_id(), begin);
-  } else if (*begin == '{') {
-    handler.on_text(begin, begin + 1);
-  } else {
-    auto adapter = id_adapter{handler, 0};
-    begin = parse_arg_id(begin, end, adapter);
-    Char c = begin != end ? *begin : Char();
-    if (c == '}') {
-      handler.on_replacement_field(adapter.arg_id, begin);
-    } else if (c == ':') {
-      begin = handler.on_format_specs(adapter.arg_id, begin + 1, end);
-      if (begin == end || *begin != '}')
-        return handler.on_error("unknown format specifier"), end;
-    } else {
-      return handler.on_error("missing '}' in format string"), end;
-    }
-  }
-  return begin + 1;
-}
-
-template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename Char, typename Handler>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE void parse_format_string(
-    basic_string_view<Char> format_str, Handler&& handler) {
-  auto begin = format_str.data();
-  auto end = begin + format_str.size();
-  if (end - begin < 32) {
-    // Use a simple loop instead of memchr for small strings.
-    const Char* p = begin;
-    while (p != end) {
-      auto c = *p++;
-      if (c == '{') {
-        handler.on_text(begin, p - 1);
-        begin = p = parse_replacement_field(p - 1, end, handler);
-      } else if (c == '}') {
-        if (p == end || *p != '}')
-          return handler.on_error("unmatched '}' in format string");
-        handler.on_text(begin, p);
-        begin = ++p;
-      }
-    }
-    handler.on_text(begin, end);
-    return;
-  }
-  struct writer {
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(const Char* from, const Char* to) {
-      if (from == to) return;
-      for (;;) {
-        const Char* p = nullptr;
-        if (!find<IS_CONSTEXPR>(from, to, Char('}'), p))
-          return handler_.on_text(from, to);
-        ++p;
-        if (p == to || *p != '}')
-          return handler_.on_error("unmatched '}' in format string");
-        handler_.on_text(from, p);
-        from = p + 1;
-      }
-    }
-    Handler& handler_;
-  } write = {handler};
-  while (begin != end) {
-    // Doing two passes with memchr (one for '{' and another for '}') is up to
-    // 2.5x faster than the naive one-pass implementation on big format strings.
-    const Char* p = begin;
-    if (*begin != '{' && !find<IS_CONSTEXPR>(begin + 1, end, Char('{'), p))
-      return write(begin, end);
-    write(begin, p);
-    begin = parse_replacement_field(p, end, handler);
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename T, bool = is_named_arg<T>::value> struct strip_named_arg {
-  using type = T;
-};
-template <typename T> struct strip_named_arg<T, true> {
-  using type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(T::value)>;
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename ParseContext>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_format_specs(ParseContext& ctx)
-    -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
-  using char_type = typename ParseContext::char_type;
-  using context = buffer_context<char_type>;
-  using mapped_type = conditional_t<
-      mapped_type_constant<T, context>::value != type::custom_type,
-      decltype(arg_mapper<context>().map(std::declval<const T&>())),
-      typename strip_named_arg<T>::type>;
-#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
-  if constexpr (std::is_default_constructible<
-                    formatter<mapped_type, char_type>>::value) {
-    return formatter<mapped_type, char_type>().parse(ctx);
-  } else {
-    type_is_unformattable_for<T, char_type> _;
-    return ctx.begin();
-  }
-#else
-  return formatter<mapped_type, char_type>().parse(ctx);
-#endif
-}
-
-// Checks char specs and returns true iff the presentation type is char-like.
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto check_char_specs(const format_specs<Char>& specs) -> bool {
-  if (specs.type != presentation_type::none &&
-      specs.type != presentation_type::chr &&
-      specs.type != presentation_type::debug) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  if (specs.align == align::numeric || specs.sign != sign::none || specs.alt)
-    throw_format_error("invalid format specifier for char");
-  return true;
-}
-
-#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-template <int N, typename T, typename... Args, typename Char>
-constexpr auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
-  if constexpr (is_statically_named_arg<T>()) {
-    if (name == T::name) return N;
-  }
-  if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
-    return get_arg_index_by_name<N + 1, Args...>(name);
-  (void)name;  // Workaround an MSVC bug about "unused" parameter.
-  return -1;
-}
-#endif
-
-template <typename... Args, typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
-#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-  if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
-    return get_arg_index_by_name<0, Args...>(name);
-#endif
-  (void)name;
-  return -1;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename... Args> class format_string_checker {
- private:
-  using parse_context_type = compile_parse_context<Char>;
-  static constexpr int num_args = sizeof...(Args);
-
-  // Format specifier parsing function.
-  // In the future basic_format_parse_context will replace compile_parse_context
-  // here and will use is_constant_evaluated and downcasting to access the data
-  // needed for compile-time checks: https://godbolt.org/z/GvWzcTjh1.
-  using parse_func = const Char* (*)(parse_context_type&);
-
-  type types_[num_args > 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(num_args) : 1];
-  parse_context_type context_;
-  parse_func parse_funcs_[num_args > 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(num_args) : 1];
-
- public:
-  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR format_string_checker(basic_string_view<Char> fmt)
-      : types_{mapped_type_constant<Args, buffer_context<Char>>::value...},
-        context_(fmt, num_args, types_),
-        parse_funcs_{&parse_format_specs<Args, parse_context_type>...} {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char*, const Char*) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id() -> int { return context_.next_arg_id(); }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(int id) -> int {
-    return context_.check_arg_id(id), id;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> id) -> int {
-#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-    auto index = get_arg_index_by_name<Args...>(id);
-    if (index < 0) on_error("named argument is not found");
-    return index;
-#else
-    (void)id;
-    on_error("compile-time checks for named arguments require C++20 support");
-    return 0;
-#endif
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_replacement_field(int id, const Char* begin) {
-    on_format_specs(id, begin, begin);  // Call parse() on empty specs.
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_format_specs(int id, const Char* begin, const Char*)
-      -> const Char* {
-    context_.advance_to(begin);
-    // id >= 0 check is a workaround for gcc 10 bug (#2065).
-    return id >= 0 && id < num_args ? parse_funcs_[id](context_) : begin;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char* message) {
-    throw_format_error(message);
-  }
-};
-
-// Reports a compile-time error if S is not a valid format string.
-template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_compile_string<S>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE void check_format_string(const S&) {
-#ifdef FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING
-  static_assert(is_compile_string<S>::value,
-                "FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING requires all format strings to use "
-                "FMT_STRING.");
-#endif
-}
-template <typename... Args, typename S,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compile_string<S>::value)>
-void check_format_string(S format_str) {
-  using char_t = typename S::char_type;
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto s = basic_string_view<char_t>(format_str);
-  using checker = format_string_checker<char_t, remove_cvref_t<Args>...>;
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR bool error = (parse_format_string<true>(s, checker(s)), true);
-  ignore_unused(error);
-}
-
-template <typename Char = char> struct vformat_args {
-  using type = basic_format_args<
-      basic_format_context<std::back_insert_iterator<buffer<Char>>, Char>>;
-};
-template <> struct vformat_args<char> {
-  using type = format_args;
-};
-
-// Use vformat_args and avoid type_identity to keep symbols short.
-template <typename Char>
-void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
-                typename vformat_args<Char>::type args, locale_ref loc = {});
-
-FMT_API void vprint_mojibake(std::FILE*, string_view, format_args);
-#ifndef _WIN32
-inline void vprint_mojibake(std::FILE*, string_view, format_args) {}
-#endif
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-
-// A formatter specialization for natively supported types.
-template <typename T, typename Char>
-struct formatter<T, Char,
-                 enable_if_t<detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value !=
-                             detail::type::custom_type>> {
- private:
-  detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename ParseContext>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const Char* {
-    auto type = detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value;
-    auto end =
-        detail::parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx, type);
-    if (type == detail::type::char_type) detail::check_char_specs(specs_);
-    return end;
-  }
-
-  template <detail::type U = detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(U == detail::type::string_type ||
-                          U == detail::type::cstring_type ||
-                          U == detail::type::char_type)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_debug_format(bool set = true) {
-    specs_.type = set ? presentation_type::debug : presentation_type::none;
-  }
-
-  template <typename FormatContext>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const T& val, FormatContext& ctx) const
-      -> decltype(ctx.out());
-};
-
-template <typename Char = char> struct runtime_format_string {
-  basic_string_view<Char> str;
-};
-
-/** A compile-time format string. */
-template <typename Char, typename... Args> class basic_format_string {
- private:
-  basic_string_view<Char> str_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename S,
-            FMT_ENABLE_IF(
-                std::is_convertible<const S&, basic_string_view<Char>>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEVAL FMT_INLINE basic_format_string(const S& s) : str_(s) {
-    static_assert(
-        detail::count<
-            (std::is_base_of<detail::view, remove_reference_t<Args>>::value &&
-             std::is_reference<Args>::value)...>() == 0,
-        "passing views as lvalues is disallowed");
-#ifdef FMT_HAS_CONSTEVAL
-    if constexpr (detail::count_named_args<Args...>() ==
-                  detail::count_statically_named_args<Args...>()) {
-      using checker =
-          detail::format_string_checker<Char, remove_cvref_t<Args>...>;
-      detail::parse_format_string<true>(str_, checker(s));
-    }
-#else
-    detail::check_format_string<Args...>(s);
-#endif
-  }
-  basic_format_string(runtime_format_string<Char> fmt) : str_(fmt.str) {}
-
-  FMT_INLINE operator basic_string_view<Char>() const { return str_; }
-  FMT_INLINE auto get() const -> basic_string_view<Char> { return str_; }
-};
-
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
-// Workaround broken conversion on older gcc.
-template <typename...> using format_string = string_view;
-inline auto runtime(string_view s) -> string_view { return s; }
-#else
-template <typename... Args>
-using format_string = basic_format_string<char, type_identity_t<Args>...>;
-/**
-  \rst
-  Creates a runtime format string.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    // Check format string at runtime instead of compile-time.
-    fmt::print(fmt::runtime("{:d}"), "I am not a number");
-  \endrst
- */
-inline auto runtime(string_view s) -> runtime_format_string<> { return {{s}}; }
-#endif
-
-FMT_API auto vformat(string_view fmt, format_args args) -> std::string;
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and returns the result
-  as a string.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    #include <fmt/core.h>
-    std::string message = fmt::format("The answer is {}.", 42);
-  \endrst
-*/
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto format(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-    -> std::string {
-  return vformat(fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-/** Formats a string and writes the output to ``out``. */
-template <typename OutputIt,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
-auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, string_view fmt, format_args args) -> OutputIt {
-  auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<char>(out);
-  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, {});
-  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
-}
-
-/**
- \rst
- Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt``, writes the result to
- the output iterator ``out`` and returns the iterator past the end of the output
- range. `format_to` does not append a terminating null character.
-
- **Example**::
-
-   auto out = std::vector<char>();
-   fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "{}", 42);
- \endrst
- */
-template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE auto format_to(OutputIt out, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  return vformat_to(out, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt> struct format_to_n_result {
-  /** Iterator past the end of the output range. */
-  OutputIt out;
-  /** Total (not truncated) output size. */
-  size_t size;
-};
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
-auto vformat_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, string_view fmt, format_args args)
-    -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
-  using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
-  auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, char, traits>(out, n);
-  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, {});
-  return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt``, writes up to ``n``
-  characters of the result to the output iterator ``out`` and returns the total
-  (not truncated) output size and the iterator past the end of the output range.
-  `format_to_n` does not append a terminating null character.
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, format_string<T...> fmt,
-                            T&&... args) -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
-  return vformat_to_n(out, n, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-/** Returns the number of chars in the output of ``format(fmt, args...)``. */
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto formatted_size(format_string<T...> fmt,
-                                             T&&... args) -> size_t {
-  auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<>();
-  detail::vformat_to<char>(buf, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...), {});
-  return buf.count();
-}
-
-FMT_API void vprint(string_view fmt, format_args args);
-FMT_API void vprint(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args);
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and writes the output
-  to ``stdout``.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_INLINE void print(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
-  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
-  return detail::is_utf8() ? vprint(fmt, vargs)
-                           : detail::vprint_mojibake(stdout, fmt, vargs);
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and writes the
-  output to the file ``f``.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::print(stderr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_INLINE void print(std::FILE* f, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
-  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
-  return detail::is_utf8() ? vprint(f, fmt, vargs)
-                           : detail::vprint_mojibake(f, fmt, vargs);
-}
-
-/**
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and writes the
-  output to the file ``f`` followed by a newline.
- */
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_INLINE void println(std::FILE* f, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
-  return fmt::print(f, "{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
-}
-
-/**
-  Formats ``args`` according to specifications in ``fmt`` and writes the output
-  to ``stdout`` followed by a newline.
- */
-template <typename... T>
-FMT_INLINE void println(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
-  return fmt::println(stdout, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
-}
-
-FMT_END_EXPORT
-FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC pop_options")
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-
-#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-#  include "format.h"
-#endif
-#endif  // FMT_CORE_H_
diff --git a/include/fmt/format-inl.h b/include/fmt/format-inl.h
deleted file mode 100644
index efac5d1..0000000
--- a/include/fmt/format-inl.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1678 +0,0 @@
-// Formatting library for C++ - implementation
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// For the license information refer to format.h.
-
-#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
-#define FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cerrno>  // errno
-#include <climits>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <exception>
-
-#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-#  include <locale>
-#endif
-
-#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(FMT_WINDOWS_NO_WCHAR)
-#  include <io.h>  // _isatty
-#endif
-
-#include "format.h"
-
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-namespace detail {
-
-FMT_FUNC void assert_fail(const char* file, int line, const char* message) {
-  // Use unchecked std::fprintf to avoid triggering another assertion when
-  // writing to stderr fails
-  std::fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: assertion failed: %s", file, line, message);
-  // Chosen instead of std::abort to satisfy Clang in CUDA mode during device
-  // code pass.
-  std::terminate();
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void throw_format_error(const char* message) {
-  FMT_THROW(format_error(message));
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void format_error_code(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
-                                string_view message) noexcept {
-  // Report error code making sure that the output fits into
-  // inline_buffer_size to avoid dynamic memory allocation and potential
-  // bad_alloc.
-  out.try_resize(0);
-  static const char SEP[] = ": ";
-  static const char ERROR_STR[] = "error ";
-  // Subtract 2 to account for terminating null characters in SEP and ERROR_STR.
-  size_t error_code_size = sizeof(SEP) + sizeof(ERROR_STR) - 2;
-  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<int>>(error_code);
-  if (detail::is_negative(error_code)) {
-    abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
-    ++error_code_size;
-  }
-  error_code_size += detail::to_unsigned(detail::count_digits(abs_value));
-  auto it = buffer_appender<char>(out);
-  if (message.size() <= inline_buffer_size - error_code_size)
-    fmt::format_to(it, FMT_STRING("{}{}"), message, SEP);
-  fmt::format_to(it, FMT_STRING("{}{}"), ERROR_STR, error_code);
-  FMT_ASSERT(out.size() <= inline_buffer_size, "");
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void report_error(format_func func, int error_code,
-                           const char* message) noexcept {
-  memory_buffer full_message;
-  func(full_message, error_code, message);
-  // Don't use fwrite_fully because the latter may throw.
-  if (std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr) > 0)
-    std::fputc('\n', stderr);
-}
-
-// A wrapper around fwrite that throws on error.
-inline void fwrite_fully(const void* ptr, size_t count, FILE* stream) {
-  size_t written = std::fwrite(ptr, 1, count, stream);
-  if (written < count)
-    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
-}
-
-#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-template <typename Locale>
-locale_ref::locale_ref(const Locale& loc) : locale_(&loc) {
-  static_assert(std::is_same<Locale, std::locale>::value, "");
-}
-
-template <typename Locale> auto locale_ref::get() const -> Locale {
-  static_assert(std::is_same<Locale, std::locale>::value, "");
-  return locale_ ? *static_cast<const std::locale*>(locale_) : std::locale();
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_FUNC auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
-  auto& facet = std::use_facet<std::numpunct<Char>>(loc.get<std::locale>());
-  auto grouping = facet.grouping();
-  auto thousands_sep = grouping.empty() ? Char() : facet.thousands_sep();
-  return {std::move(grouping), thousands_sep};
-}
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_FUNC auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref loc) -> Char {
-  return std::use_facet<std::numpunct<Char>>(loc.get<std::locale>())
-      .decimal_point();
-}
-#else
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_FUNC auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
-  return {"\03", FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR};
-}
-template <typename Char> FMT_FUNC Char decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) {
-  return '.';
-}
-#endif
-
-FMT_FUNC auto write_loc(appender out, loc_value value,
-                        const format_specs<>& specs, locale_ref loc) -> bool {
-#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-  auto locale = loc.get<std::locale>();
-  // We cannot use the num_put<char> facet because it may produce output in
-  // a wrong encoding.
-  using facet = format_facet<std::locale>;
-  if (std::has_facet<facet>(locale))
-    return std::use_facet<facet>(locale).put(out, value, specs);
-  return facet(locale).put(out, value, specs);
-#endif
-  return false;
-}
-}  // namespace detail
-
-template <typename Locale> typename Locale::id format_facet<Locale>::id;
-
-#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-template <typename Locale> format_facet<Locale>::format_facet(Locale& loc) {
-  auto& numpunct = std::use_facet<std::numpunct<char>>(loc);
-  grouping_ = numpunct.grouping();
-  if (!grouping_.empty()) separator_ = std::string(1, numpunct.thousands_sep());
-}
-
-template <>
-FMT_API FMT_FUNC auto format_facet<std::locale>::do_put(
-    appender out, loc_value val, const format_specs<>& specs) const -> bool {
-  return val.visit(
-      detail::loc_writer<>{out, specs, separator_, grouping_, decimal_point_});
-}
-#endif
-
-FMT_FUNC auto vsystem_error(int error_code, string_view fmt, format_args args)
-    -> std::system_error {
-  auto ec = std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category());
-  return std::system_error(ec, vformat(fmt, args));
-}
-
-namespace detail {
-
-template <typename F>
-inline auto operator==(basic_fp<F> x, basic_fp<F> y) -> bool {
-  return x.f == y.f && x.e == y.e;
-}
-
-// Compilers should be able to optimize this into the ror instruction.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto rotr(uint32_t n, uint32_t r) noexcept -> uint32_t {
-  r &= 31;
-  return (n >> r) | (n << (32 - r));
-}
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto rotr(uint64_t n, uint32_t r) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-  r &= 63;
-  return (n >> r) | (n << (64 - r));
-}
-
-// Implementation of Dragonbox algorithm: https://github.com/jk-jeon/dragonbox.
-namespace dragonbox {
-// Computes upper 64 bits of multiplication of a 32-bit unsigned integer and a
-// 64-bit unsigned integer.
-inline auto umul96_upper64(uint32_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-  return umul128_upper64(static_cast<uint64_t>(x) << 32, y);
-}
-
-// Computes lower 128 bits of multiplication of a 64-bit unsigned integer and a
-// 128-bit unsigned integer.
-inline auto umul192_lower128(uint64_t x, uint128_fallback y) noexcept
-    -> uint128_fallback {
-  uint64_t high = x * y.high();
-  uint128_fallback high_low = umul128(x, y.low());
-  return {high + high_low.high(), high_low.low()};
-}
-
-// Computes lower 64 bits of multiplication of a 32-bit unsigned integer and a
-// 64-bit unsigned integer.
-inline auto umul96_lower64(uint32_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-  return x * y;
-}
-
-// Various fast log computations.
-inline auto floor_log10_pow2_minus_log10_4_over_3(int e) noexcept -> int {
-  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 2936 && e >= -2985, "too large exponent");
-  return (e * 631305 - 261663) >> 21;
-}
-
-FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr struct {
-  uint32_t divisor;
-  int shift_amount;
-} div_small_pow10_infos[] = {{10, 16}, {100, 16}};
-
-// Replaces n by floor(n / pow(10, N)) returning true if and only if n is
-// divisible by pow(10, N).
-// Precondition: n <= pow(10, N + 1).
-template <int N>
-auto check_divisibility_and_divide_by_pow10(uint32_t& n) noexcept -> bool {
-  // The numbers below are chosen such that:
-  //   1. floor(n/d) = floor(nm / 2^k) where d=10 or d=100,
-  //   2. nm mod 2^k < m if and only if n is divisible by d,
-  // where m is magic_number, k is shift_amount
-  // and d is divisor.
-  //
-  // Item 1 is a common technique of replacing division by a constant with
-  // multiplication, see e.g. "Division by Invariant Integers Using
-  // Multiplication" by Granlund and Montgomery (1994). magic_number (m) is set
-  // to ceil(2^k/d) for large enough k.
-  // The idea for item 2 originates from Schubfach.
-  constexpr auto info = div_small_pow10_infos[N - 1];
-  FMT_ASSERT(n <= info.divisor * 10, "n is too large");
-  constexpr uint32_t magic_number =
-      (1u << info.shift_amount) / info.divisor + 1;
-  n *= magic_number;
-  const uint32_t comparison_mask = (1u << info.shift_amount) - 1;
-  bool result = (n & comparison_mask) < magic_number;
-  n >>= info.shift_amount;
-  return result;
-}
-
-// Computes floor(n / pow(10, N)) for small n and N.
-// Precondition: n <= pow(10, N + 1).
-template <int N> auto small_division_by_pow10(uint32_t n) noexcept -> uint32_t {
-  constexpr auto info = div_small_pow10_infos[N - 1];
-  FMT_ASSERT(n <= info.divisor * 10, "n is too large");
-  constexpr uint32_t magic_number =
-      (1u << info.shift_amount) / info.divisor + 1;
-  return (n * magic_number) >> info.shift_amount;
-}
-
-// Computes floor(n / 10^(kappa + 1)) (float)
-inline auto divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(uint32_t n) noexcept -> uint32_t {
-  // 1374389535 = ceil(2^37/100)
-  return static_cast<uint32_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(n) * 1374389535) >> 37);
-}
-// Computes floor(n / 10^(kappa + 1)) (double)
-inline auto divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(uint64_t n) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-  // 2361183241434822607 = ceil(2^(64+7)/1000)
-  return umul128_upper64(n, 2361183241434822607ull) >> 7;
-}
-
-// Various subroutines using pow10 cache
-template <typename T> struct cache_accessor;
-
-template <> struct cache_accessor<float> {
-  using carrier_uint = float_info<float>::carrier_uint;
-  using cache_entry_type = uint64_t;
-
-  static auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-    FMT_ASSERT(k >= float_info<float>::min_k && k <= float_info<float>::max_k,
-               "k is out of range");
-    static constexpr const uint64_t pow10_significands[] = {
-        0x81ceb32c4b43fcf5, 0xa2425ff75e14fc32, 0xcad2f7f5359a3b3f,
-        0xfd87b5f28300ca0e, 0x9e74d1b791e07e49, 0xc612062576589ddb,
-        0xf79687aed3eec552, 0x9abe14cd44753b53, 0xc16d9a0095928a28,
-        0xf1c90080baf72cb2, 0x971da05074da7bef, 0xbce5086492111aeb,
-        0xec1e4a7db69561a6, 0x9392ee8e921d5d08, 0xb877aa3236a4b44a,
-        0xe69594bec44de15c, 0x901d7cf73ab0acda, 0xb424dc35095cd810,
-        0xe12e13424bb40e14, 0x8cbccc096f5088cc, 0xafebff0bcb24aaff,
-        0xdbe6fecebdedd5bf, 0x89705f4136b4a598, 0xabcc77118461cefd,
-        0xd6bf94d5e57a42bd, 0x8637bd05af6c69b6, 0xa7c5ac471b478424,
-        0xd1b71758e219652c, 0x83126e978d4fdf3c, 0xa3d70a3d70a3d70b,
-        0xcccccccccccccccd, 0x8000000000000000, 0xa000000000000000,
-        0xc800000000000000, 0xfa00000000000000, 0x9c40000000000000,
-        0xc350000000000000, 0xf424000000000000, 0x9896800000000000,
-        0xbebc200000000000, 0xee6b280000000000, 0x9502f90000000000,
-        0xba43b74000000000, 0xe8d4a51000000000, 0x9184e72a00000000,
-        0xb5e620f480000000, 0xe35fa931a0000000, 0x8e1bc9bf04000000,
-        0xb1a2bc2ec5000000, 0xde0b6b3a76400000, 0x8ac7230489e80000,
-        0xad78ebc5ac620000, 0xd8d726b7177a8000, 0x878678326eac9000,
-        0xa968163f0a57b400, 0xd3c21bcecceda100, 0x84595161401484a0,
-        0xa56fa5b99019a5c8, 0xcecb8f27f4200f3a, 0x813f3978f8940985,
-        0xa18f07d736b90be6, 0xc9f2c9cd04674edf, 0xfc6f7c4045812297,
-        0x9dc5ada82b70b59e, 0xc5371912364ce306, 0xf684df56c3e01bc7,
-        0x9a130b963a6c115d, 0xc097ce7bc90715b4, 0xf0bdc21abb48db21,
-        0x96769950b50d88f5, 0xbc143fa4e250eb32, 0xeb194f8e1ae525fe,
-        0x92efd1b8d0cf37bf, 0xb7abc627050305ae, 0xe596b7b0c643c71a,
-        0x8f7e32ce7bea5c70, 0xb35dbf821ae4f38c, 0xe0352f62a19e306f};
-    return pow10_significands[k - float_info<float>::min_k];
-  }
-
-  struct compute_mul_result {
-    carrier_uint result;
-    bool is_integer;
-  };
-  struct compute_mul_parity_result {
-    bool parity;
-    bool is_integer;
-  };
-
-  static auto compute_mul(carrier_uint u,
-                          const cache_entry_type& cache) noexcept
-      -> compute_mul_result {
-    auto r = umul96_upper64(u, cache);
-    return {static_cast<carrier_uint>(r >> 32),
-            static_cast<carrier_uint>(r) == 0};
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_delta(const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept
-      -> uint32_t {
-    return static_cast<uint32_t>(cache >> (64 - 1 - beta));
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_mul_parity(carrier_uint two_f,
-                                 const cache_entry_type& cache,
-                                 int beta) noexcept
-      -> compute_mul_parity_result {
-    FMT_ASSERT(beta >= 1, "");
-    FMT_ASSERT(beta < 64, "");
-
-    auto r = umul96_lower64(two_f, cache);
-    return {((r >> (64 - beta)) & 1) != 0,
-            static_cast<uint32_t>(r >> (32 - beta)) == 0};
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return static_cast<carrier_uint>(
-        (cache - (cache >> (num_significand_bits<float>() + 2))) >>
-        (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 1 - beta));
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return static_cast<carrier_uint>(
-        (cache + (cache >> (num_significand_bits<float>() + 1))) >>
-        (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 1 - beta));
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return (static_cast<carrier_uint>(
-                cache >> (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 2 - beta)) +
-            1) /
-           2;
-  }
-};
-
-template <> struct cache_accessor<double> {
-  using carrier_uint = float_info<double>::carrier_uint;
-  using cache_entry_type = uint128_fallback;
-
-  static auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
-    FMT_ASSERT(k >= float_info<double>::min_k && k <= float_info<double>::max_k,
-               "k is out of range");
-
-    static constexpr const uint128_fallback pow10_significands[] = {
-#if FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
-      {0xff77b1fcbebcdc4f, 0x25e8e89c13bb0f7b},
-      {0x9faacf3df73609b1, 0x77b191618c54e9ad},
-      {0xc795830d75038c1d, 0xd59df5b9ef6a2418},
-      {0xf97ae3d0d2446f25, 0x4b0573286b44ad1e},
-      {0x9becce62836ac577, 0x4ee367f9430aec33},
-      {0xc2e801fb244576d5, 0x229c41f793cda740},
-      {0xf3a20279ed56d48a, 0x6b43527578c11110},
-      {0x9845418c345644d6, 0x830a13896b78aaaa},
-      {0xbe5691ef416bd60c, 0x23cc986bc656d554},
-      {0xedec366b11c6cb8f, 0x2cbfbe86b7ec8aa9},
-      {0x94b3a202eb1c3f39, 0x7bf7d71432f3d6aa},
-      {0xb9e08a83a5e34f07, 0xdaf5ccd93fb0cc54},
-      {0xe858ad248f5c22c9, 0xd1b3400f8f9cff69},
-      {0x91376c36d99995be, 0x23100809b9c21fa2},
-      {0xb58547448ffffb2d, 0xabd40a0c2832a78b},
-      {0xe2e69915b3fff9f9, 0x16c90c8f323f516d},
-      {0x8dd01fad907ffc3b, 0xae3da7d97f6792e4},
-      {0xb1442798f49ffb4a, 0x99cd11cfdf41779d},
-      {0xdd95317f31c7fa1d, 0x40405643d711d584},
-      {0x8a7d3eef7f1cfc52, 0x482835ea666b2573},
-      {0xad1c8eab5ee43b66, 0xda3243650005eed0},
-      {0xd863b256369d4a40, 0x90bed43e40076a83},
-      {0x873e4f75e2224e68, 0x5a7744a6e804a292},
-      {0xa90de3535aaae202, 0x711515d0a205cb37},
-      {0xd3515c2831559a83, 0x0d5a5b44ca873e04},
-      {0x8412d9991ed58091, 0xe858790afe9486c3},
-      {0xa5178fff668ae0b6, 0x626e974dbe39a873},
-      {0xce5d73ff402d98e3, 0xfb0a3d212dc81290},
-      {0x80fa687f881c7f8e, 0x7ce66634bc9d0b9a},
-      {0xa139029f6a239f72, 0x1c1fffc1ebc44e81},
-      {0xc987434744ac874e, 0xa327ffb266b56221},
-      {0xfbe9141915d7a922, 0x4bf1ff9f0062baa9},
-      {0x9d71ac8fada6c9b5, 0x6f773fc3603db4aa},
-      {0xc4ce17b399107c22, 0xcb550fb4384d21d4},
-      {0xf6019da07f549b2b, 0x7e2a53a146606a49},
-      {0x99c102844f94e0fb, 0x2eda7444cbfc426e},
-      {0xc0314325637a1939, 0xfa911155fefb5309},
-      {0xf03d93eebc589f88, 0x793555ab7eba27cb},
-      {0x96267c7535b763b5, 0x4bc1558b2f3458df},
-      {0xbbb01b9283253ca2, 0x9eb1aaedfb016f17},
-      {0xea9c227723ee8bcb, 0x465e15a979c1cadd},
-      {0x92a1958a7675175f, 0x0bfacd89ec191eca},
-      {0xb749faed14125d36, 0xcef980ec671f667c},
-      {0xe51c79a85916f484, 0x82b7e12780e7401b},
-      {0x8f31cc0937ae58d2, 0xd1b2ecb8b0908811},
-      {0xb2fe3f0b8599ef07, 0x861fa7e6dcb4aa16},
-      {0xdfbdcece67006ac9, 0x67a791e093e1d49b},
-      {0x8bd6a141006042bd, 0xe0c8bb2c5c6d24e1},
-      {0xaecc49914078536d, 0x58fae9f773886e19},
-      {0xda7f5bf590966848, 0xaf39a475506a899f},
-      {0x888f99797a5e012d, 0x6d8406c952429604},
-      {0xaab37fd7d8f58178, 0xc8e5087ba6d33b84},
-      {0xd5605fcdcf32e1d6, 0xfb1e4a9a90880a65},
-      {0x855c3be0a17fcd26, 0x5cf2eea09a550680},
-      {0xa6b34ad8c9dfc06f, 0xf42faa48c0ea481f},
-      {0xd0601d8efc57b08b, 0xf13b94daf124da27},
-      {0x823c12795db6ce57, 0x76c53d08d6b70859},
-      {0xa2cb1717b52481ed, 0x54768c4b0c64ca6f},
-      {0xcb7ddcdda26da268, 0xa9942f5dcf7dfd0a},
-      {0xfe5d54150b090b02, 0xd3f93b35435d7c4d},
-      {0x9efa548d26e5a6e1, 0xc47bc5014a1a6db0},
-      {0xc6b8e9b0709f109a, 0x359ab6419ca1091c},
-      {0xf867241c8cc6d4c0, 0xc30163d203c94b63},
-      {0x9b407691d7fc44f8, 0x79e0de63425dcf1e},
-      {0xc21094364dfb5636, 0x985915fc12f542e5},
-      {0xf294b943e17a2bc4, 0x3e6f5b7b17b2939e},
-      {0x979cf3ca6cec5b5a, 0xa705992ceecf9c43},
-      {0xbd8430bd08277231, 0x50c6ff782a838354},
-      {0xece53cec4a314ebd, 0xa4f8bf5635246429},
-      {0x940f4613ae5ed136, 0x871b7795e136be9a},
-      {0xb913179899f68584, 0x28e2557b59846e40},
-      {0xe757dd7ec07426e5, 0x331aeada2fe589d0},
-      {0x9096ea6f3848984f, 0x3ff0d2c85def7622},
-      {0xb4bca50b065abe63, 0x0fed077a756b53aa},
-      {0xe1ebce4dc7f16dfb, 0xd3e8495912c62895},
-      {0x8d3360f09cf6e4bd, 0x64712dd7abbbd95d},
-      {0xb080392cc4349dec, 0xbd8d794d96aacfb4},
-      {0xdca04777f541c567, 0xecf0d7a0fc5583a1},
-      {0x89e42caaf9491b60, 0xf41686c49db57245},
-      {0xac5d37d5b79b6239, 0x311c2875c522ced6},
-      {0xd77485cb25823ac7, 0x7d633293366b828c},
-      {0x86a8d39ef77164bc, 0xae5dff9c02033198},
-      {0xa8530886b54dbdeb, 0xd9f57f830283fdfd},
-      {0xd267caa862a12d66, 0xd072df63c324fd7c},
-      {0x8380dea93da4bc60, 0x4247cb9e59f71e6e},
-      {0xa46116538d0deb78, 0x52d9be85f074e609},
-      {0xcd795be870516656, 0x67902e276c921f8c},
-      {0x806bd9714632dff6, 0x00ba1cd8a3db53b7},
-      {0xa086cfcd97bf97f3, 0x80e8a40eccd228a5},
-      {0xc8a883c0fdaf7df0, 0x6122cd128006b2ce},
-      {0xfad2a4b13d1b5d6c, 0x796b805720085f82},
-      {0x9cc3a6eec6311a63, 0xcbe3303674053bb1},
-      {0xc3f490aa77bd60fc, 0xbedbfc4411068a9d},
-      {0xf4f1b4d515acb93b, 0xee92fb5515482d45},
-      {0x991711052d8bf3c5, 0x751bdd152d4d1c4b},
-      {0xbf5cd54678eef0b6, 0xd262d45a78a0635e},
-      {0xef340a98172aace4, 0x86fb897116c87c35},
-      {0x9580869f0e7aac0e, 0xd45d35e6ae3d4da1},
-      {0xbae0a846d2195712, 0x8974836059cca10a},
-      {0xe998d258869facd7, 0x2bd1a438703fc94c},
-      {0x91ff83775423cc06, 0x7b6306a34627ddd0},
-      {0xb67f6455292cbf08, 0x1a3bc84c17b1d543},
-      {0xe41f3d6a7377eeca, 0x20caba5f1d9e4a94},
-      {0x8e938662882af53e, 0x547eb47b7282ee9d},
-      {0xb23867fb2a35b28d, 0xe99e619a4f23aa44},
-      {0xdec681f9f4c31f31, 0x6405fa00e2ec94d5},
-      {0x8b3c113c38f9f37e, 0xde83bc408dd3dd05},
-      {0xae0b158b4738705e, 0x9624ab50b148d446},
-      {0xd98ddaee19068c76, 0x3badd624dd9b0958},
-      {0x87f8a8d4cfa417c9, 0xe54ca5d70a80e5d7},
-      {0xa9f6d30a038d1dbc, 0x5e9fcf4ccd211f4d},
-      {0xd47487cc8470652b, 0x7647c32000696720},
-      {0x84c8d4dfd2c63f3b, 0x29ecd9f40041e074},
-      {0xa5fb0a17c777cf09, 0xf468107100525891},
-      {0xcf79cc9db955c2cc, 0x7182148d4066eeb5},
-      {0x81ac1fe293d599bf, 0xc6f14cd848405531},
-      {0xa21727db38cb002f, 0xb8ada00e5a506a7d},
-      {0xca9cf1d206fdc03b, 0xa6d90811f0e4851d},
-      {0xfd442e4688bd304a, 0x908f4a166d1da664},
-      {0x9e4a9cec15763e2e, 0x9a598e4e043287ff},
-      {0xc5dd44271ad3cdba, 0x40eff1e1853f29fe},
-      {0xf7549530e188c128, 0xd12bee59e68ef47d},
-      {0x9a94dd3e8cf578b9, 0x82bb74f8301958cf},
-      {0xc13a148e3032d6e7, 0xe36a52363c1faf02},
-      {0xf18899b1bc3f8ca1, 0xdc44e6c3cb279ac2},
-      {0x96f5600f15a7b7e5, 0x29ab103a5ef8c0ba},
-      {0xbcb2b812db11a5de, 0x7415d448f6b6f0e8},
-      {0xebdf661791d60f56, 0x111b495b3464ad22},
-      {0x936b9fcebb25c995, 0xcab10dd900beec35},
-      {0xb84687c269ef3bfb, 0x3d5d514f40eea743},
-      {0xe65829b3046b0afa, 0x0cb4a5a3112a5113},
-      {0x8ff71a0fe2c2e6dc, 0x47f0e785eaba72ac},
-      {0xb3f4e093db73a093, 0x59ed216765690f57},
-      {0xe0f218b8d25088b8, 0x306869c13ec3532d},
-      {0x8c974f7383725573, 0x1e414218c73a13fc},
-      {0xafbd2350644eeacf, 0xe5d1929ef90898fb},
-      {0xdbac6c247d62a583, 0xdf45f746b74abf3a},
-      {0x894bc396ce5da772, 0x6b8bba8c328eb784},
-      {0xab9eb47c81f5114f, 0x066ea92f3f326565},
-      {0xd686619ba27255a2, 0xc80a537b0efefebe},
-      {0x8613fd0145877585, 0xbd06742ce95f5f37},
-      {0xa798fc4196e952e7, 0x2c48113823b73705},
-      {0xd17f3b51fca3a7a0, 0xf75a15862ca504c6},
-      {0x82ef85133de648c4, 0x9a984d73dbe722fc},
-      {0xa3ab66580d5fdaf5, 0xc13e60d0d2e0ebbb},
-      {0xcc963fee10b7d1b3, 0x318df905079926a9},
-      {0xffbbcfe994e5c61f, 0xfdf17746497f7053},
-      {0x9fd561f1fd0f9bd3, 0xfeb6ea8bedefa634},
-      {0xc7caba6e7c5382c8, 0xfe64a52ee96b8fc1},
-      {0xf9bd690a1b68637b, 0x3dfdce7aa3c673b1},
-      {0x9c1661a651213e2d, 0x06bea10ca65c084f},
-      {0xc31bfa0fe5698db8, 0x486e494fcff30a63},
-      {0xf3e2f893dec3f126, 0x5a89dba3c3efccfb},
-      {0x986ddb5c6b3a76b7, 0xf89629465a75e01d},
-      {0xbe89523386091465, 0xf6bbb397f1135824},
-      {0xee2ba6c0678b597f, 0x746aa07ded582e2d},
-      {0x94db483840b717ef, 0xa8c2a44eb4571cdd},
-      {0xba121a4650e4ddeb, 0x92f34d62616ce414},
-      {0xe896a0d7e51e1566, 0x77b020baf9c81d18},
-      {0x915e2486ef32cd60, 0x0ace1474dc1d122f},
-      {0xb5b5ada8aaff80b8, 0x0d819992132456bb},
-      {0xe3231912d5bf60e6, 0x10e1fff697ed6c6a},
-      {0x8df5efabc5979c8f, 0xca8d3ffa1ef463c2},
-      {0xb1736b96b6fd83b3, 0xbd308ff8a6b17cb3},
-      {0xddd0467c64bce4a0, 0xac7cb3f6d05ddbdf},
-      {0x8aa22c0dbef60ee4, 0x6bcdf07a423aa96c},
-      {0xad4ab7112eb3929d, 0x86c16c98d2c953c7},
-      {0xd89d64d57a607744, 0xe871c7bf077ba8b8},
-      {0x87625f056c7c4a8b, 0x11471cd764ad4973},
-      {0xa93af6c6c79b5d2d, 0xd598e40d3dd89bd0},
-      {0xd389b47879823479, 0x4aff1d108d4ec2c4},
-      {0x843610cb4bf160cb, 0xcedf722a585139bb},
-      {0xa54394fe1eedb8fe, 0xc2974eb4ee658829},
-      {0xce947a3da6a9273e, 0x733d226229feea33},
-      {0x811ccc668829b887, 0x0806357d5a3f5260},
-      {0xa163ff802a3426a8, 0xca07c2dcb0cf26f8},
-      {0xc9bcff6034c13052, 0xfc89b393dd02f0b6},
-      {0xfc2c3f3841f17c67, 0xbbac2078d443ace3},
-      {0x9d9ba7832936edc0, 0xd54b944b84aa4c0e},
-      {0xc5029163f384a931, 0x0a9e795e65d4df12},
-      {0xf64335bcf065d37d, 0x4d4617b5ff4a16d6},
-      {0x99ea0196163fa42e, 0x504bced1bf8e4e46},
-      {0xc06481fb9bcf8d39, 0xe45ec2862f71e1d7},
-      {0xf07da27a82c37088, 0x5d767327bb4e5a4d},
-      {0x964e858c91ba2655, 0x3a6a07f8d510f870},
-      {0xbbe226efb628afea, 0x890489f70a55368c},
-      {0xeadab0aba3b2dbe5, 0x2b45ac74ccea842f},
-      {0x92c8ae6b464fc96f, 0x3b0b8bc90012929e},
-      {0xb77ada0617e3bbcb, 0x09ce6ebb40173745},
-      {0xe55990879ddcaabd, 0xcc420a6a101d0516},
-      {0x8f57fa54c2a9eab6, 0x9fa946824a12232e},
-      {0xb32df8e9f3546564, 0x47939822dc96abfa},
-      {0xdff9772470297ebd, 0x59787e2b93bc56f8},
-      {0x8bfbea76c619ef36, 0x57eb4edb3c55b65b},
-      {0xaefae51477a06b03, 0xede622920b6b23f2},
-      {0xdab99e59958885c4, 0xe95fab368e45ecee},
-      {0x88b402f7fd75539b, 0x11dbcb0218ebb415},
-      {0xaae103b5fcd2a881, 0xd652bdc29f26a11a},
-      {0xd59944a37c0752a2, 0x4be76d3346f04960},
-      {0x857fcae62d8493a5, 0x6f70a4400c562ddc},
-      {0xa6dfbd9fb8e5b88e, 0xcb4ccd500f6bb953},
-      {0xd097ad07a71f26b2, 0x7e2000a41346a7a8},
-      {0x825ecc24c873782f, 0x8ed400668c0c28c9},
-      {0xa2f67f2dfa90563b, 0x728900802f0f32fb},
-      {0xcbb41ef979346bca, 0x4f2b40a03ad2ffba},
-      {0xfea126b7d78186bc, 0xe2f610c84987bfa9},
-      {0x9f24b832e6b0f436, 0x0dd9ca7d2df4d7ca},
-      {0xc6ede63fa05d3143, 0x91503d1c79720dbc},
-      {0xf8a95fcf88747d94, 0x75a44c6397ce912b},
-      {0x9b69dbe1b548ce7c, 0xc986afbe3ee11abb},
-      {0xc24452da229b021b, 0xfbe85badce996169},
-      {0xf2d56790ab41c2a2, 0xfae27299423fb9c4},
-      {0x97c560ba6b0919a5, 0xdccd879fc967d41b},
-      {0xbdb6b8e905cb600f, 0x5400e987bbc1c921},
-      {0xed246723473e3813, 0x290123e9aab23b69},
-      {0x9436c0760c86e30b, 0xf9a0b6720aaf6522},
-      {0xb94470938fa89bce, 0xf808e40e8d5b3e6a},
-      {0xe7958cb87392c2c2, 0xb60b1d1230b20e05},
-      {0x90bd77f3483bb9b9, 0xb1c6f22b5e6f48c3},
-      {0xb4ecd5f01a4aa828, 0x1e38aeb6360b1af4},
-      {0xe2280b6c20dd5232, 0x25c6da63c38de1b1},
-      {0x8d590723948a535f, 0x579c487e5a38ad0f},
-      {0xb0af48ec79ace837, 0x2d835a9df0c6d852},
-      {0xdcdb1b2798182244, 0xf8e431456cf88e66},
-      {0x8a08f0f8bf0f156b, 0x1b8e9ecb641b5900},
-      {0xac8b2d36eed2dac5, 0xe272467e3d222f40},
-      {0xd7adf884aa879177, 0x5b0ed81dcc6abb10},
-      {0x86ccbb52ea94baea, 0x98e947129fc2b4ea},
-      {0xa87fea27a539e9a5, 0x3f2398d747b36225},
-      {0xd29fe4b18e88640e, 0x8eec7f0d19a03aae},
-      {0x83a3eeeef9153e89, 0x1953cf68300424ad},
-      {0xa48ceaaab75a8e2b, 0x5fa8c3423c052dd8},
-      {0xcdb02555653131b6, 0x3792f412cb06794e},
-      {0x808e17555f3ebf11, 0xe2bbd88bbee40bd1},
-      {0xa0b19d2ab70e6ed6, 0x5b6aceaeae9d0ec5},
-      {0xc8de047564d20a8b, 0xf245825a5a445276},
-      {0xfb158592be068d2e, 0xeed6e2f0f0d56713},
-      {0x9ced737bb6c4183d, 0x55464dd69685606c},
-      {0xc428d05aa4751e4c, 0xaa97e14c3c26b887},
-      {0xf53304714d9265df, 0xd53dd99f4b3066a9},
-      {0x993fe2c6d07b7fab, 0xe546a8038efe402a},
-      {0xbf8fdb78849a5f96, 0xde98520472bdd034},
-      {0xef73d256a5c0f77c, 0x963e66858f6d4441},
-      {0x95a8637627989aad, 0xdde7001379a44aa9},
-      {0xbb127c53b17ec159, 0x5560c018580d5d53},
-      {0xe9d71b689dde71af, 0xaab8f01e6e10b4a7},
-      {0x9226712162ab070d, 0xcab3961304ca70e9},
-      {0xb6b00d69bb55c8d1, 0x3d607b97c5fd0d23},
-      {0xe45c10c42a2b3b05, 0x8cb89a7db77c506b},
-      {0x8eb98a7a9a5b04e3, 0x77f3608e92adb243},
-      {0xb267ed1940f1c61c, 0x55f038b237591ed4},
-      {0xdf01e85f912e37a3, 0x6b6c46dec52f6689},
-      {0x8b61313bbabce2c6, 0x2323ac4b3b3da016},
-      {0xae397d8aa96c1b77, 0xabec975e0a0d081b},
-      {0xd9c7dced53c72255, 0x96e7bd358c904a22},
-      {0x881cea14545c7575, 0x7e50d64177da2e55},
-      {0xaa242499697392d2, 0xdde50bd1d5d0b9ea},
-      {0xd4ad2dbfc3d07787, 0x955e4ec64b44e865},
-      {0x84ec3c97da624ab4, 0xbd5af13bef0b113f},
-      {0xa6274bbdd0fadd61, 0xecb1ad8aeacdd58f},
-      {0xcfb11ead453994ba, 0x67de18eda5814af3},
-      {0x81ceb32c4b43fcf4, 0x80eacf948770ced8},
-      {0xa2425ff75e14fc31, 0xa1258379a94d028e},
-      {0xcad2f7f5359a3b3e, 0x096ee45813a04331},
-      {0xfd87b5f28300ca0d, 0x8bca9d6e188853fd},
-      {0x9e74d1b791e07e48, 0x775ea264cf55347e},
-      {0xc612062576589dda, 0x95364afe032a819e},
-      {0xf79687aed3eec551, 0x3a83ddbd83f52205},
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-      {0xd01fef10a657842c, 0x2d2b7569b0432d86},
-      {0x8213f56a67f6b29b, 0x9c3b29620e29fc74},
-      {0xa298f2c501f45f42, 0x8349f3ba91b47b90},
-      {0xcb3f2f7642717713, 0x241c70a936219a74},
-      {0xfe0efb53d30dd4d7, 0xed238cd383aa0111},
-      {0x9ec95d1463e8a506, 0xf4363804324a40ab},
-      {0xc67bb4597ce2ce48, 0xb143c6053edcd0d6},
-      {0xf81aa16fdc1b81da, 0xdd94b7868e94050b},
-      {0x9b10a4e5e9913128, 0xca7cf2b4191c8327},
-      {0xc1d4ce1f63f57d72, 0xfd1c2f611f63a3f1},
-      {0xf24a01a73cf2dccf, 0xbc633b39673c8ced},
-      {0x976e41088617ca01, 0xd5be0503e085d814},
-      {0xbd49d14aa79dbc82, 0x4b2d8644d8a74e19},
-      {0xec9c459d51852ba2, 0xddf8e7d60ed1219f},
-      {0x93e1ab8252f33b45, 0xcabb90e5c942b504},
-      {0xb8da1662e7b00a17, 0x3d6a751f3b936244},
-      {0xe7109bfba19c0c9d, 0x0cc512670a783ad5},
-      {0x906a617d450187e2, 0x27fb2b80668b24c6},
-      {0xb484f9dc9641e9da, 0xb1f9f660802dedf7},
-      {0xe1a63853bbd26451, 0x5e7873f8a0396974},
-      {0x8d07e33455637eb2, 0xdb0b487b6423e1e9},
-      {0xb049dc016abc5e5f, 0x91ce1a9a3d2cda63},
-      {0xdc5c5301c56b75f7, 0x7641a140cc7810fc},
-      {0x89b9b3e11b6329ba, 0xa9e904c87fcb0a9e},
-      {0xac2820d9623bf429, 0x546345fa9fbdcd45},
-      {0xd732290fbacaf133, 0xa97c177947ad4096},
-      {0x867f59a9d4bed6c0, 0x49ed8eabcccc485e},
-      {0xa81f301449ee8c70, 0x5c68f256bfff5a75},
-      {0xd226fc195c6a2f8c, 0x73832eec6fff3112},
-      {0x83585d8fd9c25db7, 0xc831fd53c5ff7eac},
-      {0xa42e74f3d032f525, 0xba3e7ca8b77f5e56},
-      {0xcd3a1230c43fb26f, 0x28ce1bd2e55f35ec},
-      {0x80444b5e7aa7cf85, 0x7980d163cf5b81b4},
-      {0xa0555e361951c366, 0xd7e105bcc3326220},
-      {0xc86ab5c39fa63440, 0x8dd9472bf3fefaa8},
-      {0xfa856334878fc150, 0xb14f98f6f0feb952},
-      {0x9c935e00d4b9d8d2, 0x6ed1bf9a569f33d4},
-      {0xc3b8358109e84f07, 0x0a862f80ec4700c9},
-      {0xf4a642e14c6262c8, 0xcd27bb612758c0fb},
-      {0x98e7e9cccfbd7dbd, 0x8038d51cb897789d},
-      {0xbf21e44003acdd2c, 0xe0470a63e6bd56c4},
-      {0xeeea5d5004981478, 0x1858ccfce06cac75},
-      {0x95527a5202df0ccb, 0x0f37801e0c43ebc9},
-      {0xbaa718e68396cffd, 0xd30560258f54e6bb},
-      {0xe950df20247c83fd, 0x47c6b82ef32a206a},
-      {0x91d28b7416cdd27e, 0x4cdc331d57fa5442},
-      {0xb6472e511c81471d, 0xe0133fe4adf8e953},
-      {0xe3d8f9e563a198e5, 0x58180fddd97723a7},
-      {0x8e679c2f5e44ff8f, 0x570f09eaa7ea7649},
-      {0xb201833b35d63f73, 0x2cd2cc6551e513db},
-      {0xde81e40a034bcf4f, 0xf8077f7ea65e58d2},
-      {0x8b112e86420f6191, 0xfb04afaf27faf783},
-      {0xadd57a27d29339f6, 0x79c5db9af1f9b564},
-      {0xd94ad8b1c7380874, 0x18375281ae7822bd},
-      {0x87cec76f1c830548, 0x8f2293910d0b15b6},
-      {0xa9c2794ae3a3c69a, 0xb2eb3875504ddb23},
-      {0xd433179d9c8cb841, 0x5fa60692a46151ec},
-      {0x849feec281d7f328, 0xdbc7c41ba6bcd334},
-      {0xa5c7ea73224deff3, 0x12b9b522906c0801},
-      {0xcf39e50feae16bef, 0xd768226b34870a01},
-      {0x81842f29f2cce375, 0xe6a1158300d46641},
-      {0xa1e53af46f801c53, 0x60495ae3c1097fd1},
-      {0xca5e89b18b602368, 0x385bb19cb14bdfc5},
-      {0xfcf62c1dee382c42, 0x46729e03dd9ed7b6},
-      {0x9e19db92b4e31ba9, 0x6c07a2c26a8346d2},
-      {0xc5a05277621be293, 0xc7098b7305241886},
-      {0xf70867153aa2db38, 0xb8cbee4fc66d1ea8},
-      {0x9a65406d44a5c903, 0x737f74f1dc043329},
-      {0xc0fe908895cf3b44, 0x505f522e53053ff3},
-      {0xf13e34aabb430a15, 0x647726b9e7c68ff0},
-      {0x96c6e0eab509e64d, 0x5eca783430dc19f6},
-      {0xbc789925624c5fe0, 0xb67d16413d132073},
-      {0xeb96bf6ebadf77d8, 0xe41c5bd18c57e890},
-      {0x933e37a534cbaae7, 0x8e91b962f7b6f15a},
-      {0xb80dc58e81fe95a1, 0x723627bbb5a4adb1},
-      {0xe61136f2227e3b09, 0xcec3b1aaa30dd91d},
-      {0x8fcac257558ee4e6, 0x213a4f0aa5e8a7b2},
-      {0xb3bd72ed2af29e1f, 0xa988e2cd4f62d19e},
-      {0xe0accfa875af45a7, 0x93eb1b80a33b8606},
-      {0x8c6c01c9498d8b88, 0xbc72f130660533c4},
-      {0xaf87023b9bf0ee6a, 0xeb8fad7c7f8680b5},
-      {0xdb68c2ca82ed2a05, 0xa67398db9f6820e2},
-#else
-      {0xff77b1fcbebcdc4f, 0x25e8e89c13bb0f7b},
-      {0xce5d73ff402d98e3, 0xfb0a3d212dc81290},
-      {0xa6b34ad8c9dfc06f, 0xf42faa48c0ea481f},
-      {0x86a8d39ef77164bc, 0xae5dff9c02033198},
-      {0xd98ddaee19068c76, 0x3badd624dd9b0958},
-      {0xafbd2350644eeacf, 0xe5d1929ef90898fb},
-      {0x8df5efabc5979c8f, 0xca8d3ffa1ef463c2},
-      {0xe55990879ddcaabd, 0xcc420a6a101d0516},
-      {0xb94470938fa89bce, 0xf808e40e8d5b3e6a},
-      {0x95a8637627989aad, 0xdde7001379a44aa9},
-      {0xf1c90080baf72cb1, 0x5324c68b12dd6339},
-      {0xc350000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
-      {0x9dc5ada82b70b59d, 0xf020000000000000},
-      {0xfee50b7025c36a08, 0x02f236d04753d5b5},
-      {0xcde6fd5e09abcf26, 0xed4c0226b55e6f87},
-      {0xa6539930bf6bff45, 0x84db8346b786151d},
-      {0x865b86925b9bc5c2, 0x0b8a2392ba45a9b3},
-      {0xd910f7ff28069da4, 0x1b2ba1518094da05},
-      {0xaf58416654a6babb, 0x387ac8d1970027b3},
-      {0x8da471a9de737e24, 0x5ceaecfed289e5d3},
-      {0xe4d5e82392a40515, 0x0fabaf3feaa5334b},
-      {0xb8da1662e7b00a17, 0x3d6a751f3b936244},
-      {0x95527a5202df0ccb, 0x0f37801e0c43ebc9},
-      {0xf13e34aabb430a15, 0x647726b9e7c68ff0}
-#endif
-    };
-
-#if FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
-    return pow10_significands[k - float_info<double>::min_k];
-#else
-    static constexpr const uint64_t powers_of_5_64[] = {
-        0x0000000000000001, 0x0000000000000005, 0x0000000000000019,
-        0x000000000000007d, 0x0000000000000271, 0x0000000000000c35,
-        0x0000000000003d09, 0x000000000001312d, 0x000000000005f5e1,
-        0x00000000001dcd65, 0x00000000009502f9, 0x0000000002e90edd,
-        0x000000000e8d4a51, 0x0000000048c27395, 0x000000016bcc41e9,
-        0x000000071afd498d, 0x0000002386f26fc1, 0x000000b1a2bc2ec5,
-        0x000003782dace9d9, 0x00001158e460913d, 0x000056bc75e2d631,
-        0x0001b1ae4d6e2ef5, 0x000878678326eac9, 0x002a5a058fc295ed,
-        0x00d3c21bcecceda1, 0x0422ca8b0a00a425, 0x14adf4b7320334b9};
-
-    static const int compression_ratio = 27;
-
-    // Compute base index.
-    int cache_index = (k - float_info<double>::min_k) / compression_ratio;
-    int kb = cache_index * compression_ratio + float_info<double>::min_k;
-    int offset = k - kb;
-
-    // Get base cache.
-    uint128_fallback base_cache = pow10_significands[cache_index];
-    if (offset == 0) return base_cache;
-
-    // Compute the required amount of bit-shift.
-    int alpha = floor_log2_pow10(kb + offset) - floor_log2_pow10(kb) - offset;
-    FMT_ASSERT(alpha > 0 && alpha < 64, "shifting error detected");
-
-    // Try to recover the real cache.
-    uint64_t pow5 = powers_of_5_64[offset];
-    uint128_fallback recovered_cache = umul128(base_cache.high(), pow5);
-    uint128_fallback middle_low = umul128(base_cache.low(), pow5);
-
-    recovered_cache += middle_low.high();
-
-    uint64_t high_to_middle = recovered_cache.high() << (64 - alpha);
-    uint64_t middle_to_low = recovered_cache.low() << (64 - alpha);
-
-    recovered_cache =
-        uint128_fallback{(recovered_cache.low() >> alpha) | high_to_middle,
-                         ((middle_low.low() >> alpha) | middle_to_low)};
-    FMT_ASSERT(recovered_cache.low() + 1 != 0, "");
-    return {recovered_cache.high(), recovered_cache.low() + 1};
-#endif
-  }
-
-  struct compute_mul_result {
-    carrier_uint result;
-    bool is_integer;
-  };
-  struct compute_mul_parity_result {
-    bool parity;
-    bool is_integer;
-  };
-
-  static auto compute_mul(carrier_uint u,
-                          const cache_entry_type& cache) noexcept
-      -> compute_mul_result {
-    auto r = umul192_upper128(u, cache);
-    return {r.high(), r.low() == 0};
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_delta(cache_entry_type const& cache, int beta) noexcept
-      -> uint32_t {
-    return static_cast<uint32_t>(cache.high() >> (64 - 1 - beta));
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_mul_parity(carrier_uint two_f,
-                                 const cache_entry_type& cache,
-                                 int beta) noexcept
-      -> compute_mul_parity_result {
-    FMT_ASSERT(beta >= 1, "");
-    FMT_ASSERT(beta < 64, "");
-
-    auto r = umul192_lower128(two_f, cache);
-    return {((r.high() >> (64 - beta)) & 1) != 0,
-            ((r.high() << beta) | (r.low() >> (64 - beta))) == 0};
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return (cache.high() -
-            (cache.high() >> (num_significand_bits<double>() + 2))) >>
-           (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 1 - beta);
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return (cache.high() +
-            (cache.high() >> (num_significand_bits<double>() + 1))) >>
-           (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 1 - beta);
-  }
-
-  static auto compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
-    return ((cache.high() >> (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 2 - beta)) +
-            1) /
-           2;
-  }
-};
-
-FMT_FUNC auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
-  return cache_accessor<double>::get_cached_power(k);
-}
-
-// Various integer checks
-template <typename T>
-auto is_left_endpoint_integer_shorter_interval(int exponent) noexcept -> bool {
-  const int case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_lower_threshold = 2;
-  const int case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_upper_threshold = 3;
-  return exponent >= case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_lower_threshold &&
-         exponent <= case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_upper_threshold;
-}
-
-// Remove trailing zeros from n and return the number of zeros removed (float)
-FMT_INLINE int remove_trailing_zeros(uint32_t& n, int s = 0) noexcept {
-  FMT_ASSERT(n != 0, "");
-  // Modular inverse of 5 (mod 2^32): (mod_inv_5 * 5) mod 2^32 = 1.
-  constexpr uint32_t mod_inv_5 = 0xcccccccd;
-  constexpr uint32_t mod_inv_25 = 0xc28f5c29;  // = mod_inv_5 * mod_inv_5
-
-  while (true) {
-    auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_25, 2);
-    if (q > max_value<uint32_t>() / 100) break;
-    n = q;
-    s += 2;
-  }
-  auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_5, 1);
-  if (q <= max_value<uint32_t>() / 10) {
-    n = q;
-    s |= 1;
-  }
-  return s;
-}
-
-// Removes trailing zeros and returns the number of zeros removed (double)
-FMT_INLINE int remove_trailing_zeros(uint64_t& n) noexcept {
-  FMT_ASSERT(n != 0, "");
-
-  // This magic number is ceil(2^90 / 10^8).
-  constexpr uint64_t magic_number = 12379400392853802749ull;
-  auto nm = umul128(n, magic_number);
-
-  // Is n is divisible by 10^8?
-  if ((nm.high() & ((1ull << (90 - 64)) - 1)) == 0 && nm.low() < magic_number) {
-    // If yes, work with the quotient...
-    auto n32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(nm.high() >> (90 - 64));
-    // ... and use the 32 bit variant of the function
-    int s = remove_trailing_zeros(n32, 8);
-    n = n32;
-    return s;
-  }
-
-  // If n is not divisible by 10^8, work with n itself.
-  constexpr uint64_t mod_inv_5 = 0xcccccccccccccccd;
-  constexpr uint64_t mod_inv_25 = 0x8f5c28f5c28f5c29;  // mod_inv_5 * mod_inv_5
-
-  int s = 0;
-  while (true) {
-    auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_25, 2);
-    if (q > max_value<uint64_t>() / 100) break;
-    n = q;
-    s += 2;
-  }
-  auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_5, 1);
-  if (q <= max_value<uint64_t>() / 10) {
-    n = q;
-    s |= 1;
-  }
-
-  return s;
-}
-
-// The main algorithm for shorter interval case
-template <typename T>
-FMT_INLINE decimal_fp<T> shorter_interval_case(int exponent) noexcept {
-  decimal_fp<T> ret_value;
-  // Compute k and beta
-  const int minus_k = floor_log10_pow2_minus_log10_4_over_3(exponent);
-  const int beta = exponent + floor_log2_pow10(-minus_k);
-
-  // Compute xi and zi
-  using cache_entry_type = typename cache_accessor<T>::cache_entry_type;
-  const cache_entry_type cache = cache_accessor<T>::get_cached_power(-minus_k);
-
-  auto xi = cache_accessor<T>::compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      cache, beta);
-  auto zi = cache_accessor<T>::compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
-      cache, beta);
-
-  // If the left endpoint is not an integer, increase it
-  if (!is_left_endpoint_integer_shorter_interval<T>(exponent)) ++xi;
-
-  // Try bigger divisor
-  ret_value.significand = zi / 10;
-
-  // If succeed, remove trailing zeros if necessary and return
-  if (ret_value.significand * 10 >= xi) {
-    ret_value.exponent = minus_k + 1;
-    ret_value.exponent += remove_trailing_zeros(ret_value.significand);
-    return ret_value;
-  }
-
-  // Otherwise, compute the round-up of y
-  ret_value.significand =
-      cache_accessor<T>::compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(cache,
-                                                                    beta);
-  ret_value.exponent = minus_k;
-
-  // When tie occurs, choose one of them according to the rule
-  if (exponent >= float_info<T>::shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold &&
-      exponent <= float_info<T>::shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold) {
-    ret_value.significand = ret_value.significand % 2 == 0
-                                ? ret_value.significand
-                                : ret_value.significand - 1;
-  } else if (ret_value.significand < xi) {
-    ++ret_value.significand;
-  }
-  return ret_value;
-}
-
-template <typename T> auto to_decimal(T x) noexcept -> decimal_fp<T> {
-  // Step 1: integer promotion & Schubfach multiplier calculation.
-
-  using carrier_uint = typename float_info<T>::carrier_uint;
-  using cache_entry_type = typename cache_accessor<T>::cache_entry_type;
-  auto br = bit_cast<carrier_uint>(x);
-
-  // Extract significand bits and exponent bits.
-  const carrier_uint significand_mask =
-      (static_cast<carrier_uint>(1) << num_significand_bits<T>()) - 1;
-  carrier_uint significand = (br & significand_mask);
-  int exponent =
-      static_cast<int>((br & exponent_mask<T>()) >> num_significand_bits<T>());
-
-  if (exponent != 0) {  // Check if normal.
-    exponent -= exponent_bias<T>() + num_significand_bits<T>();
-
-    // Shorter interval case; proceed like Schubfach.
-    // In fact, when exponent == 1 and significand == 0, the interval is
-    // regular. However, it can be shown that the end-results are anyway same.
-    if (significand == 0) return shorter_interval_case<T>(exponent);
-
-    significand |= (static_cast<carrier_uint>(1) << num_significand_bits<T>());
-  } else {
-    // Subnormal case; the interval is always regular.
-    if (significand == 0) return {0, 0};
-    exponent =
-        std::numeric_limits<T>::min_exponent - num_significand_bits<T>() - 1;
-  }
-
-  const bool include_left_endpoint = (significand % 2 == 0);
-  const bool include_right_endpoint = include_left_endpoint;
-
-  // Compute k and beta.
-  const int minus_k = floor_log10_pow2(exponent) - float_info<T>::kappa;
-  const cache_entry_type cache = cache_accessor<T>::get_cached_power(-minus_k);
-  const int beta = exponent + floor_log2_pow10(-minus_k);
-
-  // Compute zi and deltai.
-  // 10^kappa <= deltai < 10^(kappa + 1)
-  const uint32_t deltai = cache_accessor<T>::compute_delta(cache, beta);
-  const carrier_uint two_fc = significand << 1;
-
-  // For the case of binary32, the result of integer check is not correct for
-  // 29711844 * 2^-82
-  // = 6.1442653300000000008655037797566933477355632930994033813476... * 10^-18
-  // and 29711844 * 2^-81
-  // = 1.2288530660000000001731007559513386695471126586198806762695... * 10^-17,
-  // and they are the unique counterexamples. However, since 29711844 is even,
-  // this does not cause any problem for the endpoints calculations; it can only
-  // cause a problem when we need to perform integer check for the center.
-  // Fortunately, with these inputs, that branch is never executed, so we are
-  // fine.
-  const typename cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_result z_mul =
-      cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul((two_fc | 1) << beta, cache);
-
-  // Step 2: Try larger divisor; remove trailing zeros if necessary.
-
-  // Using an upper bound on zi, we might be able to optimize the division
-  // better than the compiler; we are computing zi / big_divisor here.
-  decimal_fp<T> ret_value;
-  ret_value.significand = divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(z_mul.result);
-  uint32_t r = static_cast<uint32_t>(z_mul.result - float_info<T>::big_divisor *
-                                                        ret_value.significand);
-
-  if (r < deltai) {
-    // Exclude the right endpoint if necessary.
-    if (r == 0 && (z_mul.is_integer & !include_right_endpoint)) {
-      --ret_value.significand;
-      r = float_info<T>::big_divisor;
-      goto small_divisor_case_label;
-    }
-  } else if (r > deltai) {
-    goto small_divisor_case_label;
-  } else {
-    // r == deltai; compare fractional parts.
-    const typename cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity_result x_mul =
-        cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity(two_fc - 1, cache, beta);
-
-    if (!(x_mul.parity | (x_mul.is_integer & include_left_endpoint)))
-      goto small_divisor_case_label;
-  }
-  ret_value.exponent = minus_k + float_info<T>::kappa + 1;
-
-  // We may need to remove trailing zeros.
-  ret_value.exponent += remove_trailing_zeros(ret_value.significand);
-  return ret_value;
-
-  // Step 3: Find the significand with the smaller divisor.
-
-small_divisor_case_label:
-  ret_value.significand *= 10;
-  ret_value.exponent = minus_k + float_info<T>::kappa;
-
-  uint32_t dist = r - (deltai / 2) + (float_info<T>::small_divisor / 2);
-  const bool approx_y_parity =
-      ((dist ^ (float_info<T>::small_divisor / 2)) & 1) != 0;
-
-  // Is dist divisible by 10^kappa?
-  const bool divisible_by_small_divisor =
-      check_divisibility_and_divide_by_pow10<float_info<T>::kappa>(dist);
-
-  // Add dist / 10^kappa to the significand.
-  ret_value.significand += dist;
-
-  if (!divisible_by_small_divisor) return ret_value;
-
-  // Check z^(f) >= epsilon^(f).
-  // We have either yi == zi - epsiloni or yi == (zi - epsiloni) - 1,
-  // where yi == zi - epsiloni if and only if z^(f) >= epsilon^(f).
-  // Since there are only 2 possibilities, we only need to care about the
-  // parity. Also, zi and r should have the same parity since the divisor
-  // is an even number.
-  const auto y_mul = cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity(two_fc, cache, beta);
-
-  // If z^(f) >= epsilon^(f), we might have a tie when z^(f) == epsilon^(f),
-  // or equivalently, when y is an integer.
-  if (y_mul.parity != approx_y_parity)
-    --ret_value.significand;
-  else if (y_mul.is_integer & (ret_value.significand % 2 != 0))
-    --ret_value.significand;
-  return ret_value;
-}
-}  // namespace dragonbox
-}  // namespace detail
-
-template <> struct formatter<detail::bigint> {
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx)
-      -> format_parse_context::iterator {
-    return ctx.begin();
-  }
-
-  auto format(const detail::bigint& n, format_context& ctx) const
-      -> format_context::iterator {
-    auto out = ctx.out();
-    bool first = true;
-    for (auto i = n.bigits_.size(); i > 0; --i) {
-      auto value = n.bigits_[i - 1u];
-      if (first) {
-        out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("{:x}"), value);
-        first = false;
-        continue;
-      }
-      out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("{:08x}"), value);
-    }
-    if (n.exp_ > 0)
-      out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("p{}"),
-                           n.exp_ * detail::bigint::bigit_bits);
-    return out;
-  }
-};
-
-FMT_FUNC detail::utf8_to_utf16::utf8_to_utf16(string_view s) {
-  for_each_codepoint(s, [this](uint32_t cp, string_view) {
-    if (cp == invalid_code_point) FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("invalid utf8"));
-    if (cp <= 0xFFFF) {
-      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(cp));
-    } else {
-      cp -= 0x10000;
-      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(0xD800 + (cp >> 10)));
-      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(0xDC00 + (cp & 0x3FF)));
-    }
-    return true;
-  });
-  buffer_.push_back(0);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void format_system_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
-                                  const char* message) noexcept {
-  FMT_TRY {
-    auto ec = std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category());
-    write(std::back_inserter(out), std::system_error(ec, message).what());
-    return;
-  }
-  FMT_CATCH(...) {}
-  format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void report_system_error(int error_code,
-                                  const char* message) noexcept {
-  report_error(format_system_error, error_code, message);
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC auto vformat(string_view fmt, format_args args) -> std::string {
-  // Don't optimize the "{}" case to keep the binary size small and because it
-  // can be better optimized in fmt::format anyway.
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
-  return to_string(buffer);
-}
-
-namespace detail {
-#if !defined(_WIN32) || defined(FMT_WINDOWS_NO_WCHAR)
-FMT_FUNC auto write_console(int, string_view) -> bool { return false; }
-FMT_FUNC auto write_console(std::FILE*, string_view) -> bool { return false; }
-#else
-using dword = conditional_t<sizeof(long) == 4, unsigned long, unsigned>;
-extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall WriteConsoleW(  //
-    void*, const void*, dword, dword*, void*);
-
-FMT_FUNC bool write_console(int fd, string_view text) {
-  auto u16 = utf8_to_utf16(text);
-  return WriteConsoleW(reinterpret_cast<void*>(_get_osfhandle(fd)), u16.c_str(),
-                       static_cast<dword>(u16.size()), nullptr, nullptr) != 0;
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC auto write_console(std::FILE* f, string_view text) -> bool {
-  return write_console(_fileno(f), text);
-}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-// Print assuming legacy (non-Unicode) encoding.
-FMT_FUNC void vprint_mojibake(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
-  fwrite_fully(buffer.data(), buffer.size(), f);
-}
-#endif
-
-FMT_FUNC void print(std::FILE* f, string_view text) {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-  int fd = _fileno(f);
-  if (_isatty(fd)) {
-    std::fflush(f);
-    if (write_console(fd, text)) return;
-  }
-#endif
-  fwrite_fully(text.data(), text.size(), f);
-}
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_FUNC void vprint(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
-  detail::print(f, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()});
-}
-
-FMT_FUNC void vprint(string_view fmt, format_args args) {
-  vprint(stdout, fmt, args);
-}
-
-namespace detail {
-
-struct singleton {
-  unsigned char upper;
-  unsigned char lower_count;
-};
-
-inline auto is_printable(uint16_t x, const singleton* singletons,
-                         size_t singletons_size,
-                         const unsigned char* singleton_lowers,
-                         const unsigned char* normal, size_t normal_size)
-    -> bool {
-  auto upper = x >> 8;
-  auto lower_start = 0;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < singletons_size; ++i) {
-    auto s = singletons[i];
-    auto lower_end = lower_start + s.lower_count;
-    if (upper < s.upper) break;
-    if (upper == s.upper) {
-      for (auto j = lower_start; j < lower_end; ++j) {
-        if (singleton_lowers[j] == (x & 0xff)) return false;
-      }
-    }
-    lower_start = lower_end;
-  }
-
-  auto xsigned = static_cast<int>(x);
-  auto current = true;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < normal_size; ++i) {
-    auto v = static_cast<int>(normal[i]);
-    auto len = (v & 0x80) != 0 ? (v & 0x7f) << 8 | normal[++i] : v;
-    xsigned -= len;
-    if (xsigned < 0) break;
-    current = !current;
-  }
-  return current;
-}
-
-// This code is generated by support/printable.py.
-FMT_FUNC auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool {
-  static constexpr singleton singletons0[] = {
-      {0x00, 1},  {0x03, 5},  {0x05, 6},  {0x06, 3},  {0x07, 6},  {0x08, 8},
-      {0x09, 17}, {0x0a, 28}, {0x0b, 25}, {0x0c, 20}, {0x0d, 16}, {0x0e, 13},
-      {0x0f, 4},  {0x10, 3},  {0x12, 18}, {0x13, 9},  {0x16, 1},  {0x17, 5},
-      {0x18, 2},  {0x19, 3},  {0x1a, 7},  {0x1c, 2},  {0x1d, 1},  {0x1f, 22},
-      {0x20, 3},  {0x2b, 3},  {0x2c, 2},  {0x2d, 11}, {0x2e, 1},  {0x30, 3},
-      {0x31, 2},  {0x32, 1},  {0xa7, 2},  {0xa9, 2},  {0xaa, 4},  {0xab, 8},
-      {0xfa, 2},  {0xfb, 5},  {0xfd, 4},  {0xfe, 3},  {0xff, 9},
-  };
-  static constexpr unsigned char singletons0_lower[] = {
-      0xad, 0x78, 0x79, 0x8b, 0x8d, 0xa2, 0x30, 0x57, 0x58, 0x8b, 0x8c, 0x90,
-      0x1c, 0x1d, 0xdd, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x4b, 0x4c, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0x2e, 0x2f, 0x3f,
-      0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5f, 0xb5, 0xe2, 0x84, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0x91, 0x92, 0xa9, 0xb1,
-      0xba, 0xbb, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xde, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xff, 0x00, 0x04,
-      0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x37, 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x3d, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x5d,
-      0x84, 0x8e, 0x92, 0xa9, 0xb1, 0xb4, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xc6, 0xca, 0xce, 0xcf,
-      0xe4, 0xe5, 0x00, 0x04, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x3a,
-      0x3b, 0x45, 0x46, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x5e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x84, 0x91, 0x9b, 0x9d,
-      0xc9, 0xce, 0xcf, 0x0d, 0x11, 0x29, 0x45, 0x49, 0x57, 0x64, 0x65, 0x8d,
-      0x91, 0xa9, 0xb4, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xc5, 0xc9, 0xdf, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xf0, 0x0d,
-      0x11, 0x45, 0x49, 0x64, 0x65, 0x80, 0x84, 0xb2, 0xbc, 0xbe, 0xbf, 0xd5,
-      0xd7, 0xf0, 0xf1, 0x83, 0x85, 0x8b, 0xa4, 0xa6, 0xbe, 0xbf, 0xc5, 0xc7,
-      0xce, 0xcf, 0xda, 0xdb, 0x48, 0x98, 0xbd, 0xcd, 0xc6, 0xce, 0xcf, 0x49,
-      0x4e, 0x4f, 0x57, 0x59, 0x5e, 0x5f, 0x89, 0x8e, 0x8f, 0xb1, 0xb6, 0xb7,
-      0xbf, 0xc1, 0xc6, 0xc7, 0xd7, 0x11, 0x16, 0x17, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0xf6, 0xf7,
-      0xfe, 0xff, 0x80, 0x0d, 0x6d, 0x71, 0xde, 0xdf, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x6e,
-      0x6f, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x5f, 0x7d, 0x7e, 0xae, 0xaf, 0xbb, 0xbc, 0xfa, 0x16,
-      0x17, 0x1e, 0x1f, 0x46, 0x47, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5c, 0x5e, 0x7e,
-      0x7f, 0xb5, 0xc5, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0xdc, 0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf5, 0x72, 0x73, 0x8f,
-      0x74, 0x75, 0x96, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x26, 0x2e, 0x2f, 0xa7, 0xaf, 0xb7, 0xbf,
-      0xc7, 0xcf, 0xd7, 0xdf, 0x9a, 0x40, 0x97, 0x98, 0x30, 0x8f, 0x1f, 0xc0,
-      0xc1, 0xce, 0xff, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x5a, 0x5b, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x27,
-      0x2f, 0xee, 0xef, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x37, 0x3d, 0x3f, 0x42, 0x45, 0x90, 0x91,
-      0xfe, 0xff, 0x53, 0x67, 0x75, 0xc8, 0xc9, 0xd0, 0xd1, 0xd8, 0xd9, 0xe7,
-      0xfe, 0xff,
-  };
-  static constexpr singleton singletons1[] = {
-      {0x00, 6},  {0x01, 1}, {0x03, 1},  {0x04, 2}, {0x08, 8},  {0x09, 2},
-      {0x0a, 5},  {0x0b, 2}, {0x0e, 4},  {0x10, 1}, {0x11, 2},  {0x12, 5},
-      {0x13, 17}, {0x14, 1}, {0x15, 2},  {0x17, 2}, {0x19, 13}, {0x1c, 5},
-      {0x1d, 8},  {0x24, 1}, {0x6a, 3},  {0x6b, 2}, {0xbc, 2},  {0xd1, 2},
-      {0xd4, 12}, {0xd5, 9}, {0xd6, 2},  {0xd7, 2}, {0xda, 1},  {0xe0, 5},
-      {0xe1, 2},  {0xe8, 2}, {0xee, 32}, {0xf0, 4}, {0xf8, 2},  {0xf9, 2},
-      {0xfa, 2},  {0xfb, 1},
-  };
-  static constexpr unsigned char singletons1_lower[] = {
-      0x0c, 0x27, 0x3b, 0x3e, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x8f, 0x9e, 0x9e, 0x9f, 0x06, 0x07,
-      0x09, 0x36, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x56, 0xf3, 0xd0, 0xd1, 0x04, 0x14, 0x18, 0x36,
-      0x37, 0x56, 0x57, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xae, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x35, 0xe0, 0x12, 0x87,
-      0x89, 0x8e, 0x9e, 0x04, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x3a,
-      0x45, 0x46, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x5c, 0xb6, 0xb7, 0x1b,
-      0x1c, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x14, 0x17, 0x36, 0x39, 0x3a, 0xa8, 0xa9,
-      0xd8, 0xd9, 0x09, 0x37, 0x90, 0x91, 0xa8, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x3b, 0x3e, 0x66,
-      0x69, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x6f, 0x5f, 0xee, 0xef, 0x5a, 0x62, 0x9a, 0x9b, 0x27,
-      0x28, 0x55, 0x9d, 0xa0, 0xa1, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa7, 0xa8, 0xad, 0xba, 0xbc,
-      0xc4, 0x06, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x3f, 0x45, 0x51, 0xa6, 0xa7,
-      0xcc, 0xcd, 0xa0, 0x07, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x22, 0x25, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0xc5, 0xc6,
-      0x04, 0x20, 0x23, 0x25, 0x26, 0x28, 0x33, 0x38, 0x3a, 0x48, 0x4a, 0x4c,
-      0x50, 0x53, 0x55, 0x56, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5c, 0x5e, 0x60, 0x63, 0x65, 0x66,
-      0x6b, 0x73, 0x78, 0x7d, 0x7f, 0x8a, 0xa4, 0xaa, 0xaf, 0xb0, 0xc0, 0xd0,
-      0xae, 0xaf, 0x79, 0xcc, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x93,
-  };
-  static constexpr unsigned char normal0[] = {
-      0x00, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x22, 0x82, 0xdf, 0x04, 0x82, 0x44, 0x08, 0x1b, 0x04,
-      0x06, 0x11, 0x81, 0xac, 0x0e, 0x80, 0xab, 0x35, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x80, 0xe0,
-      0x03, 0x19, 0x08, 0x01, 0x04, 0x2f, 0x04, 0x34, 0x04, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01,
-      0x07, 0x06, 0x07, 0x11, 0x0a, 0x50, 0x0f, 0x12, 0x07, 0x55, 0x07, 0x03,
-      0x04, 0x1c, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x03, 0x08, 0x03, 0x07, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03,
-      0x03, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x05, 0x03, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x0e, 0x15, 0x05, 0x3a,
-      0x03, 0x11, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x10, 0x07, 0x57, 0x07, 0x02, 0x07, 0x15,
-      0x0d, 0x50, 0x04, 0x43, 0x03, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x01, 0x04, 0x11, 0x06, 0x0f,
-      0x0c, 0x3a, 0x04, 0x1d, 0x25, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x6d, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x25, 0x80,
-      0xc8, 0x05, 0x82, 0xb0, 0x03, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x82, 0xfd, 0x03, 0x59, 0x07,
-      0x15, 0x0b, 0x17, 0x09, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x6a, 0x06, 0x0a, 0x06,
-      0x1a, 0x06, 0x59, 0x07, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x04,
-      0x01, 0x03, 0x31, 0x0b, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x0b, 0x03, 0x80, 0xac,
-      0x06, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x21, 0x3f, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x74, 0x08, 0x3c,
-      0x03, 0x0f, 0x03, 0x3c, 0x07, 0x38, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x82, 0xff, 0x11,
-      0x18, 0x08, 0x2f, 0x11, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x20, 0x10, 0x21, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x8c,
-      0x04, 0x82, 0x97, 0x19, 0x0b, 0x15, 0x88, 0x94, 0x05, 0x2f, 0x05, 0x3b,
-      0x07, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x18, 0x09, 0x80, 0xb3, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x0c, 0x80, 0xd6,
-      0x1a, 0x0c, 0x05, 0x80, 0xff, 0x05, 0x80, 0xdf, 0x0c, 0xee, 0x0d, 0x03,
-      0x84, 0x8d, 0x03, 0x37, 0x09, 0x81, 0x5c, 0x14, 0x80, 0xb8, 0x08, 0x80,
-      0xcb, 0x2a, 0x38, 0x03, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x38, 0x08, 0x46, 0x08, 0x0c, 0x06,
-      0x74, 0x0b, 0x1e, 0x03, 0x5a, 0x04, 0x59, 0x09, 0x80, 0x83, 0x18, 0x1c,
-      0x0a, 0x16, 0x09, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x80, 0x8a, 0x06, 0xab, 0xa4, 0x0c, 0x17,
-      0x04, 0x31, 0xa1, 0x04, 0x81, 0xda, 0x26, 0x07, 0x0c, 0x05, 0x05, 0x80,
-      0xa5, 0x11, 0x81, 0x6d, 0x10, 0x78, 0x28, 0x2a, 0x06, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x80,
-      0x8d, 0x04, 0x80, 0xbe, 0x03, 0x1b, 0x03, 0x0f, 0x0d,
-  };
-  static constexpr unsigned char normal1[] = {
-      0x5e, 0x22, 0x7b, 0x05, 0x03, 0x04, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x66, 0x03, 0x01, 0x2f,
-      0x2e, 0x80, 0x82, 0x1d, 0x03, 0x31, 0x0f, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x24, 0x09, 0x1e,
-      0x05, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x44, 0x04, 0x0e, 0x2a, 0x80, 0xaa, 0x06, 0x24, 0x04,
-      0x24, 0x04, 0x28, 0x08, 0x34, 0x0b, 0x01, 0x80, 0x90, 0x81, 0x37, 0x09,
-      0x16, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x80, 0x98, 0x39, 0x03, 0x63, 0x08, 0x09, 0x30, 0x16,
-      0x05, 0x21, 0x03, 0x1b, 0x05, 0x01, 0x40, 0x38, 0x04, 0x4b, 0x05, 0x2f,
-      0x04, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x09, 0x07, 0x40, 0x20, 0x27, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x09, 0x36,
-      0x03, 0x3a, 0x05, 0x1a, 0x07, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x07, 0x50, 0x49, 0x37, 0x33,
-      0x0d, 0x33, 0x07, 0x2e, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x81, 0x26, 0x52, 0x4e, 0x28, 0x08,
-      0x2a, 0x56, 0x1c, 0x14, 0x17, 0x09, 0x4e, 0x04, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0x43, 0x0e,
-      0x19, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x48, 0x08, 0x27, 0x09, 0x75, 0x0b, 0x3f, 0x41,
-      0x2a, 0x06, 0x3b, 0x05, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x51, 0x06, 0x01, 0x05, 0x10, 0x03,
-      0x05, 0x80, 0x8b, 0x62, 0x1e, 0x48, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x80, 0xa6, 0x5e, 0x22,
-      0x45, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x0d, 0x13, 0x39, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x36, 0x2c, 0x04,
-      0x10, 0x80, 0xc0, 0x3c, 0x64, 0x53, 0x0c, 0x48, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x46, 0x45,
-      0x1b, 0x48, 0x08, 0x53, 0x1d, 0x39, 0x81, 0x07, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x1d, 0x03,
-      0x47, 0x49, 0x37, 0x03, 0x0e, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x39, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x81,
-      0x36, 0x19, 0x80, 0xb7, 0x01, 0x0f, 0x32, 0x0d, 0x83, 0x9b, 0x66, 0x75,
-      0x0b, 0x80, 0xc4, 0x8a, 0xbc, 0x84, 0x2f, 0x8f, 0xd1, 0x82, 0x47, 0xa1,
-      0xb9, 0x82, 0x39, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x60, 0x26, 0x0a, 0x46, 0x0a,
-      0x28, 0x05, 0x13, 0x82, 0xb0, 0x5b, 0x65, 0x4b, 0x04, 0x39, 0x07, 0x11,
-      0x40, 0x05, 0x0b, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x97, 0xf8, 0x08, 0x84, 0xd6, 0x2a, 0x09,
-      0xa2, 0xf7, 0x81, 0x1f, 0x31, 0x03, 0x11, 0x04, 0x08, 0x81, 0x8c, 0x89,
-      0x04, 0x6b, 0x05, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x09, 0x07, 0x10, 0x93, 0x60, 0x80, 0xf6,
-      0x0a, 0x73, 0x08, 0x6e, 0x17, 0x46, 0x80, 0x9a, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x57, 0x09,
-      0x19, 0x80, 0x87, 0x81, 0x47, 0x03, 0x85, 0x42, 0x0f, 0x15, 0x85, 0x50,
-      0x2b, 0x80, 0xd5, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x1a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x81, 0x70, 0x3a, 0x05,
-      0x01, 0x85, 0x00, 0x80, 0xd7, 0x29, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x83,
-      0x11, 0x44, 0x4c, 0x3d, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x3c, 0x06, 0x01, 0x04, 0x55, 0x05,
-      0x1b, 0x34, 0x02, 0x81, 0x0e, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x64, 0x0c, 0x56, 0x0a, 0x80,
-      0xae, 0x38, 0x1d, 0x0d, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x09, 0x07, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x06, 0x80,
-      0x9a, 0x83, 0xd8, 0x08, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x74, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x07,
-      0x0c, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x38, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x28, 0x08, 0x22, 0x4e,
-      0x81, 0x54, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x03, 0x03, 0x05, 0x07, 0x09, 0x19, 0x07, 0x07,
-      0x09, 0x03, 0x0d, 0x07, 0x29, 0x80, 0xcb, 0x25, 0x0a, 0x84, 0x06,
-  };
-  auto lower = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
-  if (cp < 0x10000) {
-    return is_printable(lower, singletons0,
-                        sizeof(singletons0) / sizeof(*singletons0),
-                        singletons0_lower, normal0, sizeof(normal0));
-  }
-  if (cp < 0x20000) {
-    return is_printable(lower, singletons1,
-                        sizeof(singletons1) / sizeof(*singletons1),
-                        singletons1_lower, normal1, sizeof(normal1));
-  }
-  if (0x2a6de <= cp && cp < 0x2a700) return false;
-  if (0x2b735 <= cp && cp < 0x2b740) return false;
-  if (0x2b81e <= cp && cp < 0x2b820) return false;
-  if (0x2cea2 <= cp && cp < 0x2ceb0) return false;
-  if (0x2ebe1 <= cp && cp < 0x2f800) return false;
-  if (0x2fa1e <= cp && cp < 0x30000) return false;
-  if (0x3134b <= cp && cp < 0xe0100) return false;
-  if (0xe01f0 <= cp && cp < 0x110000) return false;
-  return cp < 0x110000;
-}
-
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-
-#endif  // FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
diff --git a/include/fmt/format.cpp b/include/fmt/format.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 391d3a2..0000000
--- a/include/fmt/format.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-// Formatting library for C++
-//
-// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// For the license information refer to format.h.
-
-#include "fmt/format-inl.h"
-
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-namespace detail {
-
-template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(float x) noexcept
-    -> dragonbox::decimal_fp<float>;
-template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(double x) noexcept
-    -> dragonbox::decimal_fp<double>;
-
-#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
-template FMT_API locale_ref::locale_ref(const std::locale& loc);
-template FMT_API auto locale_ref::get<std::locale>() const -> std::locale;
-#endif
-
-// Explicit instantiations for char.
-
-template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
-    -> thousands_sep_result<char>;
-template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> char;
-
-template FMT_API void buffer<char>::append(const char*, const char*);
-
-template FMT_API void vformat_to(buffer<char>&, string_view,
-                                 typename vformat_args<>::type, locale_ref);
-
-// Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
-
-template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
-    -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t>;
-template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> wchar_t;
-
-template FMT_API void buffer<wchar_t>::append(const wchar_t*, const wchar_t*);
-
-}  // namespace detail
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/include/fmt/format.h b/include/fmt/format.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 7637c8a..0000000
--- a/include/fmt/format.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4535 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Formatting library for C++
-
-  Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
-
-  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-  a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-  distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-  the following conditions:
-
-  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-  included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
-  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
-  OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-  WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
-  --- Optional exception to the license ---
-
-  As an exception, if, as a result of your compiling your source code, portions
-  of this Software are embedded into a machine-executable object form of such
-  source code, you may redistribute such embedded portions in such object form
-  without including the above copyright and permission notices.
- */
-
-#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_H_
-#define FMT_FORMAT_H_
-
-#include <cmath>             // std::signbit
-#include <cstdint>           // uint32_t
-#include <cstring>           // std::memcpy
-#include <initializer_list>  // std::initializer_list
-#include <limits>            // std::numeric_limits
-#include <memory>            // std::uninitialized_copy
-#include <stdexcept>         // std::runtime_error
-#include <system_error>      // std::system_error
-
-#ifdef __cpp_lib_bit_cast
-#  include <bit>  // std::bit_cast
-#endif
-
-#include "core.h"
-
-#if defined __cpp_inline_variables && __cpp_inline_variables >= 201606L
-#  define FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE inline
-#else
-#  define FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(fallthrough)
-#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[fallthrough]]
-#elif defined(__clang__)
-#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[clang::fallthrough]]
-#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 700 && \
-    (!defined(__EDG_VERSION__) || __EDG_VERSION__ >= 520)
-#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[gnu::fallthrough]]
-#else
-#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_DEPRECATED
-#  if FMT_HAS_CPP14_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated) || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1900
-#    define FMT_DEPRECATED [[deprecated]]
-#  else
-#    if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__LCC__)) || defined(__clang__)
-#      define FMT_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
-#    elif FMT_MSC_VERSION
-#      define FMT_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
-#    else
-#      define FMT_DEPRECATED /* deprecated */
-#    endif
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
-#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L
-#    if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(no_unique_address)
-#      define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[no_unique_address]]
-// VS2019 v16.10 and later except clang-cl (https://reviews.llvm.org/D110485)
-#    elif (FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1929) && !FMT_CLANG_VERSION
-#      define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[msvc::no_unique_address]]
-#    endif
-#  endif
-#endif
-#ifndef FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
-#  define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
-#endif
-
-// Visibility when compiled as a shared library/object.
-#if defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT) || defined(FMT_SHARED)
-#  define FMT_SO_VISIBILITY(value) FMT_VISIBILITY(value)
-#else
-#  define FMT_SO_VISIBILITY(value)
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __has_builtin
-#  define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) __has_builtin(x)
-#else
-#  define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) 0
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
-#  define FMT_NOINLINE __attribute__((noinline))
-#else
-#  define FMT_NOINLINE
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_THROW
-#  if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
-#    if FMT_MSC_VERSION || defined(__NVCC__)
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-namespace detail {
-template <typename Exception> inline void do_throw(const Exception& x) {
-  // Silence unreachable code warnings in MSVC and NVCC because these
-  // are nearly impossible to fix in a generic code.
-  volatile bool b = true;
-  if (b) throw x;
-}
-}  // namespace detail
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-#      define FMT_THROW(x) detail::do_throw(x)
-#    else
-#      define FMT_THROW(x) throw x
-#    endif
-#  else
-#    define FMT_THROW(x) \
-      ::fmt::detail::assert_fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, (x).what())
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
-#  define FMT_TRY try
-#  define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
-#else
-#  define FMT_TRY if (true)
-#  define FMT_CATCH(x) if (false)
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
-#  if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(maybe_unused)
-#    define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED [[maybe_unused]]
-#  else
-#    define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
-// EDG based compilers (Intel, NVIDIA, Elbrus, etc), GCC and MSVC support UDLs.
-//
-// GCC before 4.9 requires a space in `operator"" _a` which is invalid in later
-// compiler versions.
-#  if (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_user_literals) || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 409 || \
-       FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1900) &&                                     \
-      (!defined(__EDG_VERSION__) || __EDG_VERSION__ >= /* UDL feature */ 480)
-#    define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 1
-#  else
-#    define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 0
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-// Defining FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS to 1, will reduce the number of
-// integer formatter template instantiations to just one by only using the
-// largest integer type. This results in a reduction in binary size but will
-// cause a decrease in integer formatting performance.
-#if !defined(FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS)
-#  define FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS 0
-#endif
-
-// __builtin_clz is broken in clang with Microsoft CodeGen:
-// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/519.
-#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION
-#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION
-#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) __builtin_clz(n)
-#  endif
-#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION
-#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) __builtin_clzll(n)
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-// __builtin_ctz is broken in Intel Compiler Classic on Windows:
-// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/2510.
-#ifndef __ICL
-#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctz) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION || \
-      defined(__NVCOMPILER)
-#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZ(n) __builtin_ctz(n)
-#  endif
-#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctzll) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || \
-      FMT_ICC_VERSION || defined(__NVCOMPILER)
-#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL(n) __builtin_ctzll(n)
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_MSC_VERSION
-#  include <intrin.h>  // _BitScanReverse[64], _BitScanForward[64], _umul128
-#endif
-
-// Some compilers masquerade as both MSVC and GCC-likes or otherwise support
-// __builtin_clz and __builtin_clzll, so only define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ using the
-// MSVC intrinsics if the clz and clzll builtins are not available.
-#if FMT_MSC_VERSION && !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL) && \
-    !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL)
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-namespace detail {
-// Avoid Clang with Microsoft CodeGen's -Wunknown-pragmas warning.
-#  if !defined(__clang__)
-#    pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
-#    pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
-#    if defined(_WIN64)
-#      pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward64)
-#      pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse64)
-#    endif
-#  endif
-
-inline auto clz(uint32_t x) -> int {
-  unsigned long r = 0;
-  _BitScanReverse(&r, x);
-  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
-  // Static analysis complains about using uninitialized data
-  // "r", but the only way that can happen is if "x" is 0,
-  // which the callers guarantee to not happen.
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)
-  return 31 ^ static_cast<int>(r);
-}
-#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) detail::clz(n)
-
-inline auto clzll(uint64_t x) -> int {
-  unsigned long r = 0;
-#  ifdef _WIN64
-  _BitScanReverse64(&r, x);
-#  else
-  // Scan the high 32 bits.
-  if (_BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32)))
-    return 63 ^ static_cast<int>(r + 32);
-  // Scan the low 32 bits.
-  _BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x));
-#  endif
-  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
-  return 63 ^ static_cast<int>(r);
-}
-#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) detail::clzll(n)
-
-inline auto ctz(uint32_t x) -> int {
-  unsigned long r = 0;
-  _BitScanForward(&r, x);
-  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
-  return static_cast<int>(r);
-}
-#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZ(n) detail::ctz(n)
-
-inline auto ctzll(uint64_t x) -> int {
-  unsigned long r = 0;
-  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
-  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
-#  ifdef _WIN64
-  _BitScanForward64(&r, x);
-#  else
-  // Scan the low 32 bits.
-  if (_BitScanForward(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x))) return static_cast<int>(r);
-  // Scan the high 32 bits.
-  _BitScanForward(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32));
-  r += 32;
-#  endif
-  return static_cast<int>(r);
-}
-#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL(n) detail::ctzll(n)
-}  // namespace detail
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-#endif
-
-FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-namespace detail {
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline void abort_fuzzing_if(bool condition) {
-  ignore_unused(condition);
-#ifdef FMT_FUZZ
-  if (condition) throw std::runtime_error("fuzzing limit reached");
-#endif
-}
-
-template <typename CharT, CharT... C> struct string_literal {
-  static constexpr CharT value[sizeof...(C)] = {C...};
-  constexpr operator basic_string_view<CharT>() const {
-    return {value, sizeof...(C)};
-  }
-};
-
-#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS < 201703L
-template <typename CharT, CharT... C>
-constexpr CharT string_literal<CharT, C...>::value[sizeof...(C)];
-#endif
-
-// Implementation of std::bit_cast for pre-C++20.
-template <typename To, typename From, FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(To) == sizeof(From))>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto bit_cast(const From& from) -> To {
-#ifdef __cpp_lib_bit_cast
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) return std::bit_cast<To>(from);
-#endif
-  auto to = To();
-  // The cast suppresses a bogus -Wclass-memaccess on GCC.
-  std::memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&to), &from, sizeof(to));
-  return to;
-}
-
-inline auto is_big_endian() -> bool {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-  return false;
-#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
-  return true;
-#elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
-  return __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__;
-#else
-  struct bytes {
-    char data[sizeof(int)];
-  };
-  return bit_cast<bytes>(1).data[0] == 0;
-#endif
-}
-
-class uint128_fallback {
- private:
-  uint64_t lo_, hi_;
-
- public:
-  constexpr uint128_fallback(uint64_t hi, uint64_t lo) : lo_(lo), hi_(hi) {}
-  constexpr uint128_fallback(uint64_t value = 0) : lo_(value), hi_(0) {}
-
-  constexpr auto high() const noexcept -> uint64_t { return hi_; }
-  constexpr auto low() const noexcept -> uint64_t { return lo_; }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
-  constexpr explicit operator T() const {
-    return static_cast<T>(lo_);
-  }
-
-  friend constexpr auto operator==(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                                   const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.hi_ == rhs.hi_ && lhs.lo_ == rhs.lo_;
-  }
-  friend constexpr auto operator!=(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                                   const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
-    return !(lhs == rhs);
-  }
-  friend constexpr auto operator>(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
-    return lhs.hi_ != rhs.hi_ ? lhs.hi_ > rhs.hi_ : lhs.lo_ > rhs.lo_;
-  }
-  friend constexpr auto operator|(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs)
-      -> uint128_fallback {
-    return {lhs.hi_ | rhs.hi_, lhs.lo_ | rhs.lo_};
-  }
-  friend constexpr auto operator&(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs)
-      -> uint128_fallback {
-    return {lhs.hi_ & rhs.hi_, lhs.lo_ & rhs.lo_};
-  }
-  friend constexpr auto operator~(const uint128_fallback& n)
-      -> uint128_fallback {
-    return {~n.hi_, ~n.lo_};
-  }
-  friend auto operator+(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
-                        const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> uint128_fallback {
-    auto result = uint128_fallback(lhs);
-    result += rhs;
-    return result;
-  }
-  friend auto operator*(const uint128_fallback& lhs, uint32_t rhs)
-      -> uint128_fallback {
-    FMT_ASSERT(lhs.hi_ == 0, "");
-    uint64_t hi = (lhs.lo_ >> 32) * rhs;
-    uint64_t lo = (lhs.lo_ & ~uint32_t()) * rhs;
-    uint64_t new_lo = (hi << 32) + lo;
-    return {(hi >> 32) + (new_lo < lo ? 1 : 0), new_lo};
-  }
-  friend auto operator-(const uint128_fallback& lhs, uint64_t rhs)
-      -> uint128_fallback {
-    return {lhs.hi_ - (lhs.lo_ < rhs ? 1 : 0), lhs.lo_ - rhs};
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator>>(int shift) const -> uint128_fallback {
-    if (shift == 64) return {0, hi_};
-    if (shift > 64) return uint128_fallback(0, hi_) >> (shift - 64);
-    return {hi_ >> shift, (hi_ << (64 - shift)) | (lo_ >> shift)};
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator<<(int shift) const -> uint128_fallback {
-    if (shift == 64) return {lo_, 0};
-    if (shift > 64) return uint128_fallback(lo_, 0) << (shift - 64);
-    return {hi_ << shift | (lo_ >> (64 - shift)), (lo_ << shift)};
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator>>=(int shift) -> uint128_fallback& {
-    return *this = *this >> shift;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator+=(uint128_fallback n) {
-    uint64_t new_lo = lo_ + n.lo_;
-    uint64_t new_hi = hi_ + n.hi_ + (new_lo < lo_ ? 1 : 0);
-    FMT_ASSERT(new_hi >= hi_, "");
-    lo_ = new_lo;
-    hi_ = new_hi;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator&=(uint128_fallback n) {
-    lo_ &= n.lo_;
-    hi_ &= n.hi_;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator+=(uint64_t n) noexcept -> uint128_fallback& {
-    if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
-      lo_ += n;
-      hi_ += (lo_ < n ? 1 : 0);
-      return *this;
-    }
-#if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_addcll) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
-    unsigned long long carry;
-    lo_ = __builtin_addcll(lo_, n, 0, &carry);
-    hi_ += carry;
-#elif FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ia32_addcarryx_u64) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
-    unsigned long long result;
-    auto carry = __builtin_ia32_addcarryx_u64(0, lo_, n, &result);
-    lo_ = result;
-    hi_ += carry;
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
-    auto carry = _addcarry_u64(0, lo_, n, &lo_);
-    _addcarry_u64(carry, hi_, 0, &hi_);
-#else
-    lo_ += n;
-    hi_ += (lo_ < n ? 1 : 0);
-#endif
-    return *this;
-  }
-};
-
-using uint128_t = conditional_t<FMT_USE_INT128, uint128_opt, uint128_fallback>;
-
-#ifdef UINTPTR_MAX
-using uintptr_t = ::uintptr_t;
-#else
-using uintptr_t = uint128_t;
-#endif
-
-// Returns the largest possible value for type T. Same as
-// std::numeric_limits<T>::max() but shorter and not affected by the max macro.
-template <typename T> constexpr auto max_value() -> T {
-  return (std::numeric_limits<T>::max)();
-}
-template <typename T> constexpr auto num_bits() -> int {
-  return std::numeric_limits<T>::digits;
-}
-// std::numeric_limits<T>::digits may return 0 for 128-bit ints.
-template <> constexpr auto num_bits<int128_opt>() -> int { return 128; }
-template <> constexpr auto num_bits<uint128_t>() -> int { return 128; }
-
-// A heterogeneous bit_cast used for converting 96-bit long double to uint128_t
-// and 128-bit pointers to uint128_fallback.
-template <typename To, typename From, FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(To) > sizeof(From))>
-inline auto bit_cast(const From& from) -> To {
-  constexpr auto size = static_cast<int>(sizeof(From) / sizeof(unsigned));
-  struct data_t {
-    unsigned value[static_cast<unsigned>(size)];
-  } data = bit_cast<data_t>(from);
-  auto result = To();
-  if (const_check(is_big_endian())) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
-      result = (result << num_bits<unsigned>()) | data.value[i];
-  } else {
-    for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; --i)
-      result = (result << num_bits<unsigned>()) | data.value[i];
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-template <typename UInt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero_fallback(UInt n) -> int {
-  int lz = 0;
-  constexpr UInt msb_mask = static_cast<UInt>(1) << (num_bits<UInt>() - 1);
-  for (; (n & msb_mask) == 0; n <<= 1) lz++;
-  return lz;
-}
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero(uint32_t n) -> int {
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) return FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n);
-#endif
-  return countl_zero_fallback(n);
-}
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero(uint64_t n) -> int {
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) return FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n);
-#endif
-  return countl_zero_fallback(n);
-}
-
-FMT_INLINE void assume(bool condition) {
-  (void)condition;
-#if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_assume) && !FMT_ICC_VERSION
-  __builtin_assume(condition);
-#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION
-  if (!condition) __builtin_unreachable();
-#endif
-}
-
-// An approximation of iterator_t for pre-C++20 systems.
-template <typename T>
-using iterator_t = decltype(std::begin(std::declval<T&>()));
-template <typename T> using sentinel_t = decltype(std::end(std::declval<T&>()));
-
-// A workaround for std::string not having mutable data() until C++17.
-template <typename Char>
-inline auto get_data(std::basic_string<Char>& s) -> Char* {
-  return &s[0];
-}
-template <typename Container>
-inline auto get_data(Container& c) -> typename Container::value_type* {
-  return c.data();
-}
-
-// Attempts to reserve space for n extra characters in the output range.
-// Returns a pointer to the reserved range or a reference to it.
-template <typename Container, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_contiguous<Container>::value)>
-#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 307 && !FMT_ICC_VERSION
-__attribute__((no_sanitize("undefined")))
-#endif
-inline auto
-reserve(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it, size_t n) ->
-    typename Container::value_type* {
-  Container& c = get_container(it);
-  size_t size = c.size();
-  c.resize(size + n);
-  return get_data(c) + size;
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-inline auto reserve(buffer_appender<T> it, size_t n) -> buffer_appender<T> {
-  buffer<T>& buf = get_container(it);
-  buf.try_reserve(buf.size() + n);
-  return it;
-}
-
-template <typename Iterator>
-constexpr auto reserve(Iterator& it, size_t) -> Iterator& {
-  return it;
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt>
-using reserve_iterator =
-    remove_reference_t<decltype(reserve(std::declval<OutputIt&>(), 0))>;
-
-template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
-constexpr auto to_pointer(OutputIt, size_t) -> T* {
-  return nullptr;
-}
-template <typename T> auto to_pointer(buffer_appender<T> it, size_t n) -> T* {
-  buffer<T>& buf = get_container(it);
-  auto size = buf.size();
-  if (buf.capacity() < size + n) return nullptr;
-  buf.try_resize(size + n);
-  return buf.data() + size;
-}
-
-template <typename Container, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_contiguous<Container>::value)>
-inline auto base_iterator(std::back_insert_iterator<Container> it,
-                          typename Container::value_type*)
-    -> std::back_insert_iterator<Container> {
-  return it;
-}
-
-template <typename Iterator>
-constexpr auto base_iterator(Iterator, Iterator it) -> Iterator {
-  return it;
-}
-
-// <algorithm> is spectacularly slow to compile in C++20 so use a simple fill_n
-// instead (#1998).
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Size, typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fill_n(OutputIt out, Size count, const T& value)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  for (Size i = 0; i < count; ++i) *out++ = value;
-  return out;
-}
-template <typename T, typename Size>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto fill_n(T* out, Size count, char value) -> T* {
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
-    return fill_n<T*, Size, T>(out, count, value);
-  }
-  std::memset(out, value, to_unsigned(count));
-  return out + count;
-}
-
-#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
-using char8_type = char8_t;
-#else
-enum char8_type : unsigned char {};
-#endif
-
-template <typename OutChar, typename InputIt, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_NOINLINE auto copy_str_noinline(InputIt begin, InputIt end,
-                                                  OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
-  return copy_str<OutChar>(begin, end, out);
-}
-
-// A public domain branchless UTF-8 decoder by Christopher Wellons:
-// https://github.com/skeeto/branchless-utf8
-/* Decode the next character, c, from s, reporting errors in e.
- *
- * Since this is a branchless decoder, four bytes will be read from the
- * buffer regardless of the actual length of the next character. This
- * means the buffer _must_ have at least three bytes of zero padding
- * following the end of the data stream.
- *
- * Errors are reported in e, which will be non-zero if the parsed
- * character was somehow invalid: invalid byte sequence, non-canonical
- * encoding, or a surrogate half.
- *
- * The function returns a pointer to the next character. When an error
- * occurs, this pointer will be a guess that depends on the particular
- * error, but it will always advance at least one byte.
- */
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto utf8_decode(const char* s, uint32_t* c, int* e)
-    -> const char* {
-  constexpr const int masks[] = {0x00, 0x7f, 0x1f, 0x0f, 0x07};
-  constexpr const uint32_t mins[] = {4194304, 0, 128, 2048, 65536};
-  constexpr const int shiftc[] = {0, 18, 12, 6, 0};
-  constexpr const int shifte[] = {0, 6, 4, 2, 0};
-
-  int len = "\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\2\2\2\3\3\4"
-      [static_cast<unsigned char>(*s) >> 3];
-  // Compute the pointer to the next character early so that the next
-  // iteration can start working on the next character. Neither Clang
-  // nor GCC figure out this reordering on their own.
-  const char* next = s + len + !len;
-
-  using uchar = unsigned char;
-
-  // Assume a four-byte character and load four bytes. Unused bits are
-  // shifted out.
-  *c = uint32_t(uchar(s[0]) & masks[len]) << 18;
-  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[1]) & 0x3f) << 12;
-  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[2]) & 0x3f) << 6;
-  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[3]) & 0x3f) << 0;
-  *c >>= shiftc[len];
-
-  // Accumulate the various error conditions.
-  *e = (*c < mins[len]) << 6;       // non-canonical encoding
-  *e |= ((*c >> 11) == 0x1b) << 7;  // surrogate half?
-  *e |= (*c > 0x10FFFF) << 8;       // out of range?
-  *e |= (uchar(s[1]) & 0xc0) >> 2;
-  *e |= (uchar(s[2]) & 0xc0) >> 4;
-  *e |= uchar(s[3]) >> 6;
-  *e ^= 0x2a;  // top two bits of each tail byte correct?
-  *e >>= shifte[len];
-
-  return next;
-}
-
-constexpr FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE uint32_t invalid_code_point = ~uint32_t();
-
-// Invokes f(cp, sv) for every code point cp in s with sv being the string view
-// corresponding to the code point. cp is invalid_code_point on error.
-template <typename F>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each_codepoint(string_view s, F f) {
-  auto decode = [f](const char* buf_ptr, const char* ptr) {
-    auto cp = uint32_t();
-    auto error = 0;
-    auto end = utf8_decode(buf_ptr, &cp, &error);
-    bool result = f(error ? invalid_code_point : cp,
-                    string_view(ptr, error ? 1 : to_unsigned(end - buf_ptr)));
-    return result ? (error ? buf_ptr + 1 : end) : nullptr;
-  };
-  auto p = s.data();
-  const size_t block_size = 4;  // utf8_decode always reads blocks of 4 chars.
-  if (s.size() >= block_size) {
-    for (auto end = p + s.size() - block_size + 1; p < end;) {
-      p = decode(p, p);
-      if (!p) return;
-    }
-  }
-  if (auto num_chars_left = s.data() + s.size() - p) {
-    char buf[2 * block_size - 1] = {};
-    copy_str<char>(p, p + num_chars_left, buf);
-    const char* buf_ptr = buf;
-    do {
-      auto end = decode(buf_ptr, p);
-      if (!end) return;
-      p += end - buf_ptr;
-      buf_ptr = end;
-    } while (buf_ptr - buf < num_chars_left);
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-inline auto compute_width(basic_string_view<Char> s) -> size_t {
-  return s.size();
-}
-
-// Computes approximate display width of a UTF-8 string.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto compute_width(string_view s) -> size_t {
-  size_t num_code_points = 0;
-  // It is not a lambda for compatibility with C++14.
-  struct count_code_points {
-    size_t* count;
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(uint32_t cp, string_view) const -> bool {
-      *count += detail::to_unsigned(
-          1 +
-          (cp >= 0x1100 &&
-           (cp <= 0x115f ||  // Hangul Jamo init. consonants
-            cp == 0x2329 ||  // LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
-            cp == 0x232a ||  // RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
-            // CJK ... Yi except IDEOGRAPHIC HALF FILL SPACE:
-            (cp >= 0x2e80 && cp <= 0xa4cf && cp != 0x303f) ||
-            (cp >= 0xac00 && cp <= 0xd7a3) ||    // Hangul Syllables
-            (cp >= 0xf900 && cp <= 0xfaff) ||    // CJK Compatibility Ideographs
-            (cp >= 0xfe10 && cp <= 0xfe19) ||    // Vertical Forms
-            (cp >= 0xfe30 && cp <= 0xfe6f) ||    // CJK Compatibility Forms
-            (cp >= 0xff00 && cp <= 0xff60) ||    // Fullwidth Forms
-            (cp >= 0xffe0 && cp <= 0xffe6) ||    // Fullwidth Forms
-            (cp >= 0x20000 && cp <= 0x2fffd) ||  // CJK
-            (cp >= 0x30000 && cp <= 0x3fffd) ||
-            // Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs + Emoticons:
-            (cp >= 0x1f300 && cp <= 0x1f64f) ||
-            // Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs:
-            (cp >= 0x1f900 && cp <= 0x1f9ff))));
-      return true;
-    }
-  };
-  // We could avoid branches by using utf8_decode directly.
-  for_each_codepoint(s, count_code_points{&num_code_points});
-  return num_code_points;
-}
-
-inline auto compute_width(basic_string_view<char8_type> s) -> size_t {
-  return compute_width(
-      string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s.data()), s.size()));
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-inline auto code_point_index(basic_string_view<Char> s, size_t n) -> size_t {
-  size_t size = s.size();
-  return n < size ? n : size;
-}
-
-// Calculates the index of the nth code point in a UTF-8 string.
-inline auto code_point_index(string_view s, size_t n) -> size_t {
-  size_t result = s.size();
-  const char* begin = s.begin();
-  for_each_codepoint(s, [begin, &n, &result](uint32_t, string_view sv) {
-    if (n != 0) {
-      --n;
-      return true;
-    }
-    result = to_unsigned(sv.begin() - begin);
-    return false;
-  });
-  return result;
-}
-
-inline auto code_point_index(basic_string_view<char8_type> s, size_t n)
-    -> size_t {
-  return code_point_index(
-      string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s.data()), s.size()), n);
-}
-
-template <typename T> struct is_integral : std::is_integral<T> {};
-template <> struct is_integral<int128_opt> : std::true_type {};
-template <> struct is_integral<uint128_t> : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename T>
-using is_signed =
-    std::integral_constant<bool, std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed ||
-                                     std::is_same<T, int128_opt>::value>;
-
-template <typename T>
-using is_integer =
-    bool_constant<is_integral<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
-                  !std::is_same<T, char>::value &&
-                  !std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value>;
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_FLOAT
-#  define FMT_USE_FLOAT 1
-#endif
-#ifndef FMT_USE_DOUBLE
-#  define FMT_USE_DOUBLE 1
-#endif
-#ifndef FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE
-#  define FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE 1
-#endif
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_FLOAT128
-#  ifdef __clang__
-// Clang emulates GCC, so it has to appear early.
-#    if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<quadmath.h>)
-#      define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 1
-#    endif
-#  elif defined(__GNUC__)
-// GNU C++:
-#    if defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_FLOAT128) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
-#      define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 1
-#    endif
-#  endif
-#  ifndef FMT_USE_FLOAT128
-#    define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 0
-#  endif
-#endif
-
-#if FMT_USE_FLOAT128
-using float128 = __float128;
-#else
-using float128 = void;
-#endif
-template <typename T> using is_float128 = std::is_same<T, float128>;
-
-template <typename T>
-using is_floating_point =
-    bool_constant<std::is_floating_point<T>::value || is_float128<T>::value>;
-
-template <typename T, bool = std::is_floating_point<T>::value>
-struct is_fast_float : bool_constant<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559 &&
-                                     sizeof(T) <= sizeof(double)> {};
-template <typename T> struct is_fast_float<T, false> : std::false_type {};
-
-template <typename T>
-using is_double_double = bool_constant<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 106>;
-
-#ifndef FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
-#  define FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX 0
-#endif
-
-template <typename T>
-template <typename U>
-void buffer<T>::append(const U* begin, const U* end) {
-  while (begin != end) {
-    auto count = to_unsigned(end - begin);
-    try_reserve(size_ + count);
-    auto free_cap = capacity_ - size_;
-    if (free_cap < count) count = free_cap;
-    std::uninitialized_copy_n(begin, count, ptr_ + size_);
-    size_ += count;
-    begin += count;
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
-struct is_locale : std::false_type {};
-template <typename T>
-struct is_locale<T, void_t<decltype(T::classic())>> : std::true_type {};
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-
-// The number of characters to store in the basic_memory_buffer object itself
-// to avoid dynamic memory allocation.
-enum { inline_buffer_size = 500 };
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  A dynamically growing memory buffer for trivially copyable/constructible types
-  with the first ``SIZE`` elements stored in the object itself.
-
-  You can use the ``memory_buffer`` type alias for ``char`` instead.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-     auto out = fmt::memory_buffer();
-     fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "The answer is {}.", 42);
-
-  This will append the following output to the ``out`` object:
-
-  .. code-block:: none
-
-     The answer is 42.
-
-  The output can be converted to an ``std::string`` with ``to_string(out)``.
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename T, size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size,
-          typename Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
-class basic_memory_buffer final : public detail::buffer<T> {
- private:
-  T store_[SIZE];
-
-  // Don't inherit from Allocator to avoid generating type_info for it.
-  FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS Allocator alloc_;
-
-  // Deallocate memory allocated by the buffer.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void deallocate() {
-    T* data = this->data();
-    if (data != store_) alloc_.deallocate(data, this->capacity());
-  }
-
- protected:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(size_t size) override {
-    detail::abort_fuzzing_if(size > 5000);
-    const size_t max_size = std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::max_size(alloc_);
-    size_t old_capacity = this->capacity();
-    size_t new_capacity = old_capacity + old_capacity / 2;
-    if (size > new_capacity)
-      new_capacity = size;
-    else if (new_capacity > max_size)
-      new_capacity = size > max_size ? size : max_size;
-    T* old_data = this->data();
-    T* new_data =
-        std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::allocate(alloc_, new_capacity);
-    // Suppress a bogus -Wstringop-overflow in gcc 13.1 (#3481).
-    detail::assume(this->size() <= new_capacity);
-    // The following code doesn't throw, so the raw pointer above doesn't leak.
-    std::uninitialized_copy_n(old_data, this->size(), new_data);
-    this->set(new_data, new_capacity);
-    // deallocate must not throw according to the standard, but even if it does,
-    // the buffer already uses the new storage and will deallocate it in
-    // destructor.
-    if (old_data != store_) alloc_.deallocate(old_data, old_capacity);
-  }
-
- public:
-  using value_type = T;
-  using const_reference = const T&;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 explicit basic_memory_buffer(
-      const Allocator& alloc = Allocator())
-      : alloc_(alloc) {
-    this->set(store_, SIZE);
-    if (detail::is_constant_evaluated()) detail::fill_n(store_, SIZE, T());
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 ~basic_memory_buffer() { deallocate(); }
-
- private:
-  // Move data from other to this buffer.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void move(basic_memory_buffer& other) {
-    alloc_ = std::move(other.alloc_);
-    T* data = other.data();
-    size_t size = other.size(), capacity = other.capacity();
-    if (data == other.store_) {
-      this->set(store_, capacity);
-      detail::copy_str<T>(other.store_, other.store_ + size, store_);
-    } else {
-      this->set(data, capacity);
-      // Set pointer to the inline array so that delete is not called
-      // when deallocating.
-      other.set(other.store_, 0);
-      other.clear();
-    }
-    this->resize(size);
-  }
-
- public:
-  /**
-    \rst
-    Constructs a :class:`fmt::basic_memory_buffer` object moving the content
-    of the other object to it.
-    \endrst
-   */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 basic_memory_buffer(basic_memory_buffer&& other) noexcept {
-    move(other);
-  }
-
-  /**
-    \rst
-    Moves the content of the other ``basic_memory_buffer`` object to this one.
-    \endrst
-   */
-  auto operator=(basic_memory_buffer&& other) noexcept -> basic_memory_buffer& {
-    FMT_ASSERT(this != &other, "");
-    deallocate();
-    move(other);
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  // Returns a copy of the allocator associated with this buffer.
-  auto get_allocator() const -> Allocator { return alloc_; }
-
-  /**
-    Resizes the buffer to contain *count* elements. If T is a POD type new
-    elements may not be initialized.
-   */
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void resize(size_t count) { this->try_resize(count); }
-
-  /** Increases the buffer capacity to *new_capacity*. */
-  void reserve(size_t new_capacity) { this->try_reserve(new_capacity); }
-
-  using detail::buffer<T>::append;
-  template <typename ContiguousRange>
-  void append(const ContiguousRange& range) {
-    append(range.data(), range.data() + range.size());
-  }
-};
-
-using memory_buffer = basic_memory_buffer<char>;
-
-template <typename T, size_t SIZE, typename Allocator>
-struct is_contiguous<basic_memory_buffer<T, SIZE, Allocator>> : std::true_type {
-};
-
-FMT_END_EXPORT
-namespace detail {
-FMT_API auto write_console(int fd, string_view text) -> bool;
-FMT_API auto write_console(std::FILE* f, string_view text) -> bool;
-FMT_API void print(std::FILE*, string_view);
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-
-// Suppress a misleading warning in older versions of clang.
-#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION
-#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
-#endif
-
-/** An error reported from a formatting function. */
-class FMT_SO_VISIBILITY("default") format_error : public std::runtime_error {
- public:
-  using std::runtime_error::runtime_error;
-};
-
-namespace detail_exported {
-#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-template <typename Char, size_t N> struct fixed_string {
-  constexpr fixed_string(const Char (&str)[N]) {
-    detail::copy_str<Char, const Char*, Char*>(static_cast<const Char*>(str),
-                                               str + N, data);
-  }
-  Char data[N] = {};
-};
-#endif
-
-// Converts a compile-time string to basic_string_view.
-template <typename Char, size_t N>
-constexpr auto compile_string_to_view(const Char (&s)[N])
-    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  // Remove trailing NUL character if needed. Won't be present if this is used
-  // with a raw character array (i.e. not defined as a string).
-  return {s, N - (std::char_traits<Char>::to_int_type(s[N - 1]) == 0 ? 1 : 0)};
-}
-template <typename Char>
-constexpr auto compile_string_to_view(detail::std_string_view<Char> s)
-    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
-  return {s.data(), s.size()};
-}
-}  // namespace detail_exported
-
-class loc_value {
- private:
-  basic_format_arg<format_context> value_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!detail::is_float128<T>::value)>
-  loc_value(T value) : value_(detail::make_arg<format_context>(value)) {}
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_float128<T>::value)>
-  loc_value(T) {}
-
-  template <typename Visitor> auto visit(Visitor&& vis) -> decltype(vis(0)) {
-    return visit_format_arg(vis, value_);
-  }
-};
-
-// A locale facet that formats values in UTF-8.
-// It is parameterized on the locale to avoid the heavy <locale> include.
-template <typename Locale> class format_facet : public Locale::facet {
- private:
-  std::string separator_;
-  std::string grouping_;
-  std::string decimal_point_;
-
- protected:
-  virtual auto do_put(appender out, loc_value val,
-                      const format_specs<>& specs) const -> bool;
-
- public:
-  static FMT_API typename Locale::id id;
-
-  explicit format_facet(Locale& loc);
-  explicit format_facet(string_view sep = "",
-                        std::initializer_list<unsigned char> g = {3},
-                        std::string decimal_point = ".")
-      : separator_(sep.data(), sep.size()),
-        grouping_(g.begin(), g.end()),
-        decimal_point_(decimal_point) {}
-
-  auto put(appender out, loc_value val, const format_specs<>& specs) const
-      -> bool {
-    return do_put(out, val, specs);
-  }
-};
-
-namespace detail {
-
-// Returns true if value is negative, false otherwise.
-// Same as `value < 0` but doesn't produce warnings if T is an unsigned type.
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_signed<T>::value)>
-constexpr auto is_negative(T value) -> bool {
-  return value < 0;
-}
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_signed<T>::value)>
-constexpr auto is_negative(T) -> bool {
-  return false;
-}
-
-template <typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto is_supported_floating_point(T) -> bool {
-  if (std::is_same<T, float>()) return FMT_USE_FLOAT;
-  if (std::is_same<T, double>()) return FMT_USE_DOUBLE;
-  if (std::is_same<T, long double>()) return FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE;
-  return true;
-}
-
-// Smallest of uint32_t, uint64_t, uint128_t that is large enough to
-// represent all values of an integral type T.
-template <typename T>
-using uint32_or_64_or_128_t =
-    conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 32 && !FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS,
-                  uint32_t,
-                  conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 64, uint64_t, uint128_t>>;
-template <typename T>
-using uint64_or_128_t = conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 64, uint64_t, uint128_t>;
-
-#define FMT_POWERS_OF_10(factor)                                  \
-  factor * 10, (factor) * 100, (factor) * 1000, (factor) * 10000, \
-      (factor) * 100000, (factor) * 1000000, (factor) * 10000000, \
-      (factor) * 100000000, (factor) * 1000000000
-
-// Converts value in the range [0, 100) to a string.
-constexpr auto digits2(size_t value) -> const char* {
-  // GCC generates slightly better code when value is pointer-size.
-  return &"0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
-         "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
-         "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
-         "6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
-         "8081828384858687888990919293949596979899"[value * 2];
-}
-
-// Sign is a template parameter to workaround a bug in gcc 4.8.
-template <typename Char, typename Sign> constexpr auto sign(Sign s) -> Char {
-#if !FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 604
-  static_assert(std::is_same<Sign, sign_t>::value, "");
-#endif
-  return static_cast<Char>("\0-+ "[s]);
-}
-
-template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count_digits_fallback(T n) -> int {
-  int count = 1;
-  for (;;) {
-    // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of four digits instead
-    // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
-    // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
-    if (n < 10) return count;
-    if (n < 100) return count + 1;
-    if (n < 1000) return count + 2;
-    if (n < 10000) return count + 3;
-    n /= 10000u;
-    count += 4;
-  }
-}
-#if FMT_USE_INT128
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto count_digits(uint128_opt n) -> int {
-  return count_digits_fallback(n);
-}
-#endif
-
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
-// It is a separate function rather than a part of count_digits to workaround
-// the lack of static constexpr in constexpr functions.
-inline auto do_count_digits(uint64_t n) -> int {
-  // This has comparable performance to the version by Kendall Willets
-  // (https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/digits10)
-  // but uses smaller tables.
-  // Maps bsr(n) to ceil(log10(pow(2, bsr(n) + 1) - 1)).
-  static constexpr uint8_t bsr2log10[] = {
-      1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  2,  3,  3,  3,  4,  4,  4,  4,  5,  5,  5,
-      6,  6,  6,  7,  7,  7,  7,  8,  8,  8,  9,  9,  9,  10, 10, 10,
-      10, 11, 11, 11, 12, 12, 12, 13, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15,
-      15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 19, 19, 19, 19, 20};
-  auto t = bsr2log10[FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n | 1) ^ 63];
-  static constexpr const uint64_t zero_or_powers_of_10[] = {
-      0, 0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1U), FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1000000000ULL),
-      10000000000000000000ULL};
-  return t - (n < zero_or_powers_of_10[t]);
-}
-#endif
-
-// Returns the number of decimal digits in n. Leading zeros are not counted
-// except for n == 0 in which case count_digits returns 1.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto count_digits(uint64_t n) -> int {
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) {
-    return do_count_digits(n);
-  }
-#endif
-  return count_digits_fallback(n);
-}
-
-// Counts the number of digits in n. BITS = log2(radix).
-template <int BITS, typename UInt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count_digits(UInt n) -> int {
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated() && num_bits<UInt>() == 32)
-    return (FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(static_cast<uint32_t>(n) | 1) ^ 31) / BITS + 1;
-#endif
-  // Lambda avoids unreachable code warnings from NVHPC.
-  return [](UInt m) {
-    int num_digits = 0;
-    do {
-      ++num_digits;
-    } while ((m >>= BITS) != 0);
-    return num_digits;
-  }(n);
-}
-
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
-// It is a separate function rather than a part of count_digits to workaround
-// the lack of static constexpr in constexpr functions.
-FMT_INLINE auto do_count_digits(uint32_t n) -> int {
-// An optimization by Kendall Willets from https://bit.ly/3uOIQrB.
-// This increments the upper 32 bits (log10(T) - 1) when >= T is added.
-#  define FMT_INC(T) (((sizeof(#T) - 1ull) << 32) - T)
-  static constexpr uint64_t table[] = {
-      FMT_INC(0),          FMT_INC(0),          FMT_INC(0),           // 8
-      FMT_INC(10),         FMT_INC(10),         FMT_INC(10),          // 64
-      FMT_INC(100),        FMT_INC(100),        FMT_INC(100),         // 512
-      FMT_INC(1000),       FMT_INC(1000),       FMT_INC(1000),        // 4096
-      FMT_INC(10000),      FMT_INC(10000),      FMT_INC(10000),       // 32k
-      FMT_INC(100000),     FMT_INC(100000),     FMT_INC(100000),      // 256k
-      FMT_INC(1000000),    FMT_INC(1000000),    FMT_INC(1000000),     // 2048k
-      FMT_INC(10000000),   FMT_INC(10000000),   FMT_INC(10000000),    // 16M
-      FMT_INC(100000000),  FMT_INC(100000000),  FMT_INC(100000000),   // 128M
-      FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000),  // 1024M
-      FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000)                        // 4B
-  };
-  auto inc = table[FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n | 1) ^ 31];
-  return static_cast<int>((n + inc) >> 32);
-}
-#endif
-
-// Optional version of count_digits for better performance on 32-bit platforms.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto count_digits(uint32_t n) -> int {
-#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) {
-    return do_count_digits(n);
-  }
-#endif
-  return count_digits_fallback(n);
-}
-
-template <typename Int> constexpr auto digits10() noexcept -> int {
-  return std::numeric_limits<Int>::digits10;
-}
-template <> constexpr auto digits10<int128_opt>() noexcept -> int { return 38; }
-template <> constexpr auto digits10<uint128_t>() noexcept -> int { return 38; }
-
-template <typename Char> struct thousands_sep_result {
-  std::string grouping;
-  Char thousands_sep;
-};
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char>;
-template <typename Char>
-inline auto thousands_sep(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
-  auto result = thousands_sep_impl<char>(loc);
-  return {result.grouping, Char(result.thousands_sep)};
-}
-template <>
-inline auto thousands_sep(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t> {
-  return thousands_sep_impl<wchar_t>(loc);
-}
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref loc) -> Char;
-template <typename Char> inline auto decimal_point(locale_ref loc) -> Char {
-  return Char(decimal_point_impl<char>(loc));
-}
-template <> inline auto decimal_point(locale_ref loc) -> wchar_t {
-  return decimal_point_impl<wchar_t>(loc);
-}
-
-// Compares two characters for equality.
-template <typename Char> auto equal2(const Char* lhs, const char* rhs) -> bool {
-  return lhs[0] == Char(rhs[0]) && lhs[1] == Char(rhs[1]);
-}
-inline auto equal2(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) -> bool {
-  return memcmp(lhs, rhs, 2) == 0;
-}
-
-// Copies two characters from src to dst.
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 FMT_INLINE void copy2(Char* dst, const char* src) {
-  if (!is_constant_evaluated() && sizeof(Char) == sizeof(char)) {
-    memcpy(dst, src, 2);
-    return;
-  }
-  *dst++ = static_cast<Char>(*src++);
-  *dst = static_cast<Char>(*src);
-}
-
-template <typename Iterator> struct format_decimal_result {
-  Iterator begin;
-  Iterator end;
-};
-
-// Formats a decimal unsigned integer value writing into out pointing to a
-// buffer of specified size. The caller must ensure that the buffer is large
-// enough.
-template <typename Char, typename UInt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_decimal(Char* out, UInt value, int size)
-    -> format_decimal_result<Char*> {
-  FMT_ASSERT(size >= count_digits(value), "invalid digit count");
-  out += size;
-  Char* end = out;
-  while (value >= 100) {
-    // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of two digits instead
-    // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
-    // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
-    out -= 2;
-    copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<size_t>(value % 100)));
-    value /= 100;
-  }
-  if (value < 10) {
-    *--out = static_cast<Char>('0' + value);
-    return {out, end};
-  }
-  out -= 2;
-  copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<size_t>(value)));
-  return {out, end};
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename UInt, typename Iterator,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_pointer<remove_cvref_t<Iterator>>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto format_decimal(Iterator out, UInt value, int size)
-    -> format_decimal_result<Iterator> {
-  // Buffer is large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1).
-  Char buffer[digits10<UInt>() + 1] = {};
-  auto end = format_decimal(buffer, value, size).end;
-  return {out, detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(buffer, end, out)};
-}
-
-template <unsigned BASE_BITS, typename Char, typename UInt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format_uint(Char* buffer, UInt value, int num_digits,
-                               bool upper = false) -> Char* {
-  buffer += num_digits;
-  Char* end = buffer;
-  do {
-    const char* digits = upper ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
-    unsigned digit = static_cast<unsigned>(value & ((1 << BASE_BITS) - 1));
-    *--buffer = static_cast<Char>(BASE_BITS < 4 ? static_cast<char>('0' + digit)
-                                                : digits[digit]);
-  } while ((value >>= BASE_BITS) != 0);
-  return end;
-}
-
-template <unsigned BASE_BITS, typename Char, typename It, typename UInt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto format_uint(It out, UInt value, int num_digits,
-                                      bool upper = false) -> It {
-  if (auto ptr = to_pointer<Char>(out, to_unsigned(num_digits))) {
-    format_uint<BASE_BITS>(ptr, value, num_digits, upper);
-    return out;
-  }
-  // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits / BASE_BITS + 1).
-  char buffer[num_bits<UInt>() / BASE_BITS + 1] = {};
-  format_uint<BASE_BITS>(buffer, value, num_digits, upper);
-  return detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(buffer, buffer + num_digits, out);
-}
-
-// A converter from UTF-8 to UTF-16.
-class utf8_to_utf16 {
- private:
-  basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t> buffer_;
-
- public:
-  FMT_API explicit utf8_to_utf16(string_view s);
-  operator basic_string_view<wchar_t>() const { return {&buffer_[0], size()}; }
-  auto size() const -> size_t { return buffer_.size() - 1; }
-  auto c_str() const -> const wchar_t* { return &buffer_[0]; }
-  auto str() const -> std::wstring { return {&buffer_[0], size()}; }
-};
-
-enum class to_utf8_error_policy { abort, replace };
-
-// A converter from UTF-16/UTF-32 (host endian) to UTF-8.
-template <typename WChar, typename Buffer = memory_buffer> class to_utf8 {
- private:
-  Buffer buffer_;
-
- public:
-  to_utf8() {}
-  explicit to_utf8(basic_string_view<WChar> s,
-                   to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort) {
-    static_assert(sizeof(WChar) == 2 || sizeof(WChar) == 4,
-                  "Expect utf16 or utf32");
-    if (!convert(s, policy))
-      FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error(sizeof(WChar) == 2 ? "invalid utf16"
-                                                      : "invalid utf32"));
-  }
-  operator string_view() const { return string_view(&buffer_[0], size()); }
-  auto size() const -> size_t { return buffer_.size() - 1; }
-  auto c_str() const -> const char* { return &buffer_[0]; }
-  auto str() const -> std::string { return std::string(&buffer_[0], size()); }
-
-  // Performs conversion returning a bool instead of throwing exception on
-  // conversion error. This method may still throw in case of memory allocation
-  // error.
-  auto convert(basic_string_view<WChar> s,
-               to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort)
-      -> bool {
-    if (!convert(buffer_, s, policy)) return false;
-    buffer_.push_back(0);
-    return true;
-  }
-  static auto convert(Buffer& buf, basic_string_view<WChar> s,
-                      to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort)
-      -> bool {
-    for (auto p = s.begin(); p != s.end(); ++p) {
-      uint32_t c = static_cast<uint32_t>(*p);
-      if (sizeof(WChar) == 2 && c >= 0xd800 && c <= 0xdfff) {
-        // Handle a surrogate pair.
-        ++p;
-        if (p == s.end() || (c & 0xfc00) != 0xd800 || (*p & 0xfc00) != 0xdc00) {
-          if (policy == to_utf8_error_policy::abort) return false;
-          buf.append(string_view("\xEF\xBF\xBD"));
-          --p;
-        } else {
-          c = (c << 10) + static_cast<uint32_t>(*p) - 0x35fdc00;
-        }
-      } else if (c < 0x80) {
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(c));
-      } else if (c < 0x800) {
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xc0 | (c >> 6)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
-      } else if ((c >= 0x800 && c <= 0xd7ff) || (c >= 0xe000 && c <= 0xffff)) {
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xe0 | (c >> 12)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0xfff) >> 6)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
-      } else if (c >= 0x10000 && c <= 0x10ffff) {
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xf0 | (c >> 18)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0x3ffff) >> 12)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0xfff) >> 6)));
-        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
-      } else {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-};
-
-// Computes 128-bit result of multiplication of two 64-bit unsigned integers.
-inline auto umul128(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
-#if FMT_USE_INT128
-  auto p = static_cast<uint128_opt>(x) * static_cast<uint128_opt>(y);
-  return {static_cast<uint64_t>(p >> 64), static_cast<uint64_t>(p)};
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
-  auto hi = uint64_t();
-  auto lo = _umul128(x, y, &hi);
-  return {hi, lo};
-#else
-  const uint64_t mask = static_cast<uint64_t>(max_value<uint32_t>());
-
-  uint64_t a = x >> 32;
-  uint64_t b = x & mask;
-  uint64_t c = y >> 32;
-  uint64_t d = y & mask;
-
-  uint64_t ac = a * c;
-  uint64_t bc = b * c;
-  uint64_t ad = a * d;
-  uint64_t bd = b * d;
-
-  uint64_t intermediate = (bd >> 32) + (ad & mask) + (bc & mask);
-
-  return {ac + (intermediate >> 32) + (ad >> 32) + (bc >> 32),
-          (intermediate << 32) + (bd & mask)};
-#endif
-}
-
-namespace dragonbox {
-// Computes floor(log10(pow(2, e))) for e in [-2620, 2620] using the method from
-// https://fmt.dev/papers/Dragonbox.pdf#page=28, section 6.1.
-inline auto floor_log10_pow2(int e) noexcept -> int {
-  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 2620 && e >= -2620, "too large exponent");
-  static_assert((-1 >> 1) == -1, "right shift is not arithmetic");
-  return (e * 315653) >> 20;
-}
-
-inline auto floor_log2_pow10(int e) noexcept -> int {
-  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 1233 && e >= -1233, "too large exponent");
-  return (e * 1741647) >> 19;
-}
-
-// Computes upper 64 bits of multiplication of two 64-bit unsigned integers.
-inline auto umul128_upper64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
-#if FMT_USE_INT128
-  auto p = static_cast<uint128_opt>(x) * static_cast<uint128_opt>(y);
-  return static_cast<uint64_t>(p >> 64);
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
-  return __umulh(x, y);
-#else
-  return umul128(x, y).high();
-#endif
-}
-
-// Computes upper 128 bits of multiplication of a 64-bit unsigned integer and a
-// 128-bit unsigned integer.
-inline auto umul192_upper128(uint64_t x, uint128_fallback y) noexcept
-    -> uint128_fallback {
-  uint128_fallback r = umul128(x, y.high());
-  r += umul128_upper64(x, y.low());
-  return r;
-}
-
-FMT_API auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback;
-
-// Type-specific information that Dragonbox uses.
-template <typename T, typename Enable = void> struct float_info;
-
-template <> struct float_info<float> {
-  using carrier_uint = uint32_t;
-  static const int exponent_bits = 8;
-  static const int kappa = 1;
-  static const int big_divisor = 100;
-  static const int small_divisor = 10;
-  static const int min_k = -31;
-  static const int max_k = 46;
-  static const int shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold = -35;
-  static const int shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold = -35;
-};
-
-template <> struct float_info<double> {
-  using carrier_uint = uint64_t;
-  static const int exponent_bits = 11;
-  static const int kappa = 2;
-  static const int big_divisor = 1000;
-  static const int small_divisor = 100;
-  static const int min_k = -292;
-  static const int max_k = 341;
-  static const int shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold = -77;
-  static const int shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold = -77;
-};
-
-// An 80- or 128-bit floating point number.
-template <typename T>
-struct float_info<T, enable_if_t<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 64 ||
-                                 std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 113 ||
-                                 is_float128<T>::value>> {
-  using carrier_uint = detail::uint128_t;
-  static const int exponent_bits = 15;
-};
-
-// A double-double floating point number.
-template <typename T>
-struct float_info<T, enable_if_t<is_double_double<T>::value>> {
-  using carrier_uint = detail::uint128_t;
-};
-
-template <typename T> struct decimal_fp {
-  using significand_type = typename float_info<T>::carrier_uint;
-  significand_type significand;
-  int exponent;
-};
-
-template <typename T> FMT_API auto to_decimal(T x) noexcept -> decimal_fp<T>;
-}  // namespace dragonbox
-
-// Returns true iff Float has the implicit bit which is not stored.
-template <typename Float> constexpr auto has_implicit_bit() -> bool {
-  // An 80-bit FP number has a 64-bit significand an no implicit bit.
-  return std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits != 64;
-}
-
-// Returns the number of significand bits stored in Float. The implicit bit is
-// not counted since it is not stored.
-template <typename Float> constexpr auto num_significand_bits() -> int {
-  // std::numeric_limits may not support __float128.
-  return is_float128<Float>() ? 112
-                              : (std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits -
-                                 (has_implicit_bit<Float>() ? 1 : 0));
-}
-
-template <typename Float>
-constexpr auto exponent_mask() ->
-    typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint {
-  using float_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint;
-  return ((float_uint(1) << dragonbox::float_info<Float>::exponent_bits) - 1)
-         << num_significand_bits<Float>();
-}
-template <typename Float> constexpr auto exponent_bias() -> int {
-  // std::numeric_limits may not support __float128.
-  return is_float128<Float>() ? 16383
-                              : std::numeric_limits<Float>::max_exponent - 1;
-}
-
-// Writes the exponent exp in the form "[+-]d{2,3}" to buffer.
-template <typename Char, typename It>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_exponent(int exp, It it) -> It {
-  FMT_ASSERT(-10000 < exp && exp < 10000, "exponent out of range");
-  if (exp < 0) {
-    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
-    exp = -exp;
-  } else {
-    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('+');
-  }
-  if (exp >= 100) {
-    const char* top = digits2(to_unsigned(exp / 100));
-    if (exp >= 1000) *it++ = static_cast<Char>(top[0]);
-    *it++ = static_cast<Char>(top[1]);
-    exp %= 100;
-  }
-  const char* d = digits2(to_unsigned(exp));
-  *it++ = static_cast<Char>(d[0]);
-  *it++ = static_cast<Char>(d[1]);
-  return it;
-}
-
-// A floating-point number f * pow(2, e) where F is an unsigned type.
-template <typename F> struct basic_fp {
-  F f;
-  int e;
-
-  static constexpr const int num_significand_bits =
-      static_cast<int>(sizeof(F) * num_bits<unsigned char>());
-
-  constexpr basic_fp() : f(0), e(0) {}
-  constexpr basic_fp(uint64_t f_val, int e_val) : f(f_val), e(e_val) {}
-
-  // Constructs fp from an IEEE754 floating-point number.
-  template <typename Float> FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_fp(Float n) { assign(n); }
-
-  // Assigns n to this and return true iff predecessor is closer than successor.
-  template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_double_double<Float>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto assign(Float n) -> bool {
-    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits <= 113, "unsupported FP");
-    // Assume Float is in the format [sign][exponent][significand].
-    using carrier_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint;
-    const auto num_float_significand_bits =
-        detail::num_significand_bits<Float>();
-    const auto implicit_bit = carrier_uint(1) << num_float_significand_bits;
-    const auto significand_mask = implicit_bit - 1;
-    auto u = bit_cast<carrier_uint>(n);
-    f = static_cast<F>(u & significand_mask);
-    auto biased_e = static_cast<int>((u & exponent_mask<Float>()) >>
-                                     num_float_significand_bits);
-    // The predecessor is closer if n is a normalized power of 2 (f == 0)
-    // other than the smallest normalized number (biased_e > 1).
-    auto is_predecessor_closer = f == 0 && biased_e > 1;
-    if (biased_e == 0)
-      biased_e = 1;  // Subnormals use biased exponent 1 (min exponent).
-    else if (has_implicit_bit<Float>())
-      f += static_cast<F>(implicit_bit);
-    e = biased_e - exponent_bias<Float>() - num_float_significand_bits;
-    if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) ++e;
-    return is_predecessor_closer;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_double_double<Float>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto assign(Float n) -> bool {
-    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559, "unsupported FP");
-    return assign(static_cast<double>(n));
-  }
-};
-
-using fp = basic_fp<unsigned long long>;
-
-// Normalizes the value converted from double and multiplied by (1 << SHIFT).
-template <int SHIFT = 0, typename F>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto normalize(basic_fp<F> value) -> basic_fp<F> {
-  // Handle subnormals.
-  const auto implicit_bit = F(1) << num_significand_bits<double>();
-  const auto shifted_implicit_bit = implicit_bit << SHIFT;
-  while ((value.f & shifted_implicit_bit) == 0) {
-    value.f <<= 1;
-    --value.e;
-  }
-  // Subtract 1 to account for hidden bit.
-  const auto offset = basic_fp<F>::num_significand_bits -
-                      num_significand_bits<double>() - SHIFT - 1;
-  value.f <<= offset;
-  value.e -= offset;
-  return value;
-}
-
-// Computes lhs * rhs / pow(2, 64) rounded to nearest with half-up tie breaking.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto multiply(uint64_t lhs, uint64_t rhs) -> uint64_t {
-#if FMT_USE_INT128
-  auto product = static_cast<__uint128_t>(lhs) * rhs;
-  auto f = static_cast<uint64_t>(product >> 64);
-  return (static_cast<uint64_t>(product) & (1ULL << 63)) != 0 ? f + 1 : f;
-#else
-  // Multiply 32-bit parts of significands.
-  uint64_t mask = (1ULL << 32) - 1;
-  uint64_t a = lhs >> 32, b = lhs & mask;
-  uint64_t c = rhs >> 32, d = rhs & mask;
-  uint64_t ac = a * c, bc = b * c, ad = a * d, bd = b * d;
-  // Compute mid 64-bit of result and round.
-  uint64_t mid = (bd >> 32) + (ad & mask) + (bc & mask) + (1U << 31);
-  return ac + (ad >> 32) + (bc >> 32) + (mid >> 32);
-#endif
-}
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto operator*(fp x, fp y) -> fp {
-  return {multiply(x.f, y.f), x.e + y.e + 64};
-}
-
-template <typename T, bool doublish = num_bits<T>() == num_bits<double>()>
-using convert_float_result =
-    conditional_t<std::is_same<T, float>::value || doublish, double, T>;
-
-template <typename T>
-constexpr auto convert_float(T value) -> convert_float_result<T> {
-  return static_cast<convert_float_result<T>>(value);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
-FMT_NOINLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fill(OutputIt it, size_t n,
-                                     const fill_t<Char>& fill) -> OutputIt {
-  auto fill_size = fill.size();
-  if (fill_size == 1) return detail::fill_n(it, n, fill[0]);
-  auto data = fill.data();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i)
-    it = copy_str<Char>(data, data + fill_size, it);
-  return it;
-}
-
-// Writes the output of f, padded according to format specifications in specs.
-// size: output size in code units.
-// width: output display width in (terminal) column positions.
-template <align::type align = align::left, typename OutputIt, typename Char,
-          typename F>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_padded(OutputIt out, const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                size_t size, size_t width, F&& f) -> OutputIt {
-  static_assert(align == align::left || align == align::right, "");
-  unsigned spec_width = to_unsigned(specs.width);
-  size_t padding = spec_width > width ? spec_width - width : 0;
-  // Shifts are encoded as string literals because static constexpr is not
-  // supported in constexpr functions.
-  auto* shifts = align == align::left ? "\x1f\x1f\x00\x01" : "\x00\x1f\x00\x01";
-  size_t left_padding = padding >> shifts[specs.align];
-  size_t right_padding = padding - left_padding;
-  auto it = reserve(out, size + padding * specs.fill.size());
-  if (left_padding != 0) it = fill(it, left_padding, specs.fill);
-  it = f(it);
-  if (right_padding != 0) it = fill(it, right_padding, specs.fill);
-  return base_iterator(out, it);
-}
-
-template <align::type align = align::left, typename OutputIt, typename Char,
-          typename F>
-constexpr auto write_padded(OutputIt out, const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                            size_t size, F&& f) -> OutputIt {
-  return write_padded<align>(out, specs, size, size, f);
-}
-
-template <align::type align = align::left, typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_bytes(OutputIt out, string_view bytes,
-                               const format_specs<Char>& specs) -> OutputIt {
-  return write_padded<align>(
-      out, specs, bytes.size(), [bytes](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-        const char* data = bytes.data();
-        return copy_str<Char>(data, data + bytes.size(), it);
-      });
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename UIntPtr>
-auto write_ptr(OutputIt out, UIntPtr value, const format_specs<Char>* specs)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  int num_digits = count_digits<4>(value);
-  auto size = to_unsigned(num_digits) + size_t(2);
-  auto write = [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('0');
-    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('x');
-    return format_uint<4, Char>(it, value, num_digits);
-  };
-  return specs ? write_padded<align::right>(out, *specs, size, write)
-               : base_iterator(out, write(reserve(out, size)));
-}
-
-// Returns true iff the code point cp is printable.
-FMT_API auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool;
-
-inline auto needs_escape(uint32_t cp) -> bool {
-  return cp < 0x20 || cp == 0x7f || cp == '"' || cp == '\\' ||
-         !is_printable(cp);
-}
-
-template <typename Char> struct find_escape_result {
-  const Char* begin;
-  const Char* end;
-  uint32_t cp;
-};
-
-template <typename Char>
-using make_unsigned_char =
-    typename conditional_t<std::is_integral<Char>::value,
-                           std::make_unsigned<Char>,
-                           type_identity<uint32_t>>::type;
-
-template <typename Char>
-auto find_escape(const Char* begin, const Char* end)
-    -> find_escape_result<Char> {
-  for (; begin != end; ++begin) {
-    uint32_t cp = static_cast<make_unsigned_char<Char>>(*begin);
-    if (const_check(sizeof(Char) == 1) && cp >= 0x80) continue;
-    if (needs_escape(cp)) return {begin, begin + 1, cp};
-  }
-  return {begin, nullptr, 0};
-}
-
-inline auto find_escape(const char* begin, const char* end)
-    -> find_escape_result<char> {
-  if (!is_utf8()) return find_escape<char>(begin, end);
-  auto result = find_escape_result<char>{end, nullptr, 0};
-  for_each_codepoint(string_view(begin, to_unsigned(end - begin)),
-                     [&](uint32_t cp, string_view sv) {
-                       if (needs_escape(cp)) {
-                         result = {sv.begin(), sv.end(), cp};
-                         return false;
-                       }
-                       return true;
-                     });
-  return result;
-}
-
-#define FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, base, explicit)                                    \
-  [] {                                                                        \
-    /* Use the hidden visibility as a workaround for a GCC bug (#1973). */    \
-    /* Use a macro-like name to avoid shadowing warnings. */                  \
-    struct FMT_VISIBILITY("hidden") FMT_COMPILE_STRING : base {               \
-      using char_type FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED = fmt::remove_cvref_t<decltype(s[0])>; \
-      FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit                                 \
-      operator fmt::basic_string_view<char_type>() const {                    \
-        return fmt::detail_exported::compile_string_to_view<char_type>(s);    \
-      }                                                                       \
-    };                                                                        \
-    return FMT_COMPILE_STRING();                                              \
-  }()
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Constructs a compile-time format string from a string literal *s*.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    // A compile-time error because 'd' is an invalid specifier for strings.
-    std::string s = fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:d}"), "foo");
-  \endrst
- */
-#define FMT_STRING(s) FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, fmt::detail::compile_string, )
-
-template <size_t width, typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-auto write_codepoint(OutputIt out, char prefix, uint32_t cp) -> OutputIt {
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>(prefix);
-  Char buf[width];
-  fill_n(buf, width, static_cast<Char>('0'));
-  format_uint<4>(buf, cp, width);
-  return copy_str<Char>(buf, buf + width, out);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
-auto write_escaped_cp(OutputIt out, const find_escape_result<Char>& escape)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  auto c = static_cast<Char>(escape.cp);
-  switch (escape.cp) {
-  case '\n':
-    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
-    c = static_cast<Char>('n');
-    break;
-  case '\r':
-    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
-    c = static_cast<Char>('r');
-    break;
-  case '\t':
-    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
-    c = static_cast<Char>('t');
-    break;
-  case '"':
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case '\'':
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case '\\':
-    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
-    break;
-  default:
-    if (escape.cp < 0x100) {
-      return write_codepoint<2, Char>(out, 'x', escape.cp);
-    }
-    if (escape.cp < 0x10000) {
-      return write_codepoint<4, Char>(out, 'u', escape.cp);
-    }
-    if (escape.cp < 0x110000) {
-      return write_codepoint<8, Char>(out, 'U', escape.cp);
-    }
-    for (Char escape_char : basic_string_view<Char>(
-             escape.begin, to_unsigned(escape.end - escape.begin))) {
-      out = write_codepoint<2, Char>(out, 'x',
-                                     static_cast<uint32_t>(escape_char) & 0xFF);
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-  *out++ = c;
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-auto write_escaped_string(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> str)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('"');
-  auto begin = str.begin(), end = str.end();
-  do {
-    auto escape = find_escape(begin, end);
-    out = copy_str<Char>(begin, escape.begin, out);
-    begin = escape.end;
-    if (!begin) break;
-    out = write_escaped_cp<OutputIt, Char>(out, escape);
-  } while (begin != end);
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('"');
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-auto write_escaped_char(OutputIt out, Char v) -> OutputIt {
-  Char v_array[1] = {v};
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\'');
-  if ((needs_escape(static_cast<uint32_t>(v)) && v != static_cast<Char>('"')) ||
-      v == static_cast<Char>('\'')) {
-    out = write_escaped_cp(out,
-                           find_escape_result<Char>{v_array, v_array + 1,
-                                                    static_cast<uint32_t>(v)});
-  } else {
-    *out++ = v;
-  }
-  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\'');
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_char(OutputIt out, Char value,
-                              const format_specs<Char>& specs) -> OutputIt {
-  bool is_debug = specs.type == presentation_type::debug;
-  return write_padded(out, specs, 1, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-    if (is_debug) return write_escaped_char(it, value);
-    *it++ = value;
-    return it;
-  });
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, Char value,
-                         const format_specs<Char>& specs, locale_ref loc = {})
-    -> OutputIt {
-  // char is formatted as unsigned char for consistency across platforms.
-  using unsigned_type =
-      conditional_t<std::is_same<Char, char>::value, unsigned char, unsigned>;
-  return check_char_specs(specs)
-             ? write_char(out, value, specs)
-             : write(out, static_cast<unsigned_type>(value), specs, loc);
-}
-
-// Data for write_int that doesn't depend on output iterator type. It is used to
-// avoid template code bloat.
-template <typename Char> struct write_int_data {
-  size_t size;
-  size_t padding;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR write_int_data(int num_digits, unsigned prefix,
-                               const format_specs<Char>& specs)
-      : size((prefix >> 24) + to_unsigned(num_digits)), padding(0) {
-    if (specs.align == align::numeric) {
-      auto width = to_unsigned(specs.width);
-      if (width > size) {
-        padding = width - size;
-        size = width;
-      }
-    } else if (specs.precision > num_digits) {
-      size = (prefix >> 24) + to_unsigned(specs.precision);
-      padding = to_unsigned(specs.precision - num_digits);
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-// Writes an integer in the format
-//   <left-padding><prefix><numeric-padding><digits><right-padding>
-// where <digits> are written by write_digits(it).
-// prefix contains chars in three lower bytes and the size in the fourth byte.
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename W>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write_int(OutputIt out, int num_digits,
-                                        unsigned prefix,
-                                        const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                        W write_digits) -> OutputIt {
-  // Slightly faster check for specs.width == 0 && specs.precision == -1.
-  if ((specs.width | (specs.precision + 1)) == 0) {
-    auto it = reserve(out, to_unsigned(num_digits) + (prefix >> 24));
-    if (prefix != 0) {
-      for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
-        *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
-    }
-    return base_iterator(out, write_digits(it));
-  }
-  auto data = write_int_data<Char>(num_digits, prefix, specs);
-  return write_padded<align::right>(
-      out, specs, data.size, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-        for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
-          *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
-        it = detail::fill_n(it, data.padding, static_cast<Char>('0'));
-        return write_digits(it);
-      });
-}
-
-template <typename Char> class digit_grouping {
- private:
-  std::string grouping_;
-  std::basic_string<Char> thousands_sep_;
-
-  struct next_state {
-    std::string::const_iterator group;
-    int pos;
-  };
-  auto initial_state() const -> next_state { return {grouping_.begin(), 0}; }
-
-  // Returns the next digit group separator position.
-  auto next(next_state& state) const -> int {
-    if (thousands_sep_.empty()) return max_value<int>();
-    if (state.group == grouping_.end()) return state.pos += grouping_.back();
-    if (*state.group <= 0 || *state.group == max_value<char>())
-      return max_value<int>();
-    state.pos += *state.group++;
-    return state.pos;
-  }
-
- public:
-  explicit digit_grouping(locale_ref loc, bool localized = true) {
-    if (!localized) return;
-    auto sep = thousands_sep<Char>(loc);
-    grouping_ = sep.grouping;
-    if (sep.thousands_sep) thousands_sep_.assign(1, sep.thousands_sep);
-  }
-  digit_grouping(std::string grouping, std::basic_string<Char> sep)
-      : grouping_(std::move(grouping)), thousands_sep_(std::move(sep)) {}
-
-  auto has_separator() const -> bool { return !thousands_sep_.empty(); }
-
-  auto count_separators(int num_digits) const -> int {
-    int count = 0;
-    auto state = initial_state();
-    while (num_digits > next(state)) ++count;
-    return count;
-  }
-
-  // Applies grouping to digits and write the output to out.
-  template <typename Out, typename C>
-  auto apply(Out out, basic_string_view<C> digits) const -> Out {
-    auto num_digits = static_cast<int>(digits.size());
-    auto separators = basic_memory_buffer<int>();
-    separators.push_back(0);
-    auto state = initial_state();
-    while (int i = next(state)) {
-      if (i >= num_digits) break;
-      separators.push_back(i);
-    }
-    for (int i = 0, sep_index = static_cast<int>(separators.size() - 1);
-         i < num_digits; ++i) {
-      if (num_digits - i == separators[sep_index]) {
-        out =
-            copy_str<Char>(thousands_sep_.data(),
-                           thousands_sep_.data() + thousands_sep_.size(), out);
-        --sep_index;
-      }
-      *out++ = static_cast<Char>(digits[to_unsigned(i)]);
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-};
-
-FMT_CONSTEXPR inline void prefix_append(unsigned& prefix, unsigned value) {
-  prefix |= prefix != 0 ? value << 8 : value;
-  prefix += (1u + (value > 0xff ? 1 : 0)) << 24;
-}
-
-// Writes a decimal integer with digit grouping.
-template <typename OutputIt, typename UInt, typename Char>
-auto write_int(OutputIt out, UInt value, unsigned prefix,
-               const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-               const digit_grouping<Char>& grouping) -> OutputIt {
-  static_assert(std::is_same<uint64_or_128_t<UInt>, UInt>::value, "");
-  int num_digits = 0;
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  switch (specs.type) {
-  case presentation_type::none:
-  case presentation_type::dec: {
-    num_digits = count_digits(value);
-    format_decimal<char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
-    break;
-  }
-  case presentation_type::hex_lower:
-  case presentation_type::hex_upper: {
-    bool upper = specs.type == presentation_type::hex_upper;
-    if (specs.alt)
-      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(upper ? 'X' : 'x') << 8 | '0');
-    num_digits = count_digits<4>(value);
-    format_uint<4, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits, upper);
-    break;
-  }
-  case presentation_type::bin_lower:
-  case presentation_type::bin_upper: {
-    bool upper = specs.type == presentation_type::bin_upper;
-    if (specs.alt)
-      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(upper ? 'B' : 'b') << 8 | '0');
-    num_digits = count_digits<1>(value);
-    format_uint<1, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
-    break;
-  }
-  case presentation_type::oct: {
-    num_digits = count_digits<3>(value);
-    // Octal prefix '0' is counted as a digit, so only add it if precision
-    // is not greater than the number of digits.
-    if (specs.alt && specs.precision <= num_digits && value != 0)
-      prefix_append(prefix, '0');
-    format_uint<3, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
-    break;
-  }
-  case presentation_type::chr:
-    return write_char(out, static_cast<Char>(value), specs);
-  default:
-    throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-  }
-
-  unsigned size = (prefix != 0 ? prefix >> 24 : 0) + to_unsigned(num_digits) +
-                  to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(num_digits));
-  return write_padded<align::right>(
-      out, specs, size, size, [&](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-        for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
-          *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
-        return grouping.apply(it, string_view(buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
-      });
-}
-
-// Writes a localized value.
-FMT_API auto write_loc(appender out, loc_value value,
-                       const format_specs<>& specs, locale_ref loc) -> bool;
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
-inline auto write_loc(OutputIt, loc_value, const format_specs<Char>&,
-                      locale_ref) -> bool {
-  return false;
-}
-
-template <typename UInt> struct write_int_arg {
-  UInt abs_value;
-  unsigned prefix;
-};
-
-template <typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_write_int_arg(T value, sign_t sign)
-    -> write_int_arg<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>> {
-  auto prefix = 0u;
-  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
-  if (is_negative(value)) {
-    prefix = 0x01000000 | '-';
-    abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
-  } else {
-    constexpr const unsigned prefixes[4] = {0, 0, 0x1000000u | '+',
-                                            0x1000000u | ' '};
-    prefix = prefixes[sign];
-  }
-  return {abs_value, prefix};
-}
-
-template <typename Char = char> struct loc_writer {
-  buffer_appender<Char> out;
-  const format_specs<Char>& specs;
-  std::basic_string<Char> sep;
-  std::string grouping;
-  std::basic_string<Char> decimal_point;
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
-  auto operator()(T value) -> bool {
-    auto arg = make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign);
-    write_int(out, static_cast<uint64_or_128_t<T>>(arg.abs_value), arg.prefix,
-              specs, digit_grouping<Char>(grouping, sep));
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
-  auto operator()(T) -> bool {
-    return false;
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write_int(OutputIt out, write_int_arg<T> arg,
-                                        const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                        locale_ref) -> OutputIt {
-  static_assert(std::is_same<T, uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>::value, "");
-  auto abs_value = arg.abs_value;
-  auto prefix = arg.prefix;
-  switch (specs.type) {
-  case presentation_type::none:
-  case presentation_type::dec: {
-    auto num_digits = count_digits(abs_value);
-    return write_int(
-        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-          return format_decimal<Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits).end;
-        });
-  }
-  case presentation_type::hex_lower:
-  case presentation_type::hex_upper: {
-    bool upper = specs.type == presentation_type::hex_upper;
-    if (specs.alt)
-      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(upper ? 'X' : 'x') << 8 | '0');
-    int num_digits = count_digits<4>(abs_value);
-    return write_int(
-        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-          return format_uint<4, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits, upper);
-        });
-  }
-  case presentation_type::bin_lower:
-  case presentation_type::bin_upper: {
-    bool upper = specs.type == presentation_type::bin_upper;
-    if (specs.alt)
-      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(upper ? 'B' : 'b') << 8 | '0');
-    int num_digits = count_digits<1>(abs_value);
-    return write_int(out, num_digits, prefix, specs,
-                     [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-                       return format_uint<1, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits);
-                     });
-  }
-  case presentation_type::oct: {
-    int num_digits = count_digits<3>(abs_value);
-    // Octal prefix '0' is counted as a digit, so only add it if precision
-    // is not greater than the number of digits.
-    if (specs.alt && specs.precision <= num_digits && abs_value != 0)
-      prefix_append(prefix, '0');
-    return write_int(out, num_digits, prefix, specs,
-                     [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-                       return format_uint<3, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits);
-                     });
-  }
-  case presentation_type::chr:
-    return write_char(out, static_cast<Char>(abs_value), specs);
-  default:
-    throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-  }
-  return out;
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_NOINLINE auto write_int_noinline(
-    OutputIt out, write_int_arg<T> arg, const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-    locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
-  return write_int(out, arg, specs, loc);
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
-                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
-                        std::is_same<OutputIt, buffer_appender<Char>>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write(OutputIt out, T value,
-                                    const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                    locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
-  if (specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)) return out;
-  return write_int_noinline(out, make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign), specs,
-                            loc);
-}
-// An inlined version of write used in format string compilation.
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
-                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
-                        !std::is_same<OutputIt, buffer_appender<Char>>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write(OutputIt out, T value,
-                                    const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                    locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
-  if (specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)) return out;
-  return write_int(out, make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign), specs, loc);
-}
-
-// An output iterator that counts the number of objects written to it and
-// discards them.
-class counting_iterator {
- private:
-  size_t count_;
-
- public:
-  using iterator_category = std::output_iterator_tag;
-  using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
-  using pointer = void;
-  using reference = void;
-  FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(counting_iterator);
-
-  struct value_type {
-    template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator=(const T&) {}
-  };
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR counting_iterator() : count_(0) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count() const -> size_t { return count_; }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator++() -> counting_iterator& {
-    ++count_;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator++(int) -> counting_iterator {
-    auto it = *this;
-    ++*this;
-    return it;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR friend auto operator+(counting_iterator it, difference_type n)
-      -> counting_iterator {
-    it.count_ += static_cast<size_t>(n);
-    return it;
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator*() const -> value_type { return {}; }
-};
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> s,
-                         const format_specs<Char>& specs) -> OutputIt {
-  auto data = s.data();
-  auto size = s.size();
-  if (specs.precision >= 0 && to_unsigned(specs.precision) < size)
-    size = code_point_index(s, to_unsigned(specs.precision));
-  bool is_debug = specs.type == presentation_type::debug;
-  size_t width = 0;
-  if (specs.width != 0) {
-    if (is_debug)
-      width = write_escaped_string(counting_iterator{}, s).count();
-    else
-      width = compute_width(basic_string_view<Char>(data, size));
-  }
-  return write_padded(out, specs, size, width,
-                      [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-                        if (is_debug) return write_escaped_string(it, s);
-                        return copy_str<Char>(data, data + size, it);
-                      });
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out,
-                         basic_string_view<type_identity_t<Char>> s,
-                         const format_specs<Char>& specs, locale_ref)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  return write(out, s, specs);
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const Char* s,
-                         const format_specs<Char>& specs, locale_ref)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  if (specs.type == presentation_type::pointer)
-    return write_ptr<Char>(out, bit_cast<uintptr_t>(s), &specs);
-  if (!s) throw_format_error("string pointer is null");
-  return write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(s), specs, {});
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
-                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
-                        !std::is_same<T, Char>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
-  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
-  bool negative = is_negative(value);
-  // Don't do -abs_value since it trips unsigned-integer-overflow sanitizer.
-  if (negative) abs_value = ~abs_value + 1;
-  int num_digits = count_digits(abs_value);
-  auto size = (negative ? 1 : 0) + static_cast<size_t>(num_digits);
-  auto it = reserve(out, size);
-  if (auto ptr = to_pointer<Char>(it, size)) {
-    if (negative) *ptr++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
-    format_decimal<Char>(ptr, abs_value, num_digits);
-    return out;
-  }
-  if (negative) *it++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
-  it = format_decimal<Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits).end;
-  return base_iterator(out, it);
-}
-
-// DEPRECATED!
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_align(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
-                               format_specs<Char>& specs) -> const Char* {
-  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
-  auto align = align::none;
-  auto p = begin + code_point_length(begin);
-  if (end - p <= 0) p = begin;
-  for (;;) {
-    switch (to_ascii(*p)) {
-    case '<':
-      align = align::left;
-      break;
-    case '>':
-      align = align::right;
-      break;
-    case '^':
-      align = align::center;
-      break;
-    }
-    if (align != align::none) {
-      if (p != begin) {
-        auto c = *begin;
-        if (c == '}') return begin;
-        if (c == '{') {
-          throw_format_error("invalid fill character '{'");
-          return begin;
-        }
-        specs.fill = {begin, to_unsigned(p - begin)};
-        begin = p + 1;
-      } else {
-        ++begin;
-      }
-      break;
-    } else if (p == begin) {
-      break;
-    }
-    p = begin;
-  }
-  specs.align = align;
-  return begin;
-}
-
-// A floating-point presentation format.
-enum class float_format : unsigned char {
-  general,  // General: exponent notation or fixed point based on magnitude.
-  exp,      // Exponent notation with the default precision of 6, e.g. 1.2e-3.
-  fixed,    // Fixed point with the default precision of 6, e.g. 0.0012.
-  hex
-};
-
-struct float_specs {
-  int precision;
-  float_format format : 8;
-  sign_t sign : 8;
-  bool upper : 1;
-  bool locale : 1;
-  bool binary32 : 1;
-  bool showpoint : 1;
-};
-
-template <typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_float_type_spec(const format_specs<Char>& specs)
-    -> float_specs {
-  auto result = float_specs();
-  result.showpoint = specs.alt;
-  result.locale = specs.localized;
-  switch (specs.type) {
-  case presentation_type::none:
-    result.format = float_format::general;
-    break;
-  case presentation_type::general_upper:
-    result.upper = true;
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case presentation_type::general_lower:
-    result.format = float_format::general;
-    break;
-  case presentation_type::exp_upper:
-    result.upper = true;
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case presentation_type::exp_lower:
-    result.format = float_format::exp;
-    result.showpoint |= specs.precision != 0;
-    break;
-  case presentation_type::fixed_upper:
-    result.upper = true;
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case presentation_type::fixed_lower:
-    result.format = float_format::fixed;
-    result.showpoint |= specs.precision != 0;
-    break;
-  case presentation_type::hexfloat_upper:
-    result.upper = true;
-    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
-  case presentation_type::hexfloat_lower:
-    result.format = float_format::hex;
-    break;
-  default:
-    throw_format_error("invalid format specifier");
-    break;
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_nonfinite(OutputIt out, bool isnan,
-                                     format_specs<Char> specs,
-                                     const float_specs& fspecs) -> OutputIt {
-  auto str =
-      isnan ? (fspecs.upper ? "NAN" : "nan") : (fspecs.upper ? "INF" : "inf");
-  constexpr size_t str_size = 3;
-  auto sign = fspecs.sign;
-  auto size = str_size + (sign ? 1 : 0);
-  // Replace '0'-padding with space for non-finite values.
-  const bool is_zero_fill =
-      specs.fill.size() == 1 && *specs.fill.data() == static_cast<Char>('0');
-  if (is_zero_fill) specs.fill[0] = static_cast<Char>(' ');
-  return write_padded(out, specs, size, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
-    if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
-    return copy_str<Char>(str, str + str_size, it);
-  });
-}
-
-// A decimal floating-point number significand * pow(10, exp).
-struct big_decimal_fp {
-  const char* significand;
-  int significand_size;
-  int exponent;
-};
-
-constexpr auto get_significand_size(const big_decimal_fp& f) -> int {
-  return f.significand_size;
-}
-template <typename T>
-inline auto get_significand_size(const dragonbox::decimal_fp<T>& f) -> int {
-  return count_digits(f.significand);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-constexpr auto write_significand(OutputIt out, const char* significand,
-                                 int significand_size) -> OutputIt {
-  return copy_str<Char>(significand, significand + significand_size, out);
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename UInt>
-inline auto write_significand(OutputIt out, UInt significand,
-                              int significand_size) -> OutputIt {
-  return format_decimal<Char>(out, significand, significand_size).end;
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T, typename Grouping>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_significand(OutputIt out, T significand,
-                                       int significand_size, int exponent,
-                                       const Grouping& grouping) -> OutputIt {
-  if (!grouping.has_separator()) {
-    out = write_significand<Char>(out, significand, significand_size);
-    return detail::fill_n(out, exponent, static_cast<Char>('0'));
-  }
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  write_significand<char>(appender(buffer), significand, significand_size);
-  detail::fill_n(appender(buffer), exponent, '0');
-  return grouping.apply(out, string_view(buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename UInt,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<UInt>::value)>
-inline auto write_significand(Char* out, UInt significand, int significand_size,
-                              int integral_size, Char decimal_point) -> Char* {
-  if (!decimal_point)
-    return format_decimal(out, significand, significand_size).end;
-  out += significand_size + 1;
-  Char* end = out;
-  int floating_size = significand_size - integral_size;
-  for (int i = floating_size / 2; i > 0; --i) {
-    out -= 2;
-    copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<std::size_t>(significand % 100)));
-    significand /= 100;
-  }
-  if (floating_size % 2 != 0) {
-    *--out = static_cast<Char>('0' + significand % 10);
-    significand /= 10;
-  }
-  *--out = decimal_point;
-  format_decimal(out - integral_size, significand, integral_size);
-  return end;
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename UInt, typename Char,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_pointer<remove_cvref_t<OutputIt>>::value)>
-inline auto write_significand(OutputIt out, UInt significand,
-                              int significand_size, int integral_size,
-                              Char decimal_point) -> OutputIt {
-  // Buffer is large enough to hold digits (digits10 + 1) and a decimal point.
-  Char buffer[digits10<UInt>() + 2];
-  auto end = write_significand(buffer, significand, significand_size,
-                               integral_size, decimal_point);
-  return detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(buffer, end, out);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_significand(OutputIt out, const char* significand,
-                                     int significand_size, int integral_size,
-                                     Char decimal_point) -> OutputIt {
-  out = detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(significand,
-                                        significand + integral_size, out);
-  if (!decimal_point) return out;
-  *out++ = decimal_point;
-  return detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(significand + integral_size,
-                                         significand + significand_size, out);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename T, typename Grouping>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_significand(OutputIt out, T significand,
-                                       int significand_size, int integral_size,
-                                       Char decimal_point,
-                                       const Grouping& grouping) -> OutputIt {
-  if (!grouping.has_separator()) {
-    return write_significand(out, significand, significand_size, integral_size,
-                             decimal_point);
-  }
-  auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
-  write_significand(buffer_appender<Char>(buffer), significand,
-                    significand_size, integral_size, decimal_point);
-  grouping.apply(
-      out, basic_string_view<Char>(buffer.data(), to_unsigned(integral_size)));
-  return detail::copy_str_noinline<Char>(buffer.data() + integral_size,
-                                         buffer.end(), out);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename DecimalFP, typename Char,
-          typename Grouping = digit_grouping<Char>>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto do_write_float(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
-                                    const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                    float_specs fspecs, locale_ref loc)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  auto significand = f.significand;
-  int significand_size = get_significand_size(f);
-  const Char zero = static_cast<Char>('0');
-  auto sign = fspecs.sign;
-  size_t size = to_unsigned(significand_size) + (sign ? 1 : 0);
-  using iterator = reserve_iterator<OutputIt>;
-
-  Char decimal_point =
-      fspecs.locale ? detail::decimal_point<Char>(loc) : static_cast<Char>('.');
-
-  int output_exp = f.exponent + significand_size - 1;
-  auto use_exp_format = [=]() {
-    if (fspecs.format == float_format::exp) return true;
-    if (fspecs.format != float_format::general) return false;
-    // Use the fixed notation if the exponent is in [exp_lower, exp_upper),
-    // e.g. 0.0001 instead of 1e-04. Otherwise use the exponent notation.
-    const int exp_lower = -4, exp_upper = 16;
-    return output_exp < exp_lower ||
-           output_exp >= (fspecs.precision > 0 ? fspecs.precision : exp_upper);
-  };
-  if (use_exp_format()) {
-    int num_zeros = 0;
-    if (fspecs.showpoint) {
-      num_zeros = fspecs.precision - significand_size;
-      if (num_zeros < 0) num_zeros = 0;
-      size += to_unsigned(num_zeros);
-    } else if (significand_size == 1) {
-      decimal_point = Char();
-    }
-    auto abs_output_exp = output_exp >= 0 ? output_exp : -output_exp;
-    int exp_digits = 2;
-    if (abs_output_exp >= 100) exp_digits = abs_output_exp >= 1000 ? 4 : 3;
-
-    size += to_unsigned((decimal_point ? 1 : 0) + 2 + exp_digits);
-    char exp_char = fspecs.upper ? 'E' : 'e';
-    auto write = [=](iterator it) {
-      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
-      // Insert a decimal point after the first digit and add an exponent.
-      it = write_significand(it, significand, significand_size, 1,
-                             decimal_point);
-      if (num_zeros > 0) it = detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero);
-      *it++ = static_cast<Char>(exp_char);
-      return write_exponent<Char>(output_exp, it);
-    };
-    return specs.width > 0 ? write_padded<align::right>(out, specs, size, write)
-                           : base_iterator(out, write(reserve(out, size)));
-  }
-
-  int exp = f.exponent + significand_size;
-  if (f.exponent >= 0) {
-    // 1234e5 -> 123400000[.0+]
-    size += to_unsigned(f.exponent);
-    int num_zeros = fspecs.precision - exp;
-    abort_fuzzing_if(num_zeros > 5000);
-    if (fspecs.showpoint) {
-      ++size;
-      if (num_zeros <= 0 && fspecs.format != float_format::fixed) num_zeros = 0;
-      if (num_zeros > 0) size += to_unsigned(num_zeros);
-    }
-    auto grouping = Grouping(loc, fspecs.locale);
-    size += to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(exp));
-    return write_padded<align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
-      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
-      it = write_significand<Char>(it, significand, significand_size,
-                                   f.exponent, grouping);
-      if (!fspecs.showpoint) return it;
-      *it++ = decimal_point;
-      return num_zeros > 0 ? detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero) : it;
-    });
-  } else if (exp > 0) {
-    // 1234e-2 -> 12.34[0+]
-    int num_zeros = fspecs.showpoint ? fspecs.precision - significand_size : 0;
-    size += 1 + to_unsigned(num_zeros > 0 ? num_zeros : 0);
-    auto grouping = Grouping(loc, fspecs.locale);
-    size += to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(exp));
-    return write_padded<align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
-      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
-      it = write_significand(it, significand, significand_size, exp,
-                             decimal_point, grouping);
-      return num_zeros > 0 ? detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero) : it;
-    });
-  }
-  // 1234e-6 -> 0.001234
-  int num_zeros = -exp;
-  if (significand_size == 0 && fspecs.precision >= 0 &&
-      fspecs.precision < num_zeros) {
-    num_zeros = fspecs.precision;
-  }
-  bool pointy = num_zeros != 0 || significand_size != 0 || fspecs.showpoint;
-  size += 1 + (pointy ? 1 : 0) + to_unsigned(num_zeros);
-  return write_padded<align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
-    if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
-    *it++ = zero;
-    if (!pointy) return it;
-    *it++ = decimal_point;
-    it = detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero);
-    return write_significand<Char>(it, significand, significand_size);
-  });
-}
-
-template <typename Char> class fallback_digit_grouping {
- public:
-  constexpr fallback_digit_grouping(locale_ref, bool) {}
-
-  constexpr auto has_separator() const -> bool { return false; }
-
-  constexpr auto count_separators(int) const -> int { return 0; }
-
-  template <typename Out, typename C>
-  constexpr auto apply(Out out, basic_string_view<C>) const -> Out {
-    return out;
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename DecimalFP, typename Char>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_float(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
-                                 const format_specs<Char>& specs,
-                                 float_specs fspecs, locale_ref loc)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
-    return do_write_float<OutputIt, DecimalFP, Char,
-                          fallback_digit_grouping<Char>>(out, f, specs, fspecs,
-                                                         loc);
-  } else {
-    return do_write_float(out, f, specs, fspecs, loc);
-  }
-}
-
-template <typename T> constexpr auto isnan(T value) -> bool {
-  return !(value >= value);  // std::isnan doesn't support __float128.
-}
-
-template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
-struct has_isfinite : std::false_type {};
-
-template <typename T>
-struct has_isfinite<T, enable_if_t<sizeof(std::isfinite(T())) != 0>>
-    : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value&&
-                                        has_isfinite<T>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto isfinite(T value) -> bool {
-  constexpr T inf = T(std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
-  if (is_constant_evaluated())
-    return !detail::isnan(value) && value < inf && value > -inf;
-  return std::isfinite(value);
-}
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!has_isfinite<T>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto isfinite(T value) -> bool {
-  T inf = T(std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
-  // std::isfinite doesn't support __float128.
-  return !detail::isnan(value) && value < inf && value > -inf;
-}
-
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR bool signbit(T value) {
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
-#ifdef __cpp_if_constexpr
-    if constexpr (std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559) {
-      auto bits = detail::bit_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(value));
-      return (bits >> (num_bits<uint64_t>() - 1)) != 0;
-    }
-#endif
-  }
-  return std::signbit(static_cast<double>(value));
-}
-
-inline FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void adjust_precision(int& precision, int exp10) {
-  // Adjust fixed precision by exponent because it is relative to decimal
-  // point.
-  if (exp10 > 0 && precision > max_value<int>() - exp10)
-    FMT_THROW(format_error("number is too big"));
-  precision += exp10;
-}
-
-class bigint {
- private:
-  // A bigint is stored as an array of bigits (big digits), with bigit at index
-  // 0 being the least significant one.
-  using bigit = uint32_t;
-  using double_bigit = uint64_t;
-  enum { bigits_capacity = 32 };
-  basic_memory_buffer<bigit, bigits_capacity> bigits_;
-  int exp_;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator[](int index) const -> bigit {
-    return bigits_[to_unsigned(index)];
-  }
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator[](int index) -> bigit& {
-    return bigits_[to_unsigned(index)];
-  }
-
-  static constexpr const int bigit_bits = num_bits<bigit>();
-
-  friend struct formatter<bigint>;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void subtract_bigits(int index, bigit other, bigit& borrow) {
-    auto result = static_cast<double_bigit>((*this)[index]) - other - borrow;
-    (*this)[index] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
-    borrow = static_cast<bigit>(result >> (bigit_bits * 2 - 1));
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void remove_leading_zeros() {
-    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size()) - 1;
-    while (num_bigits > 0 && (*this)[num_bigits] == 0) --num_bigits;
-    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_bigits + 1));
-  }
-
-  // Computes *this -= other assuming aligned bigints and *this >= other.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void subtract_aligned(const bigint& other) {
-    FMT_ASSERT(other.exp_ >= exp_, "unaligned bigints");
-    FMT_ASSERT(compare(*this, other) >= 0, "");
-    bigit borrow = 0;
-    int i = other.exp_ - exp_;
-    for (size_t j = 0, n = other.bigits_.size(); j != n; ++i, ++j)
-      subtract_bigits(i, other.bigits_[j], borrow);
-    while (borrow > 0) subtract_bigits(i, 0, borrow);
-    remove_leading_zeros();
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void multiply(uint32_t value) {
-    const double_bigit wide_value = value;
-    bigit carry = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
-      double_bigit result = bigits_[i] * wide_value + carry;
-      bigits_[i] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
-      carry = static_cast<bigit>(result >> bigit_bits);
-    }
-    if (carry != 0) bigits_.push_back(carry);
-  }
-
-  template <typename UInt, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<UInt, uint64_t>::value ||
-                                         std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void multiply(UInt value) {
-    using half_uint =
-        conditional_t<std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value, uint64_t, uint32_t>;
-    const int shift = num_bits<half_uint>() - bigit_bits;
-    const UInt lower = static_cast<half_uint>(value);
-    const UInt upper = value >> num_bits<half_uint>();
-    UInt carry = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
-      UInt result = lower * bigits_[i] + static_cast<bigit>(carry);
-      carry = (upper * bigits_[i] << shift) + (result >> bigit_bits) +
-              (carry >> bigit_bits);
-      bigits_[i] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
-    }
-    while (carry != 0) {
-      bigits_.push_back(static_cast<bigit>(carry));
-      carry >>= bigit_bits;
-    }
-  }
-
-  template <typename UInt, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<UInt, uint64_t>::value ||
-                                         std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign(UInt n) {
-    size_t num_bigits = 0;
-    do {
-      bigits_[num_bigits++] = static_cast<bigit>(n);
-      n >>= bigit_bits;
-    } while (n != 0);
-    bigits_.resize(num_bigits);
-    exp_ = 0;
-  }
-
- public:
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 bigint() : exp_(0) {}
-  explicit bigint(uint64_t n) { assign(n); }
-
-  bigint(const bigint&) = delete;
-  void operator=(const bigint&) = delete;
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign(const bigint& other) {
-    auto size = other.bigits_.size();
-    bigits_.resize(size);
-    auto data = other.bigits_.data();
-    copy_str<bigit>(data, data + size, bigits_.data());
-    exp_ = other.exp_;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Int> FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void operator=(Int n) {
-    FMT_ASSERT(n > 0, "");
-    assign(uint64_or_128_t<Int>(n));
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto num_bigits() const -> int {
-    return static_cast<int>(bigits_.size()) + exp_;
-  }
-
-  FMT_NOINLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator<<=(int shift) -> bigint& {
-    FMT_ASSERT(shift >= 0, "");
-    exp_ += shift / bigit_bits;
-    shift %= bigit_bits;
-    if (shift == 0) return *this;
-    bigit carry = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
-      bigit c = bigits_[i] >> (bigit_bits - shift);
-      bigits_[i] = (bigits_[i] << shift) + carry;
-      carry = c;
-    }
-    if (carry != 0) bigits_.push_back(carry);
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Int>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator*=(Int value) -> bigint& {
-    FMT_ASSERT(value > 0, "");
-    multiply(uint32_or_64_or_128_t<Int>(value));
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto compare(const bigint& lhs, const bigint& rhs)
-      -> int {
-    int num_lhs_bigits = lhs.num_bigits(), num_rhs_bigits = rhs.num_bigits();
-    if (num_lhs_bigits != num_rhs_bigits)
-      return num_lhs_bigits > num_rhs_bigits ? 1 : -1;
-    int i = static_cast<int>(lhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
-    int j = static_cast<int>(rhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
-    int end = i - j;
-    if (end < 0) end = 0;
-    for (; i >= end; --i, --j) {
-      bigit lhs_bigit = lhs[i], rhs_bigit = rhs[j];
-      if (lhs_bigit != rhs_bigit) return lhs_bigit > rhs_bigit ? 1 : -1;
-    }
-    if (i != j) return i > j ? 1 : -1;
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-  // Returns compare(lhs1 + lhs2, rhs).
-  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto add_compare(const bigint& lhs1,
-                                          const bigint& lhs2, const bigint& rhs)
-      -> int {
-    auto minimum = [](int a, int b) { return a < b ? a : b; };
-    auto maximum = [](int a, int b) { return a > b ? a : b; };
-    int max_lhs_bigits = maximum(lhs1.num_bigits(), lhs2.num_bigits());
-    int num_rhs_bigits = rhs.num_bigits();
-    if (max_lhs_bigits + 1 < num_rhs_bigits) return -1;
-    if (max_lhs_bigits > num_rhs_bigits) return 1;
-    auto get_bigit = [](const bigint& n, int i) -> bigit {
-      return i >= n.exp_ && i < n.num_bigits() ? n[i - n.exp_] : 0;
-    };
-    double_bigit borrow = 0;
-    int min_exp = minimum(minimum(lhs1.exp_, lhs2.exp_), rhs.exp_);
-    for (int i = num_rhs_bigits - 1; i >= min_exp; --i) {
-      double_bigit sum =
-          static_cast<double_bigit>(get_bigit(lhs1, i)) + get_bigit(lhs2, i);
-      bigit rhs_bigit = get_bigit(rhs, i);
-      if (sum > rhs_bigit + borrow) return 1;
-      borrow = rhs_bigit + borrow - sum;
-      if (borrow > 1) return -1;
-      borrow <<= bigit_bits;
-    }
-    return borrow != 0 ? -1 : 0;
-  }
-
-  // Assigns pow(10, exp) to this bigint.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign_pow10(int exp) {
-    FMT_ASSERT(exp >= 0, "");
-    if (exp == 0) return *this = 1;
-    // Find the top bit.
-    int bitmask = 1;
-    while (exp >= bitmask) bitmask <<= 1;
-    bitmask >>= 1;
-    // pow(10, exp) = pow(5, exp) * pow(2, exp). First compute pow(5, exp) by
-    // repeated squaring and multiplication.
-    *this = 5;
-    bitmask >>= 1;
-    while (bitmask != 0) {
-      square();
-      if ((exp & bitmask) != 0) *this *= 5;
-      bitmask >>= 1;
-    }
-    *this <<= exp;  // Multiply by pow(2, exp) by shifting.
-  }
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void square() {
-    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size());
-    int num_result_bigits = 2 * num_bigits;
-    basic_memory_buffer<bigit, bigits_capacity> n(std::move(bigits_));
-    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_result_bigits));
-    auto sum = uint128_t();
-    for (int bigit_index = 0; bigit_index < num_bigits; ++bigit_index) {
-      // Compute bigit at position bigit_index of the result by adding
-      // cross-product terms n[i] * n[j] such that i + j == bigit_index.
-      for (int i = 0, j = bigit_index; j >= 0; ++i, --j) {
-        // Most terms are multiplied twice which can be optimized in the future.
-        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i]) * n[j];
-      }
-      (*this)[bigit_index] = static_cast<bigit>(sum);
-      sum >>= num_bits<bigit>();  // Compute the carry.
-    }
-    // Do the same for the top half.
-    for (int bigit_index = num_bigits; bigit_index < num_result_bigits;
-         ++bigit_index) {
-      for (int j = num_bigits - 1, i = bigit_index - j; i < num_bigits;)
-        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i++]) * n[j--];
-      (*this)[bigit_index] = static_cast<bigit>(sum);
-      sum >>= num_bits<bigit>();
-    }
-    remove_leading_zeros();
-    exp_ *= 2;
-  }
-
-  // If this bigint has a bigger exponent than other, adds trailing zero to make
-  // exponents equal. This simplifies some operations such as subtraction.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void align(const bigint& other) {
-    int exp_difference = exp_ - other.exp_;
-    if (exp_difference <= 0) return;
-    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size());
-    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_bigits + exp_difference));
-    for (int i = num_bigits - 1, j = i + exp_difference; i >= 0; --i, --j)
-      bigits_[j] = bigits_[i];
-    std::uninitialized_fill_n(bigits_.data(), exp_difference, 0u);
-    exp_ -= exp_difference;
-  }
-
-  // Divides this bignum by divisor, assigning the remainder to this and
-  // returning the quotient.
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto divmod_assign(const bigint& divisor) -> int {
-    FMT_ASSERT(this != &divisor, "");
-    if (compare(*this, divisor) < 0) return 0;
-    FMT_ASSERT(divisor.bigits_[divisor.bigits_.size() - 1u] != 0, "");
-    align(divisor);
-    int quotient = 0;
-    do {
-      subtract_aligned(divisor);
-      ++quotient;
-    } while (compare(*this, divisor) >= 0);
-    return quotient;
-  }
-};
-
-// format_dragon flags.
-enum dragon {
-  predecessor_closer = 1,
-  fixup = 2,  // Run fixup to correct exp10 which can be off by one.
-  fixed = 4,
-};
-
-// Formats a floating-point number using a variation of the Fixed-Precision
-// Positive Floating-Point Printout ((FPP)^2) algorithm by Steele & White:
-// https://fmt.dev/papers/p372-steele.pdf.
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline void format_dragon(basic_fp<uint128_t> value,
-                                          unsigned flags, int num_digits,
-                                          buffer<char>& buf, int& exp10) {
-  bigint numerator;    // 2 * R in (FPP)^2.
-  bigint denominator;  // 2 * S in (FPP)^2.
-  // lower and upper are differences between value and corresponding boundaries.
-  bigint lower;             // (M^- in (FPP)^2).
-  bigint upper_store;       // upper's value if different from lower.
-  bigint* upper = nullptr;  // (M^+ in (FPP)^2).
-  // Shift numerator and denominator by an extra bit or two (if lower boundary
-  // is closer) to make lower and upper integers. This eliminates multiplication
-  // by 2 during later computations.
-  bool is_predecessor_closer = (flags & dragon::predecessor_closer) != 0;
-  int shift = is_predecessor_closer ? 2 : 1;
-  if (value.e >= 0) {
-    numerator = value.f;
-    numerator <<= value.e + shift;
-    lower = 1;
-    lower <<= value.e;
-    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
-      upper_store = 1;
-      upper_store <<= value.e + 1;
-      upper = &upper_store;
-    }
-    denominator.assign_pow10(exp10);
-    denominator <<= shift;
-  } else if (exp10 < 0) {
-    numerator.assign_pow10(-exp10);
-    lower.assign(numerator);
-    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
-      upper_store.assign(numerator);
-      upper_store <<= 1;
-      upper = &upper_store;
-    }
-    numerator *= value.f;
-    numerator <<= shift;
-    denominator = 1;
-    denominator <<= shift - value.e;
-  } else {
-    numerator = value.f;
-    numerator <<= shift;
-    denominator.assign_pow10(exp10);
-    denominator <<= shift - value.e;
-    lower = 1;
-    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
-      upper_store = 1ULL << 1;
-      upper = &upper_store;
-    }
-  }
-  int even = static_cast<int>((value.f & 1) == 0);
-  if (!upper) upper = &lower;
-  bool shortest = num_digits < 0;
-  if ((flags & dragon::fixup) != 0) {
-    if (add_compare(numerator, *upper, denominator) + even <= 0) {
-      --exp10;
-      numerator *= 10;
-      if (num_digits < 0) {
-        lower *= 10;
-        if (upper != &lower) *upper *= 10;
-      }
-    }
-    if ((flags & dragon::fixed) != 0) adjust_precision(num_digits, exp10 + 1);
-  }
-  // Invariant: value == (numerator / denominator) * pow(10, exp10).
-  if (shortest) {
-    // Generate the shortest representation.
-    num_digits = 0;
-    char* data = buf.data();
-    for (;;) {
-      int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
-      bool low = compare(numerator, lower) - even < 0;  // numerator <[=] lower.
-      // numerator + upper >[=] pow10:
-      bool high = add_compare(numerator, *upper, denominator) + even > 0;
-      data[num_digits++] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
-      if (low || high) {
-        if (!low) {
-          ++data[num_digits - 1];
-        } else if (high) {
-          int result = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator);
-          // Round half to even.
-          if (result > 0 || (result == 0 && (digit % 2) != 0))
-            ++data[num_digits - 1];
-        }
-        buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(num_digits));
-        exp10 -= num_digits - 1;
-        return;
-      }
-      numerator *= 10;
-      lower *= 10;
-      if (upper != &lower) *upper *= 10;
-    }
-  }
-  // Generate the given number of digits.
-  exp10 -= num_digits - 1;
-  if (num_digits <= 0) {
-    denominator *= 10;
-    auto digit = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator) > 0 ? '1' : '0';
-    buf.push_back(digit);
-    return;
-  }
-  buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(num_digits));
-  for (int i = 0; i < num_digits - 1; ++i) {
-    int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
-    buf[i] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
-    numerator *= 10;
-  }
-  int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
-  auto result = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator);
-  if (result > 0 || (result == 0 && (digit % 2) != 0)) {
-    if (digit == 9) {
-      const auto overflow = '0' + 10;
-      buf[num_digits - 1] = overflow;
-      // Propagate the carry.
-      for (int i = num_digits - 1; i > 0 && buf[i] == overflow; --i) {
-        buf[i] = '0';
-        ++buf[i - 1];
-      }
-      if (buf[0] == overflow) {
-        buf[0] = '1';
-        if ((flags & dragon::fixed) != 0)
-          buf.push_back('0');
-        else
-          ++exp10;
-      }
-      return;
-    }
-    ++digit;
-  }
-  buf[num_digits - 1] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
-}
-
-// Formats a floating-point number using the hexfloat format.
-template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_double_double<Float>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void format_hexfloat(Float value, int precision,
-                                     float_specs specs, buffer<char>& buf) {
-  // float is passed as double to reduce the number of instantiations and to
-  // simplify implementation.
-  static_assert(!std::is_same<Float, float>::value, "");
-
-  using info = dragonbox::float_info<Float>;
-
-  // Assume Float is in the format [sign][exponent][significand].
-  using carrier_uint = typename info::carrier_uint;
-
-  constexpr auto num_float_significand_bits =
-      detail::num_significand_bits<Float>();
-
-  basic_fp<carrier_uint> f(value);
-  f.e += num_float_significand_bits;
-  if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) --f.e;
-
-  constexpr auto num_fraction_bits =
-      num_float_significand_bits + (has_implicit_bit<Float>() ? 1 : 0);
-  constexpr auto num_xdigits = (num_fraction_bits + 3) / 4;
-
-  constexpr auto leading_shift = ((num_xdigits - 1) * 4);
-  const auto leading_mask = carrier_uint(0xF) << leading_shift;
-  const auto leading_xdigit =
-      static_cast<uint32_t>((f.f & leading_mask) >> leading_shift);
-  if (leading_xdigit > 1) f.e -= (32 - countl_zero(leading_xdigit) - 1);
-
-  int print_xdigits = num_xdigits - 1;
-  if (precision >= 0 && print_xdigits > precision) {
-    const int shift = ((print_xdigits - precision - 1) * 4);
-    const auto mask = carrier_uint(0xF) << shift;
-    const auto v = static_cast<uint32_t>((f.f & mask) >> shift);
-
-    if (v >= 8) {
-      const auto inc = carrier_uint(1) << (shift + 4);
-      f.f += inc;
-      f.f &= ~(inc - 1);
-    }
-
-    // Check long double overflow
-    if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) {
-      const auto implicit_bit = carrier_uint(1) << num_float_significand_bits;
-      if ((f.f & implicit_bit) == implicit_bit) {
-        f.f >>= 4;
-        f.e += 4;
-      }
-    }
-
-    print_xdigits = precision;
-  }
-
-  char xdigits[num_bits<carrier_uint>() / 4];
-  detail::fill_n(xdigits, sizeof(xdigits), '0');
-  format_uint<4>(xdigits, f.f, num_xdigits, specs.upper);
-
-  // Remove zero tail
-  while (print_xdigits > 0 && xdigits[print_xdigits] == '0') --print_xdigits;
-
-  buf.push_back('0');
-  buf.push_back(specs.upper ? 'X' : 'x');
-  buf.push_back(xdigits[0]);
-  if (specs.showpoint || print_xdigits > 0 || print_xdigits < precision)
-    buf.push_back('.');
-  buf.append(xdigits + 1, xdigits + 1 + print_xdigits);
-  for (; print_xdigits < precision; ++print_xdigits) buf.push_back('0');
-
-  buf.push_back(specs.upper ? 'P' : 'p');
-
-  uint32_t abs_e;
-  if (f.e < 0) {
-    buf.push_back('-');
-    abs_e = static_cast<uint32_t>(-f.e);
-  } else {
-    buf.push_back('+');
-    abs_e = static_cast<uint32_t>(f.e);
-  }
-  format_decimal<char>(appender(buf), abs_e, detail::count_digits(abs_e));
-}
-
-template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_double_double<Float>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void format_hexfloat(Float value, int precision,
-                                     float_specs specs, buffer<char>& buf) {
-  format_hexfloat(static_cast<double>(value), precision, specs, buf);
-}
-
-constexpr auto fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(int index) -> uint32_t {
-  // For checking rounding thresholds.
-  // The kth entry is chosen to be the smallest integer such that the
-  // upper 32-bits of 10^(k+1) times it is strictly bigger than 5 * 10^k.
-  // It is equal to ceil(2^31 + 2^32/10^(k + 1)).
-  // These are stored in a string literal because we cannot have static arrays
-  // in constexpr functions and non-static ones are poorly optimized.
-  return U"\x9999999a\x828f5c29\x80418938\x80068db9\x8000a7c6\x800010c7"
-         U"\x800001ae\x8000002b"[index];
-}
-
-template <typename Float>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_float(Float value, int precision, float_specs specs,
-                                  buffer<char>& buf) -> int {
-  // float is passed as double to reduce the number of instantiations.
-  static_assert(!std::is_same<Float, float>::value, "");
-  FMT_ASSERT(value >= 0, "value is negative");
-  auto converted_value = convert_float(value);
-
-  const bool fixed = specs.format == float_format::fixed;
-  if (value <= 0) {  // <= instead of == to silence a warning.
-    if (precision <= 0 || !fixed) {
-      buf.push_back('0');
-      return 0;
-    }
-    buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(precision));
-    fill_n(buf.data(), precision, '0');
-    return -precision;
-  }
-
-  int exp = 0;
-  bool use_dragon = true;
-  unsigned dragon_flags = 0;
-  if (!is_fast_float<Float>() || is_constant_evaluated()) {
-    const auto inv_log2_10 = 0.3010299956639812;  // 1 / log2(10)
-    using info = dragonbox::float_info<decltype(converted_value)>;
-    const auto f = basic_fp<typename info::carrier_uint>(converted_value);
-    // Compute exp, an approximate power of 10, such that
-    //   10^(exp - 1) <= value < 10^exp or 10^exp <= value < 10^(exp + 1).
-    // This is based on log10(value) == log2(value) / log2(10) and approximation
-    // of log2(value) by e + num_fraction_bits idea from double-conversion.
-    auto e = (f.e + count_digits<1>(f.f) - 1) * inv_log2_10 - 1e-10;
-    exp = static_cast<int>(e);
-    if (e > exp) ++exp;  // Compute ceil.
-    dragon_flags = dragon::fixup;
-  } else if (precision < 0) {
-    // Use Dragonbox for the shortest format.
-    if (specs.binary32) {
-      auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<float>(value));
-      write<char>(buffer_appender<char>(buf), dec.significand);
-      return dec.exponent;
-    }
-    auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<double>(value));
-    write<char>(buffer_appender<char>(buf), dec.significand);
-    return dec.exponent;
-  } else {
-    // Extract significand bits and exponent bits.
-    using info = dragonbox::float_info<double>;
-    auto br = bit_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(value));
-
-    const uint64_t significand_mask =
-        (static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << num_significand_bits<double>()) - 1;
-    uint64_t significand = (br & significand_mask);
-    int exponent = static_cast<int>((br & exponent_mask<double>()) >>
-                                    num_significand_bits<double>());
-
-    if (exponent != 0) {  // Check if normal.
-      exponent -= exponent_bias<double>() + num_significand_bits<double>();
-      significand |=
-          (static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << num_significand_bits<double>());
-      significand <<= 1;
-    } else {
-      // Normalize subnormal inputs.
-      FMT_ASSERT(significand != 0, "zeros should not appear here");
-      int shift = countl_zero(significand);
-      FMT_ASSERT(shift >= num_bits<uint64_t>() - num_significand_bits<double>(),
-                 "");
-      shift -= (num_bits<uint64_t>() - num_significand_bits<double>() - 2);
-      exponent = (std::numeric_limits<double>::min_exponent -
-                  num_significand_bits<double>()) -
-                 shift;
-      significand <<= shift;
-    }
-
-    // Compute the first several nonzero decimal significand digits.
-    // We call the number we get the first segment.
-    const int k = info::kappa - dragonbox::floor_log10_pow2(exponent);
-    exp = -k;
-    const int beta = exponent + dragonbox::floor_log2_pow10(k);
-    uint64_t first_segment;
-    bool has_more_segments;
-    int digits_in_the_first_segment;
-    {
-      const auto r = dragonbox::umul192_upper128(
-          significand << beta, dragonbox::get_cached_power(k));
-      first_segment = r.high();
-      has_more_segments = r.low() != 0;
-
-      // The first segment can have 18 ~ 19 digits.
-      if (first_segment >= 1000000000000000000ULL) {
-        digits_in_the_first_segment = 19;
-      } else {
-        // When it is of 18-digits, we align it to 19-digits by adding a bogus
-        // zero at the end.
-        digits_in_the_first_segment = 18;
-        first_segment *= 10;
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Compute the actual number of decimal digits to print.
-    if (fixed) adjust_precision(precision, exp + digits_in_the_first_segment);
-
-    // Use Dragon4 only when there might be not enough digits in the first
-    // segment.
-    if (digits_in_the_first_segment > precision) {
-      use_dragon = false;
-
-      if (precision <= 0) {
-        exp += digits_in_the_first_segment;
-
-        if (precision < 0) {
-          // Nothing to do, since all we have are just leading zeros.
-          buf.try_resize(0);
-        } else {
-          // We may need to round-up.
-          buf.try_resize(1);
-          if ((first_segment | static_cast<uint64_t>(has_more_segments)) >
-              5000000000000000000ULL) {
-            buf[0] = '1';
-          } else {
-            buf[0] = '0';
-          }
-        }
-      }  // precision <= 0
-      else {
-        exp += digits_in_the_first_segment - precision;
-
-        // When precision > 0, we divide the first segment into three
-        // subsegments, each with 9, 9, and 0 ~ 1 digits so that each fits
-        // in 32-bits which usually allows faster calculation than in
-        // 64-bits. Since some compiler (e.g. MSVC) doesn't know how to optimize
-        // division-by-constant for large 64-bit divisors, we do it here
-        // manually. The magic number 7922816251426433760 below is equal to
-        // ceil(2^(64+32) / 10^10).
-        const uint32_t first_subsegment = static_cast<uint32_t>(
-            dragonbox::umul128_upper64(first_segment, 7922816251426433760ULL) >>
-            32);
-        const uint64_t second_third_subsegments =
-            first_segment - first_subsegment * 10000000000ULL;
-
-        uint64_t prod;
-        uint32_t digits;
-        bool should_round_up;
-        int number_of_digits_to_print = precision > 9 ? 9 : precision;
-
-        // Print a 9-digits subsegment, either the first or the second.
-        auto print_subsegment = [&](uint32_t subsegment, char* buffer) {
-          int number_of_digits_printed = 0;
-
-          // If we want to print an odd number of digits from the subsegment,
-          if ((number_of_digits_to_print & 1) != 0) {
-            // Convert to 64-bit fixed-point fractional form with 1-digit
-            // integer part. The magic number 720575941 is a good enough
-            // approximation of 2^(32 + 24) / 10^8; see
-            // https://jk-jeon.github.io/posts/2022/12/fixed-precision-formatting/#fixed-length-case
-            // for details.
-            prod = ((subsegment * static_cast<uint64_t>(720575941)) >> 24) + 1;
-            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
-            *buffer = static_cast<char>('0' + digits);
-            number_of_digits_printed++;
-          }
-          // If we want to print an even number of digits from the
-          // first_subsegment,
-          else {
-            // Convert to 64-bit fixed-point fractional form with 2-digits
-            // integer part. The magic number 450359963 is a good enough
-            // approximation of 2^(32 + 20) / 10^7; see
-            // https://jk-jeon.github.io/posts/2022/12/fixed-precision-formatting/#fixed-length-case
-            // for details.
-            prod = ((subsegment * static_cast<uint64_t>(450359963)) >> 20) + 1;
-            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
-            copy2(buffer, digits2(digits));
-            number_of_digits_printed += 2;
-          }
-
-          // Print all digit pairs.
-          while (number_of_digits_printed < number_of_digits_to_print) {
-            prod = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod) * static_cast<uint64_t>(100);
-            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
-            copy2(buffer + number_of_digits_printed, digits2(digits));
-            number_of_digits_printed += 2;
-          }
-        };
-
-        // Print first subsegment.
-        print_subsegment(first_subsegment, buf.data());
-
-        // Perform rounding if the first subsegment is the last subsegment to
-        // print.
-        if (precision <= 9) {
-          // Rounding inside the subsegment.
-          // We round-up if:
-          //  - either the fractional part is strictly larger than 1/2, or
-          //  - the fractional part is exactly 1/2 and the last digit is odd.
-          // We rely on the following observations:
-          //  - If fractional_part >= threshold, then the fractional part is
-          //    strictly larger than 1/2.
-          //  - If the MSB of fractional_part is set, then the fractional part
-          //    must be at least 1/2.
-          //  - When the MSB of fractional_part is set, either
-          //    second_third_subsegments being nonzero or has_more_segments
-          //    being true means there are further digits not printed, so the
-          //    fractional part is strictly larger than 1/2.
-          if (precision < 9) {
-            uint32_t fractional_part = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod);
-            should_round_up =
-                fractional_part >= fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(
-                                       8 - number_of_digits_to_print) ||
-                ((fractional_part >> 31) &
-                 ((digits & 1) | (second_third_subsegments != 0) |
-                  has_more_segments)) != 0;
-          }
-          // Rounding at the subsegment boundary.
-          // In this case, the fractional part is at least 1/2 if and only if
-          // second_third_subsegments >= 5000000000ULL, and is strictly larger
-          // than 1/2 if we further have either second_third_subsegments >
-          // 5000000000ULL or has_more_segments == true.
-          else {
-            should_round_up = second_third_subsegments > 5000000000ULL ||
-                              (second_third_subsegments == 5000000000ULL &&
-                               ((digits & 1) != 0 || has_more_segments));
-          }
-        }
-        // Otherwise, print the second subsegment.
-        else {
-          // Compilers are not aware of how to leverage the maximum value of
-          // second_third_subsegments to find out a better magic number which
-          // allows us to eliminate an additional shift. 1844674407370955162 =
-          // ceil(2^64/10) < ceil(2^64*(10^9/(10^10 - 1))).
-          const uint32_t second_subsegment =
-              static_cast<uint32_t>(dragonbox::umul128_upper64(
-                  second_third_subsegments, 1844674407370955162ULL));
-          const uint32_t third_subsegment =
-              static_cast<uint32_t>(second_third_subsegments) -
-              second_subsegment * 10;
-
-          number_of_digits_to_print = precision - 9;
-          print_subsegment(second_subsegment, buf.data() + 9);
-
-          // Rounding inside the subsegment.
-          if (precision < 18) {
-            // The condition third_subsegment != 0 implies that the segment was
-            // of 19 digits, so in this case the third segment should be
-            // consisting of a genuine digit from the input.
-            uint32_t fractional_part = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod);
-            should_round_up =
-                fractional_part >= fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(
-                                       8 - number_of_digits_to_print) ||
-                ((fractional_part >> 31) &
-                 ((digits & 1) | (third_subsegment != 0) |
-                  has_more_segments)) != 0;
-          }
-          // Rounding at the subsegment boundary.
-          else {
-            // In this case, the segment must be of 19 digits, thus
-            // the third subsegment should be consisting of a genuine digit from
-            // the input.
-            should_round_up = third_subsegment > 5 ||
-                              (third_subsegment == 5 &&
-                               ((digits & 1) != 0 || has_more_segments));
-          }
-        }
-
-        // Round-up if necessary.
-        if (should_round_up) {
-          ++buf[precision - 1];
-          for (int i = precision - 1; i > 0 && buf[i] > '9'; --i) {
-            buf[i] = '0';
-            ++buf[i - 1];
-          }
-          if (buf[0] > '9') {
-            buf[0] = '1';
-            if (fixed)
-              buf[precision++] = '0';
-            else
-              ++exp;
-          }
-        }
-        buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(precision));
-      }
-    }  // if (digits_in_the_first_segment > precision)
-    else {
-      // Adjust the exponent for its use in Dragon4.
-      exp += digits_in_the_first_segment - 1;
-    }
-  }
-  if (use_dragon) {
-    auto f = basic_fp<uint128_t>();
-    bool is_predecessor_closer = specs.binary32
-                                     ? f.assign(static_cast<float>(value))
-                                     : f.assign(converted_value);
-    if (is_predecessor_closer) dragon_flags |= dragon::predecessor_closer;
-    if (fixed) dragon_flags |= dragon::fixed;
-    // Limit precision to the maximum possible number of significant digits in
-    // an IEEE754 double because we don't need to generate zeros.
-    const int max_double_digits = 767;
-    if (precision > max_double_digits) precision = max_double_digits;
-    format_dragon(f, dragon_flags, precision, buf, exp);
-  }
-  if (!fixed && !specs.showpoint) {
-    // Remove trailing zeros.
-    auto num_digits = buf.size();
-    while (num_digits > 0 && buf[num_digits - 1] == '0') {
-      --num_digits;
-      ++exp;
-    }
-    buf.try_resize(num_digits);
-  }
-  return exp;
-}
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_float(OutputIt out, T value,
-                                 format_specs<Char> specs, locale_ref loc)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  float_specs fspecs = parse_float_type_spec(specs);
-  fspecs.sign = specs.sign;
-  if (detail::signbit(value)) {  // value < 0 is false for NaN so use signbit.
-    fspecs.sign = sign::minus;
-    value = -value;
-  } else if (fspecs.sign == sign::minus) {
-    fspecs.sign = sign::none;
-  }
-
-  if (!detail::isfinite(value))
-    return write_nonfinite(out, detail::isnan(value), specs, fspecs);
-
-  if (specs.align == align::numeric && fspecs.sign) {
-    auto it = reserve(out, 1);
-    *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(fspecs.sign);
-    out = base_iterator(out, it);
-    fspecs.sign = sign::none;
-    if (specs.width != 0) --specs.width;
-  }
-
-  memory_buffer buffer;
-  if (fspecs.format == float_format::hex) {
-    if (fspecs.sign) buffer.push_back(detail::sign<char>(fspecs.sign));
-    format_hexfloat(convert_float(value), specs.precision, fspecs, buffer);
-    return write_bytes<align::right>(out, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()},
-                                     specs);
-  }
-  int precision = specs.precision >= 0 || specs.type == presentation_type::none
-                      ? specs.precision
-                      : 6;
-  if (fspecs.format == float_format::exp) {
-    if (precision == max_value<int>())
-      throw_format_error("number is too big");
-    else
-      ++precision;
-  } else if (fspecs.format != float_format::fixed && precision == 0) {
-    precision = 1;
-  }
-  if (const_check(std::is_same<T, float>())) fspecs.binary32 = true;
-  int exp = format_float(convert_float(value), precision, fspecs, buffer);
-  fspecs.precision = precision;
-  auto f = big_decimal_fp{buffer.data(), static_cast<int>(buffer.size()), exp};
-  return write_float(out, f, specs, fspecs, loc);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write(OutputIt out, T value, format_specs<Char> specs,
-                           locale_ref loc = {}) -> OutputIt {
-  if (const_check(!is_supported_floating_point(value))) return out;
-  return specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)
-             ? out
-             : write_float(out, value, specs, loc);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_fast_float<T>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
-  if (is_constant_evaluated()) return write(out, value, format_specs<Char>());
-  if (const_check(!is_supported_floating_point(value))) return out;
-
-  auto fspecs = float_specs();
-  if (detail::signbit(value)) {
-    fspecs.sign = sign::minus;
-    value = -value;
-  }
-
-  constexpr auto specs = format_specs<Char>();
-  using floaty = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, long double>::value, double, T>;
-  using floaty_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<floaty>::carrier_uint;
-  floaty_uint mask = exponent_mask<floaty>();
-  if ((bit_cast<floaty_uint>(value) & mask) == mask)
-    return write_nonfinite(out, std::isnan(value), specs, fspecs);
-
-  auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<floaty>(value));
-  return write_float(out, dec, specs, fspecs, {});
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value &&
-                        !is_fast_float<T>::value)>
-inline auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
-  return write(out, value, format_specs<Char>());
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-auto write(OutputIt out, monostate, format_specs<Char> = {}, locale_ref = {})
-    -> OutputIt {
-  FMT_ASSERT(false, "");
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> value)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  auto it = reserve(out, value.size());
-  it = copy_str_noinline<Char>(value.begin(), value.end(), it);
-  return base_iterator(out, it);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_string<T>::value)>
-constexpr auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value) -> OutputIt {
-  return write<Char>(out, to_string_view(value));
-}
-
-// FMT_ENABLE_IF() condition separated to workaround an MSVC bug.
-template <
-    typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-    bool check =
-        std::is_enum<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, Char>::value &&
-        mapped_type_constant<T, basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>::value !=
-            type::custom_type,
-    FMT_ENABLE_IF(check)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
-  return write<Char>(out, static_cast<underlying_t<T>>(value));
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, bool>::value)>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value,
-                         const format_specs<Char>& specs = {}, locale_ref = {})
-    -> OutputIt {
-  return specs.type != presentation_type::none &&
-                 specs.type != presentation_type::string
-             ? write(out, value ? 1 : 0, specs, {})
-             : write_bytes(out, value ? "true" : "false", specs);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, Char value) -> OutputIt {
-  auto it = reserve(out, 1);
-  *it++ = value;
-  return base_iterator(out, it);
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR_CHAR_TRAITS auto write(OutputIt out, const Char* value)
-    -> OutputIt {
-  if (value) return write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(value));
-  throw_format_error("string pointer is null");
-  return out;
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, void>::value)>
-auto write(OutputIt out, const T* value, const format_specs<Char>& specs = {},
-           locale_ref = {}) -> OutputIt {
-  return write_ptr<Char>(out, bit_cast<uintptr_t>(value), &specs);
-}
-
-// A write overload that handles implicit conversions.
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          typename Context = basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value) -> enable_if_t<
-    std::is_class<T>::value && !is_string<T>::value &&
-        !is_floating_point<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, Char>::value &&
-        !std::is_same<T, remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(
-                             value))>>::value,
-    OutputIt> {
-  return write<Char>(out, arg_mapper<Context>().map(value));
-}
-
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
-          typename Context = basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value)
-    -> enable_if_t<mapped_type_constant<T, Context>::value == type::custom_type,
-                   OutputIt> {
-  auto formatter = typename Context::template formatter_type<T>();
-  auto parse_ctx = typename Context::parse_context_type({});
-  formatter.parse(parse_ctx);
-  auto ctx = Context(out, {}, {});
-  return formatter.format(value, ctx);
-}
-
-// An argument visitor that formats the argument and writes it via the output
-// iterator. It's a class and not a generic lambda for compatibility with C++11.
-template <typename Char> struct default_arg_formatter {
-  using iterator = buffer_appender<Char>;
-  using context = buffer_context<Char>;
-
-  iterator out;
-  basic_format_args<context> args;
-  locale_ref loc;
-
-  template <typename T> auto operator()(T value) -> iterator {
-    return write<Char>(out, value);
-  }
-  auto operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context>::handle h) -> iterator {
-    basic_format_parse_context<Char> parse_ctx({});
-    context format_ctx(out, args, loc);
-    h.format(parse_ctx, format_ctx);
-    return format_ctx.out();
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename Char> struct arg_formatter {
-  using iterator = buffer_appender<Char>;
-  using context = buffer_context<Char>;
-
-  iterator out;
-  const format_specs<Char>& specs;
-  locale_ref locale;
-
-  template <typename T>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto operator()(T value) -> iterator {
-    return detail::write(out, value, specs, locale);
-  }
-  auto operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context>::handle) -> iterator {
-    // User-defined types are handled separately because they require access
-    // to the parse context.
-    return out;
-  }
-};
-
-struct width_checker {
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned long long {
-    if (is_negative(value)) throw_format_error("negative width");
-    return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T) -> unsigned long long {
-    throw_format_error("width is not integer");
-    return 0;
-  }
-};
-
-struct precision_checker {
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned long long {
-    if (is_negative(value)) throw_format_error("negative precision");
-    return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
-  }
-
-  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T) -> unsigned long long {
-    throw_format_error("precision is not integer");
-    return 0;
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename Handler, typename FormatArg>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_dynamic_spec(FormatArg arg) -> int {
-  unsigned long long value = visit_format_arg(Handler(), arg);
-  if (value > to_unsigned(max_value<int>()))
-    throw_format_error("number is too big");
-  return static_cast<int>(value);
-}
-
-template <typename Context, typename ID>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_arg(Context& ctx, ID id) -> decltype(ctx.arg(id)) {
-  auto arg = ctx.arg(id);
-  if (!arg) ctx.on_error("argument not found");
-  return arg;
-}
-
-template <typename Handler, typename Context>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_dynamic_spec(int& value,
-                                       arg_ref<typename Context::char_type> ref,
-                                       Context& ctx) {
-  switch (ref.kind) {
-  case arg_id_kind::none:
-    break;
-  case arg_id_kind::index:
-    value = detail::get_dynamic_spec<Handler>(get_arg(ctx, ref.val.index));
-    break;
-  case arg_id_kind::name:
-    value = detail::get_dynamic_spec<Handler>(get_arg(ctx, ref.val.name));
-    break;
-  }
-}
-
-#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
-#  if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
-          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
-struct statically_named_arg : view {
-  static constexpr auto name = Str.data;
-
-  const T& value;
-  statically_named_arg(const T& v) : value(v) {}
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
-          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
-struct is_named_arg<statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>> : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
-          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
-struct is_statically_named_arg<statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>>
-    : std::true_type {};
-
-template <typename Char, size_t N,
-          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
-struct udl_arg {
-  template <typename T> auto operator=(T&& value) const {
-    return statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>(std::forward<T>(value));
-  }
-};
-#  else
-template <typename Char> struct udl_arg {
-  const Char* str;
-
-  template <typename T> auto operator=(T&& value) const -> named_arg<Char, T> {
-    return {str, std::forward<T>(value)};
-  }
-};
-#  endif
-#endif  // FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
-
-template <typename Locale, typename Char>
-auto vformat(const Locale& loc, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
-             basic_format_args<buffer_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args)
-    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
-  auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
-  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
-  return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
-}
-
-using format_func = void (*)(detail::buffer<char>&, int, const char*);
-
-FMT_API void format_error_code(buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
-                               string_view message) noexcept;
-
-FMT_API void report_error(format_func func, int error_code,
-                          const char* message) noexcept;
-}  // namespace detail
-
-FMT_API auto vsystem_error(int error_code, string_view format_str,
-                           format_args args) -> std::system_error;
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Constructs :class:`std::system_error` with a message formatted with
-  ``fmt::format(fmt, args...)``.
-  *error_code* is a system error code as given by ``errno``.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    // This throws std::system_error with the description
-    //   cannot open file 'madeup': No such file or directory
-    // or similar (system message may vary).
-    const char* filename = "madeup";
-    std::FILE* file = std::fopen(filename, "r");
-    if (!file)
-      throw fmt::system_error(errno, "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename... T>
-auto system_error(int error_code, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-    -> std::system_error {
-  return vsystem_error(error_code, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Formats an error message for an error returned by an operating system or a
-  language runtime, for example a file opening error, and writes it to *out*.
-  The format is the same as the one used by ``std::system_error(ec, message)``
-  where ``ec`` is ``std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category()})``.
-  It is implementation-defined but normally looks like:
-
-  .. parsed-literal::
-     *<message>*: *<system-message>*
-
-  where *<message>* is the passed message and *<system-message>* is the system
-  message corresponding to the error code.
-  *error_code* is a system error code as given by ``errno``.
-  \endrst
- */
-FMT_API void format_system_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
-                                 const char* message) noexcept;
-
-// Reports a system error without throwing an exception.
-// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
-FMT_API void report_system_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept;
-
-/** Fast integer formatter. */
-class format_int {
- private:
-  // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1),
-  // a sign and a null character.
-  enum { buffer_size = std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits10 + 3 };
-  mutable char buffer_[buffer_size];
-  char* str_;
-
-  template <typename UInt> auto format_unsigned(UInt value) -> char* {
-    auto n = static_cast<detail::uint32_or_64_or_128_t<UInt>>(value);
-    return detail::format_decimal(buffer_, n, buffer_size - 1).begin;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Int> auto format_signed(Int value) -> char* {
-    auto abs_value = static_cast<detail::uint32_or_64_or_128_t<Int>>(value);
-    bool negative = value < 0;
-    if (negative) abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
-    auto begin = format_unsigned(abs_value);
-    if (negative) *--begin = '-';
-    return begin;
-  }
-
- public:
-  explicit format_int(int value) : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
-  explicit format_int(long value) : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
-  explicit format_int(long long value) : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
-  explicit format_int(unsigned value) : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
-  explicit format_int(unsigned long value) : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
-  explicit format_int(unsigned long long value)
-      : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
-
-  /** Returns the number of characters written to the output buffer. */
-  auto size() const -> size_t {
-    return detail::to_unsigned(buffer_ - str_ + buffer_size - 1);
-  }
-
-  /**
-    Returns a pointer to the output buffer content. No terminating null
-    character is appended.
-   */
-  auto data() const -> const char* { return str_; }
-
-  /**
-    Returns a pointer to the output buffer content with terminating null
-    character appended.
-   */
-  auto c_str() const -> const char* {
-    buffer_[buffer_size - 1] = '\0';
-    return str_;
-  }
-
-  /**
-    \rst
-    Returns the content of the output buffer as an ``std::string``.
-    \endrst
-   */
-  auto str() const -> std::string { return std::string(str_, size()); }
-};
-
-template <typename T, typename Char>
-struct formatter<T, Char, enable_if_t<detail::has_format_as<T>::value>>
-    : formatter<detail::format_as_t<T>, Char> {
-  template <typename FormatContext>
-  auto format(const T& value, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    using base = formatter<detail::format_as_t<T>, Char>;
-    return base::format(format_as(value), ctx);
-  }
-};
-
-#define FMT_FORMAT_AS(Type, Base) \
-  template <typename Char>        \
-  struct formatter<Type, Char> : formatter<Base, Char> {}
-
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(signed char, int);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned char, unsigned);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(short, int);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned short, unsigned);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(long, detail::long_type);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned long, detail::ulong_type);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(Char*, const Char*);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(std::basic_string<Char>, basic_string_view<Char>);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(std::nullptr_t, const void*);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(detail::std_string_view<Char>, basic_string_view<Char>);
-FMT_FORMAT_AS(void*, const void*);
-
-template <typename Char, size_t N>
-struct formatter<Char[N], Char> : formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {};
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Converts ``p`` to ``const void*`` for pointer formatting.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    auto s = fmt::format("{}", fmt::ptr(p));
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename T> auto ptr(T p) -> const void* {
-  static_assert(std::is_pointer<T>::value, "");
-  return detail::bit_cast<const void*>(p);
-}
-template <typename T, typename Deleter>
-auto ptr(const std::unique_ptr<T, Deleter>& p) -> const void* {
-  return p.get();
-}
-template <typename T> auto ptr(const std::shared_ptr<T>& p) -> const void* {
-  return p.get();
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Converts ``e`` to the underlying type.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    enum class color { red, green, blue };
-    auto s = fmt::format("{}", fmt::underlying(color::red));
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename Enum>
-constexpr auto underlying(Enum e) noexcept -> underlying_t<Enum> {
-  return static_cast<underlying_t<Enum>>(e);
-}
-
-namespace enums {
-template <typename Enum, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_enum<Enum>::value)>
-constexpr auto format_as(Enum e) noexcept -> underlying_t<Enum> {
-  return static_cast<underlying_t<Enum>>(e);
-}
-}  // namespace enums
-
-class bytes {
- private:
-  string_view data_;
-  friend struct formatter<bytes>;
-
- public:
-  explicit bytes(string_view data) : data_(data) {}
-};
-
-template <> struct formatter<bytes> {
- private:
-  detail::dynamic_format_specs<> specs_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename ParseContext>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const char* {
-    return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
-                              detail::type::string_type);
-  }
-
-  template <typename FormatContext>
-  auto format(bytes b, FormatContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs_.width,
-                                                       specs_.width_ref, ctx);
-    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
-        specs_.precision, specs_.precision_ref, ctx);
-    return detail::write_bytes(ctx.out(), b.data_, specs_);
-  }
-};
-
-// group_digits_view is not derived from view because it copies the argument.
-template <typename T> struct group_digits_view {
-  T value;
-};
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Returns a view that formats an integer value using ',' as a locale-independent
-  thousands separator.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    fmt::print("{}", fmt::group_digits(12345));
-    // Output: "12,345"
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename T> auto group_digits(T value) -> group_digits_view<T> {
-  return {value};
-}
-
-template <typename T> struct formatter<group_digits_view<T>> : formatter<T> {
- private:
-  detail::dynamic_format_specs<> specs_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename ParseContext>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const char* {
-    return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
-                              detail::type::int_type);
-  }
-
-  template <typename FormatContext>
-  auto format(group_digits_view<T> t, FormatContext& ctx)
-      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs_.width,
-                                                       specs_.width_ref, ctx);
-    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
-        specs_.precision, specs_.precision_ref, ctx);
-    return detail::write_int(
-        ctx.out(), static_cast<detail::uint64_or_128_t<T>>(t.value), 0, specs_,
-        detail::digit_grouping<char>("\3", ","));
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename T> struct nested_view {
-  const formatter<T>* fmt;
-  const T* value;
-};
-
-template <typename T> struct formatter<nested_view<T>> {
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> const char* {
-    return ctx.begin();
-  }
-  auto format(nested_view<T> view, format_context& ctx) const
-      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    return view.fmt->format(*view.value, ctx);
-  }
-};
-
-template <typename T> struct nested_formatter {
- private:
-  int width_;
-  detail::fill_t<char> fill_;
-  align_t align_ : 4;
-  formatter<T> formatter_;
-
- public:
-  constexpr nested_formatter() : width_(0), align_(align_t::none) {}
-
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx) -> const char* {
-    auto specs = detail::dynamic_format_specs<char>();
-    auto it = parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs, ctx,
-                                 detail::type::none_type);
-    width_ = specs.width;
-    fill_ = specs.fill;
-    align_ = specs.align;
-    ctx.advance_to(it);
-    return formatter_.parse(ctx);
-  }
-
-  template <typename F>
-  auto write_padded(format_context& ctx, F write) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    if (width_ == 0) return write(ctx.out());
-    auto buf = memory_buffer();
-    write(std::back_inserter(buf));
-    auto specs = format_specs<>();
-    specs.width = width_;
-    specs.fill = fill_;
-    specs.align = align_;
-    return detail::write(ctx.out(), string_view(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
-  }
-
-  auto nested(const T& value) const -> nested_view<T> {
-    return nested_view<T>{&formatter_, &value};
-  }
-};
-
-// DEPRECATED! join_view will be moved to ranges.h.
-template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char = char>
-struct join_view : detail::view {
-  It begin;
-  Sentinel end;
-  basic_string_view<Char> sep;
-
-  join_view(It b, Sentinel e, basic_string_view<Char> s)
-      : begin(b), end(e), sep(s) {}
-};
-
-template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char>
-struct formatter<join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>, Char> {
- private:
-  using value_type =
-#ifdef __cpp_lib_ranges
-      std::iter_value_t<It>;
-#else
-      typename std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type;
-#endif
-  formatter<remove_cvref_t<value_type>, Char> value_formatter_;
-
- public:
-  template <typename ParseContext>
-  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const Char* {
-    return value_formatter_.parse(ctx);
-  }
-
-  template <typename FormatContext>
-  auto format(const join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>& value,
-              FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-    auto it = value.begin;
-    auto out = ctx.out();
-    if (it != value.end) {
-      out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
-      ++it;
-      while (it != value.end) {
-        out = detail::copy_str<Char>(value.sep.begin(), value.sep.end(), out);
-        ctx.advance_to(out);
-        out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
-        ++it;
-      }
-    }
-    return out;
-  }
-};
-
-/**
-  Returns a view that formats the iterator range `[begin, end)` with elements
-  separated by `sep`.
- */
-template <typename It, typename Sentinel>
-auto join(It begin, Sentinel end, string_view sep) -> join_view<It, Sentinel> {
-  return {begin, end, sep};
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Returns a view that formats `range` with elements separated by `sep`.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    std::vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
-    fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
-    // Output: "1, 2, 3"
-
-  ``fmt::join`` applies passed format specifiers to the range elements::
-
-    fmt::print("{:02}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
-    // Output: "01, 02, 03"
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename Range>
-auto join(Range&& range, string_view sep)
-    -> join_view<detail::iterator_t<Range>, detail::sentinel_t<Range>> {
-  return join(std::begin(range), std::end(range), sep);
-}
-
-/**
-  \rst
-  Converts *value* to ``std::string`` using the default format for type *T*.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    #include <fmt/format.h>
-
-    std::string answer = fmt::to_string(42);
-  \endrst
- */
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value &&
-                                    !detail::has_format_as<T>::value)>
-inline auto to_string(const T& value) -> std::string {
-  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
-  detail::write<char>(appender(buffer), value);
-  return {buffer.data(), buffer.size()};
-}
-
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
-FMT_NODISCARD inline auto to_string(T value) -> std::string {
-  // The buffer should be large enough to store the number including the sign
-  // or "false" for bool.
-  constexpr int max_size = detail::digits10<T>() + 2;
-  char buffer[max_size > 5 ? static_cast<unsigned>(max_size) : 5];
-  char* begin = buffer;
-  return std::string(begin, detail::write<char>(begin, value));
-}
-
-template <typename Char, size_t SIZE>
-FMT_NODISCARD auto to_string(const basic_memory_buffer<Char, SIZE>& buf)
-    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
-  auto size = buf.size();
-  detail::assume(size < std::basic_string<Char>().max_size());
-  return std::basic_string<Char>(buf.data(), size);
-}
-
-template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value &&
-                                    detail::has_format_as<T>::value)>
-inline auto to_string(const T& value) -> std::string {
-  return to_string(format_as(value));
-}
-
-FMT_END_EXPORT
-
-namespace detail {
-
-template <typename Char>
-void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
-                typename vformat_args<Char>::type args, locale_ref loc) {
-  auto out = buffer_appender<Char>(buf);
-  if (fmt.size() == 2 && equal2(fmt.data(), "{}")) {
-    auto arg = args.get(0);
-    if (!arg) throw_format_error("argument not found");
-    visit_format_arg(default_arg_formatter<Char>{out, args, loc}, arg);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  struct format_handler : error_handler {
-    basic_format_parse_context<Char> parse_context;
-    buffer_context<Char> context;
-
-    format_handler(buffer_appender<Char> p_out, basic_string_view<Char> str,
-                   basic_format_args<buffer_context<Char>> p_args,
-                   locale_ref p_loc)
-        : parse_context(str), context(p_out, p_args, p_loc) {}
-
-    void on_text(const Char* begin, const Char* end) {
-      auto text = basic_string_view<Char>(begin, to_unsigned(end - begin));
-      context.advance_to(write<Char>(context.out(), text));
-    }
-
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id() -> int {
-      return parse_context.next_arg_id();
-    }
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(int id) -> int {
-      return parse_context.check_arg_id(id), id;
-    }
-    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> id) -> int {
-      int arg_id = context.arg_id(id);
-      if (arg_id < 0) throw_format_error("argument not found");
-      return arg_id;
-    }
-
-    FMT_INLINE void on_replacement_field(int id, const Char*) {
-      auto arg = get_arg(context, id);
-      context.advance_to(visit_format_arg(
-          default_arg_formatter<Char>{context.out(), context.args(),
-                                      context.locale()},
-          arg));
-    }
-
-    auto on_format_specs(int id, const Char* begin, const Char* end)
-        -> const Char* {
-      auto arg = get_arg(context, id);
-      // Not using a visitor for custom types gives better codegen.
-      if (arg.format_custom(begin, parse_context, context))
-        return parse_context.begin();
-      auto specs = detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char>();
-      begin = parse_format_specs(begin, end, specs, parse_context, arg.type());
-      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(
-          specs.width, specs.width_ref, context);
-      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
-          specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, context);
-      if (begin == end || *begin != '}')
-        throw_format_error("missing '}' in format string");
-      auto f = arg_formatter<Char>{context.out(), specs, context.locale()};
-      context.advance_to(visit_format_arg(f, arg));
-      return begin;
-    }
-  };
-  detail::parse_format_string<false>(fmt, format_handler(out, fmt, args, loc));
-}
-
-FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
-
-#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-extern template FMT_API void vformat_to(buffer<char>&, string_view,
-                                        typename vformat_args<>::type,
-                                        locale_ref);
-extern template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl<char>(locale_ref)
-    -> thousands_sep_result<char>;
-extern template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl<wchar_t>(locale_ref)
-    -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t>;
-extern template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> char;
-extern template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> wchar_t;
-#endif  // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-
-}  // namespace detail
-
-#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
-inline namespace literals {
-/**
-  \rst
-  User-defined literal equivalent of :func:`fmt::arg`.
-
-  **Example**::
-
-    using namespace fmt::literals;
-    fmt::print("Elapsed time: {s:.2f} seconds", "s"_a=1.23);
-  \endrst
- */
-#  if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
-template <detail_exported::fixed_string Str> constexpr auto operator""_a() {
-  using char_t = remove_cvref_t<decltype(Str.data[0])>;
-  return detail::udl_arg<char_t, sizeof(Str.data) / sizeof(char_t), Str>();
-}
-#  else
-constexpr auto operator""_a(const char* s, size_t) -> detail::udl_arg<char> {
-  return {s};
-}
-#  endif
-}  // namespace literals
-#endif  // FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
-
-template <typename Locale, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
-inline auto vformat(const Locale& loc, string_view fmt, format_args args)
-    -> std::string {
-  return detail::vformat(loc, fmt, args);
-}
-
-template <typename Locale, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
-inline auto format(const Locale& loc, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
-    -> std::string {
-  return fmt::vformat(loc, string_view(fmt), fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Locale,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value&&
-                            detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
-auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc, string_view fmt,
-                format_args args) -> OutputIt {
-  using detail::get_buffer;
-  auto&& buf = get_buffer<char>(out);
-  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
-  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
-}
-
-template <typename OutputIt, typename Locale, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value&&
-                            detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
-FMT_INLINE auto format_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc,
-                          format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
-  return vformat_to(out, loc, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
-}
-
-template <typename Locale, typename... T,
-          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
-FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto formatted_size(const Locale& loc,
-                                             format_string<T...> fmt,
-                                             T&&... args) -> size_t {
-  auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<>();
-  detail::vformat_to<char>(buf, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...),
-                           detail::locale_ref(loc));
-  return buf.count();
-}
-
-FMT_END_EXPORT
-
-template <typename T, typename Char>
-template <typename FormatContext>
-FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto
-formatter<T, Char,
-          enable_if_t<detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value !=
-                      detail::type::custom_type>>::format(const T& val,
-                                                          FormatContext& ctx)
-    const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
-  if (specs_.width_ref.kind == detail::arg_id_kind::none &&
-      specs_.precision_ref.kind == detail::arg_id_kind::none) {
-    return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), val, specs_, ctx.locale());
-  }
-  auto specs = specs_;
-  detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width,
-                                                     specs.width_ref, ctx);
-  detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
-      specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, ctx);
-  return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), val, specs, ctx.locale());
-}
-
-FMT_END_NAMESPACE
-
-#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
-#  define FMT_FUNC inline
-#  include "format-inl.h"
-#else
-#  define FMT_FUNC
-#endif
-
-#endif  // FMT_FORMAT_H_
diff --git a/include/nlohmann/json.hpp b/include/nlohmann/json.hpp
index 8b72ea6..d2165e8 100644
--- a/include/nlohmann/json.hpp
+++ b/include/nlohmann/json.hpp
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 /****************************************************************************\
@@ -18,6 +18,16 @@
 #ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 #define INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_
 
+// Workaround for GCC template redefinition errors in C++ modules
+// When nlohmann/json.hpp is included in a C++20 module preamble after
+// other module imports, GCC may report spurious redefinition errors for
+// STL templates. These pragmas suppress those false positives.
+// See: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/5103
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && __cplusplus >= 202002L
+    #pragma GCC diagnostic push
+    #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wignored-attributes"
+#endif
+
 #include <algorithm> // all_of, find, for_each
 #include <cstddef> // nullptr_t, ptrdiff_t, size_t
 #include <functional> // hash, less
@@ -34,10 +44,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/adl_serializer.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -47,10 +57,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -59,20 +69,24 @@
 
 #ifndef JSON_SKIP_LIBRARY_VERSION_CHECK
     #if defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH)
-        #if NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 3 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR != 11 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH != 3
+        #if NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 3 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR != 12 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH != 0
             #warning "Already included a different version of the library!"
         #endif
     #endif
 #endif
 
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR 3   // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 11  // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 3   // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 12  // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 0   // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
 
 #ifndef JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
     #define JSON_DIAGNOSTICS 0
 #endif
 
+#ifndef JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    #define JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS 0
+#endif
+
 #ifndef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
     #define JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON 0
 #endif
@@ -83,6 +97,12 @@
     #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS
 #endif
 
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS _dp
+#else
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+#endif
+
 #if JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
     #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON _ldvcmp
 #else
@@ -94,14 +114,15 @@
 #endif
 
 // Construct the namespace ABI tags component
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b) json_abi ## a ## b
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(a, b) \
-    NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b, c) json_abi ## a ## b ## c
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(a, b, c) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b, c)
 
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS                                       \
     NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(                                   \
             NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS,                       \
-            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON)
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON, \
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS)
 
 // Construct the namespace version component
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT_EX(major, minor, patch) \
@@ -149,10 +170,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -172,10 +193,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -192,10 +213,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -208,10 +229,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -220,10 +241,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/detected.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -233,10 +254,10 @@
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/void_t.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -320,15 +341,16 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2016-2021 Evan Nemerson <evan@nemerson.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 /* Hedley - https://nemequ.github.io/hedley
  * Created by Evan Nemerson <evan@nemerson.com>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
  */
 
 #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION) || (JSON_HEDLEY_VERSION < 15)
@@ -2383,16 +2405,27 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
 #endif
 
 // C++ language standard detection
-// if the user manually specified the used c++ version this is skipped
-#if !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_20) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_11)
-    #if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 202002L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 202002L)
+// if the user manually specified the used C++ version, this is skipped
+#if !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_26) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_23) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_20) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_17) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_14) && !defined(JSON_HAS_CPP_11)
+    #if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 202302L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 202302L)
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_26
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_23
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 202002L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 202002L)
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_23
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+        #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
+    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201703L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG > 201703L)
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_20
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
-    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201703L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464
+    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201402L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX17) && _HAS_CXX17 == 1) // fix for issue #464
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_17
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
-    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201402L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX14) && _HAS_CXX14 == 1)
+    #elif (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus > 201103L) || (defined(_HAS_CXX14) && _HAS_CXX14 == 1)
         #define JSON_HAS_CPP_14
     #endif
     // the cpp 11 flag is always specified because it is the minimal required version
@@ -2475,7 +2508,7 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
 #endif
 
 #ifndef JSON_HAS_RANGES
-    // ranges header shipping in GCC 11.1.0 (released 2021-04-27) has syntax error
+    // ranges header shipping in GCC 11.1.0 (released 2021-04-27) has a syntax error
     #if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && __GLIBCXX__ == 20210427
         #define JSON_HAS_RANGES 0
     #elif defined(__cpp_lib_ranges)
@@ -2552,7 +2585,7 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     #define JSON_ASSERT(x) assert(x)
 #endif
 
-// allow to access some private functions (needed by the test suite)
+// allow accessing some private functions (needed by the test suite)
 #if defined(JSON_TESTS_PRIVATE)
     #define JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED public
 #else
@@ -2568,7 +2601,9 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     template<typename BasicJsonType>                                                            \
     inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const ENUM_TYPE& e)                                   \
     {                                                                                           \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */                                \
         static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!");          \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */       \
         static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__;                     \
         auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m),                                      \
                                [e](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool  \
@@ -2580,7 +2615,9 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     template<typename BasicJsonType>                                                            \
     inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ENUM_TYPE& e)                                 \
     {                                                                                           \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */                                \
         static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!");          \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */       \
         static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__;                     \
         auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m),                                      \
                                [&j](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool \
@@ -2590,6 +2627,61 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
         e = ((it != std::end(m)) ? it : std::begin(m))->first;                                  \
     }
 
+
+
+/*!
+@brief function to wrap JSON_THROW_MACRO - there can be compilation errors about
+       there being no arguments to JSON_THROW that depend on template arguments
+       if this is not used to call JSON_THROW
+*/
+template<typename ExceptionType>
+void templated_json_throw(ExceptionType exception)
+{
+    JSON_THROW(exception);
+
+    /* JSON_THROW(exception) discards exception and aborts - void cast needed to supress
+       compilation error if compiled with -Werror and Wunused-parameter */
+    (void)exception;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief macro to briefly define a mapping between an enum and JSON with exception
+       on invalid input
+@def NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
+@since version 3.12.0
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT(ENUM_TYPE, ...)                                     \
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>                                                            \
+    inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const ENUM_TYPE& e)                                   \
+    {                                                                                           \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */                                \
+        static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!");          \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */       \
+        static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__;                     \
+        auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m),                                      \
+                               [e](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool  \
+        {                                                                                       \
+            return ej_pair.first == e;                                                          \
+        });                                                                                     \
+        if (it != std::end(m)) j = it->second;                                                  \
+        else templated_json_throw<nlohmann::detail::out_of_range>(nlohmann::detail::out_of_range::create(410,"enum value out of range for " #ENUM_TYPE, nullptr)); \
+    }                                                                                           \
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>                                                            \
+    inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ENUM_TYPE& e)                                 \
+    {                                                                                           \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-type-traits) we use C++11 */                                \
+        static_assert(std::is_enum<ENUM_TYPE>::value, #ENUM_TYPE " must be an enum!");          \
+        /* NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-avoid-c-arrays) we don't want to depend on <array> */       \
+        static const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType> m[] = __VA_ARGS__;                     \
+        auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(m), std::end(m),                                      \
+                               [&j](const std::pair<ENUM_TYPE, BasicJsonType>& ej_pair) -> bool \
+        {                                                                                       \
+            return ej_pair.second == j;                                                         \
+        });                                                                                     \
+        if (it != std::end(m)) e = it->first;                                                   \
+        else templated_json_throw<nlohmann::detail::out_of_range>(nlohmann::detail::out_of_range::create(410,"enum value out of range for " #ENUM_TYPE ": " + j.dump(), &j)); \
+    }
+
 // Ugly macros to avoid uglier copy-paste when specializing basic_json. They
 // may be removed in the future once the class is split.
 
@@ -2740,45 +2832,276 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE61(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61)
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE62(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62)
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE64(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE2(func, v1) NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE63(func, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62, v63)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(...) NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_GET_MACRO(__VA_ARGS__, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE61, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE61, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE59, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE59, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE57, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE57, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE55, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE55, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE53, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE53, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE51, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE51, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE49, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE49, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE47, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE47, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE45, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE45, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE43, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE43, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE41, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE41, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE39, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE39, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE37, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE37, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE35, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE35, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE33, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE33, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE31, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE31, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE29, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE29, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE27, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE27, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE25, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE25, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE23, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE23, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE21, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE21, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE19, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE19, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE17, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE17, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE15, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE15, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE13, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE13, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE11, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE11, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE9, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE9, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE7, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE7, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE5, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE5, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE1, \
+        NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE1)(__VA_ARGS__))
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) func(v1, v2)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE5(func, v1, v2, v3, v4) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v3, v4)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE7(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE5(func, v3, v4, v5, v6)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE9(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE7(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE11(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE9(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE13(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE11(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE15(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE13(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE17(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE15(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE19(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE17(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE21(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE19(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE23(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE21(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE25(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE23(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE27(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE25(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE29(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE27(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE31(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE29(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE33(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE31(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE35(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE33(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE37(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE35(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE39(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE37(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE41(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE39(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE43(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE41(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE45(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE43(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE47(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE45(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE49(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE47(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE51(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE49(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE53(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE51(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE55(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE53(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE57(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE55(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE59(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE57(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE61(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE59(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63(func, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE3(func, v1, v2) NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE61(func, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, v15, v16, v17, v18, v19, v20, v21, v22, v23, v24, v25, v26, v27, v28, v29, v30, v31, v32, v33, v34, v35, v36, v37, v38, v39, v40, v41, v42, v43, v44, v45, v46, v47, v48, v49, v50, v51, v52, v53, v54, v55, v56, v57, v58, v59, v60, v61, v62)
 
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_TO(v1) nlohmann_json_j[#v1] = nlohmann_json_t.v1;
 #define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM(v1) nlohmann_json_j.at(#v1).get_to(nlohmann_json_t.v1);
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT(v1) nlohmann_json_t.v1 = nlohmann_json_j.value(#v1, nlohmann_json_default_obj.v1);
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT(v1) nlohmann_json_t.v1 = !nlohmann_json_j.is_null() ? nlohmann_json_j.value(#v1, nlohmann_json_default_obj.v1) : nlohmann_json_default_obj.v1;
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME(v1, v2) nlohmann_json_j[v1] = nlohmann_json_t.v2;
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_NAME(v1, v2) nlohmann_json_j.at(v1).get_to(nlohmann_json_t.v2);
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAME(v1, v2) nlohmann_json_t.v2 = !nlohmann_json_j.is_null() ? nlohmann_json_j.value(v1, nlohmann_json_default_obj.v2) : nlohmann_json_default_obj.v2;
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(...) template<typename BasicJsonType, nlohmann::detail::enable_if_t<nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0> __VA_ARGS__
 
 /*!
 @brief macro
 @def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE
 @since version 3.9.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
 */
 #define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...)  \
-    friend void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
-    friend void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.11.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
+*/
 #define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, ...)  \
-    friend void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
-    friend void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.11.3
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/
+*/
 #define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, ...)  \
-    friend void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
 /*!
 @brief macro
 @def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE
 @since version 3.9.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
 */
 #define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE(Type, ...)  \
-    inline void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
-    inline void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
-#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, ...)  \
-    inline void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.11.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
+*/
 #define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, ...)  \
-    inline void to_json(nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) } \
-    inline void from_json(const nlohmann::json& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) }
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.11.3
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES(Type, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(friend void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) }) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void from_json(const BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::from_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<BaseType&>(nlohmann_json_t)); const Type nlohmann_json_default_obj{}; NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_FROM_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+/*!
+@brief macro
+@def NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE
+@since version 3.12.0
+@sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/
+*/
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO, __VA_ARGS__)) })
+
+#define NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES(Type, BaseType, ...)  \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_BASIC_TYPE_TEMPLATE(void to_json(BasicJsonType& nlohmann_json_j, const Type& nlohmann_json_t) { nlohmann::to_json(nlohmann_json_j, static_cast<const BaseType &>(nlohmann_json_t)); NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND(NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE(NLOHMANN_JSON_TO_WITH_NAME, __VA_ARGS__)) })
 
 // inspired from https://stackoverflow.com/a/26745591
-// allows to call any std function as if (e.g. with begin):
+// allows calling any std function as if (e.g., with begin):
 // using std::begin; begin(x);
 //
 // it allows using the detected idiom to retrieve the return type
@@ -2833,6 +3156,10 @@ JSON_HEDLEY_DIAGNOSTIC_POP
     #define JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS 1
 #endif
 
+#ifndef JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS
+    #define JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS 0
+#endif
+
 #if JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
     #include <compare> // partial_ordering
 #endif
@@ -2939,10 +3266,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -2972,10 +3299,10 @@ inline void replace_substring(StringType& s, const StringType& f,
                               const StringType& t)
 {
     JSON_ASSERT(!f.empty());
-    for (auto pos = s.find(f);                // find first occurrence of f
+    for (auto pos = s.find(f);                // find the first occurrence of f
             pos != StringType::npos;          // make sure f was found
             s.replace(pos, f.size(), t),      // replace with t, and
-            pos = s.find(f, pos + t.size()))  // find next occurrence of f
+            pos = s.find(f, pos + t.size()))  // find the next occurrence of f
     {}
 }
 
@@ -3002,7 +3329,7 @@ inline StringType escape(StringType s)
  * Note the order of escaping "~1" to "/" and "~0" to "~" is important.
  */
 template<typename StringType>
-static void unescape(StringType& s)
+inline void unescape(StringType& s)
 {
     replace_substring(s, StringType{"~1"}, StringType{"/"});
     replace_substring(s, StringType{"~0"}, StringType{"~"});
@@ -3014,10 +3341,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -3056,10 +3383,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 The Abseil Authors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
@@ -3219,7 +3546,7 @@ struct static_const
 #endif
 
 template<typename T, typename... Args>
-inline constexpr std::array<T, sizeof...(Args)> make_array(Args&& ... args)
+constexpr std::array<T, sizeof...(Args)> make_array(Args&& ... args)
 {
     return std::array<T, sizeof...(Args)> {{static_cast<T>(std::forward<Args>(args))...}};
 }
@@ -3230,27 +3557,29 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
 
 #include <limits> // numeric_limits
+#include <string> // char_traits
+#include <tuple> // tuple
 #include <type_traits> // false_type, is_constructible, is_integral, is_same, true_type
 #include <utility> // declval
-#include <tuple> // tuple
-#include <string> // char_traits
-
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_byte) && __cpp_lib_byte >= 201603L
+    #include <cstddef> // byte
+#endif
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -3293,7 +3622,7 @@ struct iterator_traits
 
 template<typename T>
 struct iterator_traits < T, enable_if_t < !std::is_pointer<T>::value >>
-            : iterator_types<T>
+    : iterator_types<T>
 {
 };
 
@@ -3315,10 +3644,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/call_std/begin.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -3335,10 +3664,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/call_std/end.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -3359,10 +3688,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #ifndef INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_FWD_HPP_
@@ -3453,12 +3782,12 @@ namespace detail
 
 // Note to maintainers:
 //
-// Every trait in this file expects a non CV-qualified type.
+// Every trait in this file expects a non-CV-qualified type.
 // The only exceptions are in the 'aliases for detected' section
-// (i.e. those of the form: decltype(T::member_function(std::declval<T>())))
+// (i.e., those of the form: decltype(T::member_function(std::declval<T>())))
 //
 // In this case, T has to be properly CV-qualified to constraint the function arguments
-// (e.g. to_json(BasicJsonType&, const T&))
+// (e.g., to_json(BasicJsonType&, const T&))
 
 template<typename> struct is_basic_json : std::false_type {};
 
@@ -3466,7 +3795,7 @@ NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL_DECLARATION
 struct is_basic_json<NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL> : std::true_type {};
 
 // used by exceptions create() member functions
-// true_type for pointer to possibly cv-qualified basic_json or std::nullptr_t
+// true_type for the pointer to possibly cv-qualified basic_json or std::nullptr_t
 // false_type otherwise
 template<typename BasicJsonContext>
 struct is_basic_json_context :
@@ -3624,7 +3953,7 @@ struct char_traits<unsigned char> : std::char_traits<char>
 
     static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept
     {
-        return static_cast<int_type>(EOF);
+        return static_cast<int_type>(std::char_traits<char>::eof());
     }
 };
 
@@ -3648,9 +3977,33 @@ struct char_traits<signed char> : std::char_traits<char>
 
     static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept
     {
-        return static_cast<int_type>(EOF);
+        return static_cast<int_type>(std::char_traits<char>::eof());
+    }
+};
+
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_byte) && __cpp_lib_byte >= 201603L
+template<>
+struct char_traits<std::byte> : std::char_traits<char>
+{
+    using char_type = std::byte;
+    using int_type = uint64_t;
+
+    static int_type to_int_type(char_type c) noexcept
+    {
+        return static_cast<int_type>(std::to_integer<unsigned char>(c));
+    }
+
+    static char_type to_char_type(int_type i) noexcept
+    {
+        return std::byte(static_cast<unsigned char>(i));
+    }
+
+    static constexpr int_type eof() noexcept
+    {
+        return static_cast<int_type>(std::char_traits<char>::eof());
     }
 };
+#endif
 
 ///////////////////
 // is_ functions //
@@ -3668,25 +4021,25 @@ template<class B> struct negation : std::integral_constant < bool, !B::value > {
 
 // Reimplementation of is_constructible and is_default_constructible, due to them being broken for
 // std::pair and std::tuple until LWG 2367 fix (see https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/lwg-defects.html#2367).
-// This causes compile errors in e.g. clang 3.5 or gcc 4.9.
+// This causes compile errors in e.g., Clang 3.5 or GCC 4.9.
 template <typename T>
 struct is_default_constructible : std::is_default_constructible<T> {};
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 struct is_default_constructible<std::pair<T1, T2>>
-            : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
+    : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 struct is_default_constructible<const std::pair<T1, T2>>
-            : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
+    : conjunction<is_default_constructible<T1>, is_default_constructible<T2>> {};
 
 template <typename... Ts>
 struct is_default_constructible<std::tuple<Ts...>>
-            : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
+    : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
 
 template <typename... Ts>
 struct is_default_constructible<const std::tuple<Ts...>>
-            : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
+    : conjunction<is_default_constructible<Ts>...> {};
 
 template <typename T, typename... Args>
 struct is_constructible : std::is_constructible<T, Args...> {};
@@ -3748,7 +4101,7 @@ using range_value_t = value_type_t<iterator_traits<iterator_t<T>>>;
 
 // The following implementation of is_complete_type is taken from
 // https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vcblog/2015/12/02/partial-support-for-expression-sfinae-in-vs-2015-update-1/
-// and is written by Xiang Fan who agreed to using it in this library.
+// and is written by Xiang Fan who agreed to use it in this library.
 
 template<typename T, typename = void>
 struct is_complete_type : std::false_type {};
@@ -3884,8 +4237,8 @@ is_detected<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
 // special case for types like std::filesystem::path whose iterator's value_type are themselves
 // c.f. https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/3073
 !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, detected_t<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType>>::value&&
-        is_complete_type <
-        detected_t<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType >>::value >>
+is_complete_type <
+detected_t<range_value_t, ConstructibleArrayType >>::value >>
 {
     using value_type = range_value_t<ConstructibleArrayType>;
 
@@ -3946,6 +4299,28 @@ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleType>
 struct is_compatible_type
     : is_compatible_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleType> {};
 
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleReferenceType>
+struct is_compatible_reference_type_impl
+{
+    using JsonType = uncvref_t<BasicJsonType>;
+    using CVType = typename std::remove_reference<CompatibleReferenceType>::type;
+    using Type = typename std::remove_cv<CVType>::type;
+    constexpr static bool value = std::is_reference<CompatibleReferenceType>::value &&
+                                  (!std::is_const<typename std::remove_reference<BasicJsonType>::type>::value || std::is_const<CVType>::value) &&
+                                  (std::is_same<typename JsonType::boolean_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::number_float_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::number_integer_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::number_unsigned_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::string_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::binary_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::object_t, Type>::value ||
+                                   std::is_same<typename JsonType::array_t, Type>::value);
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleReferenceType>
+struct is_compatible_reference_type
+    : is_compatible_reference_type_impl<BasicJsonType, CompatibleReferenceType> {};
+
 template<typename T1, typename T2>
 struct is_constructible_tuple : std::false_type {};
 
@@ -3972,20 +4347,35 @@ struct is_specialization_of<Primary, Primary<Args...>> : std::true_type {};
 template<typename T>
 using is_json_pointer = is_specialization_of<::nlohmann::json_pointer, uncvref_t<T>>;
 
+// checks if B is a json_pointer<A>
+template <typename A, typename B>
+struct is_json_pointer_of : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename A>
+struct is_json_pointer_of<A, ::nlohmann::json_pointer<A>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename A>
+struct is_json_pointer_of<A, ::nlohmann::json_pointer<A>&> : std::true_type {};
+
 // checks if A and B are comparable using Compare functor
 template<typename Compare, typename A, typename B, typename = void>
 struct is_comparable : std::false_type {};
 
+// We exclude json_pointer here, because the checks using Compare(A, B) will
+// use json_pointer::operator string_t() which triggers a deprecation warning
+// for GCC. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/4621. The call to
+// is_json_pointer_of can be removed once the deprecated function has been
+// removed.
 template<typename Compare, typename A, typename B>
-struct is_comparable<Compare, A, B, void_t<
-decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<A>(), std::declval<B>())),
-decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<B>(), std::declval<A>()))
+struct is_comparable < Compare, A, B, enable_if_t < !is_json_pointer_of<A, B>::value
+&& std::is_constructible <decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<A>(), std::declval<B>()))>::value
+&& std::is_constructible <decltype(std::declval<Compare>()(std::declval<B>(), std::declval<A>()))>::value
 >> : std::true_type {};
 
 template<typename T>
 using detect_is_transparent = typename T::is_transparent;
 
-// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as object key (without a BasicJsonType)
+// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as an object key (without a BasicJsonType)
 // see is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type below
 template<typename Comparator, typename ObjectKeyType, typename KeyTypeCVRef, bool RequireTransparentComparator = true,
          bool ExcludeObjectKeyType = RequireTransparentComparator, typename KeyType = uncvref_t<KeyTypeCVRef>>
@@ -3999,7 +4389,7 @@ using is_usable_as_key_type = typename std::conditional <
                               std::true_type,
                               std::false_type >::type;
 
-// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as object key
+// type trait to check if KeyType can be used as an object key
 // true if:
 //   - KeyType is comparable with BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type
 //   - if ExcludeObjectKeyType is true, KeyType is not BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type
@@ -4008,12 +4398,15 @@ using is_usable_as_key_type = typename std::conditional <
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename KeyTypeCVRef, bool RequireTransparentComparator = true,
          bool ExcludeObjectKeyType = RequireTransparentComparator, typename KeyType = uncvref_t<KeyTypeCVRef>>
 using is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type = typename std::conditional <
-        is_usable_as_key_type<typename BasicJsonType::object_comparator_t,
-        typename BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type, KeyTypeCVRef,
-        RequireTransparentComparator, ExcludeObjectKeyType>::value
-        && !is_json_iterator_of<BasicJsonType, KeyType>::value,
-        std::true_type,
-        std::false_type >::type;
+    (is_usable_as_key_type<typename BasicJsonType::object_comparator_t,
+     typename BasicJsonType::object_t::key_type, KeyTypeCVRef,
+     RequireTransparentComparator, ExcludeObjectKeyType>::value
+     && !is_json_iterator_of<BasicJsonType, KeyType>::value)
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+    || std::is_convertible<KeyType, std::string_view>::value
+#endif
+    , std::true_type,
+    std::false_type >::type;
 
 template<typename ObjectType, typename KeyType>
 using detect_erase_with_key_type = decltype(std::declval<ObjectType&>().erase(std::declval<KeyType>()));
@@ -4042,7 +4435,7 @@ struct is_ordered_map
     template <typename C> static one test( decltype(&C::capacity) ) ;
     template <typename C> static two test(...);
 
-    enum { value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(char) }; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+    enum { value = sizeof(test<T>(nullptr)) == sizeof(char) }; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg,cppcoreguidelines-use-enum-class)
 };
 
 // to avoid useless casts (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2893#issuecomment-889152324)
@@ -4147,7 +4540,7 @@ struct value_in_range_of_impl1<OfType, T, true>
 };
 
 template<typename OfType, typename T>
-inline constexpr bool value_in_range_of(T val)
+constexpr bool value_in_range_of(T val)
 {
     return value_in_range_of_impl1<OfType, T>::test(val);
 }
@@ -4163,7 +4556,7 @@ namespace impl
 {
 
 template<typename T>
-inline constexpr bool is_c_string()
+constexpr bool is_c_string()
 {
     using TUnExt = typename std::remove_extent<T>::type;
     using TUnCVExt = typename std::remove_cv<TUnExt>::type;
@@ -4191,7 +4584,7 @@ namespace impl
 {
 
 template<typename T>
-inline constexpr bool is_transparent()
+constexpr bool is_transparent()
 {
     return is_detected<detect_is_transparent, T>::value;
 }
@@ -4210,10 +4603,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -4358,6 +4751,18 @@ inline OutStringType concat(Args && ... args)
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
 
+// With -Wweak-vtables, Clang will complain about the exception classes as they
+// have no out-of-line virtual method definitions and their vtable will be
+// emitted in every translation unit. This issue cannot be fixed with a
+// header-only library as there is no implementation file to move these
+// functions to. As a result, we suppress this warning here to avoid client
+// code stumbling over this. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/4087
+// for a discussion.
+#if defined(__clang__)
+    #pragma clang diagnostic push
+    #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
+#endif
+
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
@@ -4452,16 +4857,34 @@ class exception : public std::exception
         {
             return concat(a, '/', detail::escape(b));
         });
-        return concat('(', str, ") ");
+
+        return concat('(', str, ") ", get_byte_positions(leaf_element));
 #else
-        static_cast<void>(leaf_element);
-        return "";
+        return get_byte_positions(leaf_element);
 #endif
     }
 
   private:
     /// an exception object as storage for error messages
     std::runtime_error m;
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static std::string get_byte_positions(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+    {
+        if ((leaf_element->start_pos() != std::string::npos) && (leaf_element->end_pos() != std::string::npos))
+        {
+            return concat("(bytes ", std::to_string(leaf_element->start_pos()), "-", std::to_string(leaf_element->end_pos()), ") ");
+        }
+        return "";
+    }
+#else
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static std::string get_byte_positions(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+    {
+        static_cast<void>(leaf_element);
+        return "";
+    }
+#endif
 };
 
 /// @brief exception indicating a parse error
@@ -4589,6 +5012,10 @@ class other_error : public exception
 }  // namespace detail
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
+#if defined(__clang__)
+    #pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
@@ -4596,10 +5023,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/identity_tag.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -4620,10 +5047,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -4640,7 +5067,7 @@ namespace std_fs = std::experimental::filesystem;
 }  // namespace detail
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 #elif JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
-#include <filesystem>
+#include <filesystem> // NOLINT(build/c++17)
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
@@ -4651,11 +5078,77 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/logic.hpp>
+
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or_impl : std::integral_constant < bool, (Booleans || ...) > {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and_impl : std::integral_constant < bool, (Booleans &&...) > {};
+
+#else
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or_impl<true, Booleans...> : std::true_type {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or_impl<false, Booleans...> : cxpr_or_impl<Booleans...> {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and_impl : std::true_type {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and_impl<true, Booleans...> : cxpr_and_impl<Booleans...> {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and_impl<false, Booleans...> : std::false_type {};
+
+#endif
+
+template<class Boolean>
+struct cxpr_not : std::integral_constant < bool, !Boolean::value > {};
+
+template<class... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or : cxpr_or_impl<Booleans::value...> {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_or_c : cxpr_or_impl<Booleans...> {};
+
+template<class... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and : cxpr_and_impl<Booleans::value...> {};
+
+template<bool... Booleans>
+struct cxpr_and_c : cxpr_and_impl<Booleans...> {};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
 
 
+// include after macro_scope.hpp
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+    #include <optional> // optional
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+    #include <string_view> // u8string_view
+#endif
+
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
@@ -4670,6 +5163,22 @@ inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename std::nullptr_t& n)
     n = nullptr;
 }
 
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+           typename std::enable_if < !nlohmann::detail::is_basic_json<T>::value, int >::type = 0 >
+void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::optional<T>& opt)
+{
+    if (j.is_null())
+    {
+        opt = std::nullopt;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        opt.emplace(j.template get<T>());
+    }
+}
+#endif // JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+
 // overloads for basic_json template parameters
 template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
            enable_if_t < std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
@@ -4817,6 +5326,54 @@ auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N])  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines
     }
 }
 
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2])  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+    for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+    {
+        for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+        {
+            arr[i1][i2] = j.at(i1).at(i2).template get<T>();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2, std::size_t N3>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2][N3])  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+    for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+    {
+        for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+        {
+            for (std::size_t i3 = 0; i3 < N3; ++i3)
+            {
+                arr[i1][i2][i3] = j.at(i1).at(i2).at(i3).template get<T>();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N1, std::size_t N2, std::size_t N3, std::size_t N4>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N1][N2][N3][N4])  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+    for (std::size_t i1 = 0; i1 < N1; ++i1)
+    {
+        for (std::size_t i2 = 0; i2 < N2; ++i2)
+        {
+            for (std::size_t i3 = 0; i3 < N3; ++i3)
+            {
+                for (std::size_t i4 = 0; i4 < N4; ++i4)
+                {
+                    arr[i1][i2][i3][i4] = j.at(i1).at(i2).at(i3).at(i4).template get<T>();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template<typename BasicJsonType>
 inline void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
 {
@@ -4902,7 +5459,7 @@ void())
 
 template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t... Idx >
 std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)> from_json_inplace_array_impl(BasicJsonType&& j,
-        identity_tag<std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)>> /*unused*/, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+                     identity_tag<std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)>> /*unused*/, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
 {
     return { { std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<T>()... } };
 }
@@ -4941,19 +5498,15 @@ inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleObjectType& obj)
 
     ConstructibleObjectType ret;
     const auto* inner_object = j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::object_t*>();
-    using value_type = typename ConstructibleObjectType::value_type;
-    std::transform(
-        inner_object->begin(), inner_object->end(),
-        std::inserter(ret, ret.begin()),
-        [](typename BasicJsonType::object_t::value_type const & p)
+    for (const auto& p : *inner_object)
     {
-        return value_type(p.first, p.second.template get<typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>());
-    });
+        ret.emplace(p.first, p.second.template get<typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>());
+    }
     obj = std::move(ret);
 }
 
 // overload for arithmetic types, not chosen for basic_json template arguments
-// (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
+// (BooleanType, etc.); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
 // overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not
 // an arithmetic type?
 template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
@@ -5000,10 +5553,39 @@ inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
     }
 }
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args, std::size_t... Idx>
-std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType&& j, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Type>
+detail::uncvref_t<Type> from_json_tuple_get_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, detail::identity_tag<Type> /*unused*/, detail::priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).template get<detail::uncvref_t<Type>>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Type,
+         detail::enable_if_t<detail::is_compatible_reference_type<BasicJsonType, Type>::value, int> = 0>
+Type from_json_tuple_get_impl(BasicJsonType && j, detail::identity_tag<Type> /*unused*/, detail::priority_tag<1> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).template get_ref<Type>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Type,
+         detail::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<uncvref_t<Type>>::value, int> = 0>
+detail::uncvref_t<Type> from_json_tuple_get_impl(BasicJsonType && j, detail::identity_tag<Type> /*unused*/, detail::priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).template get<detail::uncvref_t<Type>>();
+}
+
+template<std::size_t PTagValue, typename BasicJsonType, typename... Types>
+using tuple_type = std::tuple < decltype(from_json_tuple_get_impl(std::declval<BasicJsonType>(), detail::identity_tag<Types> {}, detail::priority_tag<PTagValue> {}))... >;
+
+template<std::size_t PTagValue, typename... Args, typename BasicJsonType, std::size_t... Idx>
+tuple_type<PTagValue, BasicJsonType, Args...> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType&& j, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return tuple_type<PTagValue, BasicJsonType, Args...>(from_json_tuple_get_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx), detail::identity_tag<Args> {}, detail::priority_tag<PTagValue> {})...);
+}
+
+template<std::size_t PTagValue, typename BasicJsonType>
+std::tuple<> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType& /*unused*/, index_sequence<> /*unused*/)
 {
-    return std::make_tuple(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<Args>()...);
+    return {};
 }
 
 template < typename BasicJsonType, class A1, class A2 >
@@ -5022,13 +5604,15 @@ inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::pair<A1, A2>& p, priori
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
 std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::tuple<Args...>> /*unused*/, priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
 {
-    return from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+    static_assert(cxpr_and<cxpr_or<cxpr_not<std::is_reference<Args>>, is_compatible_reference_type<BasicJsonType, Args>>...>::value,
+                  "Can not return a tuple containing references to types not contained in a Json, try Json::get_to()");
+    return from_json_tuple_impl_base<1, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
 }
 
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
 inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::tuple<Args...>& t, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
 {
-    t = from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+    t = from_json_tuple_impl_base<2, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
 }
 
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TupleRelated>
@@ -5091,7 +5675,15 @@ inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std_fs::path& p)
     {
         JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
     }
-    p = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+    const auto& s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+    // Checking for C++20 standard or later can be insufficient in case the
+    // library support for char8_t is either incomplete or was disabled
+    // altogether. Use the __cpp_lib_char8_t feature test instead.
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_char8_t) && (__cpp_lib_char8_t >= 201907L)
+    p = std_fs::path(std::u8string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char8_t*>(s.data()), s.size()));
+#else
+    p = std_fs::u8path(s); // accepts UTF-8 encoded std::string in C++17, deprecated in C++20
+#endif
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -5126,17 +5718,24 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+// JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+    #include <optional> // optional
+#endif
+
 #include <algorithm> // copy
 #include <iterator> // begin, end
-#include <string> // string
+#include <memory> // allocator_traits
+#include <string> //  basic_string, char_traits
 #include <tuple> // tuple, get
 #include <type_traits> // is_same, is_constructible, is_floating_point, is_enum, underlying_type
 #include <utility> // move, forward, declval, pair
@@ -5146,17 +5745,16 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
 
 #include <cstddef> // size_t
-#include <iterator> // input_iterator_tag
-#include <string> // string, to_string
+#include <iterator> // forward_iterator_tag
 #include <tuple> // tuple_size, get, tuple_element
 #include <utility> // move
 
@@ -5168,20 +5766,53 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp>
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <string> // string, to_string
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
 
 
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
 
-template<typename string_type>
-void int_to_string( string_type& target, std::size_t value )
+template<typename StringType>
+void int_to_string(StringType& target, std::size_t value)
 {
     // For ADL
     using std::to_string;
     target = to_string(value);
 }
+
+template<typename StringType>
+StringType to_string(std::size_t value)
+{
+    StringType result;
+    int_to_string(result, value);
+    return result;
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
 template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
 {
   public:
@@ -5189,7 +5820,7 @@ template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
     using value_type = iteration_proxy_value;
     using pointer = value_type *;
     using reference = value_type &;
-    using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
+    using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
     using string_type = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<decltype( std::declval<IteratorType>().key() ) >::type >::type;
 
   private:
@@ -5369,7 +6000,7 @@ namespace std
 #endif
 template<typename IteratorType>
 class tuple_size<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
-            : public std::integral_constant<std::size_t, 2> {};
+    : public std::integral_constant<std::size_t, 2> {};
 
 template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType>
 class tuple_element<N, ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
@@ -5390,8 +6021,6 @@ class tuple_element<N, ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >>
     inline constexpr bool ::std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy<IteratorType>> = true;
 #endif
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
-
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
@@ -5637,6 +6266,22 @@ struct external_constructor<value_t::object>
 // to_json //
 /////////////
 
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::optional<T>& opt) noexcept
+{
+    if (opt.has_value())
+    {
+        j = *opt;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        j = nullptr;
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
          enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int> = 0>
 inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T b) noexcept
@@ -5697,7 +6342,8 @@ template<typename BasicJsonType, typename EnumType,
 inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, EnumType e) noexcept
 {
     using underlying_type = typename std::underlying_type<EnumType>::type;
-    external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>::construct(j, static_cast<underlying_type>(e));
+    static constexpr value_t integral_value_t = std::is_unsigned<underlying_type>::value ? value_t::number_unsigned : value_t::number_integer;
+    external_constructor<integral_value_t>::construct(j, static_cast<underlying_type>(e));
 }
 #endif  // JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
 
@@ -5782,6 +6428,13 @@ inline void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& t, index_sequence<
     j = { std::get<Idx>(t)... };
 }
 
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Tuple>
+inline void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& /*unused*/, index_sequence<> /*unused*/)
+{
+    using array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t;
+    j = array_t();
+}
+
 template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, enable_if_t<is_constructible_tuple<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int > = 0>
 inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t)
 {
@@ -5789,10 +6442,21 @@ inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t)
 }
 
 #if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_char8_t)
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Tr, typename Allocator>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::basic_string<char8_t, Tr, Allocator>& s)
+{
+    using OtherAllocator = typename std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::template rebind_alloc<char>;
+    j = std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, OtherAllocator>(s.begin(), s.end(), s.get_allocator());
+}
+#endif
+
 template<typename BasicJsonType>
 inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std_fs::path& p)
 {
-    j = p.string();
+    // Returns either a std::string or a std::u8string depending whether library
+    // support for char8_t is enabled.
+    j = p.u8string();
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -5867,10 +6531,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/byte_container_with_subtype.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -5979,10 +6643,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/hash.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -6112,10 +6776,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -6132,16 +6796,19 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 #include <string> // char_traits, string
 #include <utility> // make_pair, move
 #include <vector> // vector
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byteswap
+    #include <bit>  //byteswap
+#endif
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -6152,6 +6819,7 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 #include <iterator> // begin, end, iterator_traits, random_access_iterator_tag, distance, next
 #include <memory> // shared_ptr, make_shared, addressof
 #include <numeric> // accumulate
+#include <streambuf> // streambuf
 #include <string> // string, char_traits
 #include <type_traits> // enable_if, is_base_of, is_pointer, is_integral, remove_pointer
 #include <utility> // pair, declval
@@ -6161,6 +6829,8 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
     #include <istream>  // istream
 #endif                  // JSON_NO_IO
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
@@ -6208,6 +6878,13 @@ class file_input_adapter
         return std::fgetc(m_file);
     }
 
+    // returns the number of characters successfully read
+    template<class T>
+    std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+    {
+        return fread(dest, 1, sizeof(T) * count, m_file);
+    }
+
   private:
     /// the file pointer to read from
     std::FILE* m_file;
@@ -6241,7 +6918,7 @@ class input_stream_adapter
         : is(&i), sb(i.rdbuf())
     {}
 
-    // delete because of pointer members
+    // deleted because of pointer members
     input_stream_adapter(const input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
     input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
     input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&&) = delete;
@@ -6255,7 +6932,7 @@ class input_stream_adapter
 
     // std::istream/std::streambuf use std::char_traits<char>::to_int_type, to
     // ensure that std::char_traits<char>::eof() and the character 0xFF do not
-    // end up as the same value, e.g. 0xFFFFFFFF.
+    // end up as the same value, e.g., 0xFFFFFFFF.
     std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character()
     {
         auto res = sb->sbumpc();
@@ -6267,6 +6944,17 @@ class input_stream_adapter
         return res;
     }
 
+    template<class T>
+    std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+    {
+        auto res = static_cast<std::size_t>(sb->sgetn(reinterpret_cast<char*>(dest), static_cast<std::streamsize>(count * sizeof(T))));
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(res < count * sizeof(T)))
+        {
+            is->clear(is->rdstate() | std::ios::eofbit);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
   private:
     /// the associated input stream
     std::istream* is = nullptr;
@@ -6298,6 +6986,26 @@ class iterator_input_adapter
         return char_traits<char_type>::eof();
     }
 
+    // for general iterators, we cannot really do something better than falling back to processing the range one-by-one
+    template<class T>
+    std::size_t get_elements(T* dest, std::size_t count = 1)
+    {
+        auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<char*>(dest);
+        for (std::size_t read_index = 0; read_index < count * sizeof(T); ++read_index)
+        {
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != end))
+            {
+                ptr[read_index] = static_cast<char>(*current);
+                std::advance(current, 1);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return read_index;
+            }
+        }
+        return count * sizeof(T);
+    }
+
   private:
     IteratorType current;
     IteratorType end;
@@ -6446,7 +7154,7 @@ class wide_string_input_adapter
 
     typename std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character() noexcept
     {
-        // check if buffer needs to be filled
+        // check if the buffer needs to be filled
         if (utf8_bytes_index == utf8_bytes_filled)
         {
             fill_buffer<sizeof(WideCharType)>();
@@ -6461,6 +7169,13 @@ class wide_string_input_adapter
         return utf8_bytes[utf8_bytes_index++];
     }
 
+    // parsing binary with wchar doesn't make sense, but since the parsing mode can be runtime, we need something here
+    template<class T>
+    std::size_t get_elements(T* /*dest*/, std::size_t /*count*/ = 1)
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(112, 1, "wide string type cannot be interpreted as binary data", nullptr));
+    }
+
   private:
     BaseInputAdapter base_adapter;
 
@@ -6496,7 +7211,7 @@ template<typename T>
 struct is_iterator_of_multibyte
 {
     using value_type = typename std::iterator_traits<T>::value_type;
-    enum
+    enum // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-use-enum-class)
     {
         value = sizeof(value_type) > 1
     };
@@ -6557,10 +7272,17 @@ typename container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<C
     return container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<ContainerType>::create(container);
 }
 
+// specialization for std::string
+using string_input_adapter_type = decltype(input_adapter(std::declval<std::string>()));
+
 #ifndef JSON_NO_IO
 // Special cases with fast paths
 inline file_input_adapter input_adapter(std::FILE* file)
 {
+    if (file == nullptr)
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(101, 0, "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+    }
     return file_input_adapter(file);
 }
 
@@ -6587,9 +7309,13 @@ template < typename CharT,
                int >::type = 0 >
 contiguous_bytes_input_adapter input_adapter(CharT b)
 {
+    if (b == nullptr)
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(101, 0, "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+    }
     auto length = std::strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b));
     const auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b);
-    return input_adapter(ptr, ptr + length);
+    return input_adapter(ptr, ptr + length); // cppcheck-suppress[nullPointerArithmeticRedundantCheck]
 }
 
 template<typename T, std::size_t N>
@@ -6635,2383 +7361,2657 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
 
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <string> // string
+#include <type_traits> // enable_if_t
 #include <utility> // move
 #include <vector> // vector
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <clocale> // localeconv
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstdio> // snprintf
+#include <cstdlib> // strtof, strtod, strtold, strtoll, strtoull
+#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
+#include <string> // char_traits, string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
 
 
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+///////////
+// lexer //
+///////////
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class lexer_base
+{
+  public:
+    /// token types for the parser
+    enum class token_type
+    {
+        uninitialized,    ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
+        literal_true,     ///< the `true` literal
+        literal_false,    ///< the `false` literal
+        literal_null,     ///< the `null` literal
+        value_string,     ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
+        value_unsigned,   ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value
+        value_integer,    ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value
+        value_float,      ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value
+        begin_array,      ///< the character for array begin `[`
+        begin_object,     ///< the character for object begin `{`
+        end_array,        ///< the character for array end `]`
+        end_object,       ///< the character for object end `}`
+        name_separator,   ///< the name separator `:`
+        value_separator,  ///< the value separator `,`
+        parse_error,      ///< indicating a parse error
+        end_of_input,     ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
+        literal_or_value  ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics)
+    };
 
+    /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
+    static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept
+    {
+        switch (t)
+        {
+            case token_type::uninitialized:
+                return "<uninitialized>";
+            case token_type::literal_true:
+                return "true literal";
+            case token_type::literal_false:
+                return "false literal";
+            case token_type::literal_null:
+                return "null literal";
+            case token_type::value_string:
+                return "string literal";
+            case token_type::value_unsigned:
+            case token_type::value_integer:
+            case token_type::value_float:
+                return "number literal";
+            case token_type::begin_array:
+                return "'['";
+            case token_type::begin_object:
+                return "'{'";
+            case token_type::end_array:
+                return "']'";
+            case token_type::end_object:
+                return "'}'";
+            case token_type::name_separator:
+                return "':'";
+            case token_type::value_separator:
+                return "','";
+            case token_type::parse_error:
+                return "<parse error>";
+            case token_type::end_of_input:
+                return "end of input";
+            case token_type::literal_or_value:
+                return "'[', '{', or a literal";
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            default: // catch non-enum values
+                return "unknown token";
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
+    }
+};
 /*!
-@brief SAX interface
+@brief lexical analysis
 
-This class describes the SAX interface used by @ref nlohmann::json::sax_parse.
-Each function is called in different situations while the input is parsed. The
-boolean return value informs the parser whether to continue processing the
-input.
+This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization.
 */
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-struct json_sax
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
 {
     using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
     using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
     using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
     using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
+    using char_int_type = typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
 
-    /*!
-    @brief a null value was read
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool null() = 0;
+  public:
+    using token_type = typename lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
 
-    /*!
-    @brief a boolean value was read
-    @param[in] val  boolean value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool boolean(bool val) = 0;
+    explicit lexer(InputAdapterType&& adapter, bool ignore_comments_ = false) noexcept
+        : ia(std::move(adapter))
+        , ignore_comments(ignore_comments_)
+        , decimal_point_char(static_cast<char_int_type>(get_decimal_point()))
+    {}
 
-    /*!
-    @brief an integer number was read
-    @param[in] val  integer value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool number_integer(number_integer_t val) = 0;
+    // deleted because of pointer members
+    lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
+    lexer(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete;
+    lexer& operator=(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    ~lexer() = default;
 
-    /*!
-    @brief an unsigned integer number was read
-    @param[in] val  unsigned integer value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val) = 0;
+  private:
+    /////////////////////
+    // locales
+    /////////////////////
 
-    /*!
-    @brief a floating-point number was read
-    @param[in] val  floating-point value
-    @param[in] s    raw token value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& s) = 0;
+    /// return the locale-dependent decimal point
+    JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
+    static char get_decimal_point() noexcept
+    {
+        const auto* loc = localeconv();
+        JSON_ASSERT(loc != nullptr);
+        return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point);
+    }
+
+    /////////////////////
+    // scan functions
+    /////////////////////
 
     /*!
-    @brief a string value was read
-    @param[in] val  string value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    @note It is safe to move the passed string value.
-    */
-    virtual bool string(string_t& val) = 0;
+    @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u`
 
-    /*!
-    @brief a binary value was read
-    @param[in] val  binary value
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    @note It is safe to move the passed binary value.
-    */
-    virtual bool binary(binary_t& val) = 0;
+    For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is:
+      (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4
+    = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0)
 
-    /*!
-    @brief the beginning of an object was read
-    @param[in] elements  number of object elements or -1 if unknown
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
-    */
-    virtual bool start_object(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+    Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f'
+    must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The
+    conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57)
+    between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value.
 
-    /*!
-    @brief an object key was read
-    @param[in] val  object key
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    @note It is safe to move the passed string.
+    @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or
+            non-hex character)
     */
-    virtual bool key(string_t& val) = 0;
+    int get_codepoint()
+    {
+        // this function only makes sense after reading `\u`
+        JSON_ASSERT(current == 'u');
+        int codepoint = 0;
 
-    /*!
-    @brief the end of an object was read
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool end_object() = 0;
+        const auto factors = { 12u, 8u, 4u, 0u };
+        for (const auto factor : factors)
+        {
+            get();
 
-    /*!
-    @brief the beginning of an array was read
-    @param[in] elements  number of array elements or -1 if unknown
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
-    */
-    virtual bool start_array(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+            if (current >= '0' && current <= '9')
+            {
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x30u) << factor);
+            }
+            else if (current >= 'A' && current <= 'F')
+            {
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x37u) << factor);
+            }
+            else if (current >= 'a' && current <= 'f')
+            {
+                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x57u) << factor);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief the end of an array was read
-    @return whether parsing should proceed
-    */
-    virtual bool end_array() = 0;
+        JSON_ASSERT(0x0000 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0xFFFF);
+        return codepoint;
+    }
 
     /*!
-    @brief a parse error occurred
-    @param[in] position    the position in the input where the error occurs
-    @param[in] last_token  the last read token
-    @param[in] ex          an exception object describing the error
-    @return whether parsing should proceed (must return false)
-    */
-    virtual bool parse_error(std::size_t position,
-                             const std::string& last_token,
-                             const detail::exception& ex) = 0;
-
-    json_sax() = default;
-    json_sax(const json_sax&) = default;
-    json_sax(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
-    json_sax& operator=(const json_sax&) = default;
-    json_sax& operator=(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
-    virtual ~json_sax() = default;
-};
-
-namespace detail
-{
-/*!
-@brief SAX implementation to create a JSON value from SAX events
+    @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range
 
-This class implements the @ref json_sax interface and processes the SAX events
-to create a JSON value which makes it basically a DOM parser. The structure or
-hierarchy of the JSON value is managed by the stack `ref_stack` which contains
-a pointer to the respective array or object for each recursion depth.
+    Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and
+    checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an
+    error message and return false. Otherwise, return true.
 
-After successful parsing, the value that is passed by reference to the
-constructor contains the parsed value.
+    @param[in] ranges  list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of
+                       inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively
 
-@tparam BasicJsonType  the JSON type
-*/
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-class json_sax_dom_parser
-{
-  public:
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is,
+         1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion.
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in,out] r  reference to a JSON value that is manipulated while
-                       parsing
-    @param[in] allow_exceptions_  whether parse errors yield exceptions
+    @return true if and only if no range violation was detected
     */
-    explicit json_sax_dom_parser(BasicJsonType& r, const bool allow_exceptions_ = true)
-        : root(r), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
-    {}
-
-    // make class move-only
-    json_sax_dom_parser(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
-    json_sax_dom_parser(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
-    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    ~json_sax_dom_parser() = default;
-
-    bool null()
-    {
-        handle_value(nullptr);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool boolean(bool val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool string(string_t& val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool binary(binary_t& val)
-    {
-        handle_value(std::move(val));
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+    bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list<char_int_type> ranges)
     {
-        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object));
+        JSON_ASSERT(ranges.size() == 2 || ranges.size() == 4 || ranges.size() == 6);
+        add(current);
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range)
         {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+            get();
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(*range <= current && current <= *(++range))) // NOLINT(bugprone-inc-dec-in-conditions)
+            {
+                add(current);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+                return false;
+            }
         }
 
         return true;
     }
 
-    bool key(string_t& val)
-    {
-        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
-
-        // add null at given key and store the reference for later
-        object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val));
-        return true;
-    }
+    /*!
+    @brief scan a string literal
 
-    bool end_object()
-    {
-        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+    This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 8259. While
+    scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer token_buffer. Then the
+    function returns successfully, token_buffer is *not* null-terminated (as it
+    may contain \0 bytes), and token_buffer.size() is the number of bytes in the
+    string.
 
-        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
-        ref_stack.pop_back();
-        return true;
-    }
+    @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned,
+            token_type::parse_error otherwise
 
-    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+    @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual
+          description.
+    */
+    token_type scan_string()
     {
-        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array));
+        // reset token_buffer (ignore opening quote)
+        reset();
+
+        // we entered the function by reading an open quote
+        JSON_ASSERT(current == '\"');
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        while (true)
         {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
-        }
+            // get the next character
+            switch (get())
+            {
+                // end of file while parsing the string
+                case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                // closing quote
+                case '\"':
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_string;
+                }
 
-    bool end_array()
-    {
-        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array());
-
-        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
-        ref_stack.pop_back();
-        return true;
-    }
+                // escapes
+                case '\\':
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        // quotation mark
+                        case '\"':
+                            add('\"');
+                            break;
+                        // reverse solidus
+                        case '\\':
+                            add('\\');
+                            break;
+                        // solidus
+                        case '/':
+                            add('/');
+                            break;
+                        // backspace
+                        case 'b':
+                            add('\b');
+                            break;
+                        // form feed
+                        case 'f':
+                            add('\f');
+                            break;
+                        // line feed
+                        case 'n':
+                            add('\n');
+                            break;
+                        // carriage return
+                        case 'r':
+                            add('\r');
+                            break;
+                        // tab
+                        case 't':
+                            add('\t');
+                            break;
 
-    template<class Exception>
-    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
-                     const Exception& ex)
-    {
-        errored = true;
-        static_cast<void>(ex);
-        if (allow_exceptions)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(ex);
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
+                        // unicode escapes
+                        case 'u':
+                        {
+                            const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint();
+                            int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1
 
-    constexpr bool is_errored() const
-    {
-        return errored;
-    }
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1))
+                            {
+                                error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+                                return token_type::parse_error;
+                            }
 
-  private:
-    /*!
-    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
-               root.
-    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
-               object to which we can add elements
-    */
-    template<typename Value>
-    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
-    BasicJsonType* handle_value(Value&& v)
-    {
-        if (ref_stack.empty())
-        {
-            root = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
-            return &root;
-        }
+                            // check if code point is a high surrogate
+                            if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
+                            {
+                                // expect next \uxxxx entry
+                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(get() == '\\' && get() == 'u'))
+                                {
+                                    const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint();
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1))
+                                    {
+                                        error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
+                                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                                    }
 
-        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
-        {
-            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Value>(v));
-            return &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
-        }
+                                    // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
+                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 && codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF))
+                                    {
+                                        // overwrite codepoint
+                                        codepoint = static_cast<int>(
+                                                        // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
+                                                        (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint1) << 10u)
+                                                        // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
+                                                        + static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint2)
+                                                        // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00, and 0x10000 noise
+                                                        // in the result, so we have to subtract with:
+                                                        // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
+                                                        - 0x35FDC00u);
+                                    }
+                                    else
+                                    {
+                                        error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+                                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
+                                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF))
+                                {
+                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF";
+                                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                                }
+                            }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
-        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
-        *object_element = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
-        return object_element;
-    }
+                            // the result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint
+                            JSON_ASSERT(0x00 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0x10FFFF);
 
-    /// the parsed JSON value
-    BasicJsonType& root;
-    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
-    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
-    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
-    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
-    /// whether a syntax error occurred
-    bool errored = false;
-    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
-    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
-};
+                            // translate codepoint into bytes
+                            if (codepoint < 0x80)
+                            {
+                                // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(codepoint));
+                            }
+                            else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF)
+                            {
+                                // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xC0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
+                            else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
+                            {
+                                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xE0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xF0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 18u)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
+                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
+                            }
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
-{
-  public:
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
-    using parser_callback_t = typename BasicJsonType::parser_callback_t;
-    using parse_event_t = typename BasicJsonType::parse_event_t;
+                            break;
+                        }
 
-    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(BasicJsonType& r,
-                                 const parser_callback_t cb,
-                                 const bool allow_exceptions_ = true)
-        : root(r), callback(cb), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
-    {
-        keep_stack.push_back(true);
-    }
+                        // other characters after escape
+                        default:
+                            error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash";
+                            return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
 
-    // make class move-only
-    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
-    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
-    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    ~json_sax_dom_callback_parser() = default;
+                    break;
+                }
 
-    bool null()
-    {
-        handle_value(nullptr);
-        return true;
-    }
+                // invalid control characters
+                case 0x00:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0000 (NUL) must be escaped to \\u0000";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool boolean(bool val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x01:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0001 (SOH) must be escaped to \\u0001";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x02:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0002 (STX) must be escaped to \\u0002";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x03:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0003 (ETX) must be escaped to \\u0003";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool string(string_t& val)
-    {
-        handle_value(val);
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x04:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0004 (EOT) must be escaped to \\u0004";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool binary(binary_t& val)
-    {
-        handle_value(std::move(val));
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x05:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0005 (ENQ) must be escaped to \\u0005";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
-    {
-        // check callback for object start
-        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::object_start, discarded);
-        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+                case 0x06:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0006 (ACK) must be escaped to \\u0006";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object, true);
-        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+                case 0x07:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0007 (BEL) must be escaped to \\u0007";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        // check object limit
-        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
-        }
+                case 0x08:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0008 (BS) must be escaped to \\u0008 or \\b";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x09:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0009 (HT) must be escaped to \\u0009 or \\t";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool key(string_t& val)
-    {
-        BasicJsonType k = BasicJsonType(val);
+                case 0x0A:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000A (LF) must be escaped to \\u000A or \\n";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        // check callback for key
-        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::key, k);
-        key_keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+                case 0x0B:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000B (VT) must be escaped to \\u000B";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        // add discarded value at given key and store the reference for later
-        if (keep && ref_stack.back())
-        {
-            object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val) = discarded);
-        }
+                case 0x0C:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000C (FF) must be escaped to \\u000C or \\f";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x0D:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000D (CR) must be escaped to \\u000D or \\r";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool end_object()
-    {
-        if (ref_stack.back())
-        {
-            if (!callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
-            {
-                // discard object
-                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
-            }
-        }
+                case 0x0E:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000E (SO) must be escaped to \\u000E";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
-        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
-        ref_stack.pop_back();
-        keep_stack.pop_back();
+                case 0x0F:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000F (SI) must be escaped to \\u000F";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        if (!ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back() && ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
-        {
-            // remove discarded value
-            for (auto it = ref_stack.back()->begin(); it != ref_stack.back()->end(); ++it)
-            {
-                if (it->is_discarded())
+                case 0x10:
                 {
-                    ref_stack.back()->erase(it);
-                    break;
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0010 (DLE) must be escaped to \\u0010";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
                 }
-            }
-        }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x11:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0011 (DC1) must be escaped to \\u0011";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
-    {
-        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::array_start, discarded);
-        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+                case 0x12:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0012 (DC2) must be escaped to \\u0012";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array, true);
-        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+                case 0x13:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0013 (DC3) must be escaped to \\u0013";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        // check array limit
-        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
-        }
+                case 0x14:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0014 (DC4) must be escaped to \\u0014";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x15:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0015 (NAK) must be escaped to \\u0015";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    bool end_array()
-    {
-        bool keep = true;
+                case 0x16:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0016 (SYN) must be escaped to \\u0016";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        if (ref_stack.back())
-        {
-            keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::array_end, *ref_stack.back());
-            if (keep)
-            {
-                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // discard array
-                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
-            }
-        }
+                case 0x17:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0017 (ETB) must be escaped to \\u0017";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
-        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
-        ref_stack.pop_back();
-        keep_stack.pop_back();
+                case 0x18:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0018 (CAN) must be escaped to \\u0018";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        // remove discarded value
-        if (!keep && !ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back()->is_array())
-        {
-            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->pop_back();
-        }
+                case 0x19:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0019 (EM) must be escaped to \\u0019";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-        return true;
-    }
+                case 0x1A:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001A (SUB) must be escaped to \\u001A";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    template<class Exception>
-    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
-                     const Exception& ex)
-    {
-        errored = true;
-        static_cast<void>(ex);
-        if (allow_exceptions)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(ex);
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
+                case 0x1B:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001B (ESC) must be escaped to \\u001B";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    constexpr bool is_errored() const
-    {
-        return errored;
-    }
+                case 0x1C:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001C (FS) must be escaped to \\u001C";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-  private:
-    /*!
-    @param[in] v  value to add to the JSON value we build during parsing
-    @param[in] skip_callback  whether we should skip calling the callback
-               function; this is required after start_array() and
-               start_object() SAX events, because otherwise we would call the
-               callback function with an empty array or object, respectively.
+                case 0x1D:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001D (GS) must be escaped to \\u001D";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
-               root.
-    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
-               object to which we can add elements
+                case 0x1E:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001E (RS) must be escaped to \\u001E";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
 
-    @return pair of boolean (whether value should be kept) and pointer (to the
-            passed value in the ref_stack hierarchy; nullptr if not kept)
+                case 0x1F:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001F (US) must be escaped to \\u001F";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
+
+                // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace))
+                case 0x20:
+                case 0x21:
+                case 0x23:
+                case 0x24:
+                case 0x25:
+                case 0x26:
+                case 0x27:
+                case 0x28:
+                case 0x29:
+                case 0x2A:
+                case 0x2B:
+                case 0x2C:
+                case 0x2D:
+                case 0x2E:
+                case 0x2F:
+                case 0x30:
+                case 0x31:
+                case 0x32:
+                case 0x33:
+                case 0x34:
+                case 0x35:
+                case 0x36:
+                case 0x37:
+                case 0x38:
+                case 0x39:
+                case 0x3A:
+                case 0x3B:
+                case 0x3C:
+                case 0x3D:
+                case 0x3E:
+                case 0x3F:
+                case 0x40:
+                case 0x41:
+                case 0x42:
+                case 0x43:
+                case 0x44:
+                case 0x45:
+                case 0x46:
+                case 0x47:
+                case 0x48:
+                case 0x49:
+                case 0x4A:
+                case 0x4B:
+                case 0x4C:
+                case 0x4D:
+                case 0x4E:
+                case 0x4F:
+                case 0x50:
+                case 0x51:
+                case 0x52:
+                case 0x53:
+                case 0x54:
+                case 0x55:
+                case 0x56:
+                case 0x57:
+                case 0x58:
+                case 0x59:
+                case 0x5A:
+                case 0x5B:
+                case 0x5D:
+                case 0x5E:
+                case 0x5F:
+                case 0x60:
+                case 0x61:
+                case 0x62:
+                case 0x63:
+                case 0x64:
+                case 0x65:
+                case 0x66:
+                case 0x67:
+                case 0x68:
+                case 0x69:
+                case 0x6A:
+                case 0x6B:
+                case 0x6C:
+                case 0x6D:
+                case 0x6E:
+                case 0x6F:
+                case 0x70:
+                case 0x71:
+                case 0x72:
+                case 0x73:
+                case 0x74:
+                case 0x75:
+                case 0x76:
+                case 0x77:
+                case 0x78:
+                case 0x79:
+                case 0x7A:
+                case 0x7B:
+                case 0x7C:
+                case 0x7D:
+                case 0x7E:
+                case 0x7F:
+                {
+                    add(current);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF
+                case 0xC2:
+                case 0xC3:
+                case 0xC4:
+                case 0xC5:
+                case 0xC6:
+                case 0xC7:
+                case 0xC8:
+                case 0xC9:
+                case 0xCA:
+                case 0xCB:
+                case 0xCC:
+                case 0xCD:
+                case 0xCE:
+                case 0xCF:
+                case 0xD0:
+                case 0xD1:
+                case 0xD2:
+                case 0xD3:
+                case 0xD4:
+                case 0xD5:
+                case 0xD6:
+                case 0xD7:
+                case 0xD8:
+                case 0xD9:
+                case 0xDA:
+                case 0xDB:
+                case 0xDC:
+                case 0xDD:
+                case 0xDE:
+                case 0xDF:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF})))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xE0:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
+                // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xE1:
+                case 0xE2:
+                case 0xE3:
+                case 0xE4:
+                case 0xE5:
+                case 0xE6:
+                case 0xE7:
+                case 0xE8:
+                case 0xE9:
+                case 0xEA:
+                case 0xEB:
+                case 0xEC:
+                case 0xEE:
+                case 0xEF:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF
+                case 0xED:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF0:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF1:
+                case 0xF2:
+                case 0xF3:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
+                case 0xF4:
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
+                    {
+                        return token_type::parse_error;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // the remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed
+                default:
+                {
+                    error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
+                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief scan a comment
+     * @return whether comment could be scanned successfully
+     */
+    bool scan_comment()
+    {
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            // single-line comments skip input until a newline or EOF is read
+            case '/':
+            {
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        case '\n':
+                        case '\r':
+                        case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                        case '\0':
+                            return true;
+
+                        default:
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE();
+            }
+
+            // multi-line comments skip input until */ is read
+            case '*':
+            {
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    switch (get())
+                    {
+                        case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                        case '\0':
+                        {
+                            error_message = "invalid comment; missing closing '*/'";
+                            return false;
+                        }
+
+                        case '*':
+                        {
+                            switch (get())
+                            {
+                                case '/':
+                                    return true;
+
+                                default:
+                                {
+                                    unget();
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        default:
+                            continue;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                JSON_HEDLEY_UNREACHABLE();
+            }
+
+            // unexpected character after reading '/'
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid comment; expecting '/' or '*' after '/'";
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    {
+        f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
+    }
+
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    {
+        f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
+    }
+
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
+    {
+        f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief scan a number literal
+
+    This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 8259.
+
+    The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived
+    from the grammar described in RFC 8259. Starting in state "init", the
+    input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done"
+    accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the
+    table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before.
+
+    state    | 0        | 1-9      | e E      | +       | -       | .        | anything
+    ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------
+    init     | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | minus   | [error]  | [error]
+    minus    | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    zero     | done     | done     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
+    any1     | any1     | any1     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
+    decimal1 | decimal2 | decimal2 | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done    | done    | done     | done
+    exponent | any2     | any2     | [error]  | sign    | sign    | [error]  | [error]
+    sign     | any2     | any2     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
+    any2     | any2     | any2     | done     | done    | done    | done     | done
+
+    The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with
+    "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine
+    contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore,
+    the function is guaranteed to terminate.
+
+    During scanning, the read bytes are stored in token_buffer. This string is
+    then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a
+    floating-point number.
+
+    @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or
+            token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned,
+            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+
+    @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the
+          locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the
+          locale-dependent converters.
     */
-    template<typename Value>
-    std::pair<bool, BasicJsonType*> handle_value(Value&& v, const bool skip_callback = false)
+    token_type scan_number()  // lgtm [cpp/use-of-goto] `goto` is used in this function to implement the number-parsing state machine described above. By design, any finite input will eventually reach the "done" state or return token_type::parse_error. In each intermediate state, 1 byte of the input is appended to the token_buffer vector, and only the already initialized variables token_buffer, number_type, and error_message are manipulated.
     {
-        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+        // reset token_buffer to store the number's bytes
+        reset();
+
+        // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be
+        // changed if minus sign, decimal point, or exponent is read
+        token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
+
+        // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            case '-':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_minus;
+            }
+
+            case '0':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_zero;
+            }
+
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
+            }
+
+            // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number()
+            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        }
+
+scan_number_minus:
+        // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign
+        number_type = token_type::value_integer;
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_zero;
+            }
+
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
+        }
 
-        // do not handle this value if we know it would be added to a discarded
-        // container
-        if (!keep_stack.back())
+scan_number_zero:
+        // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign)
+        switch (get())
         {
-            return {false, nullptr};
-        }
+            case '.':
+            {
+                add(decimal_point_char);
+                decimal_point_position = token_buffer.size() - 1;
+                goto scan_number_decimal1;
+            }
 
-        // create value
-        auto value = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
+            }
 
-        // check callback
-        const bool keep = skip_callback || callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
 
-        // do not handle this value if we just learnt it shall be discarded
-        if (!keep)
+scan_number_any1:
+        // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign)
+        switch (get())
         {
-            return {false, nullptr};
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any1;
+            }
+
+            case '.':
+            {
+                add(decimal_point_char);
+                decimal_point_position = token_buffer.size() - 1;
+                goto scan_number_decimal1;
+            }
+
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
+            }
+
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
         }
 
-        if (ref_stack.empty())
+scan_number_decimal1:
+        // state: we just parsed a decimal point
+        number_type = token_type::value_float;
+        switch (get())
         {
-            root = std::move(value);
-            return {true, & root};
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_decimal2;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
         }
 
-        // skip this value if we already decided to skip the parent
-        // (https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/971#issuecomment-413678360)
-        if (!ref_stack.back())
+scan_number_decimal2:
+        // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point
+        switch (get())
         {
-            return {false, nullptr};
-        }
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_decimal2;
+            }
 
-        // we now only expect arrays and objects
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+            case 'e':
+            case 'E':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_exponent;
+            }
 
-        // array
-        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
-        {
-            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::move(value));
-            return {true, & (ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back())};
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
         }
 
-        // object
-        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
-        // check if we should store an element for the current key
-        JSON_ASSERT(!key_keep_stack.empty());
-        const bool store_element = key_keep_stack.back();
-        key_keep_stack.pop_back();
-
-        if (!store_element)
+scan_number_exponent:
+        // we just parsed an exponent
+        number_type = token_type::value_float;
+        switch (get())
         {
-            return {false, nullptr};
+            case '+':
+            case '-':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_sign;
+            }
+
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message =
+                    "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
         }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
-        *object_element = std::move(value);
-        return {true, object_element};
-    }
+scan_number_sign:
+        // we just parsed an exponent sign
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
+            }
 
-    /// the parsed JSON value
-    BasicJsonType& root;
-    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
-    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
-    /// stack to manage which values to keep
-    std::vector<bool> keep_stack {};
-    /// stack to manage which object keys to keep
-    std::vector<bool> key_keep_stack {};
-    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
-    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
-    /// whether a syntax error occurred
-    bool errored = false;
-    /// callback function
-    const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr;
-    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
-    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
-    /// a discarded value for the callback
-    BasicJsonType discarded = BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded;
-};
+            default:
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
+        }
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-class json_sax_acceptor
-{
-  public:
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+scan_number_any2:
+        // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign
+        switch (get())
+        {
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+            {
+                add(current);
+                goto scan_number_any2;
+            }
 
-    bool null()
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+            default:
+                goto scan_number_done;
+        }
 
-    bool boolean(bool /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+scan_number_done:
+        // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that
+        // we are done scanning a number)
+        unget();
 
-    bool number_integer(number_integer_t /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+        char* endptr = nullptr; // NOLINT(misc-const-correctness,cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+        errno = 0;
 
-    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+        // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats
+        if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned)
+        {
+            const auto x = std::strtoull(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
 
-    bool number_float(number_float_t /*unused*/, const string_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+            // we checked the number format before
+            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
 
-    bool string(string_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+            if (errno != ERANGE)
+            {
+                value_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
+                if (value_unsigned == x)
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_unsigned;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer)
+        {
+            const auto x = std::strtoll(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
 
-    bool binary(binary_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+            // we checked the number format before
+            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
 
-    bool start_object(std::size_t /*unused*/ = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+            if (errno != ERANGE)
+            {
+                value_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(x);
+                if (value_integer == x)
+                {
+                    return token_type::value_integer;
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
-    bool key(string_t& /*unused*/)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+        // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an
+        // integer conversion above failed
+        strtof(value_float, token_buffer.data(), &endptr);
 
-    bool end_object()
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+        // we checked the number format before
+        JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
 
-    bool start_array(std::size_t /*unused*/ = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
-    {
-        return true;
+        return token_type::value_float;
     }
 
-    bool end_array()
+    /*!
+    @param[in] literal_text  the literal text to expect
+    @param[in] length        the length of the passed literal text
+    @param[in] return_type   the token type to return on success
+    */
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    token_type scan_literal(const char_type* literal_text, const std::size_t length,
+                            token_type return_type)
     {
-        return true;
+        JSON_ASSERT(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current) == literal_text[0]);
+        for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i)
+        {
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(get()) != literal_text[i]))
+            {
+                error_message = "invalid literal";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+            }
+        }
+        return return_type;
     }
 
-    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/, const detail::exception& /*unused*/)
+    /////////////////////
+    // input management
+    /////////////////////
+
+    /// reset token_buffer; current character is beginning of token
+    void reset() noexcept
     {
-        return false;
+        token_buffer.clear();
+        token_string.clear();
+        decimal_point_position = std::string::npos;
+        token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
     }
-};
-
-}  // namespace detail
-NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
-
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
-//     __ _____ _____ _____
-//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
-// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
-//
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
+    /*
+    @brief get next character from the input
 
+    This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a
+    `char_traits<char>::eof()` in that case.  Stores the scanned characters
+    for use in error messages.
 
-#include <array> // array
-#include <clocale> // localeconv
-#include <cstddef> // size_t
-#include <cstdio> // snprintf
-#include <cstdlib> // strtof, strtod, strtold, strtoll, strtoull
-#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
-#include <string> // char_traits, string
-#include <utility> // move
-#include <vector> // vector
+    @return character read from the input
+    */
+    char_int_type get()
+    {
+        ++position.chars_read_total;
+        ++position.chars_read_current_line;
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+        if (next_unget)
+        {
+            // only reset the next_unget variable and work with current
+            next_unget = false;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            current = ia.get_character();
+        }
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+        {
+            token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+        }
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+        if (current == '\n')
+        {
+            ++position.lines_read;
+            position.chars_read_current_line = 0;
+        }
 
-// #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+        return current;
+    }
 
+    /*!
+    @brief unget current character (read it again on next get)
 
-NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
-namespace detail
-{
+    We implement unget by setting variable next_unget to true. The input is not
+    changed - we just simulate ungetting by modifying chars_read_total,
+    chars_read_current_line, and token_string. The next call to get() will
+    behave as if the unget character is read again.
+    */
+    void unget()
+    {
+        next_unget = true;
 
-///////////
-// lexer //
-///////////
+        --position.chars_read_total;
 
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-class lexer_base
-{
-  public:
-    /// token types for the parser
-    enum class token_type
-    {
-        uninitialized,    ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
-        literal_true,     ///< the `true` literal
-        literal_false,    ///< the `false` literal
-        literal_null,     ///< the `null` literal
-        value_string,     ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
-        value_unsigned,   ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number_unsigned() for actual value
-        value_integer,    ///< a signed integer -- use get_number_integer() for actual value
-        value_float,      ///< an floating point number -- use get_number_float() for actual value
-        begin_array,      ///< the character for array begin `[`
-        begin_object,     ///< the character for object begin `{`
-        end_array,        ///< the character for array end `]`
-        end_object,       ///< the character for object end `}`
-        name_separator,   ///< the name separator `:`
-        value_separator,  ///< the value separator `,`
-        parse_error,      ///< indicating a parse error
-        end_of_input,     ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
-        literal_or_value  ///< a literal or the begin of a value (only for diagnostics)
-    };
+        // in case we "unget" a newline, we have to also decrement the lines_read
+        if (position.chars_read_current_line == 0)
+        {
+            if (position.lines_read > 0)
+            {
+                --position.lines_read;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            --position.chars_read_current_line;
+        }
 
-    /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
-    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
-    JSON_HEDLEY_CONST
-    static const char* token_type_name(const token_type t) noexcept
-    {
-        switch (t)
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
         {
-            case token_type::uninitialized:
-                return "<uninitialized>";
-            case token_type::literal_true:
-                return "true literal";
-            case token_type::literal_false:
-                return "false literal";
-            case token_type::literal_null:
-                return "null literal";
-            case token_type::value_string:
-                return "string literal";
-            case token_type::value_unsigned:
-            case token_type::value_integer:
-            case token_type::value_float:
-                return "number literal";
-            case token_type::begin_array:
-                return "'['";
-            case token_type::begin_object:
-                return "'{'";
-            case token_type::end_array:
-                return "']'";
-            case token_type::end_object:
-                return "'}'";
-            case token_type::name_separator:
-                return "':'";
-            case token_type::value_separator:
-                return "','";
-            case token_type::parse_error:
-                return "<parse error>";
-            case token_type::end_of_input:
-                return "end of input";
-            case token_type::literal_or_value:
-                return "'[', '{', or a literal";
-            // LCOV_EXCL_START
-            default: // catch non-enum values
-                return "unknown token";
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+            JSON_ASSERT(!token_string.empty());
+            token_string.pop_back();
         }
     }
-};
-/*!
-@brief lexical analysis
 
-This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization.
-*/
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
-class lexer : public lexer_base<BasicJsonType>
-{
-    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
-    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
-    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
-    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
-    using char_type = typename InputAdapterType::char_type;
-    using char_int_type = typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type;
+    /// add a character to token_buffer
+    void add(char_int_type c)
+    {
+        token_buffer.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(c));
+    }
 
   public:
-    using token_type = typename lexer_base<BasicJsonType>::token_type;
+    /////////////////////
+    // value getters
+    /////////////////////
 
-    explicit lexer(InputAdapterType&& adapter, bool ignore_comments_ = false) noexcept
-        : ia(std::move(adapter))
-        , ignore_comments(ignore_comments_)
-        , decimal_point_char(static_cast<char_int_type>(get_decimal_point()))
-    {}
+    /// return integer value
+    constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept
+    {
+        return value_integer;
+    }
 
-    // delete because of pointer members
-    lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
-    lexer(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    lexer& operator=(lexer&) = delete;
-    lexer& operator=(lexer&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
-    ~lexer() = default;
+    /// return unsigned integer value
+    constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept
+    {
+        return value_unsigned;
+    }
 
-  private:
-    /////////////////////
-    // locales
-    /////////////////////
+    /// return floating-point value
+    constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept
+    {
+        return value_float;
+    }
 
-    /// return the locale-dependent decimal point
-    JSON_HEDLEY_PURE
-    static char get_decimal_point() noexcept
+    /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once)
+    string_t& get_string()
     {
-        const auto* loc = localeconv();
-        JSON_ASSERT(loc != nullptr);
-        return (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : *(loc->decimal_point);
+        // translate decimal points from locale back to '.' (#4084)
+        if (decimal_point_char != '.' && decimal_point_position != std::string::npos)
+        {
+            token_buffer[decimal_point_position] = '.';
+        }
+        return token_buffer;
     }
 
     /////////////////////
-    // scan functions
+    // diagnostics
     /////////////////////
 
-    /*!
-    @brief get codepoint from 4 hex characters following `\u`
+    /// return position of last read token
+    constexpr position_t get_position() const noexcept
+    {
+        return position;
+    }
 
-    For input "\u c1 c2 c3 c4" the codepoint is:
-      (c1 * 0x1000) + (c2 * 0x0100) + (c3 * 0x0010) + c4
-    = (c1 << 12) + (c2 << 8) + (c3 << 4) + (c4 << 0)
+    /// return the last read token (for errors only).  Will never contain EOF
+    /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because
+    /// 255 may legitimately occur.  May contain NUL, which should be escaped.
+    std::string get_token_string() const
+    {
+        // escape control characters
+        std::string result;
+        for (const auto c : token_string)
+        {
+            if (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) <= '\x1F')
+            {
+                // escape control characters
+                std::array<char, 9> cs{{}};
+                static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cs.data(), cs.size(), "<U+%.4X>", static_cast<unsigned char>(c))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+                result += cs.data();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // add character as is
+                result.push_back(static_cast<std::string::value_type>(c));
+            }
+        }
 
-    Furthermore, the possible characters '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', and 'a'..'f'
-    must be converted to the integers 0x0..0x9, 0xA..0xF, 0xA..0xF, resp. The
-    conversion is done by subtracting the offset (0x30, 0x37, and 0x57)
-    between the ASCII value of the character and the desired integer value.
+        return result;
+    }
 
-    @return codepoint (0x0000..0xFFFF) or -1 in case of an error (e.g. EOF or
-            non-hex character)
+    /// return syntax error message
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept
+    {
+        return error_message;
+    }
+
+    /////////////////////
+    // actual scanner
+    /////////////////////
+
+    /*!
+    @brief skip the UTF-8 byte order mark
+    @return true iff there is no BOM or the correct BOM has been skipped
     */
-    int get_codepoint()
+    bool skip_bom()
     {
-        // this function only makes sense after reading `\u`
-        JSON_ASSERT(current == 'u');
-        int codepoint = 0;
+        if (get() == 0xEF)
+        {
+            // check if we completely parse the BOM
+            return get() == 0xBB && get() == 0xBF;
+        }
 
-        const auto factors = { 12u, 8u, 4u, 0u };
-        for (const auto factor : factors)
+        // the first character is not the beginning of the BOM; unget it to
+        // process is later
+        unget();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void skip_whitespace()
+    {
+        do
         {
             get();
+        }
+        while (current == ' ' || current == '\t' || current == '\n' || current == '\r');
+    }
 
-            if (current >= '0' && current <= '9')
+    token_type scan()
+    {
+        // initially, skip the BOM
+        if (position.chars_read_total == 0 && !skip_bom())
+        {
+            error_message = "invalid BOM; must be 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF if given";
+            return token_type::parse_error;
+        }
+
+        // read the next character and ignore whitespace
+        skip_whitespace();
+
+        // ignore comments
+        while (ignore_comments && current == '/')
+        {
+            if (!scan_comment())
             {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x30u) << factor);
+                return token_type::parse_error;
             }
-            else if (current >= 'A' && current <= 'F')
+
+            // skip following whitespace
+            skip_whitespace();
+        }
+
+        switch (current)
+        {
+            // structural characters
+            case '[':
+                return token_type::begin_array;
+            case ']':
+                return token_type::end_array;
+            case '{':
+                return token_type::begin_object;
+            case '}':
+                return token_type::end_object;
+            case ':':
+                return token_type::name_separator;
+            case ',':
+                return token_type::value_separator;
+
+            // literals
+            case 't':
             {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x37u) << factor);
+                std::array<char_type, 4> true_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('t'), static_cast<char_type>('r'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
+                return scan_literal(true_literal.data(), true_literal.size(), token_type::literal_true);
             }
-            else if (current >= 'a' && current <= 'f')
+            case 'f':
             {
-                codepoint += static_cast<int>((static_cast<unsigned int>(current) - 0x57u) << factor);
+                std::array<char_type, 5> false_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('f'), static_cast<char_type>('a'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('s'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
+                return scan_literal(false_literal.data(), false_literal.size(), token_type::literal_false);
             }
-            else
+            case 'n':
             {
-                return -1;
+                std::array<char_type, 4> null_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('n'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('l')}};
+                return scan_literal(null_literal.data(), null_literal.size(), token_type::literal_null);
             }
-        }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(0x0000 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0xFFFF);
-        return codepoint;
+            // string
+            case '\"':
+                return scan_string();
+
+            // number
+            case '-':
+            case '0':
+            case '1':
+            case '2':
+            case '3':
+            case '4':
+            case '5':
+            case '6':
+            case '7':
+            case '8':
+            case '9':
+                return scan_number();
+
+            // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from
+            // string literals)
+            case '\0':
+            case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
+                return token_type::end_of_input;
+
+            // error
+            default:
+                error_message = "invalid literal";
+                return token_type::parse_error;
+        }
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief check if the next byte(s) are inside a given range
+  private:
+    /// input adapter
+    InputAdapterType ia;
 
-    Adds the current byte and, for each passed range, reads a new byte and
-    checks if it is inside the range. If a violation was detected, set up an
-    error message and return false. Otherwise, return true.
+    /// whether comments should be ignored (true) or signaled as errors (false)
+    const bool ignore_comments = false;
 
-    @param[in] ranges  list of integers; interpreted as list of pairs of
-                       inclusive lower and upper bound, respectively
+    /// the current character
+    char_int_type current = char_traits<char_type>::eof();
 
-    @pre The passed list @a ranges must have 2, 4, or 6 elements; that is,
-         1, 2, or 3 pairs. This precondition is enforced by an assertion.
+    /// whether the next get() call should just return current
+    bool next_unget = false;
 
-    @return true if and only if no range violation was detected
-    */
-    bool next_byte_in_range(std::initializer_list<char_int_type> ranges)
-    {
-        JSON_ASSERT(ranges.size() == 2 || ranges.size() == 4 || ranges.size() == 6);
-        add(current);
+    /// the start position of the current token
+    position_t position {};
+
+    /// raw input token string (for error messages)
+    std::vector<char_type> token_string {};
 
-        for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); ++range)
-        {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(*range <= current && current <= *(++range))) // NOLINT(bugprone-inc-dec-in-conditions)
-            {
-                add(current);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
+    /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings)
+    string_t token_buffer {};
 
-        return true;
-    }
+    /// a description of occurred lexer errors
+    const char* error_message = "";
 
-    /*!
-    @brief scan a string literal
+    // number values
+    number_integer_t value_integer = 0;
+    number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0;
+    number_float_t value_float = 0;
 
-    This function scans a string according to Sect. 7 of RFC 8259. While
-    scanning, bytes are escaped and copied into buffer token_buffer. Then the
-    function returns successfully, token_buffer is *not* null-terminated (as it
-    may contain \0 bytes), and token_buffer.size() is the number of bytes in the
-    string.
+    /// the decimal point
+    const char_int_type decimal_point_char = '.';
+    /// the position of the decimal point in the input
+    std::size_t decimal_point_position = std::string::npos;
+};
 
-    @return token_type::value_string if string could be successfully scanned,
-            token_type::parse_error otherwise
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
-    @note In case of errors, variable error_message contains a textual
-          description.
-    */
-    token_type scan_string()
-    {
-        // reset token_buffer (ignore opening quote)
-        reset();
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
-        // we entered the function by reading an open quote
-        JSON_ASSERT(current == '\"');
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
 
-        while (true)
-        {
-            // get next character
-            switch (get())
-            {
-                // end of file while parsing string
-                case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: missing closing quote";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 
-                // closing quote
-                case '\"':
-                {
-                    return token_type::value_string;
-                }
+/*!
+@brief SAX interface
 
-                // escapes
-                case '\\':
-                {
-                    switch (get())
-                    {
-                        // quotation mark
-                        case '\"':
-                            add('\"');
-                            break;
-                        // reverse solidus
-                        case '\\':
-                            add('\\');
-                            break;
-                        // solidus
-                        case '/':
-                            add('/');
-                            break;
-                        // backspace
-                        case 'b':
-                            add('\b');
-                            break;
-                        // form feed
-                        case 'f':
-                            add('\f');
-                            break;
-                        // line feed
-                        case 'n':
-                            add('\n');
-                            break;
-                        // carriage return
-                        case 'r':
-                            add('\r');
-                            break;
-                        // tab
-                        case 't':
-                            add('\t');
-                            break;
+This class describes the SAX interface used by @ref nlohmann::json::sax_parse.
+Each function is called in different situations while the input is parsed. The
+boolean return value informs the parser whether to continue processing the
+input.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct json_sax
+{
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
 
-                        // unicode escapes
-                        case 'u':
-                        {
-                            const int codepoint1 = get_codepoint();
-                            int codepoint = codepoint1; // start with codepoint1
+    /*!
+    @brief a null value was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool null() = 0;
 
-                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint1 == -1))
-                            {
-                                error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
-                                return token_type::parse_error;
-                            }
+    /*!
+    @brief a boolean value was read
+    @param[in] val  boolean value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool boolean(bool val) = 0;
 
-                            // check if code point is a high surrogate
-                            if (0xD800 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
-                            {
-                                // expect next \uxxxx entry
-                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(get() == '\\' && get() == 'u'))
-                                {
-                                    const int codepoint2 = get_codepoint();
+    /*!
+    @brief an integer number was read
+    @param[in] val  integer value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_integer(number_integer_t val) = 0;
 
-                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 == -1))
-                                    {
-                                        error_message = "invalid string: '\\u' must be followed by 4 hex digits";
-                                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                                    }
+    /*!
+    @brief an unsigned integer number was read
+    @param[in] val  unsigned integer value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val) = 0;
 
-                                    // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
-                                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint2 && codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF))
-                                    {
-                                        // overwrite codepoint
-                                        codepoint = static_cast<int>(
-                                                        // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
-                                                        (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint1) << 10u)
-                                                        // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
-                                                        + static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint2)
-                                                        // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise
-                                                        // in the result, so we have to subtract with:
-                                                        // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
-                                                        - 0x35FDC00u);
-                                    }
-                                    else
-                                    {
-                                        error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
-                                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                else
-                                {
-                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+D800..U+DBFF must be followed by U+DC00..U+DFFF";
-                                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(0xDC00 <= codepoint1 && codepoint1 <= 0xDFFF))
-                                {
-                                    error_message = "invalid string: surrogate U+DC00..U+DFFF must follow U+D800..U+DBFF";
-                                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                                }
-                            }
+    /*!
+    @brief a floating-point number was read
+    @param[in] val  floating-point value
+    @param[in] s    raw token value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& s) = 0;
 
-                            // result of the above calculation yields a proper codepoint
-                            JSON_ASSERT(0x00 <= codepoint && codepoint <= 0x10FFFF);
+    /*!
+    @brief a string value was read
+    @param[in] val  string value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed string value.
+    */
+    virtual bool string(string_t& val) = 0;
 
-                            // translate codepoint into bytes
-                            if (codepoint < 0x80)
-                            {
-                                // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(codepoint));
-                            }
-                            else if (codepoint <= 0x7FF)
-                            {
-                                // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xC0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
-                            else if (codepoint <= 0xFFFF)
-                            {
-                                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xE0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0xF0u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 18u)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu)));
-                                add(static_cast<char_int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(codepoint) & 0x3Fu)));
-                            }
+    /*!
+    @brief a binary value was read
+    @param[in] val  binary value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed binary value.
+    */
+    virtual bool binary(binary_t& val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief the beginning of an object was read
+    @param[in] elements  number of object elements or -1 if unknown
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+    */
+    virtual bool start_object(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief an object key was read
+    @param[in] val  object key
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed string.
+    */
+    virtual bool key(string_t& val) = 0;
 
-                            break;
-                        }
+    /*!
+    @brief the end of an object was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool end_object() = 0;
 
-                        // other characters after escape
-                        default:
-                            error_message = "invalid string: forbidden character after backslash";
-                            return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+    /*!
+    @brief the beginning of an array was read
+    @param[in] elements  number of array elements or -1 if unknown
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+    */
+    virtual bool start_array(std::size_t elements) = 0;
 
-                    break;
-                }
+    /*!
+    @brief the end of an array was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool end_array() = 0;
 
-                // invalid control characters
-                case 0x00:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0000 (NUL) must be escaped to \\u0000";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    /*!
+    @brief a parse error occurred
+    @param[in] position    the position in the input where the error occurs
+    @param[in] last_token  the last read token
+    @param[in] ex          an exception object describing the error
+    @return whether parsing should proceed (must return false)
+    */
+    virtual bool parse_error(std::size_t position,
+                             const std::string& last_token,
+                             const detail::exception& ex) = 0;
 
-                case 0x01:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0001 (SOH) must be escaped to \\u0001";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    json_sax() = default;
+    json_sax(const json_sax&) = default;
+    json_sax(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+    json_sax& operator=(const json_sax&) = default;
+    json_sax& operator=(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+    virtual ~json_sax() = default;
+};
 
-                case 0x02:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0002 (STX) must be escaped to \\u0002";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+namespace detail
+{
+constexpr std::size_t unknown_size()
+{
+    return (std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)();
+}
 
-                case 0x03:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0003 (ETX) must be escaped to \\u0003";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+/*!
+@brief SAX implementation to create a JSON value from SAX events
 
-                case 0x04:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0004 (EOT) must be escaped to \\u0004";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+This class implements the @ref json_sax interface and processes the SAX events
+to create a JSON value which makes it basically a DOM parser. The structure or
+hierarchy of the JSON value is managed by the stack `ref_stack` which contains
+a pointer to the respective array or object for each recursion depth.
 
-                case 0x05:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0005 (ENQ) must be escaped to \\u0005";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+After successful parsing, the value that is passed by reference to the
+constructor contains the parsed value.
 
-                case 0x06:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0006 (ACK) must be escaped to \\u0006";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+@tparam BasicJsonType  the JSON type
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class json_sax_dom_parser
+{
+  public:
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
 
-                case 0x07:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0007 (BEL) must be escaped to \\u0007";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    /*!
+    @param[in,out] r  reference to a JSON value that is manipulated while
+                       parsing
+    @param[in] allow_exceptions_  whether parse errors yield exceptions
+    */
+    explicit json_sax_dom_parser(BasicJsonType& r, const bool allow_exceptions_ = true, lexer_t* lexer_ = nullptr)
+        : root(r), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_), m_lexer_ref(lexer_)
+    {}
 
-                case 0x08:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0008 (BS) must be escaped to \\u0008 or \\b";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    // make class move-only
+    json_sax_dom_parser(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_parser(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    ~json_sax_dom_parser() = default;
 
-                case 0x09:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0009 (HT) must be escaped to \\u0009 or \\t";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool null()
+    {
+        handle_value(nullptr);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0A:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000A (LF) must be escaped to \\u000A or \\n";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool boolean(bool val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0B:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000B (VT) must be escaped to \\u000B";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0C:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000C (FF) must be escaped to \\u000C or \\f";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0D:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000D (CR) must be escaped to \\u000D or \\r";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0E:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000E (SO) must be escaped to \\u000E";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool string(string_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x0F:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+000F (SI) must be escaped to \\u000F";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool binary(binary_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(std::move(val));
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x10:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0010 (DLE) must be escaped to \\u0010";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object));
 
-                case 0x11:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0011 (DC1) must be escaped to \\u0011";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        // Manually set the start position of the object here.
+        // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            // Lexer has read the first character of the object, so
+            // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+            ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+        }
+#endif
 
-                case 0x12:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0012 (DC2) must be escaped to \\u0012";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
 
-                case 0x13:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0013 (DC3) must be escaped to \\u0013";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x14:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0014 (DC4) must be escaped to \\u0014";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool key(string_t& val)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
 
-                case 0x15:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0015 (NAK) must be escaped to \\u0015";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        // add null at the given key and store the reference for later
+        object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val));
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x16:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0016 (SYN) must be escaped to \\u0016";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool end_object()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            // Lexer's position is past the closing brace, so set that as the end position.
+            ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+        }
+#endif
 
-                case 0x17:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0017 (ETB) must be escaped to \\u0017";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x18:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0018 (CAN) must be escaped to \\u0018";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array));
 
-                case 0x19:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+0019 (EM) must be escaped to \\u0019";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        // Manually set the start position of the array here.
+        // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+        }
+#endif
 
-                case 0x1A:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001A (SUB) must be escaped to \\u001A";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
 
-                case 0x1B:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001B (ESC) must be escaped to \\u001B";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x1C:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001C (FS) must be escaped to \\u001C";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array());
 
-                case 0x1D:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001D (GS) must be escaped to \\u001D";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            // Lexer's position is past the closing bracket, so set that as the end position.
+            ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+        }
+#endif
 
-                case 0x1E:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001E (RS) must be escaped to \\u001E";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        return true;
+    }
 
-                case 0x1F:
-                {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: control character U+001F (US) must be escaped to \\u001F";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
-                }
+    template<class Exception>
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+                     const Exception& ex)
+    {
+        errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
+        if (allow_exceptions)
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
 
-                // U+0020..U+007F (except U+0022 (quote) and U+005C (backspace))
-                case 0x20:
-                case 0x21:
-                case 0x23:
-                case 0x24:
-                case 0x25:
-                case 0x26:
-                case 0x27:
-                case 0x28:
-                case 0x29:
-                case 0x2A:
-                case 0x2B:
-                case 0x2C:
-                case 0x2D:
-                case 0x2E:
-                case 0x2F:
-                case 0x30:
-                case 0x31:
-                case 0x32:
-                case 0x33:
-                case 0x34:
-                case 0x35:
-                case 0x36:
-                case 0x37:
-                case 0x38:
-                case 0x39:
-                case 0x3A:
-                case 0x3B:
-                case 0x3C:
-                case 0x3D:
-                case 0x3E:
-                case 0x3F:
-                case 0x40:
-                case 0x41:
-                case 0x42:
-                case 0x43:
-                case 0x44:
-                case 0x45:
-                case 0x46:
-                case 0x47:
-                case 0x48:
-                case 0x49:
-                case 0x4A:
-                case 0x4B:
-                case 0x4C:
-                case 0x4D:
-                case 0x4E:
-                case 0x4F:
-                case 0x50:
-                case 0x51:
-                case 0x52:
-                case 0x53:
-                case 0x54:
-                case 0x55:
-                case 0x56:
-                case 0x57:
-                case 0x58:
-                case 0x59:
-                case 0x5A:
-                case 0x5B:
-                case 0x5D:
-                case 0x5E:
-                case 0x5F:
-                case 0x60:
-                case 0x61:
-                case 0x62:
-                case 0x63:
-                case 0x64:
-                case 0x65:
-                case 0x66:
-                case 0x67:
-                case 0x68:
-                case 0x69:
-                case 0x6A:
-                case 0x6B:
-                case 0x6C:
-                case 0x6D:
-                case 0x6E:
-                case 0x6F:
-                case 0x70:
-                case 0x71:
-                case 0x72:
-                case 0x73:
-                case 0x74:
-                case 0x75:
-                case 0x76:
-                case 0x77:
-                case 0x78:
-                case 0x79:
-                case 0x7A:
-                case 0x7B:
-                case 0x7C:
-                case 0x7D:
-                case 0x7E:
-                case 0x7F:
-                {
-                    add(current);
-                    break;
-                }
+    constexpr bool is_errored() const
+    {
+        return errored;
+    }
 
-                // U+0080..U+07FF: bytes C2..DF 80..BF
-                case 0xC2:
-                case 0xC3:
-                case 0xC4:
-                case 0xC5:
-                case 0xC6:
-                case 0xC7:
-                case 0xC8:
-                case 0xC9:
-                case 0xCA:
-                case 0xCB:
-                case 0xCC:
-                case 0xCD:
-                case 0xCE:
-                case 0xCF:
-                case 0xD0:
-                case 0xD1:
-                case 0xD2:
-                case 0xD3:
-                case 0xD4:
-                case 0xD5:
-                case 0xD6:
-                case 0xD7:
-                case 0xD8:
-                case 0xD9:
-                case 0xDA:
-                case 0xDB:
-                case 0xDC:
-                case 0xDD:
-                case 0xDE:
-                case 0xDF:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF})))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+  private:
 
-                // U+0800..U+0FFF: bytes E0 A0..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xE0:
-                {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0xA0, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    void handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(BasicJsonType& v)
+    {
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            // Lexer has read past the current field value, so set the end position to the current position.
+            // The start position will be set below based on the length of the string representation
+            // of the value.
+            v.end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
 
-                // U+1000..U+CFFF: bytes E1..EC 80..BF 80..BF
-                // U+E000..U+FFFF: bytes EE..EF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xE1:
-                case 0xE2:
-                case 0xE3:
-                case 0xE4:
-                case 0xE5:
-                case 0xE6:
-                case 0xE7:
-                case 0xE8:
-                case 0xE9:
-                case 0xEA:
-                case 0xEB:
-                case 0xEC:
-                case 0xEE:
-                case 0xEF:
+            switch (v.type())
+            {
+                case value_t::boolean:
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+                    // 4 and 5 are the string length of "true" and "false"
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - (v.m_data.m_value.boolean ? 4 : 5);
                     break;
                 }
 
-                // U+D000..U+D7FF: bytes ED 80..9F 80..BF
-                case 0xED:
+                case value_t::null:
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x9F, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+                    // 4 is the string length of "null"
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - 4;
                     break;
                 }
 
-                // U+10000..U+3FFFF F0 90..BF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF0:
+                case value_t::string:
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x90, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+                    // include the length of the quotes, which is 2
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - v.m_data.m_value.string->size() - 2;
                     break;
                 }
 
-                // U+40000..U+FFFFF F1..F3 80..BF 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF1:
-                case 0xF2:
-                case 0xF3:
+                // As we handle the start and end positions for values created during parsing,
+                // we do not expect the following value type to be called. Regardless, set the positions
+                // in case this is created manually or through a different constructor. Exclude from lcov
+                // since the exact condition of this switch is esoteric.
+                // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                case value_t::discarded:
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+                    v.end_position = std::string::npos;
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position;
                     break;
                 }
-
-                // U+100000..U+10FFFF F4 80..8F 80..BF 80..BF
-                case 0xF4:
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+                case value_t::binary:
+                case value_t::number_integer:
+                case value_t::number_unsigned:
+                case value_t::number_float:
                 {
-                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!(next_byte_in_range({0x80, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xBF, 0x80, 0xBF}))))
-                    {
-                        return token_type::parse_error;
-                    }
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - m_lexer_ref->get_string().size();
                     break;
                 }
-
-                // remaining bytes (80..C1 and F5..FF) are ill-formed
-                default:
+                case value_t::object:
+                case value_t::array:
                 {
-                    error_message = "invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte";
-                    return token_type::parse_error;
+                    // object and array are handled in start_object() and start_array() handlers
+                    // skip setting the values here.
+                    break;
                 }
+                default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                    // Handle all possible types discretely, default handler should never be reached.
+                    JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert,-warnings-as-errors) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
         }
     }
+#endif
 
     /*!
-     * @brief scan a comment
-     * @return whether comment could be scanned successfully
-     */
-    bool scan_comment()
+    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+               root.
+    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+               object to which we can add elements
+    */
+    template<typename Value>
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    BasicJsonType* handle_value(Value&& v)
     {
-        switch (get())
+        if (ref_stack.empty())
         {
-            // single-line comments skip input until a newline or EOF is read
-            case '/':
-            {
-                while (true)
-                {
-                    switch (get())
-                    {
-                        case '\n':
-                        case '\r':
-                        case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                        case '\0':
-                            return true;
+            root = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
 
-                        default:
-                            break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+            handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(root);
+#endif
 
-            // multi-line comments skip input until */ is read
-            case '*':
-            {
-                while (true)
-                {
-                    switch (get())
-                    {
-                        case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                        case '\0':
-                        {
-                            error_message = "invalid comment; missing closing '*/'";
-                            return false;
-                        }
+            return &root;
+        }
 
-                        case '*':
-                        {
-                            switch (get())
-                            {
-                                case '/':
-                                    return true;
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
 
-                                default:
-                                {
-                                    unget();
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
+        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Value>(v));
 
-                        default:
-                            continue;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+            handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
+#endif
 
-            // unexpected character after reading '/'
-            default:
-            {
-                error_message = "invalid comment; expecting '/' or '*' after '/'";
-                return false;
-            }
+            return &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
         }
-    }
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
-    {
-        f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
-    }
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+        *object_element = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
-    {
-        f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
-    }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*object_element);
+#endif
 
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr) noexcept
-    {
-        f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
+        return object_element;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief scan a number literal
-
-    This function scans a string according to Sect. 6 of RFC 8259.
-
-    The function is realized with a deterministic finite state machine derived
-    from the grammar described in RFC 8259. Starting in state "init", the
-    input is read and used to determined the next state. Only state "done"
-    accepts the number. State "error" is a trap state to model errors. In the
-    table below, "anything" means any character but the ones listed before.
-
-    state    | 0        | 1-9      | e E      | +       | -       | .        | anything
-    ---------|----------|----------|----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------
-    init     | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | minus   | [error]  | [error]
-    minus    | zero     | any1     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    zero     | done     | done     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
-    any1     | any1     | any1     | exponent | done    | done    | decimal1 | done
-    decimal1 | decimal2 | decimal2 | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    decimal2 | decimal2 | decimal2 | exponent | done    | done    | done     | done
-    exponent | any2     | any2     | [error]  | sign    | sign    | [error]  | [error]
-    sign     | any2     | any2     | [error]  | [error] | [error] | [error]  | [error]
-    any2     | any2     | any2     | done     | done    | done    | done     | done
-
-    The state machine is realized with one label per state (prefixed with
-    "scan_number_") and `goto` statements between them. The state machine
-    contains cycles, but any cycle can be left when EOF is read. Therefore,
-    the function is guaranteed to terminate.
-
-    During scanning, the read bytes are stored in token_buffer. This string is
-    then converted to a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a
-    floating-point number.
-
-    @return token_type::value_unsigned, token_type::value_integer, or
-            token_type::value_float if number could be successfully scanned,
-            token_type::parse_error otherwise
-
-    @note The scanner is independent of the current locale. Internally, the
-          locale's decimal point is used instead of `.` to work with the
-          locale-dependent converters.
-    */
-    token_type scan_number()  // lgtm [cpp/use-of-goto]
-    {
-        // reset token_buffer to store the number's bytes
-        reset();
-
-        // the type of the parsed number; initially set to unsigned; will be
-        // changed if minus sign, decimal point or exponent is read
-        token_type number_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
-
-        // state (init): we just found out we need to scan a number
-        switch (current)
-        {
-            case '-':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_minus;
-            }
-
-            case '0':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_zero;
-            }
-
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
-            }
-
-            // all other characters are rejected outside scan_number()
-            default:            // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-        }
+    /// the parsed JSON value
+    BasicJsonType& root;
+    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+    /// whether a syntax error occurred
+    bool errored = false;
+    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+    /// the lexer reference to obtain the current position
+    lexer_t* m_lexer_ref = nullptr;
+};
 
-scan_number_minus:
-        // state: we just parsed a leading minus sign
-        number_type = token_type::value_integer;
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_zero;
-            }
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
+{
+  public:
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using parser_callback_t = typename BasicJsonType::parser_callback_t;
+    using parse_event_t = typename BasicJsonType::parse_event_t;
+    using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
 
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
-            }
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(BasicJsonType& r,
+                                 parser_callback_t cb,
+                                 const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
+                                 lexer_t* lexer_ = nullptr)
+        : root(r), callback(std::move(cb)), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_), m_lexer_ref(lexer_)
+    {
+        keep_stack.push_back(true);
+    }
 
-            default:
-            {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '-'";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
-            }
-        }
+    // make class move-only
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    ~json_sax_dom_callback_parser() = default;
 
-scan_number_zero:
-        // state: we just parse a zero (maybe with a leading minus sign)
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '.':
-            {
-                add(decimal_point_char);
-                goto scan_number_decimal1;
-            }
+    bool null()
+    {
+        handle_value(nullptr);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
-            }
+    bool boolean(bool val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
-        }
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-scan_number_any1:
-        // state: we just parsed a number 0-9 (maybe with a leading minus sign)
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any1;
-            }
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-            case '.':
-            {
-                add(decimal_point_char);
-                goto scan_number_decimal1;
-            }
+    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
-            }
+    bool string(string_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
-        }
+    bool binary(binary_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(std::move(val));
+        return true;
+    }
 
-scan_number_decimal1:
-        // state: we just parsed a decimal point
-        number_type = token_type::value_float;
-        switch (get())
+    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        // check callback for object start
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::object_start, discarded);
+        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object, true);
+        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+        if (ref_stack.back())
         {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+            // Manually set the start position of the object here.
+            // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+            if (m_lexer_ref)
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_decimal2;
+                // Lexer has read the first character of the object, so
+                // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+                ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
             }
+#endif
 
-            default:
+            // check object limit
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
             {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after '.'";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
             }
         }
+        return true;
+    }
 
-scan_number_decimal2:
-        // we just parsed at least one number after a decimal point
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_decimal2;
-            }
+    bool key(string_t& val)
+    {
+        BasicJsonType k = BasicJsonType(val);
 
-            case 'e':
-            case 'E':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_exponent;
-            }
+        // check callback for the key
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::key, k);
+        key_keep_stack.push_back(keep);
 
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
+        // add discarded value at the given key and store the reference for later
+        if (keep && ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val) = discarded);
         }
 
-scan_number_exponent:
-        // we just parsed an exponent
-        number_type = token_type::value_float;
-        switch (get())
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_object()
+    {
+        if (ref_stack.back())
         {
-            case '+':
-            case '-':
+            if (!callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_sign;
-            }
+                // discard object
+                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
 
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+                // Set start/end positions for discarded object.
+                handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*ref_stack.back());
+#endif
             }
-
-            default:
+            else
             {
-                error_message =
-                    "invalid number; expected '+', '-', or digit after exponent";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
-            }
-        }
 
-scan_number_sign:
-        // we just parsed an exponent sign
-        switch (get())
-        {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-            {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
-            }
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+                if (m_lexer_ref)
+                {
+                    // Lexer's position is past the closing brace, so set that as the end position.
+                    ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+                }
+#endif
 
-            default:
-            {
-                error_message = "invalid number; expected digit after exponent sign";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
+                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
             }
         }
 
-scan_number_any2:
-        // we just parsed a number after the exponent or exponent sign
-        switch (get())
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+        if (!ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back() && ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
         {
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
+            // remove discarded value
+            for (auto it = ref_stack.back()->begin(); it != ref_stack.back()->end(); ++it)
             {
-                add(current);
-                goto scan_number_any2;
+                if (it->is_discarded())
+                {
+                    ref_stack.back()->erase(it);
+                    break;
+                }
             }
-
-            default:
-                goto scan_number_done;
         }
 
-scan_number_done:
-        // unget the character after the number (we only read it to know that
-        // we are done scanning a number)
-        unget();
+        return true;
+    }
 
-        char* endptr = nullptr; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
-        errno = 0;
+    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::array_start, discarded);
+        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
 
-        // try to parse integers first and fall back to floats
-        if (number_type == token_type::value_unsigned)
+        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array, true);
+        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+        if (ref_stack.back())
         {
-            const auto x = std::strtoull(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
 
-            // we checked the number format before
-            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+            // Manually set the start position of the array here.
+            // Ensure this is after the call to handle_value to ensure correct start position.
+            if (m_lexer_ref)
+            {
+                // Lexer has read the first character of the array, so
+                // subtract 1 from the position to get the correct start position.
+                ref_stack.back()->start_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position() - 1;
+            }
+#endif
 
-            if (errno == 0)
+            // check array limit
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != detail::unknown_size() && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
             {
-                value_unsigned = static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(x);
-                if (value_unsigned == x)
-                {
-                    return token_type::value_unsigned;
-                }
+                JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
             }
         }
-        else if (number_type == token_type::value_integer)
-        {
-            const auto x = std::strtoll(token_buffer.data(), &endptr, 10);
 
-            // we checked the number format before
-            JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        bool keep = true;
 
-            if (errno == 0)
+        if (ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::array_end, *ref_stack.back());
+            if (keep)
             {
-                value_integer = static_cast<number_integer_t>(x);
-                if (value_integer == x)
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+                if (m_lexer_ref)
                 {
-                    return token_type::value_integer;
+                    // Lexer's position is past the closing bracket, so set that as the end position.
+                    ref_stack.back()->end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
                 }
+#endif
+
+                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // discard array
+                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+                // Set start/end positions for discarded array.
+                handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(*ref_stack.back());
+#endif
             }
         }
 
-        // this code is reached if we parse a floating-point number or if an
-        // integer conversion above failed
-        strtof(value_float, token_buffer.data(), &endptr);
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        keep_stack.pop_back();
 
-        // we checked the number format before
-        JSON_ASSERT(endptr == token_buffer.data() + token_buffer.size());
+        // remove discarded value
+        if (!keep && !ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->pop_back();
+        }
 
-        return token_type::value_float;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @param[in] literal_text  the literal text to expect
-    @param[in] length        the length of the passed literal text
-    @param[in] return_type   the token type to return on success
-    */
-    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
-    token_type scan_literal(const char_type* literal_text, const std::size_t length,
-                            token_type return_type)
+    template<class Exception>
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+                     const Exception& ex)
     {
-        JSON_ASSERT(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current) == literal_text[0]);
-        for (std::size_t i = 1; i < length; ++i)
+        errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
+        if (allow_exceptions)
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(get()) != literal_text[i]))
-            {
-                error_message = "invalid literal";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
-            }
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
         }
-        return return_type;
+        return false;
     }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // input management
-    /////////////////////
+    constexpr bool is_errored() const
+    {
+        return errored;
+    }
 
-    /// reset token_buffer; current character is beginning of token
-    void reset() noexcept
+  private:
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    void handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(BasicJsonType& v)
     {
-        token_buffer.clear();
-        token_string.clear();
-        token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+        if (m_lexer_ref)
+        {
+            // Lexer has read past the current field value, so set the end position to the current position.
+            // The start position will be set below based on the length of the string representation
+            // of the value.
+            v.end_position = m_lexer_ref->get_position();
+
+            switch (v.type())
+            {
+                case value_t::boolean:
+                {
+                    // 4 and 5 are the string length of "true" and "false"
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - (v.m_data.m_value.boolean ? 4 : 5);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::null:
+                {
+                    // 4 is the string length of "null"
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - 4;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::string:
+                {
+                    // include the length of the quotes, which is 2
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - v.m_data.m_value.string->size() - 2;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::discarded:
+                {
+                    v.end_position = std::string::npos;
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::binary:
+                case value_t::number_integer:
+                case value_t::number_unsigned:
+                case value_t::number_float:
+                {
+                    v.start_position = v.end_position - m_lexer_ref->get_string().size();
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::object:
+                case value_t::array:
+                {
+                    // object and array are handled in start_object() and start_array() handlers
+                    // skip setting the values here.
+                    break;
+                }
+                default: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                    // Handle all possible types discretely, default handler should never be reached.
+                    JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert,-warnings-as-errors) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            }
+        }
     }
+#endif
 
-    /*
-    @brief get next character from the input
+    /*!
+    @param[in] v  value to add to the JSON value we build during parsing
+    @param[in] skip_callback  whether we should skip calling the callback
+               function; this is required after start_array() and
+               start_object() SAX events, because otherwise we would call the
+               callback function with an empty array or object, respectively.
 
-    This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
-    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns a
-    `char_traits<char>::eof()` in that case.  Stores the scanned characters
-    for use in error messages.
+    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+               root.
+    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+               object to which we can add elements
 
-    @return character read from the input
+    @return pair of boolean (whether value should be kept) and pointer (to the
+            passed value in the ref_stack hierarchy; nullptr if not kept)
     */
-    char_int_type get()
+    template<typename Value>
+    std::pair<bool, BasicJsonType*> handle_value(Value&& v, const bool skip_callback = false)
     {
-        ++position.chars_read_total;
-        ++position.chars_read_current_line;
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
 
-        if (next_unget)
-        {
-            // just reset the next_unget variable and work with current
-            next_unget = false;
-        }
-        else
+        // do not handle this value if we know it would be added to a discarded
+        // container
+        if (!keep_stack.back())
         {
-            current = ia.get_character();
+            return {false, nullptr};
         }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+        // create value
+        auto value = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        handle_diagnostic_positions_for_json_value(value);
+#endif
+
+        // check callback
+        const bool keep = skip_callback || callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
+
+        // do not handle this value if we just learnt it shall be discarded
+        if (!keep)
         {
-            token_string.push_back(char_traits<char_type>::to_char_type(current));
+            return {false, nullptr};
         }
 
-        if (current == '\n')
+        if (ref_stack.empty())
         {
-            ++position.lines_read;
-            position.chars_read_current_line = 0;
+            root = std::move(value);
+            return {true, & root};
         }
 
-        return current;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief unget current character (read it again on next get)
-
-    We implement unget by setting variable next_unget to true. The input is not
-    changed - we just simulate ungetting by modifying chars_read_total,
-    chars_read_current_line, and token_string. The next call to get() will
-    behave as if the unget character is read again.
-    */
-    void unget()
-    {
-        next_unget = true;
-
-        --position.chars_read_total;
-
-        // in case we "unget" a newline, we have to also decrement the lines_read
-        if (position.chars_read_current_line == 0)
+        // skip this value if we already decided to skip the parent
+        // (https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/971#issuecomment-413678360)
+        if (!ref_stack.back())
         {
-            if (position.lines_read > 0)
-            {
-                --position.lines_read;
-            }
+            return {false, nullptr};
         }
-        else
+
+        // we now only expect arrays and objects
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+        // array
+        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
         {
-            --position.chars_read_current_line;
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::move(value));
+            return {true, & (ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back())};
         }
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != char_traits<char_type>::eof()))
+        // object
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        // check if we should store an element for the current key
+        JSON_ASSERT(!key_keep_stack.empty());
+        const bool store_element = key_keep_stack.back();
+        key_keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+        if (!store_element)
         {
-            JSON_ASSERT(!token_string.empty());
-            token_string.pop_back();
+            return {false, nullptr};
         }
-    }
 
-    /// add a character to token_buffer
-    void add(char_int_type c)
-    {
-        token_buffer.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(c));
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+        *object_element = std::move(value);
+        return {true, object_element};
     }
 
+    /// the parsed JSON value
+    BasicJsonType& root;
+    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+    /// stack to manage which values to keep
+    std::vector<bool> keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    /// stack to manage which object keys to keep
+    std::vector<bool> key_keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+    /// whether a syntax error occurred
+    bool errored = false;
+    /// callback function
+    const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr;
+    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+    /// a discarded value for the callback
+    BasicJsonType discarded = BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded;
+    /// the lexer reference to obtain the current position
+    lexer_t* m_lexer_ref = nullptr;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_sax_acceptor
+{
   public:
-    /////////////////////
-    // value getters
-    /////////////////////
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
 
-    /// return integer value
-    constexpr number_integer_t get_number_integer() const noexcept
+    bool null()
     {
-        return value_integer;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /// return unsigned integer value
-    constexpr number_unsigned_t get_number_unsigned() const noexcept
+    bool boolean(bool /*unused*/)
     {
-        return value_unsigned;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /// return floating-point value
-    constexpr number_float_t get_number_float() const noexcept
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t /*unused*/)
     {
-        return value_float;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /// return current string value (implicitly resets the token; useful only once)
-    string_t& get_string()
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t /*unused*/)
     {
-        return token_buffer;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // diagnostics
-    /////////////////////
-
-    /// return position of last read token
-    constexpr position_t get_position() const noexcept
+    bool number_float(number_float_t /*unused*/, const string_t& /*unused*/)
     {
-        return position;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /// return the last read token (for errors only).  Will never contain EOF
-    /// (an arbitrary value that is not a valid char value, often -1), because
-    /// 255 may legitimately occur.  May contain NUL, which should be escaped.
-    std::string get_token_string() const
+    bool string(string_t& /*unused*/)
     {
-        // escape control characters
-        std::string result;
-        for (const auto c : token_string)
-        {
-            if (static_cast<unsigned char>(c) <= '\x1F')
-            {
-                // escape control characters
-                std::array<char, 9> cs{{}};
-                static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cs.data(), cs.size(), "<U+%.4X>", static_cast<unsigned char>(c))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
-                result += cs.data();
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // add character as is
-                result.push_back(static_cast<std::string::value_type>(c));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /// return syntax error message
-    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
-    constexpr const char* get_error_message() const noexcept
+    bool binary(binary_t& /*unused*/)
     {
-        return error_message;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    /////////////////////
-    // actual scanner
-    /////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief skip the UTF-8 byte order mark
-    @return true iff there is no BOM or the correct BOM has been skipped
-    */
-    bool skip_bom()
+    bool start_object(std::size_t /*unused*/ = detail::unknown_size())
     {
-        if (get() == 0xEF)
-        {
-            // check if we completely parse the BOM
-            return get() == 0xBB && get() == 0xBF;
-        }
-
-        // the first character is not the beginning of the BOM; unget it to
-        // process is later
-        unget();
         return true;
     }
 
-    void skip_whitespace()
+    bool key(string_t& /*unused*/)
     {
-        do
-        {
-            get();
-        }
-        while (current == ' ' || current == '\t' || current == '\n' || current == '\r');
+        return true;
     }
 
-    token_type scan()
+    bool end_object()
     {
-        // initially, skip the BOM
-        if (position.chars_read_total == 0 && !skip_bom())
-        {
-            error_message = "invalid BOM; must be 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF if given";
-            return token_type::parse_error;
-        }
-
-        // read next character and ignore whitespace
-        skip_whitespace();
-
-        // ignore comments
-        while (ignore_comments && current == '/')
-        {
-            if (!scan_comment())
-            {
-                return token_type::parse_error;
-            }
-
-            // skip following whitespace
-            skip_whitespace();
-        }
-
-        switch (current)
-        {
-            // structural characters
-            case '[':
-                return token_type::begin_array;
-            case ']':
-                return token_type::end_array;
-            case '{':
-                return token_type::begin_object;
-            case '}':
-                return token_type::end_object;
-            case ':':
-                return token_type::name_separator;
-            case ',':
-                return token_type::value_separator;
-
-            // literals
-            case 't':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 4> true_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('t'), static_cast<char_type>('r'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
-                return scan_literal(true_literal.data(), true_literal.size(), token_type::literal_true);
-            }
-            case 'f':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 5> false_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('f'), static_cast<char_type>('a'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('s'), static_cast<char_type>('e')}};
-                return scan_literal(false_literal.data(), false_literal.size(), token_type::literal_false);
-            }
-            case 'n':
-            {
-                std::array<char_type, 4> null_literal = {{static_cast<char_type>('n'), static_cast<char_type>('u'), static_cast<char_type>('l'), static_cast<char_type>('l')}};
-                return scan_literal(null_literal.data(), null_literal.size(), token_type::literal_null);
-            }
-
-            // string
-            case '\"':
-                return scan_string();
-
-            // number
-            case '-':
-            case '0':
-            case '1':
-            case '2':
-            case '3':
-            case '4':
-            case '5':
-            case '6':
-            case '7':
-            case '8':
-            case '9':
-                return scan_number();
-
-            // end of input (the null byte is needed when parsing from
-            // string literals)
-            case '\0':
-            case char_traits<char_type>::eof():
-                return token_type::end_of_input;
-
-            // error
-            default:
-                error_message = "invalid literal";
-                return token_type::parse_error;
-        }
+        return true;
     }
 
-  private:
-    /// input adapter
-    InputAdapterType ia;
-
-    /// whether comments should be ignored (true) or signaled as errors (false)
-    const bool ignore_comments = false;
-
-    /// the current character
-    char_int_type current = char_traits<char_type>::eof();
-
-    /// whether the next get() call should just return current
-    bool next_unget = false;
-
-    /// the start position of the current token
-    position_t position {};
-
-    /// raw input token string (for error messages)
-    std::vector<char_type> token_string {};
-
-    /// buffer for variable-length tokens (numbers, strings)
-    string_t token_buffer {};
-
-    /// a description of occurred lexer errors
-    const char* error_message = "";
+    bool start_array(std::size_t /*unused*/ = detail::unknown_size())
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
 
-    // number values
-    number_integer_t value_integer = 0;
-    number_unsigned_t value_unsigned = 0;
-    number_float_t value_float = 0;
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
 
-    /// the decimal point
-    const char_int_type decimal_point_char = '.';
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/, const detail::exception& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
 };
 
 }  // namespace detail
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -9195,7 +10195,7 @@ enum class cbor_tag_handler_t
 
 @note from https://stackoverflow.com/a/1001328/266378
 */
-static inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
+inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
 {
     return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
 }
@@ -9207,7 +10207,7 @@ static inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
 /*!
 @brief deserialization of CBOR, MessagePack, and UBJSON values
 */
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX = json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType>>
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType, typename SAX = json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>>
 class binary_reader
 {
     using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
@@ -9314,7 +10314,7 @@ class binary_reader
         std::int32_t document_size{};
         get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
         {
             return false;
         }
@@ -9470,7 +10470,13 @@ class binary_reader
                 return get_number<std::int64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_integer(value);
             }
 
-            default: // anything else not supported (yet)
+            case 0x11: // uint64
+            {
+                std::uint64_t value{};
+                return get_number<std::uint64_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, value) && sax->number_unsigned(value);
+            }
+
+            default: // anything else is not supported (yet)
             {
                 std::array<char, 3> cr{{}};
                 static_cast<void>((std::snprintf)(cr.data(), cr.size(), "%.2hhX", static_cast<unsigned char>(element_type))); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
@@ -9536,7 +10542,7 @@ class binary_reader
         std::int32_t document_size{};
         get_number<std::int32_t, true>(input_format_t::bson, document_size);
 
-        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
         {
             return false;
         }
@@ -9561,6 +10567,25 @@ class binary_reader
 
     @return whether a valid CBOR value was passed to the SAX parser
     */
+
+    template<typename NumberType>
+    bool get_cbor_negative_integer()
+    {
+        NumberType number{};
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number)))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const auto max_val = static_cast<NumberType>((std::numeric_limits<number_integer_t>::max)());
+        if (number > max_val)
+        {
+            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(),
+                                    parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+                                            exception_message(input_format_t::cbor, "negative integer overflow", "value"), nullptr));
+        }
+        return sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - static_cast<number_integer_t>(number));
+    }
+
     bool parse_cbor_internal(const bool get_char,
                              const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler)
     {
@@ -9649,29 +10674,16 @@ class binary_reader
                 return sax->number_integer(static_cast<std::int8_t>(0x20 - 1 - current));
 
             case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint8_t number{};
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                return get_cbor_negative_integer<std::uint8_t>();
 
             case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint16_t number{};
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                return get_cbor_negative_integer<std::uint16_t>();
 
             case 0x3A: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint32_t number{};
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - number);
-            }
+                return get_cbor_negative_integer<std::uint32_t>();
 
             case 0x3B: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
-            {
-                std::uint64_t number{};
-                return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, number) && sax->number_integer(static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1)
-                        - static_cast<number_integer_t>(number));
-            }
+                return get_cbor_negative_integer<std::uint64_t>();
 
             // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
             case 0x40:
@@ -9796,7 +10808,7 @@ class binary_reader
             }
 
             case 0x9F: // array (indefinite length)
-                return get_cbor_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1), tag_handler);
+                return get_cbor_array(detail::unknown_size(), tag_handler);
 
             // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow)
             case 0xA0:
@@ -9850,7 +10862,7 @@ class binary_reader
             }
 
             case 0xBF: // map (indefinite length)
-                return get_cbor_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1), tag_handler);
+                return get_cbor_object(detail::unknown_size(), tag_handler);
 
             case 0xC6: // tagged item
             case 0xC7:
@@ -9867,7 +10879,7 @@ class binary_reader
             case 0xD2:
             case 0xD3:
             case 0xD4:
-            case 0xD8: // tagged item (1 bytes follow)
+            case 0xD8: // tagged item (1 byte follows)
             case 0xD9: // tagged item (2 bytes follow)
             case 0xDA: // tagged item (4 bytes follow)
             case 0xDB: // tagged item (8 bytes follow)
@@ -9919,7 +10931,7 @@ class binary_reader
                     case cbor_tag_handler_t::store:
                     {
                         binary_t b;
-                        // use binary subtype and store in binary container
+                        // use binary subtype and store in a binary container
                         switch (current)
                         {
                             case 0xD8:
@@ -9988,7 +11000,7 @@ class binary_reader
                 const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
                 const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
 
-                // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
+                // Code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
                 // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
                 // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
                 // still only have limited support for them. It is very
@@ -10238,7 +11250,7 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the array or static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) for an
+    @param[in] len  the length of the array or detail::unknown_size() for an
                     array of indefinite size
     @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
     @return whether array creation completed
@@ -10251,7 +11263,7 @@ class binary_reader
             return false;
         }
 
-        if (len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+        if (len != detail::unknown_size())
         {
             for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
             {
@@ -10276,7 +11288,7 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @param[in] len  the length of the object or static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) for an
+    @param[in] len  the length of the object or detail::unknown_size() for an
                     object of indefinite size
     @param[in] tag_handler how CBOR tags should be treated
     @return whether object creation completed
@@ -10292,7 +11304,7 @@ class binary_reader
         if (len != 0)
         {
             string_t key;
-            if (len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+            if (len != detail::unknown_size())
             {
                 for (std::size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
                 {
@@ -11295,7 +12307,7 @@ class binary_reader
                 {
                     break;
                 }
-                if (is_ndarray) // ndarray dimensional vector can only contain integers, and can not embed another array
+                if (is_ndarray) // ndarray dimensional vector can only contain integers and cannot embed another array
                 {
                     return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(113, chars_read, exception_message(input_format, "ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", "size"), nullptr));
                 }
@@ -11328,8 +12340,16 @@ class binary_reader
                     result = 1;
                     for (auto i : dim)
                     {
+                        // Pre-multiplication overflow check: if i > 0 and result > SIZE_MAX/i, then result*i would overflow.
+                        // This check must happen before multiplication since overflow detection after the fact is unreliable
+                        // as modular arithmetic can produce any value, not just 0 or SIZE_MAX.
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(i > 0 && result > (std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)() / i))
+                        {
+                            return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408, exception_message(input_format, "excessive ndarray size caused overflow", "size"), nullptr));
+                        }
                         result *= i;
-                        if (result == 0 || result == npos) // because dim elements shall not have zeros, result = 0 means overflow happened; it also can't be npos as it is used to initialize size in get_ubjson_size_type()
+                        // Additional post-multiplication check to catch any edge cases the pre-check might miss
+                        if (result == 0 || result == npos)
                         {
                             return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408, exception_message(input_format, "excessive ndarray size caused overflow", "size"), nullptr));
                         }
@@ -11455,6 +12475,16 @@ class binary_reader
             case 'Z':  // null
                 return sax->null();
 
+            case 'B':  // byte
+            {
+                if (input_format != input_format_t::bjdata)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+                std::uint8_t number{};
+                return get_number(input_format, number) && sax->number_unsigned(number);
+            }
+
             case 'U':
             {
                 std::uint8_t number{};
@@ -11535,7 +12565,7 @@ class binary_reader
                 const auto byte1 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte1_raw);
                 const auto byte2 = static_cast<unsigned char>(byte2_raw);
 
-                // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
+                // Code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
                 // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added
                 // to IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often
                 // still only have limited support for them. It is very
@@ -11655,7 +12685,7 @@ class binary_reader
                 return false;
             }
 
-            if (size_and_type.second == 'C')
+            if (size_and_type.second == 'C' || size_and_type.second == 'B')
             {
                 size_and_type.second = 'U';
             }
@@ -11677,6 +12707,13 @@ class binary_reader
             return (sax->end_array() && sax->end_object());
         }
 
+        // If BJData type marker is 'B' decode as binary
+        if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && size_and_type.first != npos && size_and_type.second == 'B')
+        {
+            binary_t result;
+            return get_binary(input_format, size_and_type.first, result) && sax->binary(result);
+        }
+
         if (size_and_type.first != npos)
         {
             if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
@@ -11710,7 +12747,7 @@ class binary_reader
         }
         else
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
             {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -11788,7 +12825,7 @@ class binary_reader
         }
         else
         {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
             {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -11816,7 +12853,7 @@ class binary_reader
 
     bool get_ubjson_high_precision_number()
     {
-        // get size of following number string
+        // get the size of the following number string
         std::size_t size{};
         bool no_ndarray = true;
         auto res = get_ubjson_size_value(size, no_ndarray);
@@ -11899,6 +12936,29 @@ class binary_reader
         return current = ia.get_character();
     }
 
+    /*!
+    @brief get_to read into a primitive type
+
+    This function provides the interface to the used input adapter. It does
+    not throw in case the input reached EOF, but returns false instead
+
+    @return bool, whether the read was successful
+    */
+    template<class T>
+    bool get_to(T& dest, const input_format_t format, const char* context)
+    {
+        auto new_chars_read = ia.get_elements(&dest);
+        chars_read += new_chars_read;
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(new_chars_read < sizeof(T)))
+        {
+            // in case of failure, advance position by 1 to report the failing location
+            ++chars_read;
+            sax->parse_error(chars_read, "<end of file>", parse_error::create(110, chars_read, exception_message(format, "unexpected end of input", context), nullptr));
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     /*!
     @return character read from the input after ignoring all 'N' entries
     */
@@ -11913,6 +12973,33 @@ class binary_reader
         return current;
     }
 
+    template<class NumberType>
+    static void byte_swap(NumberType& number)
+    {
+        constexpr std::size_t sz = sizeof(number);
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byteswap
+        if constexpr (sz == 1)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+        else if constexpr(std::is_integral_v<NumberType>)
+        {
+            number = std::byteswap(number);
+            return;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+#endif
+            auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<std::uint8_t*>(&number);
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sz / 2; ++i)
+            {
+                std::swap(ptr[i], ptr[sz - i - 1]);
+            }
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byteswap
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
     /*
     @brief read a number from the input
 
@@ -11931,29 +13018,16 @@ class binary_reader
     template<typename NumberType, bool InputIsLittleEndian = false>
     bool get_number(const input_format_t format, NumberType& result)
     {
-        // step 1: read input into array with system's byte order
-        std::array<std::uint8_t, sizeof(NumberType)> vec{};
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(NumberType); ++i)
-        {
-            get();
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(format, "number")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
+        // read in the original format
 
-            // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary
-            if (is_little_endian != (InputIsLittleEndian || format == input_format_t::bjdata))
-            {
-                vec[sizeof(NumberType) - i - 1] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                vec[i] = static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-            }
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_to(result, format, "number")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (is_little_endian != (InputIsLittleEndian || format == input_format_t::bjdata))
+        {
+            byte_swap(result);
         }
-
-        // step 2: convert array into number of type T and return
-        std::memcpy(&result, vec.data(), sizeof(NumberType));
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -12018,7 +13092,7 @@ class binary_reader
                 success = false;
                 break;
             }
-            result.push_back(static_cast<std::uint8_t>(current));
+            result.push_back(static_cast<typename binary_t::value_type>(current));
         }
         return success;
     }
@@ -12092,7 +13166,7 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
   private:
-    static JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr std::size_t npos = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1);
+    static JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr std::size_t npos = detail::unknown_size();
 
     /// input adapter
     InputAdapterType ia;
@@ -12118,6 +13192,7 @@ class binary_reader
 
 #define JSON_BINARY_READER_MAKE_BJD_TYPES_MAP_ \
     make_array<bjd_type>(                      \
+    bjd_type{'B', "byte"},                     \
     bjd_type{'C', "char"},                     \
     bjd_type{'D', "double"},                   \
     bjd_type{'I', "int16"},                    \
@@ -12160,10 +13235,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/input/parser.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -12237,12 +13312,14 @@ class parser
   public:
     /// a parser reading from an input adapter
     explicit parser(InputAdapterType&& adapter,
-                    const parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> cb = nullptr,
+                    parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> cb = nullptr,
                     const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
-                    const bool skip_comments = false)
-        : callback(cb)
-        , m_lexer(std::move(adapter), skip_comments)
+                    const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                    const bool ignore_trailing_commas_ = false)
+        : callback(std::move(cb))
+        , m_lexer(std::move(adapter), ignore_comments)
         , allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+        , ignore_trailing_commas(ignore_trailing_commas_)
     {
         // read first token
         get_token();
@@ -12262,7 +13339,7 @@ class parser
     {
         if (callback)
         {
-            json_sax_dom_callback_parser<BasicJsonType> sdp(result, callback, allow_exceptions);
+            json_sax_dom_callback_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType> sdp(result, callback, allow_exceptions, &m_lexer);
             sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
 
             // in strict mode, input must be completely read
@@ -12274,7 +13351,7 @@ class parser
                                                     exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
             }
 
-            // in case of an error, return discarded value
+            // in case of an error, return a discarded value
             if (sdp.is_errored())
             {
                 result = value_t::discarded;
@@ -12290,7 +13367,7 @@ class parser
         }
         else
         {
-            json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+            json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType> sdp(result, allow_exceptions, &m_lexer);
             sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
 
             // in strict mode, input must be completely read
@@ -12301,7 +13378,7 @@ class parser
                                 parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
             }
 
-            // in case of an error, return discarded value
+            // in case of an error, return a discarded value
             if (sdp.is_errored())
             {
                 result = value_t::discarded;
@@ -12362,7 +13439,7 @@ class parser
                 {
                     case token_type::begin_object:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(detail::unknown_size())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -12407,7 +13484,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::begin_array:
                     {
-                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(detail::unknown_size())))
                         {
                             return false;
                         }
@@ -12504,7 +13581,7 @@ class parser
 
                     case token_type::parse_error:
                     {
-                        // using "uninitialized" to avoid "expected" message
+                        // using "uninitialized" to avoid an "expected" message
                         return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
                                                 m_lexer.get_token_string(),
                                                 parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::uninitialized, "value"), nullptr));
@@ -12552,11 +13629,17 @@ class parser
             if (states.back())  // array
             {
                 // comma -> next value
+                // or end of array (ignore_trailing_commas = true)
                 if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
                 {
                     // parse a new value
                     get_token();
-                    continue;
+
+                    // if ignore_trailing_commas and last_token is ], we can continue to "closing ]"
+                    if (!(ignore_trailing_commas && last_token == token_type::end_array))
+                    {
+                        continue;
+                    }
                 }
 
                 // closing ]
@@ -12585,32 +13668,39 @@ class parser
             // states.back() is false -> object
 
             // comma -> next value
+            // or end of object (ignore_trailing_commas = true)
             if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
             {
-                // parse key
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::value_string))
-                {
-                    return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
-                                            m_lexer.get_token_string(),
-                                            parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
-                }
+                get_token();
 
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                // if ignore_trailing_commas and last_token is }, we can continue to "closing }"
+                if (!(ignore_trailing_commas && last_token == token_type::end_object))
                 {
-                    return false;
-                }
+                    // parse key
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(last_token != token_type::value_string))
+                    {
+                        return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
+                    }
 
-                // parse separator (:)
-                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
-                {
-                    return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
-                                            m_lexer.get_token_string(),
-                                            parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
-                }
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
 
-                // parse values
-                get_token();
-                continue;
+                    // parse separator (:)
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
+                    {
+                        return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
+                    }
+
+                    // parse values
+                    get_token();
+                    continue;
+                }
             }
 
             // closing }
@@ -12681,6 +13771,8 @@ class parser
     lexer_t m_lexer;
     /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
     const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+    /// whether trailing commas in objects and arrays should be ignored (true) or signaled as errors (false)
+    const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace detail
@@ -12689,10 +13781,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -12702,10 +13794,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -12724,9 +13816,9 @@ namespace detail
 @brief an iterator for primitive JSON types
 
 This class models an iterator for primitive JSON types (boolean, number,
-string). It's only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes
+string). Its only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes
 to "iterate" over primitive values. Internally, the iterator is modeled by
-a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin,
+a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin and
 end_value (`1`) models past the end.
 */
 class primitive_iterator_t
@@ -12861,10 +13953,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iter_impl.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -12891,7 +13983,7 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
 
-// forward declare, to be able to friend it later on
+// forward declare to be able to friend it later on
 template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy;
 template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value;
 
@@ -12903,7 +13995,7 @@ This class implements a both iterators (iterator and const_iterator) for the
       been set (e.g., by a constructor or a copy assignment). If the iterator is
       default-constructed, it is *uninitialized* and most methods are undefined.
       **The library uses assertions to detect calls on uninitialized iterators.**
-@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+@requirement REQ-JSON-01 The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
 -
 [BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
   The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
@@ -13331,7 +14423,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: equal
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
     bool operator==(const IterImpl& other) const
@@ -13342,7 +14434,11 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
         }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+        // value-initialized forward iterators can be compared, and must compare equal to other value-initialized iterators of the same type #4493
+        if (m_object == nullptr)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
 
         switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
         {
@@ -13367,7 +14463,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: not equal
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
     bool operator!=(const IterImpl& other) const
@@ -13377,7 +14473,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: smaller
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     bool operator<(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
@@ -13387,7 +14483,12 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
         }
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+        // value-initialized forward iterators can be compared, and must compare equal to other value-initialized iterators of the same type #4493
+        if (m_object == nullptr)
+        {
+            // the iterators are both value-initialized and are to be considered equal, but this function checks for smaller, so we return false
+            return false;
+        }
 
         switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
         {
@@ -13412,7 +14513,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: less than or equal
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
@@ -13421,7 +14522,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: greater than
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) Both iterators are initialized to point to the same object, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
@@ -13430,7 +14531,7 @@ class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-speci
 
     /*!
     @brief comparison: greater than or equal
-    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    @pre (1) The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`, or (2) both iterators are value-initialized.
     */
     bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const
     {
@@ -13623,10 +14724,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/json_reverse_iterator.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -13653,7 +14754,7 @@ namespace detail
 iterator (to create @ref reverse_iterator) and @ref const_iterator (to
 create @ref const_reverse_iterator).
 
-@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+@requirement REQ-JSON-02 The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
 -
 [BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
   The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
@@ -13758,10 +14859,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/json_custom_base_class.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -13800,10 +14901,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/json_pointer.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -13959,6 +15060,44 @@ class json_pointer
         return res;
     }
 
+    /// @brief remove first reference token
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_front/
+    void pop_front()
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(empty()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent", nullptr));
+        }
+
+        reference_tokens.erase(reference_tokens.begin());
+    }
+
+    /// @brief return first reference token
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/front/
+    const string_t& front() const
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(empty()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(detail::out_of_range::create(405, "JSON pointer has no parent", nullptr));
+        }
+
+        return reference_tokens.front();
+    }
+
+    /// @brief append an unescaped token at the start of the reference pointer
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_front/
+    void push_front(const string_t& token)
+    {
+        reference_tokens.insert(reference_tokens.begin(), token);
+    }
+
+    /// @brief append an unescaped token at the start of the reference pointer
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_front/
+    void push_front(string_t&& token)
+    {
+        reference_tokens.insert(reference_tokens.begin(), std::move(token));
+    }
+
     /// @brief remove last reference token
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_back/
     void pop_back()
@@ -14033,7 +15172,7 @@ class json_pointer
         }
 
         const char* p = s.c_str();
-        char* p_end = nullptr;
+        char* p_end = nullptr; // NOLINT(misc-const-correctness)
         errno = 0; // strtoull doesn't reset errno
         const unsigned long long res = std::strtoull(p, &p_end, 10); // NOLINT(runtime/int)
         if (p == p_end // invalid input or empty string
@@ -14090,7 +15229,7 @@ class json_pointer
                 {
                     if (reference_token == "0")
                     {
-                        // start a new array if reference token is 0
+                        // start a new array if the reference token is 0
                         result = &result->operator[](0);
                     }
                     else
@@ -14119,7 +15258,7 @@ class json_pointer
                 The following code is only reached if there exists a reference
                 token _and_ the current value is primitive. In this case, we have
                 an error situation, because primitive values may only occur as
-                single value; that is, with an empty list of reference tokens.
+                a single value; that is, with an empty list of reference tokens.
                 */
                 case detail::value_t::string:
                 case detail::value_t::boolean:
@@ -14163,7 +15302,7 @@ class json_pointer
             // convert null values to arrays or objects before continuing
             if (ptr->is_null())
             {
-                // check if reference token is a number
+                // check if the reference token is a number
                 const bool nums =
                     std::all_of(reference_token.begin(), reference_token.end(),
                                 [](const unsigned char x)
@@ -14171,7 +15310,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     return std::isdigit(x);
                 });
 
-                // change value to array for numbers or "-" or to object otherwise
+                // change value to an array for numbers or "-" or to object otherwise
                 *ptr = (nums || reference_token == "-")
                        ? detail::value_t::array
                        : detail::value_t::object;
@@ -14414,7 +15553,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     {
                         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!('1' <= reference_token[0] && reference_token[0] <= '9')))
                         {
-                            // first char should be between '1' and '9'
+                            // the first char should be between '1' and '9'
                             return false;
                         }
                         for (std::size_t i = 1; i < reference_token.size(); i++)
@@ -14478,7 +15617,7 @@ class json_pointer
             return result;
         }
 
-        // check if nonempty reference string begins with slash
+        // check if a nonempty reference string begins with slash
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(reference_string[0] != '/'))
         {
             JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(107, 1, detail::concat("JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: '", reference_string, "'"), nullptr));
@@ -14552,10 +15691,10 @@ class json_pointer
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    // iterate array and use index as reference string
+                    // iterate array and use index as a reference string
                     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < value.m_data.m_value.array->size(); ++i)
                     {
-                        flatten(detail::concat(reference_string, '/', std::to_string(i)),
+                        flatten(detail::concat<string_t>(reference_string, '/', std::to_string(i)),
                                 value.m_data.m_value.array->operator[](i), result);
                     }
                 }
@@ -14574,7 +15713,7 @@ class json_pointer
                     // iterate object and use keys as reference string
                     for (const auto& element : *value.m_data.m_value.object)
                     {
-                        flatten(detail::concat(reference_string, '/', detail::escape(element.first)), element.second, result);
+                        flatten(detail::concat<string_t>(reference_string, '/', detail::escape(element.first)), element.second, result);
                     }
                 }
                 break;
@@ -14590,7 +15729,7 @@ class json_pointer
             case detail::value_t::discarded:
             default:
             {
-                // add primitive value with its reference string
+                // add a primitive value with its reference string
                 result[reference_string] = value;
                 break;
             }
@@ -14626,17 +15765,17 @@ class json_pointer
                 JSON_THROW(detail::type_error::create(315, "values in object must be primitive", &element.second));
             }
 
-            // assign value to reference pointed to by JSON pointer; Note that if
-            // the JSON pointer is "" (i.e., points to the whole value), function
-            // get_and_create returns a reference to result itself. An assignment
-            // will then create a primitive value.
+            // Assign the value to the reference pointed to by JSON pointer. Note
+            // that if the JSON pointer is "" (i.e., points to the whole value),
+            // function get_and_create returns a reference to the result itself.
+            // An assignment will then create a primitive value.
             json_pointer(element.first).get_and_create(result) = element.second;
         }
 
         return result;
     }
 
-    // can't use conversion operator because of ambiguity
+    // can't use the conversion operator because of ambiguity
     json_pointer<string_t> convert() const&
     {
         json_pointer<string_t> result;
@@ -14731,7 +15870,7 @@ class json_pointer
 };
 
 #if !JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
-// functions cannot be defined inside class due to ODR violations
+// functions cannot be defined inside the class due to ODR violations
 template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
 inline bool operator==(const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
                        const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept
@@ -14795,10 +15934,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/json_ref.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -14880,6 +16019,8 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
 
+// #include <nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp>
+
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
@@ -14887,10 +16028,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/output/binary_writer.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -14913,10 +16054,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/output/output_adapters.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -15067,6 +16208,13 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 namespace detail
 {
 
+/// how to encode BJData
+enum class bjdata_version_t
+{
+    draft2,
+    draft3,
+};
+
 ///////////////////
 // binary writer //
 ///////////////////
@@ -15651,7 +16799,7 @@ class binary_writer
             case value_t::binary:
             {
                 // step 0: determine if the binary type has a set subtype to
-                // determine whether or not to use the ext or fixext types
+                // determine whether to use the ext or fixext types
                 const bool use_ext = j.m_data.m_value.binary->has_subtype();
 
                 // step 1: write control byte and the byte string length
@@ -15774,11 +16922,14 @@ class binary_writer
     @param[in] use_type    whether to use '$' prefixes (optimized format)
     @param[in] add_prefix  whether prefixes need to be used for this value
     @param[in] use_bjdata  whether write in BJData format, default is false
+    @param[in] bjdata_version  which BJData version to use, default is draft2
     */
     void write_ubjson(const BasicJsonType& j, const bool use_count,
                       const bool use_type, const bool add_prefix = true,
-                      const bool use_bjdata = false)
+                      const bool use_bjdata = false, const bjdata_version_t bjdata_version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
     {
+        const bool bjdata_draft3 = use_bjdata && bjdata_version == bjdata_version_t::draft3;
+
         switch (j.type())
         {
             case value_t::null:
@@ -15868,7 +17019,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
                 for (const auto& el : *j.m_data.m_value.array)
                 {
-                    write_ubjson(el, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata);
+                    write_ubjson(el, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata, bjdata_version);
                 }
 
                 if (!use_count)
@@ -15886,11 +17037,11 @@ class binary_writer
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type('['));
                 }
 
-                if (use_type && !j.m_data.m_value.binary->empty())
+                if (use_type && (bjdata_draft3 || !j.m_data.m_value.binary->empty()))
                 {
                     JSON_ASSERT(use_count);
                     oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
-                    oa->write_character('U');
+                    oa->write_character(bjdata_draft3 ? 'B' : 'U');
                 }
 
                 if (use_count)
@@ -15909,7 +17060,7 @@ class binary_writer
                 {
                     for (size_t i = 0; i < j.m_data.m_value.binary->size(); ++i)
                     {
-                        oa->write_character(to_char_type('U'));
+                        oa->write_character(to_char_type(bjdata_draft3 ? 'B' : 'U'));
                         oa->write_character(j.m_data.m_value.binary->data()[i]);
                     }
                 }
@@ -15926,7 +17077,7 @@ class binary_writer
             {
                 if (use_bjdata && j.m_data.m_value.object->size() == 3 && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArrayType_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end() && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArraySize_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end() && j.m_data.m_value.object->find("_ArrayData_") != j.m_data.m_value.object->end())
                 {
-                    if (!write_bjdata_ndarray(*j.m_data.m_value.object, use_count, use_type))  // decode bjdata ndarray in the JData format (https://github.com/NeuroJSON/jdata)
+                    if (!write_bjdata_ndarray(*j.m_data.m_value.object, use_count, use_type, bjdata_version))  // decode bjdata ndarray in the JData format (https://github.com/NeuroJSON/jdata)
                     {
                         break;
                     }
@@ -15970,7 +17121,7 @@ class binary_writer
                     oa->write_characters(
                         reinterpret_cast<const CharType*>(el.first.c_str()),
                         el.first.size());
-                    write_ubjson(el.second, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata);
+                    write_ubjson(el.second, use_count, use_type, prefix_required, use_bjdata, bjdata_version);
                 }
 
                 if (!use_count)
@@ -16002,9 +17153,9 @@ class binary_writer
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(it != BasicJsonType::string_t::npos))
         {
             JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(409, concat("BSON key cannot contain code point U+0000 (at byte ", std::to_string(it), ")"), &j));
-            static_cast<void>(j);
         }
 
+        static_cast<void>(j);
         return /*id*/ 1ul + name.size() + /*zero-terminator*/1u;
     }
 
@@ -16126,7 +17277,8 @@ class binary_writer
         }
         else
         {
-            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(407, concat("integer number ", std::to_string(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), " cannot be represented by BSON as it does not fit int64"), &j));
+            write_bson_entry_header(name, 0x11 /* uint64 */);
+            write_number<std::uint64_t>(static_cast<std::uint64_t>(j.m_data.m_value.number_unsigned), true);
         }
     }
 
@@ -16580,7 +17732,7 @@ class binary_writer
                 {
                     return 'L';
                 }
-                // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+                // anything else is treated as a high-precision number
                 return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
 
@@ -16618,7 +17770,7 @@ class binary_writer
                 {
                     return 'M';
                 }
-                // anything else is treated as high-precision number
+                // anything else is treated as a high-precision number
                 return 'H'; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             }
 
@@ -16654,10 +17806,11 @@ class binary_writer
     /*!
     @return false if the object is successfully converted to a bjdata ndarray, true if the type or size is invalid
     */
-    bool write_bjdata_ndarray(const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value, const bool use_count, const bool use_type)
+    bool write_bjdata_ndarray(const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& value, const bool use_count, const bool use_type, const bjdata_version_t bjdata_version)
     {
         std::map<string_t, CharType> bjdtype = {{"uint8", 'U'},  {"int8", 'i'},  {"uint16", 'u'}, {"int16", 'I'},
-            {"uint32", 'm'}, {"int32", 'l'}, {"uint64", 'M'}, {"int64", 'L'}, {"single", 'd'}, {"double", 'D'}, {"char", 'C'}
+            {"uint32", 'm'}, {"int32", 'l'}, {"uint64", 'M'}, {"int64", 'L'}, {"single", 'd'}, {"double", 'D'},
+            {"char", 'C'}, {"byte", 'B'}
         };
 
         string_t key = "_ArrayType_";
@@ -16687,10 +17840,10 @@ class binary_writer
         oa->write_character('#');
 
         key = "_ArraySize_";
-        write_ubjson(value.at(key), use_count, use_type, true,  true);
+        write_ubjson(value.at(key), use_count, use_type, true,  true, bjdata_version);
 
         key = "_ArrayData_";
-        if (dtype == 'U' || dtype == 'C')
+        if (dtype == 'U' || dtype == 'C' || dtype == 'B')
         {
             for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
             {
@@ -16783,11 +17936,11 @@ class binary_writer
     template<typename NumberType>
     void write_number(const NumberType n, const bool OutputIsLittleEndian = false)
     {
-        // step 1: write number to array of length NumberType
+        // step 1: write the number to an array of length NumberType
         std::array<CharType, sizeof(NumberType)> vec{};
         std::memcpy(vec.data(), &n, sizeof(NumberType));
 
-        // step 2: write array to output (with possible reordering)
+        // step 2: write the array to output (with possible reordering)
         if (is_little_endian != OutputIsLittleEndian)
         {
             // reverse byte order prior to conversion if necessary
@@ -16803,9 +17956,9 @@ class binary_writer
 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
 #endif
-        if (static_cast<double>(n) >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
-                static_cast<double>(n) <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()) &&
-                static_cast<double>(static_cast<float>(n)) == static_cast<double>(n))
+        if (!std::isfinite(n) || ((static_cast<double>(n) >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
+                                   static_cast<double>(n) <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()) &&
+                                   static_cast<double>(static_cast<float>(n)) == static_cast<double>(n))))
         {
             oa->write_character(format == detail::input_format_t::cbor
                                 ? get_cbor_float_prefix(static_cast<float>(n))
@@ -16840,8 +17993,21 @@ class binary_writer
                enable_if_t < std::is_signed<C>::value && std::is_unsigned<char>::value > * = nullptr >
     static CharType to_char_type(std::uint8_t x) noexcept
     {
-        static_assert(sizeof(std::uint8_t) == sizeof(CharType), "size of CharType must be equal to std::uint8_t");
+        // The std::is_trivial trait is deprecated in C++26. The replacement is to use
+        // std::is_trivially_copyable and std::is_trivially_default_constructible.
+        // However, some older library implementations support std::is_trivial
+        // but not all the std::is_trivially_* traits.
+        // Since detecting full support across all libraries is difficult,
+        // we use std::is_trivial unless we are using a standard where it has been deprecated.
+        // For more details, see: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/4775#issuecomment-2884361627
+#ifdef JSON_HAS_CPP_26
+        static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<CharType>::value, "CharType must be trivially copyable");
+        static_assert(std::is_trivially_default_constructible<CharType>::value, "CharType must be trivially default constructible");
+#else
         static_assert(std::is_trivial<CharType>::value, "CharType must be trivial");
+#endif
+
+        static_assert(sizeof(std::uint8_t) == sizeof(CharType), "size of CharType must be equal to std::uint8_t");
         CharType result;
         std::memcpy(&result, &x, sizeof(x));
         return result;
@@ -16881,11 +18047,11 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/output/serializer.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2008-2009 Björn Hoehrmann <bjoern@hoehrmann.de>
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2008, 2009 Björn Hoehrmann <bjoern@hoehrmann.de>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -16906,11 +18072,11 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_chars.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2009 Florian Loitsch <https://florian.loitsch.com/>
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -17037,7 +18203,7 @@ struct diyfp // f * 2^e
         // p_lo = p0_lo + (Q << 32)
         //
         // But in this particular case here, the full p_lo is not required.
-        // Effectively we only need to add the highest bit in p_lo to p_hi (and
+        // Effectively, we only need to add the highest bit in p_lo to p_hi (and
         // Q_hi + 1 does not overflow).
 
         Q += std::uint64_t{1} << (64u - 32u - 1u); // round, ties up
@@ -17127,7 +18293,7 @@ boundaries compute_boundaries(FloatType value)
     // Compute the boundaries m- and m+ of the floating-point value
     // v = f * 2^e.
     //
-    // Determine v- and v+, the floating-point predecessor and successor if v,
+    // Determine v- and v+, the floating-point predecessor and successor of v,
     // respectively.
     //
     //      v- = v - 2^e        if f != 2^(p-1) or e == e_min                (A)
@@ -17146,10 +18312,10 @@ boundaries compute_boundaries(FloatType value)
     //                       v-     m-     v             m+            v+
 
     const bool lower_boundary_is_closer = F == 0 && E > 1;
-    const diyfp m_plus = diyfp(2 * v.f + 1, v.e - 1);
+    const diyfp m_plus = diyfp((2 * v.f) + 1, v.e - 1);
     const diyfp m_minus = lower_boundary_is_closer
-                          ? diyfp(4 * v.f - 1, v.e - 2)  // (B)
-                          : diyfp(2 * v.f - 1, v.e - 1); // (A)
+                          ? diyfp((4 * v.f) - 1, v.e - 2)  // (B)
+                          : diyfp((2 * v.f) - 1, v.e - 1); // (A)
 
     // Determine the normalized w+ = m+.
     const diyfp w_plus = diyfp::normalize(m_plus);
@@ -17282,7 +18448,7 @@ inline cached_power get_cached_power_for_binary_exponent(int e)
     // (A smaller distance gamma-alpha would require a larger table.)
 
     // NB:
-    // Actually this function returns c, such that -60 <= e_c + e + 64 <= -34.
+    // Actually, this function returns c, such that -60 <= e_c + e + 64 <= -34.
 
     constexpr int kCachedPowersMinDecExp = -300;
     constexpr int kCachedPowersDecStep = 8;
@@ -17379,7 +18545,7 @@ inline cached_power get_cached_power_for_binary_exponent(int e)
     JSON_ASSERT(e >= -1500);
     JSON_ASSERT(e <=  1500);
     const int f = kAlpha - e - 1;
-    const int k = (f * 78913) / (1 << 18) + static_cast<int>(f > 0);
+    const int k = ((f * 78913) / (1 << 18)) + static_cast<int>(f > 0);
 
     const int index = (-kCachedPowersMinDecExp + k + (kCachedPowersDecStep - 1)) / kCachedPowersDecStep;
     JSON_ASSERT(index >= 0);
@@ -17594,8 +18760,8 @@ inline void grisu2_digit_gen(char* buffer, int& length, int& decimal_exponent,
 
             decimal_exponent += n;
 
-            // We may now just stop. But instead look if the buffer could be
-            // decremented to bring V closer to w.
+            // We may now just stop. But instead, it looks as if the buffer
+            // could be decremented to bring V closer to w.
             //
             // pow10 = 10^n is now 1 ulp in the decimal representation V.
             // The rounding procedure works with diyfp's with an implicit
@@ -17857,15 +19023,15 @@ inline char* append_exponent(char* buf, int e)
     }
     else if (k < 100)
     {
-        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k / 10);
+        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 10));
         k %= 10;
         *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k);
     }
     else
     {
-        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k / 100);
+        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 100));
         k %= 100;
-        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k / 10);
+        *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + (k / 10));
         k %= 10;
         *buf++ = static_cast<char>('0' + k);
     }
@@ -18002,7 +19168,7 @@ char* to_chars(char* first, const char* last, FloatType value)
     // Compute v = buffer * 10^decimal_exponent.
     // The decimal digits are stored in the buffer, which needs to be interpreted
     // as an unsigned decimal integer.
-    // len is the length of the buffer, i.e. the number of decimal digits.
+    // len is the length of the buffer, i.e., the number of decimal digits.
     int len = 0;
     int decimal_exponent = 0;
     dtoa_impl::grisu2(first, len, decimal_exponent, value);
@@ -18083,7 +19249,7 @@ class serializer
         , error_handler(error_handler_)
     {}
 
-    // delete because of pointer members
+    // deleted because of pointer members
     serializer(const serializer&) = delete;
     serializer& operator=(const serializer&) = delete;
     serializer(serializer&&) = delete;
@@ -18581,7 +19747,7 @@ class serializer
                     break;
                 }
 
-                default:  // decode found yet incomplete multi-byte code point
+                default:  // decode found yet incomplete multibyte code point
                 {
                     if (!ensure_ascii)
                     {
@@ -18651,7 +19817,7 @@ class serializer
     @param[in] x  unsigned integer number to count its digits
     @return    number of decimal digits
     */
-    inline unsigned int count_digits(number_unsigned_t x) noexcept
+    unsigned int count_digits(number_unsigned_t x) noexcept
     {
         unsigned int n_digits = 1;
         for (;;)
@@ -18770,7 +19936,7 @@ class serializer
 
         // jump to the end to generate the string from backward,
         // so we later avoid reversing the result
-        buffer_ptr += n_chars;
+        buffer_ptr += static_cast<typename decltype(number_buffer)::difference_type>(n_chars);
 
         // Fast int2ascii implementation inspired by "Fastware" talk by Andrei Alexandrescu
         // See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4-CwDo2zpg
@@ -18833,21 +19999,34 @@ class serializer
         o->write_characters(begin, static_cast<size_t>(end - begin));
     }
 
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+    static int snprintf_float(char* buf, std::size_t size, int d, double x)
+    {
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+        return (std::snprintf)(buf, size, "%.*g", d, x);
+    }
+
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+    static int snprintf_float(char* buf, std::size_t size, int d, long double x)
+    {
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
+        return (std::snprintf)(buf, size, "%.*Lg", d, x);
+    }
+
     void dump_float(number_float_t x, std::false_type /*is_ieee_single_or_double*/)
     {
-        // get number of digits for a float -> text -> float round-trip
+        // get the number of digits for a float -> text -> float round-trip
         static constexpr auto d = std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::max_digits10;
 
         // the actual conversion
-        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,hicpp-vararg)
-        std::ptrdiff_t len = (std::snprintf)(number_buffer.data(), number_buffer.size(), "%.*g", d, x);
+        std::ptrdiff_t len = snprintf_float(number_buffer.data(), number_buffer.size(), d, x);
 
         // negative value indicates an error
         JSON_ASSERT(len > 0);
-        // check if buffer was large enough
+        // check if the buffer was large enough
         JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(len) < number_buffer.size());
 
-        // erase thousands separator
+        // erase thousands separators
         if (thousands_sep != '\0')
         {
             // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-qualified-auto,llvm-qualified-auto): std::remove returns an iterator, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/3081
@@ -18927,14 +20106,14 @@ class serializer
             }
         };
 
-        JSON_ASSERT(byte < utf8d.size());
+        JSON_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(byte) < utf8d.size());
         const std::uint8_t type = utf8d[byte];
 
         codep = (state != UTF8_ACCEPT)
                 ? (byte & 0x3fu) | (codep << 6u)
                 : (0xFFu >> type) & (byte);
 
-        const std::size_t index = 256u + static_cast<size_t>(state) * 16u + static_cast<size_t>(type);
+        const std::size_t index = 256u + (static_cast<size_t>(state) * 16u) + static_cast<size_t>(type);
         JSON_ASSERT(index < utf8d.size());
         state = utf8d[index];
         return state;
@@ -18955,12 +20134,12 @@ class serializer
      * Helper function for dump_integer
      *
      * This function takes a negative signed integer and returns its absolute
-     * value as unsigned integer. The plus/minus shuffling is necessary as we can
-     * not directly remove the sign of an arbitrary signed integer as the
+     * value as an unsigned integer. The plus/minus shuffling is necessary as we
+     * cannot directly remove the sign of an arbitrary signed integer as the
      * absolute values of INT_MIN and INT_MAX are usually not the same. See
      * #1708 for details.
      */
-    inline number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_integer_t x) noexcept
+    number_unsigned_t remove_sign(number_integer_t x) noexcept
     {
         JSON_ASSERT(x < 0 && x < (std::numeric_limits<number_integer_t>::max)()); // NOLINT(misc-redundant-expression)
         return static_cast<number_unsigned_t>(-(x + 1)) + 1;
@@ -19002,10 +20181,10 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
 // #include <nlohmann/ordered_map.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -19030,7 +20209,7 @@ NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
 /// for use within nlohmann::basic_json<ordered_map>
 template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
           class Allocator = std::allocator<std::pair<const Key, T>>>
-                  struct ordered_map : std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>
+              struct ordered_map : std::vector<std::pair<const Key, T>, Allocator>
 {
     using key_type = Key;
     using mapped_type = T;
@@ -19054,6 +20233,25 @@ template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
         : Container{first, last, alloc} {}
     ordered_map(std::initializer_list<value_type> init, const Allocator& alloc = Allocator() )
         : Container{init, alloc} {}
+    ordered_map(const ordered_map&) = default;
+    ordered_map(ordered_map&&) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<Container>::value) = default;
+    ~ordered_map() = default;
+
+    ordered_map& operator=(const ordered_map& other)
+    {
+        if (this != &other)
+        {
+            ordered_map tmp(other);
+            Container::operator=(std::move(static_cast<Container&>(tmp)));
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    ordered_map& operator=(ordered_map&& other) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<Container>::value)
+    {
+        Container::operator=(std::move(static_cast<Container&>(other)));
+        return *this;
+    }
 
     std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(const key_type& key, T&& t)
     {
@@ -19230,7 +20428,7 @@ template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
 
         // Since we cannot move const Keys, we re-construct them in place.
         // We start at first and re-construct (viz. copy) the elements from
-        // the back of the vector. Example for first iteration:
+        // the back of the vector. Example for the first iteration:
 
         //               ,--------.
         //               v        |   destroy e and re-construct with h
@@ -19325,6 +20523,20 @@ template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
         return Container::end();
     }
 
+    template<class KeyType, detail::enable_if_t<
+                 detail::is_usable_as_key_type<key_compare, key_type, KeyType>::value, int> = 0>
+    const_iterator find(KeyType && key) const // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-missing-std-forward)
+    {
+        for (auto it = this->begin(); it != this->end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (m_compare(it->first, key))
+            {
+                return it;
+            }
+        }
+        return Container::end();
+    }
+
     std::pair<iterator, bool> insert( value_type&& value )
     {
         return emplace(value.first, std::move(value.second));
@@ -19345,7 +20557,7 @@ template <class Key, class T, class IgnoredLess = std::less<Key>,
 
     template<typename InputIt>
     using require_input_iter = typename std::enable_if<std::is_convertible<typename std::iterator_traits<InputIt>::iterator_category,
-            std::input_iterator_tag>::value>::type;
+        std::input_iterator_tag>::value>::type;
 
     template<typename InputIt, typename = require_input_iter<InputIt>>
     void insert(InputIt first, InputIt last)
@@ -19416,9 +20628,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_writer;
     template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputType, typename SAX>
     friend class ::nlohmann::detail::binary_reader;
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
     friend class ::nlohmann::detail::json_sax_dom_parser;
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
     friend class ::nlohmann::detail::json_sax_dom_callback_parser;
     friend class ::nlohmann::detail::exception;
 
@@ -19435,11 +20647,12 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         InputAdapterType adapter,
         detail::parser_callback_t<basic_json>cb = nullptr,
         const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-        const bool ignore_comments = false
+        const bool ignore_comments = false,
+        const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false
                                  )
     {
         return ::nlohmann::detail::parser<basic_json, InputAdapterType>(std::move(adapter),
-                std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments);
+            std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas);
     }
 
   private:
@@ -19472,6 +20685,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     using error_handler_t = detail::error_handler_t;
     /// how to treat CBOR tags
     using cbor_tag_handler_t = detail::cbor_tag_handler_t;
+    /// how to encode BJData
+    using bjdata_version_t = detail::bjdata_version_t;
     /// helper type for initializer lists of basic_json values
     using initializer_list_t = std::initializer_list<detail::json_ref<basic_json>>;
 
@@ -19551,7 +20766,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     {
         basic_json result;
 
-        result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann";
+        result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann";
         result["name"] = "JSON for Modern C++";
         result["url"] = "https://github.com/nlohmann/json";
         result["version"]["string"] =
@@ -19816,7 +21031,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                     object = nullptr;  // silence warning, see #821
                     if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(t == value_t::null))
                     {
-                        JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.11.3", nullptr)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                        JSON_THROW(other_error::create(500, "961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 3.12.0", nullptr)); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -19862,7 +21077,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 (t == value_t::binary && binary == nullptr)
             )
             {
-                //not initialized (e.g. due to exception in the ctor)
+                // not initialized (e.g., due to exception in the ctor)
                 return;
             }
             if (t == value_t::array || t == value_t::object)
@@ -19887,7 +21102,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
                 while (!stack.empty())
                 {
-                    // move the last item to local variable to be processed
+                    // move the last item to a local variable to be processed
                     basic_json current_item(std::move(stack.back()));
                     stack.pop_back();
 
@@ -19909,7 +21124,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                         current_item.m_data.m_value.object->clear();
                     }
 
-                    // it's now safe that current_item get destructed
+                    // it's now safe that current_item gets destructed
                     // since it doesn't have any children
                 }
             }
@@ -20039,10 +21254,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 #endif
     }
 
-    iterator set_parents(iterator it, typename iterator::difference_type count_set_parents)
+    iterator set_parents(iterator it, std::ptrdiff_t count_set_parents)
     {
 #if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
-        for (typename iterator::difference_type i = 0; i < count_set_parents; ++i)
+        for (std::ptrdiff_t i = 0; i < count_set_parents; ++i)
         {
             (it + i)->m_parent = this;
         }
@@ -20052,10 +21267,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         return it;
     }
 
-    reference set_parent(reference j, std::size_t old_capacity = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+    reference set_parent(reference j, std::size_t old_capacity = detail::unknown_size())
     {
 #if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
-        if (old_capacity != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+        if (old_capacity != detail::unknown_size())
         {
             // see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2838
             JSON_ASSERT(type() == value_t::array);
@@ -20135,8 +21350,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                detail::enable_if_t <
                    !detail::is_basic_json<U>::value && detail::is_compatible_type<basic_json_t, U>::value, int > = 0 >
     basic_json(CompatibleType && val) noexcept(noexcept( // NOLINT(bugprone-forwarding-reference-overload,bugprone-exception-escape)
-                JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(std::declval<basic_json_t&>(),
-                                           std::forward<CompatibleType>(val))))
+            JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(std::declval<basic_json_t&>(),
+                                       std::forward<CompatibleType>(val))))
     {
         JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(*this, std::forward<CompatibleType>(val));
         set_parents();
@@ -20149,6 +21364,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                detail::enable_if_t <
                    detail::is_basic_json<BasicJsonType>::value&& !std::is_same<basic_json, BasicJsonType>::value, int > = 0 >
     basic_json(const BasicJsonType& val)
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        : start_position(val.start_pos()),
+          end_position(val.end_pos())
+#endif
     {
         using other_boolean_t = typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t;
         using other_number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
@@ -20195,6 +21414,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
         JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_type == val.type());
+
         set_parents();
         assert_invariant();
     }
@@ -20212,20 +21432,20 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         {
             // The cast is to ensure op[size_type] is called, bearing in mind size_type may not be int;
             // (many string types can be constructed from 0 via its null-pointer guise, so we get a
-            // broken call to op[key_type], the wrong semantics and a 4804 warning on Windows)
+            // broken call to op[key_type], the wrong semantics, and a 4804 warning on Windows)
             return element_ref->is_array() && element_ref->size() == 2 && (*element_ref)[static_cast<size_type>(0)].is_string();
         });
 
         // adjust type if type deduction is not wanted
         if (!type_deduction)
         {
-            // if array is wanted, do not create an object though possible
+            // if an array is wanted, do not create an object though possible
             if (manual_type == value_t::array)
             {
                 is_an_object = false;
             }
 
-            // if object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception
+            // if an object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception
             if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(manual_type == value_t::object && !is_an_object))
             {
                 JSON_THROW(type_error::create(301, "cannot create object from initializer list", nullptr));
@@ -20234,7 +21454,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
         if (is_an_object)
         {
-            // the initializer list is a list of pairs -> create object
+            // the initializer list is a list of pairs -> create an object
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
             m_data.m_value = value_t::object;
 
@@ -20248,7 +21468,16 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         }
         else
         {
-            // the initializer list describes an array -> create array
+#if JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS
+            if (type_deduction && init.size() == 1)
+            {
+                *this = init.begin()->moved_or_copied();
+                set_parents();
+                assert_invariant();
+                return;
+            }
+#endif
+            // the initializer list describes an array -> create an array
             m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
             m_data.m_value.array = create<array_t>(init.begin(), init.end());
         }
@@ -20331,21 +21560,21 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     template < class InputIT, typename std::enable_if <
                    std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
                    std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int >::type = 0 >
-    basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)
+    basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         JSON_ASSERT(first.m_object != nullptr);
         JSON_ASSERT(last.m_object != nullptr);
 
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
+        // make sure the iterator fits the current value
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(first.m_object != last.m_object))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(201, "iterators are not compatible", nullptr));
         }
 
-        // copy type from first iterator
+        // copy type from the first iterator
         m_data.m_type = first.m_object->m_data.m_type;
 
-        // check if iterator range is complete for primitive values
+        // check if the iterator range is complete for primitive values
         switch (m_data.m_type)
         {
             case value_t::boolean:
@@ -20446,6 +21675,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
     basic_json(const basic_json& other)
         : json_base_class_t(other)
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        , start_position(other.start_position)
+        , end_position(other.end_position)
+#endif
     {
         m_data.m_type = other.m_data.m_type;
         // check of passed value is valid
@@ -20515,22 +21748,31 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/basic_json/
     basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept
         : json_base_class_t(std::forward<json_base_class_t>(other)),
-          m_data(std::move(other.m_data))
+          m_data(std::move(other.m_data)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        , start_position(other.start_position) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+        , end_position(other.end_position) // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded] TODO check
+#endif
     {
-        // check that passed value is valid
-        other.assert_invariant(false);
+        // check that the passed value is valid
+        other.assert_invariant(false); // cppcheck-suppress[accessForwarded]
 
         // invalidate payload
         other.m_data.m_type = value_t::null;
         other.m_data.m_value = {};
 
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        other.start_position = std::string::npos;
+        other.end_position = std::string::npos;
+#endif
+
         set_parents();
         assert_invariant();
     }
 
     /// @brief copy assignment
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator=/
-    basic_json& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept (
+    basic_json& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept ( // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-c-copy-assignment-signature,misc-unconventional-assign-operator)
         std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value&&
         std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value&&
         std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value&&
@@ -20538,12 +21780,18 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_base_class_t>::value
     )
     {
-        // check that passed value is valid
+        // check that the passed value is valid
         other.assert_invariant();
 
         using std::swap;
         swap(m_data.m_type, other.m_data.m_type);
         swap(m_data.m_value, other.m_data.m_value);
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+        swap(start_position, other.start_position);
+        swap(end_position, other.end_position);
+#endif
+
         json_base_class_t::operator=(std::move(other));
 
         set_parents();
@@ -20765,13 +22013,13 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
     number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(number_integer_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
     {
-        return is_number_integer() ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
+        return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_integer ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
     }
 
     /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
     constexpr const number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_integer_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
     {
-        return is_number_integer() ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
+        return m_data.m_type == value_t::number_integer ? &m_data.m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
     }
 
     /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number)
@@ -20906,7 +22154,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                    detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
                    int > = 0 >
     ValueType get_impl(detail::priority_tag<0> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(
-                JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), std::declval<ValueType&>())))
+            JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), std::declval<ValueType&>())))
     {
         auto ret = ValueType();
         JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, ret);
@@ -20948,7 +22196,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                    detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
                    int > = 0 >
     ValueType get_impl(detail::priority_tag<1> /*unused*/) const noexcept(noexcept(
-                JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>())))
+            JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>())))
     {
         return JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this);
     }
@@ -21098,7 +22346,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                    detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
                    int > = 0 >
     ValueType & get_to(ValueType& v) const noexcept(noexcept(
-                JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), v)))
+            JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), v)))
     {
         JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, v);
         return v;
@@ -21248,9 +22496,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             }
             JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
             {
-                // create better exception explanation
+                // create a better exception explanation
                 JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), this));
-            }
+            } // cppcheck-suppress[missingReturn]
         }
         else
         {
@@ -21271,9 +22519,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             }
             JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
             {
-                // create better exception explanation
+                // create a better exception explanation
                 JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(401, detail::concat("array index ", std::to_string(idx), " is out of range"), this));
-            }
+            } // cppcheck-suppress[missingReturn]
         }
         else
         {
@@ -21361,7 +22609,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
     reference operator[](size_type idx)
     {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty array
+        // implicitly convert a null value to an empty array
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
@@ -21372,7 +22620,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // operator[] only works for arrays
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
         {
-            // fill up array with null values if given idx is outside range
+            // fill up the array with null values if given idx is outside the range
             if (idx >= m_data.m_value.array->size())
             {
 #if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
@@ -21418,9 +22666,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief access specified object element
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/
-    reference operator[](typename object_t::key_type key)
+    reference operator[](typename object_t::key_type key) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+        // implicitly convert a null value to an empty object
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
@@ -21473,7 +22721,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                  detail::is_usable_as_basic_json_key_type<basic_json_t, KeyType>::value, int > = 0 >
     reference operator[](KeyType && key)
     {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+        // implicitly convert a null value to an empty object
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
@@ -21530,7 +22778,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+            // If 'key' is found, return its value. Otherwise, return `default_value'.
             const auto it = find(key);
             if (it != end())
             {
@@ -21555,7 +22803,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+            // If 'key' is found, return its value. Otherwise, return `default_value'.
             const auto it = find(key);
             if (it != end())
             {
@@ -21581,7 +22829,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+            // If 'key' is found, return its value. Otherwise, return `default_value'.
             const auto it = find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
             if (it != end())
             {
@@ -21608,7 +22856,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
+            // If 'key' is found, return its value. Otherwise, return `default_value'.
             const auto it = find(std::forward<KeyType>(key));
             if (it != end())
             {
@@ -21631,7 +22879,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
+            // If the pointer resolves to a value, return it. Otherwise, return
+            // 'default_value'.
             JSON_TRY
             {
                 return ptr.get_checked(this).template get<ValueType>();
@@ -21656,7 +22905,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // value only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_object()))
         {
-            // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
+            // If the pointer resolves to a value, return it. Otherwise, return
+            // 'default_value'.
             JSON_TRY
             {
                 return ptr.get_checked(this).template get<ReturnType>();
@@ -21728,9 +22978,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     template < class IteratorType, detail::enable_if_t <
                    std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
                    std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int > = 0 >
-    IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos)
+    IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
+        // make sure the iterator fits the current value
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != pos.m_object))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(202, "iterator does not fit current value", this));
@@ -21798,9 +23048,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     template < class IteratorType, detail::enable_if_t <
                    std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value ||
                    std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int > = 0 >
-    IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+    IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
+        // make sure the iterator fits the current value
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(this != first.m_object || this != last.m_object))
         {
             JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(203, "iterators do not fit current value", this));
@@ -22395,7 +23645,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
         }
 
-        // transform null object into an array
+        // transform a null object into an array
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
@@ -22403,7 +23653,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        // add element to array (move semantics)
+        // add the element to the array (move semantics)
         const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
         m_data.m_value.array->push_back(std::move(val));
         set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
@@ -22428,7 +23678,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
         }
 
-        // transform null object into an array
+        // transform a null object into an array
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
@@ -22436,7 +23686,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        // add element to array
+        // add the element to the array
         const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
         m_data.m_value.array->push_back(val);
         set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
@@ -22460,7 +23710,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(308, detail::concat("cannot use push_back() with ", type_name()), this));
         }
 
-        // transform null object into an object
+        // transform a null object into an object
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
@@ -22468,7 +23718,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        // add element to object
+        // add the element to the object
         auto res = m_data.m_value.object->insert(val);
         set_parent(res.first->second);
     }
@@ -22516,7 +23766,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, detail::concat("cannot use emplace_back() with ", type_name()), this));
         }
 
-        // transform null object into an array
+        // transform a null object into an array
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
@@ -22524,7 +23774,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
+        // add the element to the array (perfect forwarding)
         const auto old_capacity = m_data.m_value.array->capacity();
         m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
         return set_parent(m_data.m_value.array->back(), old_capacity);
@@ -22541,7 +23791,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             JSON_THROW(type_error::create(311, detail::concat("cannot use emplace() with ", type_name()), this));
         }
 
-        // transform null object into an object
+        // transform a null object into an object
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
@@ -22549,11 +23799,11 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             assert_invariant();
         }
 
-        // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
+        // add the element to the array (perfect forwarding)
         auto res = m_data.m_value.object->emplace(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
         set_parent(res.first->second);
 
-        // create result iterator and set iterator to the result of emplace
+        // create a result iterator and set iterator to the result of emplace
         auto it = begin();
         it.m_it.object_iterator = res.first;
 
@@ -22565,7 +23815,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @note: This uses std::distance to support GCC 4.8,
     ///        see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1257
     template<typename... Args>
-    iterator insert_iterator(const_iterator pos, Args&& ... args)
+    iterator insert_iterator(const_iterator pos, Args&& ... args) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         iterator result(this);
         JSON_ASSERT(m_data.m_value.array != nullptr);
@@ -22584,7 +23834,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief inserts element into array
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const basic_json& val)
+    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const basic_json& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
@@ -22604,14 +23854,14 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief inserts element into array
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, basic_json&& val)
+    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, basic_json&& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         return insert(pos, val);
     }
 
     /// @brief inserts copies of element into array
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type cnt, const basic_json& val)
+    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type cnt, const basic_json& val) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(is_array()))
@@ -22631,7 +23881,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief inserts range of elements into array
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
+    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
@@ -22662,7 +23912,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief inserts elements from initializer list into array
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, initializer_list_t ilist)
+    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, initializer_list_t ilist) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         // insert only works for arrays
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_array()))
@@ -22682,7 +23932,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief inserts range of elements into object
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/
-    void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
+    void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
         // insert only works for objects
         if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!is_object()))
@@ -22703,6 +23953,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         }
 
         m_data.m_value.object->insert(first.m_it.object_iterator, last.m_it.object_iterator);
+        set_parents();
     }
 
     /// @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys
@@ -22714,9 +23965,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
     /// @brief updates a JSON object from another object, overwriting existing keys
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/update/
-    void update(const_iterator first, const_iterator last, bool merge_objects = false)
+    void update(const_iterator first, const_iterator last, bool merge_objects = false) // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
     {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
+        // implicitly convert a null value to an empty object
         if (is_null())
         {
             m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
@@ -22749,6 +24000,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 if (it2 != m_data.m_value.object->end())
                 {
                     it2->second.update(it.value(), true);
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+                    it2->second.set_parents();
+#endif
                     continue;
                 }
             }
@@ -23276,7 +24530,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_ltlt/
     friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const basic_json& j)
     {
-        // read width member and use it as indentation parameter if nonzero
+        // read width member and use it as the indentation parameter if nonzero
         const bool pretty_print = o.width() > 0;
         const auto indentation = pretty_print ? o.width() : 0;
 
@@ -23315,12 +24569,13 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     template<typename InputType>
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json parse(InputType&& i,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+                            parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
                             const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                            const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
+        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved,accessForwarded]
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -23330,24 +24585,26 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json parse(IteratorType first,
                             IteratorType last,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+                            parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
                             const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                            const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
+        parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return result;
     }
 
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, parse(ptr, ptr + len))
     static basic_json parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
+                            parser_callback_t cb = nullptr,
                             const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-                            const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                            const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                            const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        parser(i.get(), cb, allow_exceptions, ignore_comments).parse(true, result);
+        parser(i.get(), std::move(cb), allow_exceptions, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).parse(true, result); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return result;
     }
 
@@ -23355,26 +24612,29 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/accept/
     template<typename InputType>
     static bool accept(InputType&& i,
-                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                       const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
-        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).accept(true);
     }
 
     /// @brief check if the input is valid JSON
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/accept/
     template<typename IteratorType>
     static bool accept(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
-                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                       const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
-        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+        return parser(detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last)), nullptr, false, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).accept(true);
     }
 
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     JSON_HEDLEY_DEPRECATED_FOR(3.8.0, accept(ptr, ptr + len))
     static bool accept(detail::span_input_adapter&& i,
-                       const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                       const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                       const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
-        return parser(i.get(), nullptr, false, ignore_comments).accept(true);
+        return parser(i.get(), nullptr, false, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).accept(true);
     }
 
     /// @brief generate SAX events
@@ -23384,11 +24644,12 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     static bool sax_parse(InputType&& i, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
                           const bool strict = true,
-                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                          const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         return format == input_format_t::json
-               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
 
@@ -23399,11 +24660,12 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     static bool sax_parse(IteratorType first, IteratorType last, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
                           const bool strict = true,
-                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                          const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         return format == input_format_t::json
-               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
 
@@ -23418,12 +24680,13 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     static bool sax_parse(detail::span_input_adapter&& i, SAX* sax,
                           input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
                           const bool strict = true,
-                          const bool ignore_comments = false)
+                          const bool ignore_comments = false,
+                          const bool ignore_trailing_commas = false)
     {
         auto ia = i.get();
         return format == input_format_t::json
                // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments).sax_parse(sax, strict)
+               ? parser(std::move(ia), nullptr, true, ignore_comments, ignore_trailing_commas).sax_parse(sax, strict)
                // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
                : detail::binary_reader<basic_json, decltype(ia), SAX>(std::move(ia), format).sax_parse(format, sax, strict);
     }
@@ -23478,8 +24741,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             case value_t::number_integer:
             case value_t::number_unsigned:
             case value_t::number_float:
-            default:
                 return "number";
+            default:
+                return "invalid";
         }
     }
 
@@ -23526,6 +24790,23 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     basic_json* m_parent = nullptr;
 #endif
 
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS
+    /// the start position of the value
+    std::size_t start_position = std::string::npos;
+    /// the end position of the value
+    std::size_t end_position = std::string::npos;
+  public:
+    constexpr std::size_t start_pos() const noexcept
+    {
+        return start_position;
+    }
+
+    constexpr std::size_t end_pos() const noexcept
+    {
+        return end_position;
+    }
+#endif
+
     //////////////////////////////////////////
     // binary serialization/deserialization //
     //////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -23611,27 +24892,30 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
     static std::vector<std::uint8_t> to_bjdata(const basic_json& j,
             const bool use_size = false,
-            const bool use_type = false)
+            const bool use_type = false,
+            const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
     {
         std::vector<std::uint8_t> result;
-        to_bjdata(j, result, use_size, use_type);
+        to_bjdata(j, result, use_size, use_type, version);
         return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a BJData serialization of a given JSON value
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
     static void to_bjdata(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<std::uint8_t> o,
-                          const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false)
+                          const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false,
+                          const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
     {
-        binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true);
+        binary_writer<std::uint8_t>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true, version);
     }
 
     /// @brief create a BJData serialization of a given JSON value
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bjdata/
     static void to_bjdata(const basic_json& j, detail::output_adapter<char> o,
-                          const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false)
+                          const bool use_size = false, const bool use_type = false,
+                          const bjdata_version_t version = bjdata_version_t::draft2)
     {
-        binary_writer<char>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true);
+        binary_writer<char>(o).write_ubjson(j, use_size, use_type, true, true, version);
     }
 
     /// @brief create a BSON serialization of a given JSON value
@@ -23667,9 +24951,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23683,9 +24967,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23708,10 +24992,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = i.get();
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23724,9 +25008,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                    const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23739,9 +25023,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                    const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23762,10 +25046,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                    const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = i.get();
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23778,9 +25062,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                   const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23793,9 +25077,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                   const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23816,10 +25100,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                   const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = i.get();
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23832,9 +25116,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                   const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23847,9 +25131,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                   const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23862,9 +25146,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23877,9 +25161,9 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict);
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
 
@@ -23900,10 +25184,10 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                                 const bool allow_exceptions = true)
     {
         basic_json result;
-        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         auto ia = i.get();
+        detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict);
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
         return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
     }
     /// @}
@@ -24004,7 +25288,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // the valid JSON Patch operations
         enum class patch_operations {add, remove, replace, move, copy, test, invalid};
 
-        const auto get_op = [](const std::string & op)
+        const auto get_op = [](const string_t& op)
         {
             if (op == "add")
             {
@@ -24035,7 +25319,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         };
 
         // wrapper for "add" operation; add value at ptr
-        const auto operation_add = [&result](json_pointer & ptr, basic_json val)
+        const auto operation_add = [&result](json_pointer & ptr, const basic_json & val)
         {
             // adding to the root of the target document means replacing it
             if (ptr.empty())
@@ -24051,7 +25335,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 result.at(top_pointer);
             }
 
-            // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
+            // get reference to the parent of the JSON pointer ptr
             const auto last_path = ptr.back();
             ptr.pop_back();
             // parent must exist when performing patch add per RFC6902 specs
@@ -24089,7 +25373,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                     break;
                 }
 
-                // if there exists a parent it cannot be primitive
+                // if there exists a parent, it cannot be primitive
                 case value_t::string: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                 case value_t::boolean: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                 case value_t::number_integer: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
@@ -24105,7 +25389,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         // wrapper for "remove" operation; remove value at ptr
         const auto operation_remove = [this, & result](json_pointer & ptr)
         {
-            // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
+            // get reference to the parent of the JSON pointer ptr
             const auto last_path = ptr.back();
             ptr.pop_back();
             basic_json& parent = result.at(ptr);
@@ -24141,24 +25425,24 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         for (const auto& val : json_patch)
         {
             // wrapper to get a value for an operation
-            const auto get_value = [&val](const std::string & op,
-                                          const std::string & member,
+            const auto get_value = [&val](const string_t& op,
+                                          const string_t& member,
                                           bool string_type) -> basic_json &
             {
                 // find value
                 auto it = val.m_data.m_value.object->find(member);
 
                 // context-sensitive error message
-                const auto error_msg = (op == "op") ? "operation" : detail::concat("operation '", op, '\'');
+                const auto error_msg = (op == "op") ? "operation" : detail::concat("operation '", op, '\''); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable)
 
-                // check if desired value is present
+                // check if the desired value is present
                 if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(it == val.m_data.m_value.object->end()))
                 {
                     // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-inefficient-string-concatenation)
                     JSON_THROW(parse_error::create(105, 0, detail::concat(error_msg, " must have member '", member, "'"), &val));
                 }
 
-                // check if result is of type string
+                // check if the result is of type string
                 if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(string_type && !it->second.is_string()))
                 {
                     // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-inefficient-string-concatenation)
@@ -24176,8 +25460,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             }
 
             // collect mandatory members
-            const auto op = get_value("op", "op", true).template get<std::string>();
-            const auto path = get_value(op, "path", true).template get<std::string>();
+            const auto op = get_value("op", "op", true).template get<string_t>();
+            const auto path = get_value(op, "path", true).template get<string_t>();
             json_pointer ptr(path);
 
             switch (get_op(op))
@@ -24203,7 +25487,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
                 case patch_operations::move:
                 {
-                    const auto from_path = get_value("move", "from", true).template get<std::string>();
+                    const auto from_path = get_value("move", "from", true).template get<string_t>();
                     json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
 
                     // the "from" location must exist - use at()
@@ -24220,7 +25504,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
 
                 case patch_operations::copy:
                 {
-                    const auto from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true).template get<std::string>();
+                    const auto from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true).template get<string_t>();
                     const json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
 
                     // the "from" location must exist - use at()
@@ -24247,7 +25531,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                         // ignore out of range errors: success remains false
                     }
 
-                    // throw an exception if test fails
+                    // throw an exception if the test fails
                     if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!success))
                     {
                         JSON_THROW(other_error::create(501, detail::concat("unsuccessful: ", val.dump()), &val));
@@ -24280,12 +25564,12 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
     /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/diff/
     JSON_HEDLEY_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
     static basic_json diff(const basic_json& source, const basic_json& target,
-                           const std::string& path = "")
+                           const string_t& path = "")
     {
         // the patch
         basic_json result(value_t::array);
 
-        // if the values are the same, return empty patch
+        // if the values are the same, return an empty patch
         if (source == target)
         {
             return result;
@@ -24310,7 +25594,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 while (i < source.size() && i < target.size())
                 {
                     // recursive call to compare array values at index i
-                    auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], detail::concat(path, '/', std::to_string(i)));
+                    auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::to_string<string_t>(i)));
                     result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end());
                     ++i;
                 }
@@ -24327,7 +25611,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                     result.insert(result.begin() + end_index, object(
                     {
                         {"op", "remove"},
-                        {"path", detail::concat(path, '/', std::to_string(i))}
+                        {"path", detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::to_string<string_t>(i))}
                     }));
                     ++i;
                 }
@@ -24338,7 +25622,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                     result.push_back(
                     {
                         {"op", "add"},
-                        {"path", detail::concat(path, "/-")},
+                        {"path", detail::concat<string_t>(path, "/-")},
                         {"value", target[i]}
                     });
                     ++i;
@@ -24353,7 +25637,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                 for (auto it = source.cbegin(); it != source.cend(); ++it)
                 {
                     // escape the key name to be used in a JSON patch
-                    const auto path_key = detail::concat(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
+                    const auto path_key = detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
 
                     if (target.find(it.key()) != target.end())
                     {
@@ -24377,7 +25661,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
                     if (source.find(it.key()) == source.end())
                     {
                         // found a key that is not in this -> add it
-                        const auto path_key = detail::concat(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
+                        const auto path_key = detail::concat<string_t>(path, '/', detail::escape(it.key()));
                         result.push_back(
                         {
                             {"op", "add"}, {"path", path_key},
@@ -24399,7 +25683,7 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
             case value_t::discarded:
             default:
             {
-                // both primitive type: replace value
+                // both primitive types: replace value
                 result.push_back(
                 {
                     {"op", "replace"}, {"path", path}, {"value", target}
@@ -24467,26 +25751,44 @@ inline namespace json_literals
 /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_literal_json/
 JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
 #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
-    inline nlohmann::json operator ""_json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+    inline nlohmann::json operator""_json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
 #else
-    inline nlohmann::json operator "" _json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+    // GCC 4.8 requires a space between "" and suffix
+    inline nlohmann::json operator"" _json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
 #endif
 {
     return nlohmann::json::parse(s, s + n);
 }
 
+#if defined(__cpp_char8_t)
+JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
+inline nlohmann::json operator""_json(const char8_t* s, std::size_t n)
+{
+    return nlohmann::json::parse(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s),
+                                 reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s) + n);
+}
+#endif
+
 /// @brief user-defined string literal for JSON pointer
 /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator_literal_json_pointer/
 JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(1)
 #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
-    inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator ""_json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+    inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator""_json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
 #else
-    inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
+    // GCC 4.8 requires a space between "" and suffix
+    inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator"" _json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
 #endif
 {
     return nlohmann::json::json_pointer(std::string(s, n));
 }
 
+#if defined(__cpp_char8_t)
+inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator""_json_pointer(const char8_t* s, std::size_t n)
+{
+    return nlohmann::json::json_pointer(std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s), n));
+}
+#endif
+
 }  // namespace json_literals
 }  // namespace literals
 NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
@@ -24547,21 +25849,22 @@ inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC
 
 #if JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS
     #if !defined(JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION) || JSON_HEDLEY_GCC_VERSION_CHECK(4,9,0)
-        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator ""_json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
-        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator ""_json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator""_json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator""_json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
     #else
-        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator "" _json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
-        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator "" _json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+        // GCC 4.8 requires a space between "" and suffix
+        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator"" _json; // NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
+        using nlohmann::literals::json_literals::operator"" _json_pointer; //NOLINT(misc-unused-using-decls,google-global-names-in-headers)
     #endif
 #endif
 
 // #include <nlohmann/detail/macro_unscope.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -24584,6 +25887,7 @@ inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC
 #undef JSON_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
 #undef JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
 #undef JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS
+#undef JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS
 
 #ifndef JSON_TEST_KEEP_MACROS
     #undef JSON_CATCH
@@ -24592,6 +25896,8 @@ inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC
     #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_14
     #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
     #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_20
+    #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_23
+    #undef JSON_HAS_CPP_26
     #undef JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM
     #undef JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
     #undef JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
@@ -24603,10 +25909,10 @@ inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC
 // #include <nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley_undef.hpp>
 //     __ _____ _____ _____
 //  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.12.0
 // |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 
@@ -24762,4 +26068,9 @@ inline void swap(nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC_JSON_TPL& j1, nlohmann::NLOHMANN_BASIC
 
 
 
+// End of GCC diagnostic pragmas for C++ modules support
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && __cplusplus >= 202002L
+    #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
 #endif  // INCLUDE_NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP_