Implement Database for Laser Beams, Experiments, and Facilities

[szabo137]

Description:

Design and implement a structured database to store and query information about laser systems, electron beams, experiments, and facilities.
The goal is to clearly separate generic (idealized) definitions from deployed (real-world) systems and to provide a consistent data model accessible from Julia.

Planned Structure:

1. Generic Definitions: canonical laser and beam templates (e.g. Ti:Sapphire, GaussianElectronBeam).
2. Deployed Systems: real-world systems at specific facilities (e.g. RELAX @ HiBEF).
3. Experiments: combinations of deployed systems with collision partners.
4. Facilities: top-level containers grouping systems and experiments.

Core Deliverables:

• Define corresponding Julia structs (GenericLaser, DeployedLaser, ColliderExperiment, Facility).
• Implement JSON-based storage for all entities (e.g. generic_lasers.json, facilities.json, ...).
• Provide a Database module for loading and querying entries.
• Add example data and usage patterns.
• Include unit tests for parsing, linking, and querying the database.

Open Questions:

• Should links between entries (e.g. facility ↔ experiment) be represented as strings, symbols, or singleton types?
• Is there a Julia package suitable for storing bibliographic references (BibTeX-like) independent of citation format?

Example Queries:

• path to the database

Database.DATAPATH 

• reading all entries of a kind

Database.all_lasers()
Database.all_electrons()
Database.all_experiments()
Database.all_facilities()

• contributing certain entry

Database.contribute!(::AbstractLaserBeam)
Database.contribute!(::AbstractElectronBeam)
Database.contribute!(::AbstractExperiment)
Database.contribute!(::AbstractFacility)

Next Steps:

• Define and implement data model structs
• Implement JSON schema and IO
• Build Database query interface
• Add initial dataset and tests