Linux-Essentials/Process _Management_in_Linux.md at main · Rohan3444/Linux-Essentials

Process Management in Linux

Process management is crucial for monitoring and controlling system performance. Linux provides various commands to manage processes efficiently.

Run a command in the foreground:
```
ping 8.8.8.8
```
This command runs ping and keeps it active in the current terminal.
Run a command in the background:
```
ping 8.8.8.8 &
```
The & symbol runs the command in the background, allowing the terminal to be free for other tasks.
Bringing a background job to the foreground:
```
fg
```
This command brings the last background job to the foreground.
Bringing a specific job to the foreground:
```
fg 2
```
This brings job number 2 to the foreground.

Show processes running in the current shell session:
```
ps
```
Display more details about running processes:
```
ps -L
```
List all processes with CPU and memory usage (BSD-style format):
```
ps -aux
```
List all processes using standard syntax:
```
ps -e
```
Display processes in a hierarchical tree format:
```
ps -axjf
```
Show processes owned by root:
```
ps -U root -u root u
```
Show processes owned by a specific user (e.g., armour):
```
ps -U armour -u armour
```

Better alternative to top: Install and use htop

apt install htop  # Debian/Ubuntu
yum install htop  # RHEL/CentOS
htop

Show tree structure in htop:
```
htop -t
```
Display processes for a specific user (e.g., armour):
```
htop -t -u armour
```
Show details of a specific process by PID (e.g., 2780):
```
htop -t -p 2780
```

Terminate a process using its PID (e.g., 2526):
```
kill 2526
```
Forcefully kill a process (e.g., 7500):
```
kill -9 7500
```
Kill all instances of a process (e.g., sed):
```
yum install psmisc
killall seq
```
Kill all processes with names matching a pattern (e.g., firefox):
```
killall -r firefox
```
Kill all processes owned by a specific user (e.g., armour):
```
killall -u armour
```
Kill all ping processes using pkill:
```
pkill ping
```
Kill all processes owned by a user (e.g., armour):
```
pkill -u armour
```
Kill an exact process owned by a user (e.g., ping owned by armour):
```
pkill -u armour -x ping
```

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