From ddc1971c02a8b56c601ee384756e0642a99b7310 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 00:22:55 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 01/17] Add detection for more package managers

---
 README.md               |  10 +--
 src/why_core.nim        |  98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 tests/test_why_core.nim | 155 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 255 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 842456a..c36f7d1 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
 **"Why is this command here? Who installed it?"**
 
 `why` is a CLI tool that identifies the installation source (provider) of a command.
-It resolves symlinks, checks path patterns, and queries system package managers to tell you if a command is managed by Homebrew, apt, npm, Mise, Flatpak, or simply a system file.
+It resolves symlinks, checks path patterns, and queries system package managers to tell you if a command is managed by Homebrew, apt, npm, Mise, Flatpak, asdf, SDKMAN!, or simply a system file.
 
 ## Features
 
-- Provider Identification: Instantly detects if a binary is from Homebrew, apt/dpkg, yum/rpm, npm, pip, Cargo, Go, etc.
+- Provider Identification: Instantly detects if a binary is from Homebrew, apt/dpkg, yum/rpm, zypper/rpm, apk, pacman, Nix, MacPorts, npm, pip, Cargo, Go, etc.
 - Symlink Resolution: Traces the "Origin Path" (where your shell finds it) to the "Real Path" (where the binary actually lives).
-- System Package Manager Integration: Automatically queries `dpkg` or `rpm` for system files to identify the package name.
+- System Package Manager Integration: Automatically queries `dpkg`, `rpm`/`zypper`, `apk`, `pacman`, `pkg`, or Portage tools for system files to identify the package name.
 
 ## Installation
 
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ Real Path:   /var/lib/flatpak/app/com.valvesoftware.Steam/current/active/export/
 
 `why` currently supports detection for:
 
-- Package Managers: Homebrew, apt (Debian/Ubuntu), yum/rpm (RHEL/CentOS), Snap, Flatpak
-- Version Managers: Mise, Volta
+- Package Managers: Homebrew, apt (Debian/Ubuntu), yum/rpm (RHEL/CentOS), zypper/rpm (SUSE), apk (Alpine), pacman (Arch), Portage (Gentoo), pkg (FreeBSD), MacPorts, Nix, Snap, Flatpak, Scoop, Chocolatey, winget
+- Version Managers: Mise, Volta, asdf, SDKMAN!, nvm, fnm, pyenv, rbenv, rvm, Rustup, Conda
 - Language Managers: npm (Global), pip/pipx (Python), Cargo (Rust), Go
 - System: Standard system paths (`/usr/bin`, etc.)
 
diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index 07cf213..25058cf 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ proc defaultRules*(homeDir: string): seq[ProviderRule] =
       "/opt/homebrew", "/usr/local/cellar",
       "/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew", "/.linuxbrew/cellar", "/.linuxbrew/caskroom"
     ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "MacPorts", kind: mkStartsWith, patterns: @[
+      "/opt/local/"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Nix", kind: mkStartsWith, patterns: @[
+      "/nix/store", "/run/current-system/sw", "/nix/var/nix/profiles"
+    ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Flatpak", kind: mkStartsWith, patterns: @[
       "/var/lib/flatpak/exports/bin",
       homeDir / ".local/share/flatpak/exports/bin"
@@ -60,6 +66,45 @@ proc defaultRules*(homeDir: string): seq[ProviderRule] =
     ProviderRule(name: "Snap", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
       "/snap/", "snap/bin"
     ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "asdf", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".asdf/shims", ".asdf/installs"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "SDKMAN!", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".sdkman"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Volta", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".volta"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "nvm", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".nvm"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "fnm", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".fnm", ".local/share/fnm", "fnm_multishells"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "pyenv", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".pyenv", "pyenv/shims"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "rbenv", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".rbenv", "rbenv/shims"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "rvm", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".rvm", "/usr/local/rvm"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Rustup", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".rustup", "rustup/toolchains"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Conda", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      ".conda", "/miniconda", "/anaconda", "/mambaforge", "/miniforge"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Scoop", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      "scoop/shims", "scoop/apps", "scoop\\shims", "scoop\\apps"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "Chocolatey", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      "chocolatey/bin", "chocolatey/lib", "chocolatey\\bin", "chocolatey\\lib"
+    ]),
+    ProviderRule(name: "winget", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
+      "WindowsApps", "Microsoft\\WindowsApps"
+    ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Cargo", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
       ".cargo/bin"
     ]),
@@ -70,9 +115,6 @@ proc defaultRules*(homeDir: string): seq[ProviderRule] =
       "site-packages", "dist-packages", "/pipx/", ".local/bin/pipx",
       "/bin/pip", "/bin/pip3"
     ]),
-    ProviderRule(name: "Volta", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
-      ".volta"
-    ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Go", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
       "go/bin"
     ]),
@@ -143,11 +185,61 @@ proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
       if parts.len > 0:
         return "apt/dpkg (" & parts[0].strip() & ")"
 
+  if ctx.findExe("zypper").len > 0 and ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      return "zypper/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
+
   if ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0:
     let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
     if exitCode == 0:
       return "yum/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
 
+  if ctx.findExe("apk").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("apk info -W " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      let lines = outp.splitLines()
+      if lines.len > 0 and lines[0].strip().len > 0:
+        return "apk (" & lines[0].strip() & ")"
+
+  if ctx.findExe("pacman").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("pacman -Qo " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      let trimmed = outp.strip()
+      let marker = " is owned by "
+      if trimmed.contains(marker):
+        let parts = trimmed.split(marker)
+        if parts.len > 1:
+          return "pacman (" & parts[1].strip() & ")"
+      if trimmed.len > 0:
+        return "pacman (" & trimmed & ")"
+
+  if ctx.findExe("pkg").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("pkg which -q " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      let lines = outp.splitLines()
+      if lines.len > 0 and lines[0].strip().len > 0:
+        return "pkg (" & lines[0].strip() & ")"
+
+  if ctx.findExe("qfile").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("qfile -qv " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      let lines = outp.splitLines()
+      if lines.len > 0:
+        let tokens = lines[0].splitWhitespace()
+        if tokens.len > 0:
+          return "portage (" & tokens[0].strip() & ")"
+
+  if ctx.findExe("equery").len > 0:
+    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("equery b " & quoteShell(path))
+    if exitCode == 0:
+      for line in outp.splitLines():
+        let idx = line.find(" (")
+        if idx > 0:
+          let pkg = line[0..<idx].strip()
+          if pkg.len > 0 and not pkg.startsWith("*"):
+            return "portage (" & pkg & ")"
+
   return ""
 
 proc findFlatpakFallback*(shortName: string, ctx: WhyCtx, homeDir: string): string =
diff --git a/tests/test_why_core.nim b/tests/test_why_core.nim
index 7386cc7..7d0ac40 100644
--- a/tests/test_why_core.nim
+++ b/tests/test_why_core.nim
@@ -76,6 +76,32 @@ suite "whyCore":
     check err.msg.len == 0
     check res.provider == "apt/dpkg (bash)"
 
+  test "system package manager detection via zypper":
+    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
+
+    let ctx = WhyCtx(
+      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
+        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
+      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
+      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
+      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
+      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
+      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
+      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
+        if name == "zypper": "/usr/bin/zypper"
+        elif name == "rpm": "/usr/bin/rpm"
+        else: "",
+      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("coreutils-9.2-1\n", 0),
+      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
+    )
+
+    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
+    check ok
+    check err.msg.len == 0
+    check res.provider == "zypper/rpm (coreutils-9.2-1)"
+
   test "detectProviderByPath prefers real path":
     let rules = defaultRules("/home/test")
     let provider = detectProviderByPath(
@@ -84,3 +110,132 @@ suite "whyCore":
       rules
     )
     check provider == "System"
+
+  test "detects common version managers by path":
+    let rules = defaultRules("/home/test")
+    let cases = {
+      "asdf": ("/home/test/.asdf/shims/node", "/home/test/.asdf/installs/nodejs/20.0.0/bin/node"),
+      "SDKMAN!": ("/home/test/.sdkman/candidates/java/current/bin/java", "/home/test/.sdkman/candidates/java/17.0.9/bin/java"),
+      "nvm": ("/home/test/.nvm/versions/node/v20.2.0/bin/node", "/home/test/.nvm/versions/node/v20.2.0/bin/node"),
+      "fnm": ("/home/test/.local/share/fnm/node-versions/v20.2.0/installation/bin/node", "/home/test/.local/share/fnm/node-versions/v20.2.0/installation/bin/node"),
+      "pyenv": ("/home/test/.pyenv/shims/python", "/home/test/.pyenv/versions/3.11.4/bin/python"),
+      "rbenv": ("/home/test/.rbenv/shims/ruby", "/home/test/.rbenv/versions/3.2.2/bin/ruby"),
+      "rvm": ("/home/test/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.2.2/bin/ruby", "/home/test/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.2.2/bin/ruby"),
+      "Rustup": ("/home/test/.cargo/bin/rustc", "/home/test/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/rustc"),
+      "Conda": ("/home/test/miniconda3/bin/python", "/home/test/miniconda3/bin/python")
+    }.toTable
+
+    for expected, paths in cases:
+      let provider = detectProviderByPath(paths[0], paths[1], rules)
+      check provider == expected
+
+  test "detects package managers by path":
+    let rules = defaultRules("/home/test")
+    let cases = {
+      "MacPorts": ("/opt/local/bin/port", "/opt/local/bin/port"),
+      "Nix": ("/nix/store/abc123/bin/nix", "/nix/store/abc123/bin/nix"),
+      "Scoop": ("C:\\Users\\bob\\scoop\\shims\\node.exe", "C:\\Users\\bob\\scoop\\apps\\nodejs\\current\\node.exe"),
+      "Chocolatey": ("C:\\ProgramData\\chocolatey\\bin\\git.exe", "C:\\ProgramData\\chocolatey\\lib\\git\\tools\\git.exe"),
+      "winget": ("C:\\Program Files\\WindowsApps\\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_1.20.0.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe\\wt.exe",
+                 "C:\\Program Files\\WindowsApps\\Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_1.20.0.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe\\wt.exe")
+    }.toTable
+
+    for expected, paths in cases:
+      let provider = detectProviderByPath(paths[0], paths[1], rules)
+      check provider == expected
+
+  test "system package manager detection via apk":
+    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
+
+    let ctx = WhyCtx(
+      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
+        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
+      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
+      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
+      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
+      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
+      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
+      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
+        if name == "apk": "/sbin/apk" else: "",
+      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("busybox-1.36.1-r0\n", 0),
+      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
+    )
+
+    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
+    check ok
+    check err.msg.len == 0
+    check res.provider == "apk (busybox-1.36.1-r0)"
+
+  test "system package manager detection via pacman":
+    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
+
+    let ctx = WhyCtx(
+      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
+        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
+      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
+      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
+      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
+      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
+      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
+      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
+        if name == "pacman": "/usr/bin/pacman" else: "",
+      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("/usr/bin/ls is owned by coreutils 9.2-1\n", 0),
+      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
+    )
+
+    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
+    check ok
+    check err.msg.len == 0
+    check res.provider == "pacman (coreutils 9.2-1)"
+
+  test "system package manager detection via pkg":
+    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
+
+    let ctx = WhyCtx(
+      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
+        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
+      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
+      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
+      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
+      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
+      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
+      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
+        if name == "pkg": "/usr/sbin/pkg" else: "",
+      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("coreutils\n", 0),
+      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
+    )
+
+    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
+    check ok
+    check err.msg.len == 0
+    check res.provider == "pkg (coreutils)"
+
+  test "system package manager detection via portage qfile":
+    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
+
+    let ctx = WhyCtx(
+      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
+        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
+      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
+      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
+      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
+      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
+      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
+      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
+      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
+        if name == "qfile": "/usr/bin/qfile" else: "",
+      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("sys-apps/coreutils-9.2 /usr/bin/ls\n", 0),
+      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
+    )
+
+    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
+    check ok
+    check err.msg.len == 0
+    check res.provider == "portage (sys-apps/coreutils-9.2)"

From 8cfd0f11d1b07ee4dde5306aa394ced02049285c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:30:57 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 02/17] Add Docker-based e2e test harness

---
 tests/e2e/README.md           | 29 +++++++++++
 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile   | 13 +++++
 tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh      | 20 ++++++++
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile     | 14 ++++++
 tests/e2e/arch/test.sh        | 20 ++++++++
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile   | 14 ++++++
 tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh      | 20 ++++++++
 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile | 14 ++++++
 tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh    | 20 ++++++++
 tests/e2e/run.sh              | 27 ++++++++++
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile   | 15 ++++++
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh      | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 12 files changed, 299 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/README.md
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/run.sh
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh

diff --git a/tests/e2e/README.md b/tests/e2e/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73687a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# E2E Tests (Docker)
+
+These tests run `why` inside distro containers to exercise real package-manager lookups.
+
+## Run
+
+```bash
+./tests/e2e/run.sh
+```
+
+Run a subset:
+
+```bash
+./tests/e2e/run.sh ubuntu alpine
+```
+
+## Coverage
+
+- ubuntu: apt/dpkg + path-based providers (asdf/SDKMAN!/nvm/fnm/pyenv/rbenv/rvm/rustup/conda/mise/volta/macports/nix)
+- fedora: yum/rpm
+- opensuse: zypper/rpm
+- alpine: apk
+- arch: pacman
+
+## Notes
+
+- Alpine uses a glibc compatibility layer (`gcompat`/`libc6-compat`) to run the binary built in the builder stage.
+- `pkg` (FreeBSD) and Portage (Gentoo) are not covered here due to container limitations; they remain covered by unit tests.
+- Windows-only providers (Scoop/Chocolatey/winget) are covered by unit tests.
diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d0dbaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM alpine:3.20
+RUN apk add --no-cache bash ca-certificates gcompat libc6-compat libstdc++
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh b/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..14ce5ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+out=$($WHY ls)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    apk ("
+
+echo "alpine e2e OK"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..646542f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM archlinux:base
+RUN pacman -Syu --noconfirm bash ca-certificates coreutils \
+  && pacman -Scc --noconfirm
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/arch/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh b/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f530c59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+out=$($WHY ls)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    pacman ("
+
+echo "arch e2e OK"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8c404a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM fedora:40
+RUN dnf -y install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
+  && dnf clean all
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh b/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7ed3ef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+out=$($WHY ls)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    yum/rpm ("
+
+echo "fedora e2e OK"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee54291
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM opensuse/leap:15.6
+RUN zypper -n install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
+  && zypper clean -a
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh b/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e37a929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+out=$($WHY ls)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    zypper/rpm ("
+
+echo "opensuse e2e OK"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..31a909f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+ROOT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../.." && pwd)
+DISTROS=(ubuntu fedora opensuse alpine arch)
+
+if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
+  DISTROS=($@)
+fi
+
+for distro in "${DISTROS[@]}"; do
+  image="why-e2e-${distro}"
+  dockerfile="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/${distro}/Dockerfile"
+  if [[ ! -f "$dockerfile" ]]; then
+    echo "Missing Dockerfile for ${distro}: ${dockerfile}" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  echo "==> Building ${image}"
+  docker build -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
+  echo "==> Running ${image}"
+  docker run --rm "$image"
+  echo "==> ${distro} OK"
+  echo
+  
+
+done
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb38855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends bash ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d2aab11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+make_bin() {
+  local path="$1"
+  mkdir -p "$(dirname "$path")"
+  cat <<'SCRIPT' > "$path"
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+echo ok
+SCRIPT
+  chmod +x "$path"
+}
+
+run_and_assert_provider() {
+  local expected="$1"
+  local cmd="$2"
+  local output
+  output=$("$WHY" "$cmd")
+  assert_contains "$output" "Provider:    $expected"
+}
+
+# dpkg
+out=$($WHY ls)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    apt/dpkg ("
+
+# MacPorts
+make_bin /opt/local/bin/port
+PATH="/opt/local/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "MacPorts" "port"
+
+# Nix
+make_bin /nix/store/test/bin/nix
+PATH="/nix/store/test/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "Nix" "nix"
+
+# asdf
+make_bin /root/.asdf/shims/node
+PATH="/root/.asdf/shims:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "asdf" "node"
+
+# SDKMAN!
+make_bin /root/.sdkman/candidates/java/current/bin/java
+PATH="/root/.sdkman/candidates/java/current/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "SDKMAN!" "java"
+
+# nvm
+make_bin /root/.nvm/versions/node/v20.0.0/bin/node
+PATH="/root/.nvm/versions/node/v20.0.0/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "nvm" "node"
+
+# fnm
+make_bin /root/.local/share/fnm/node-versions/v20.0.0/installation/bin/node
+PATH="/root/.local/share/fnm/node-versions/v20.0.0/installation/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "fnm" "node"
+
+# pyenv
+make_bin /root/.pyenv/shims/python
+PATH="/root/.pyenv/shims:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "pyenv" "python"
+
+# rbenv
+make_bin /root/.rbenv/shims/ruby
+PATH="/root/.rbenv/shims:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "rbenv" "ruby"
+
+# rvm
+make_bin /root/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.2.2/bin/ruby
+PATH="/root/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.2.2/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "rvm" "ruby"
+
+# rustup (symlink from cargo bin to rustup toolchain)
+make_bin /root/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/rustc
+mkdir -p /root/.cargo/bin
+ln -sf /root/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/rustc /root/.cargo/bin/rustc
+PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "Rustup" "rustc"
+
+# conda
+make_bin /root/miniconda3/bin/python
+PATH="/root/miniconda3/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "Conda" "python"
+
+# mise
+make_bin /root/.local/share/mise/shims/node
+PATH="/root/.local/share/mise/shims:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "Mise" "node"
+
+# volta
+make_bin /root/.volta/bin/node
+PATH="/root/.volta/bin:$PATH" run_and_assert_provider "Volta" "node"
+
+echo "ubuntu e2e OK"

From a55a2e2034f4255d9c66b654ecaa8402fc27b862 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:37:57 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 03/17] Fix e2e base images and dpkg check

---
 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile   | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile     | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile   | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile   | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh      | 2 +-
 6 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
index 2d0dbaf..e28cb7c 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
index 646542f..a760f66 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
index f8c404a..22607db 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
index ee54291..4fd83d0 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
index eb38855..d605f01 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.6 AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
index d2aab11..897f95d 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ run_and_assert_provider() {
 }
 
 # dpkg
-out=$($WHY ls)
+PATH="/bin:$PATH" out=$($WHY bash)
 assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    apt/dpkg ("
 
 # MacPorts

From e9f799588afcedfc9dceecbe9937afaa7e945261 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:44:12 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 04/17] Use Nim 2.2.4 images and drop pkg support

---
 README.md                     |  4 ++--
 src/why_core.nim              |  7 -------
 tests/e2e/README.md           |  2 +-
 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile   |  2 +-
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile     |  2 +-
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile   |  2 +-
 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile |  2 +-
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile   |  2 +-
 tests/test_why_core.nim       | 24 ------------------------
 9 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c36f7d1..04690d9 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ It resolves symlinks, checks path patterns, and queries system package managers
 
 - Provider Identification: Instantly detects if a binary is from Homebrew, apt/dpkg, yum/rpm, zypper/rpm, apk, pacman, Nix, MacPorts, npm, pip, Cargo, Go, etc.
 - Symlink Resolution: Traces the "Origin Path" (where your shell finds it) to the "Real Path" (where the binary actually lives).
-- System Package Manager Integration: Automatically queries `dpkg`, `rpm`/`zypper`, `apk`, `pacman`, `pkg`, or Portage tools for system files to identify the package name.
+- System Package Manager Integration: Automatically queries `dpkg`, `rpm`/`zypper`, `apk`, `pacman`, or Portage tools for system files to identify the package name.
 
 ## Installation
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Real Path:   /var/lib/flatpak/app/com.valvesoftware.Steam/current/active/export/
 
 `why` currently supports detection for:
 
-- Package Managers: Homebrew, apt (Debian/Ubuntu), yum/rpm (RHEL/CentOS), zypper/rpm (SUSE), apk (Alpine), pacman (Arch), Portage (Gentoo), pkg (FreeBSD), MacPorts, Nix, Snap, Flatpak, Scoop, Chocolatey, winget
+- Package Managers: Homebrew, apt (Debian/Ubuntu), yum/rpm (RHEL/CentOS), zypper/rpm (SUSE), apk (Alpine), pacman (Arch), Portage (Gentoo), MacPorts, Nix, Snap, Flatpak, Scoop, Chocolatey, winget
 - Version Managers: Mise, Volta, asdf, SDKMAN!, nvm, fnm, pyenv, rbenv, rvm, Rustup, Conda
 - Language Managers: npm (Global), pip/pipx (Python), Cargo (Rust), Go
 - System: Standard system paths (`/usr/bin`, etc.)
diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index 25058cf..63fa498 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -214,13 +214,6 @@ proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
       if trimmed.len > 0:
         return "pacman (" & trimmed & ")"
 
-  if ctx.findExe("pkg").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("pkg which -q " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      let lines = outp.splitLines()
-      if lines.len > 0 and lines[0].strip().len > 0:
-        return "pkg (" & lines[0].strip() & ")"
-
   if ctx.findExe("qfile").len > 0:
     let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("qfile -qv " & quoteShell(path))
     if exitCode == 0:
diff --git a/tests/e2e/README.md b/tests/e2e/README.md
index 73687a5..42df853 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/README.md
+++ b/tests/e2e/README.md
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ Run a subset:
 ## Notes
 
 - Alpine uses a glibc compatibility layer (`gcompat`/`libc6-compat`) to run the binary built in the builder stage.
-- `pkg` (FreeBSD) and Portage (Gentoo) are not covered here due to container limitations; they remain covered by unit tests.
+- Portage (Gentoo) is not covered here due to container limitations; it remains covered by unit tests.
 - Windows-only providers (Scoop/Chocolatey/winget) are covered by unit tests.
diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
index e28cb7c..83e51e4 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
index a760f66..bbe479c 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
index 22607db..5085d9f 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
index 4fd83d0..6ea4dbe 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
index d605f01..bdfa0ff 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:latest AS builder
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
 WORKDIR /work
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
diff --git a/tests/test_why_core.nim b/tests/test_why_core.nim
index 7d0ac40..485a45d 100644
--- a/tests/test_why_core.nim
+++ b/tests/test_why_core.nim
@@ -192,30 +192,6 @@ suite "whyCore":
     check err.msg.len == 0
     check res.provider == "pacman (coreutils 9.2-1)"
 
-  test "system package manager detection via pkg":
-    var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
-
-    let ctx = WhyCtx(
-      getEnv: proc(key: string): string =
-        if key == "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin" else: "",
-      getCurrentDir: proc(): string = "/work",
-      getHomeDir: proc(): string = "/home/test",
-      fileExists: proc(p: string): bool = files.getOrDefault(p, false),
-      symlinkExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
-      expandSymlink: proc(p: string): string = "",
-      dirExists: proc(p: string): bool = false,
-      listDir: proc(dir: string): seq[(DirEntryKind, string)] = @[],
-      findExe: proc(name: string): string =
-        if name == "pkg": "/usr/sbin/pkg" else: "",
-      execCmd: proc(cmd: string): ExecResult = ("coreutils\n", 0),
-      paramStr0: proc(): string = "/usr/bin/why"
-    )
-
-    let (ok, res, err) = whyCore("ls", ctx)
-    check ok
-    check err.msg.len == 0
-    check res.provider == "pkg (coreutils)"
-
   test "system package manager detection via portage qfile":
     var files = {"/usr/bin/ls": true}.toTable
 

From a5e09f0417a34846d2674e8fd5ef39aaaadc15d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:53:13 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 05/17] Deduplicate e2e assert helper

---
 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile   |  1 +
 tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh      | 12 +-----------
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile     |  1 +
 tests/e2e/arch/test.sh        | 12 +-----------
 tests/e2e/common.sh           | 13 +++++++++++++
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile   |  1 +
 tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh      | 12 +-----------
 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile |  1 +
 tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh    | 12 +-----------
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile   |  1 +
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh      | 12 +-----------
 11 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/common.sh

diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
index 83e51e4..baa9430 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
@@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ RUN nimble build -d:release
 FROM alpine:3.20
 RUN apk add --no-cache bash ca-certificates gcompat libc6-compat libstdc++
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh b/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
index 14ce5ad..cdf621f 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
-
-assert_contains() {
-  local haystack="$1"
-  local needle="$2"
-  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
-    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
-    echo "Actual output:" >&2
-    echo "$haystack" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
+source /test-common.sh
 
 out=$($WHY ls)
 assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    apk ("
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
index bbe479c..a4917e2 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ FROM archlinux:base
 RUN pacman -Syu --noconfirm bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && pacman -Scc --noconfirm
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/arch/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh b/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
index f530c59..7508258 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/test.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
-
-assert_contains() {
-  local haystack="$1"
-  local needle="$2"
-  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
-    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
-    echo "Actual output:" >&2
-    echo "$haystack" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
+source /test-common.sh
 
 out=$($WHY ls)
 assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    pacman ("
diff --git a/tests/e2e/common.sh b/tests/e2e/common.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..11246f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/common.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+assert_contains() {
+  local haystack="$1"
+  local needle="$2"
+  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
+    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
+    echo "Actual output:" >&2
+    echo "$haystack" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
index 5085d9f..816468e 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ FROM fedora:40
 RUN dnf -y install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && dnf clean all
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh b/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
index 7ed3ef1..3129a89 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
-
-assert_contains() {
-  local haystack="$1"
-  local needle="$2"
-  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
-    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
-    echo "Actual output:" >&2
-    echo "$haystack" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
+source /test-common.sh
 
 out=$($WHY ls)
 assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    yum/rpm ("
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
index 6ea4dbe..e9b0a37 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
@@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ FROM opensuse/leap:15.6
 RUN zypper -n install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && zypper clean -a
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh b/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
index e37a929..c8356c7 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
-
-assert_contains() {
-  local haystack="$1"
-  local needle="$2"
-  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
-    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
-    echo "Actual output:" >&2
-    echo "$haystack" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
+source /test-common.sh
 
 out=$($WHY ls)
 assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    zypper/rpm ("
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
index bdfa0ff..1fd992c 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -11,5 +11,6 @@ RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends bash ca-certificates \
   && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
index 897f95d..a68bf8c 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
-
-assert_contains() {
-  local haystack="$1"
-  local needle="$2"
-  if ! grep -qF "$needle" <<<"$haystack"; then
-    echo "Expected output to contain: $needle" >&2
-    echo "Actual output:" >&2
-    echo "$haystack" >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
+source /test-common.sh
 
 make_bin() {
   local path="$1"

From fab346b7052cf9f55107f618583150127957a428 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:54:15 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 06/17] Standardize e2e bash path and args handling

---
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile   | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile | 2 +-
 tests/e2e/run.sh            | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
index a4917e2..44b499f 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ RUN pacman -Syu --noconfirm bash ca-certificates coreutils \
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/arch/test.sh /test.sh
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
index 816468e..d34df7d 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ RUN dnf -y install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
 COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh /test.sh
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index 31a909f..bd70d5a 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ROOT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../.." && pwd)
 DISTROS=(ubuntu fedora opensuse alpine arch)
 
 if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
-  DISTROS=($@)
+  DISTROS=("$@")
 fi
 
 for distro in "${DISTROS[@]}"; do

From 72e2b2fb96a4721b4d33de9540a13e7e80b26757 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:55:06 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 07/17] Avoid duplicate rpm queries

---
 src/why_core.nim | 11 +++++------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index 63fa498..8d53a74 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -185,14 +185,13 @@ proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
       if parts.len > 0:
         return "apt/dpkg (" & parts[0].strip() & ")"
 
-  if ctx.findExe("zypper").len > 0 and ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      return "zypper/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
-
-  if ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0:
+  let hasRpm = ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0
+  let hasZypper = ctx.findExe("zypper").len > 0
+  if hasRpm:
     let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
     if exitCode == 0:
+      if hasZypper:
+        return "zypper/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
       return "yum/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
 
   if ctx.findExe("apk").len > 0:

From f9c6963483cd2fd28be97bbab712f74c69d66021 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 01:59:36 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 08/17] Add Gentoo e2e coverage

---
 tests/e2e/README.md         |  3 ++-
 tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh    | 10 ++++++++++
 tests/e2e/run.sh            |  2 +-
 4 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh

diff --git a/tests/e2e/README.md b/tests/e2e/README.md
index 42df853..188aff8 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/README.md
+++ b/tests/e2e/README.md
@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ Run a subset:
 - opensuse: zypper/rpm
 - alpine: apk
 - arch: pacman
+- gentoo: portage (qfile)
 
 ## Notes
 
 - Alpine uses a glibc compatibility layer (`gcompat`/`libc6-compat`) to run the binary built in the builder stage.
-- Portage (Gentoo) is not covered here due to container limitations; it remains covered by unit tests.
+- Gentoo coverage is provided via a stage3 image with portage-utils (qfile).
 - Windows-only providers (Scoop/Chocolatey/winget) are covered by unit tests.
diff --git a/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e3b1ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release
+
+FROM gentoo/stage3:latest
+ENV FEATURES="-sandbox -usersandbox"
+RUN emerge --sync \
+  && emerge --quiet app-portage/portage-utils
+COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
+COPY tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh /test.sh
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh b/tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..39bdbdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+WHY=/usr/local/bin/why
+source /test-common.sh
+
+PATH="/bin:$PATH" out=$($WHY bash)
+assert_contains "$out" "Provider:    portage ("
+
+echo "gentoo e2e OK"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index bd70d5a..71647ca 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 set -euo pipefail
 
 ROOT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../.." && pwd)
-DISTROS=(ubuntu fedora opensuse alpine arch)
+DISTROS=(ubuntu fedora opensuse alpine arch gentoo)
 
 if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
   DISTROS=("$@")

From 6da7c53b697e667c16e5af050a40e574aaa6f7f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:04:07 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 09/17] Run e2e in parallel when possible

---
 tests/e2e/run.sh | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index 71647ca..ea1f2d0 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -8,12 +8,15 @@ if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
   DISTROS=("$@")
 fi
 
-for distro in "${DISTROS[@]}"; do
-  image="why-e2e-${distro}"
-  dockerfile="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/${distro}/Dockerfile"
+jobs=${E2E_JOBS:-$(nproc 2>/dev/null || echo 4)}
+
+run_one() {
+  local distro="$1"
+  local image="why-e2e-${distro}"
+  local dockerfile="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/${distro}/Dockerfile"
   if [[ ! -f "$dockerfile" ]]; then
     echo "Missing Dockerfile for ${distro}: ${dockerfile}" >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 
   echo "==> Building ${image}"
@@ -22,6 +25,29 @@ for distro in "${DISTROS[@]}"; do
   docker run --rm "$image"
   echo "==> ${distro} OK"
   echo
-  
+}
+
+if command -v parallel >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  export ROOT_DIR
+  export -f run_one
+  parallel --halt now,fail=1 --jobs "$jobs" run_one ::: "${DISTROS[@]}"
+else
+  printf '%s\n' "${DISTROS[@]}" | xargs -I{} -P "$jobs" bash -c '
+    set -euo pipefail
+    ROOT_DIR="$1"
+    distro="$2"
+    image="why-e2e-${distro}"
+    dockerfile="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/${distro}/Dockerfile"
+    if [[ ! -f "$dockerfile" ]]; then
+      echo "Missing Dockerfile for ${distro}: ${dockerfile}" >&2
+      exit 1
+    fi
 
-done
+    echo "==> Building ${image}"
+    docker build -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
+    echo "==> Running ${image}"
+    docker run --rm "$image"
+    echo "==> ${distro} OK"
+    echo
+  ' _ "$ROOT_DIR" {}
+fi

From 74819cb7c6562501d277517cab4e63a5239e4d27 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:06:30 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 10/17] Stream e2e output in parallel runs

---
 tests/e2e/run.sh | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index ea1f2d0..52f0665 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ run_one() {
   fi
 
   echo "==> Building ${image}"
-  docker build -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
+  docker build --progress=plain -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
   echo "==> Running ${image}"
   docker run --rm "$image"
   echo "==> ${distro} OK"
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ run_one() {
 if command -v parallel >/dev/null 2>&1; then
   export ROOT_DIR
   export -f run_one
-  parallel --halt now,fail=1 --jobs "$jobs" run_one ::: "${DISTROS[@]}"
+  parallel --line-buffer --tag --halt now,fail=1 --jobs "$jobs" run_one ::: "${DISTROS[@]}"
 else
   printf '%s\n' "${DISTROS[@]}" | xargs -I{} -P "$jobs" bash -c '
     set -euo pipefail
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ else
     fi
 
     echo "==> Building ${image}"
-    docker build -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
+    docker build --progress=plain -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
     echo "==> Running ${image}"
     docker run --rm "$image"
     echo "==> ${distro} OK"

From a6493d3545b4112c30c2ea79eed50e032e9e32f4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:12:18 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 11/17] Refactor system package manager checks

---
 src/why_core.nim | 147 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------
 1 file changed, 96 insertions(+), 51 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index 8d53a74..bd3f327 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -177,60 +177,105 @@ proc detectProviderByPath*(originPath, realPath: string, rules: seq[ProviderRule
 
   return "Unknown"
 
-proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
-  if ctx.findExe("dpkg").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("dpkg -S " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      let parts = outp.split(":")
-      if parts.len > 0:
-        return "apt/dpkg (" & parts[0].strip() & ")"
+type
+  PkgManagerRef = object
+    name: string
+    cmd: proc(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string {.nimcall.}
+
+proc checkPkgManagerDpkg(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  if ctx.findExe("dpkg").len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("dpkg -S " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  let parts = outp.split(":")
+  if parts.len == 0:
+    return ""
+  return "apt/dpkg (" & parts[0].strip() & ")"
 
+proc checkPkgManagerRpm(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
   let hasRpm = ctx.findExe("rpm").len > 0
   let hasZypper = ctx.findExe("zypper").len > 0
-  if hasRpm:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      if hasZypper:
-        return "zypper/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
-      return "yum/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
-
-  if ctx.findExe("apk").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("apk info -W " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      let lines = outp.splitLines()
-      if lines.len > 0 and lines[0].strip().len > 0:
-        return "apk (" & lines[0].strip() & ")"
-
-  if ctx.findExe("pacman").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("pacman -Qo " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      let trimmed = outp.strip()
-      let marker = " is owned by "
-      if trimmed.contains(marker):
-        let parts = trimmed.split(marker)
-        if parts.len > 1:
-          return "pacman (" & parts[1].strip() & ")"
-      if trimmed.len > 0:
-        return "pacman (" & trimmed & ")"
-
-  if ctx.findExe("qfile").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("qfile -qv " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      let lines = outp.splitLines()
-      if lines.len > 0:
-        let tokens = lines[0].splitWhitespace()
-        if tokens.len > 0:
-          return "portage (" & tokens[0].strip() & ")"
-
-  if ctx.findExe("equery").len > 0:
-    let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("equery b " & quoteShell(path))
-    if exitCode == 0:
-      for line in outp.splitLines():
-        let idx = line.find(" (")
-        if idx > 0:
-          let pkg = line[0..<idx].strip()
-          if pkg.len > 0 and not pkg.startsWith("*"):
-            return "portage (" & pkg & ")"
+  if not hasRpm:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("rpm -qf " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  if hasZypper:
+    return "zypper/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
+  return "yum/rpm (" & outp.strip() & ")"
+
+proc checkPkgManagerApk(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  if ctx.findExe("apk").len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("apk info -W " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  let lines = outp.splitLines()
+  if lines.len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let pkg = lines[0].strip()
+  if pkg.len == 0:
+    return ""
+  return "apk (" & pkg & ")"
+
+proc checkPkgManagerPacman(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  if ctx.findExe("pacman").len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("pacman -Qo " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  let trimmed = outp.strip()
+  let marker = " is owned by "
+  if trimmed.contains(marker):
+    let parts = trimmed.split(marker)
+    if parts.len > 1:
+      return "pacman (" & parts[1].strip() & ")"
+  if trimmed.len > 0:
+    return "pacman (" & trimmed & ")"
+  return ""
+
+proc checkPkgManagerPortageQfile(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  if ctx.findExe("qfile").len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("qfile -qv " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  let lines = outp.splitLines()
+  if lines.len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let tokens = lines[0].splitWhitespace()
+  if tokens.len == 0:
+    return ""
+  return "portage (" & tokens[0].strip() & ")"
+
+proc checkPkgManagerPortageEquery(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  if ctx.findExe("equery").len == 0:
+    return ""
+  let (outp, exitCode) = ctx.execCmd("equery b " & quoteShell(path))
+  if exitCode != 0:
+    return ""
+  for line in outp.splitLines():
+    let idx = line.find(" (")
+    if idx > 0:
+      let pkg = line[0..<idx].strip()
+      if pkg.len > 0 and not pkg.startsWith("*"):
+        return "portage (" & pkg & ")"
+  return ""
+
+proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
+  let checks = @[
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "dpkg", cmd: checkPkgManagerDpkg),
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "rpm", cmd: checkPkgManagerRpm),
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "apk", cmd: checkPkgManagerApk),
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "pacman", cmd: checkPkgManagerPacman),
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "qfile", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageQfile),
+    PkgManagerRef(name: "equery", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageEquery),
+  ]
+  for check in checks:
+    let detected = check.cmd(path, ctx)
+    if detected.len > 0:
+      return detected
 
   return ""
 

From bc4cfa51dba682c831cf8806181794c4e2e5e88c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:18:15 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 12/17] Normalize provider paths and speed up e2e builds

---
 .gitignore                    |  3 ++-
 src/why_core.nim              | 15 +++++++++------
 tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile  |  8 ++++++++
 tests/e2e/README.md           |  3 ++-
 tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile   | 10 +---------
 tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile     | 10 +---------
 tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile   | 10 +---------
 tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile   | 10 +---------
 tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile | 10 +---------
 tests/e2e/run.sh              | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile   | 10 +---------
 11 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index b5f491a..b27089b 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ why
 why.exe
 tests/test_why_core
 tests/test_why_core.exe
+tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64
 
 # Nimble files
 nimble.develop
@@ -11,4 +12,4 @@ nimble.paths
 nimbledeps
 
 # LLM utilities
-repomix-output.xml
\ No newline at end of file
+repomix-output.xml
diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index bd3f327..075e5c7 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -97,13 +97,13 @@ proc defaultRules*(homeDir: string): seq[ProviderRule] =
       ".conda", "/miniconda", "/anaconda", "/mambaforge", "/miniforge"
     ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Scoop", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
-      "scoop/shims", "scoop/apps", "scoop\\shims", "scoop\\apps"
+      "scoop/shims", "scoop/apps"
     ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Chocolatey", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
-      "chocolatey/bin", "chocolatey/lib", "chocolatey\\bin", "chocolatey\\lib"
+      "chocolatey/bin", "chocolatey/lib"
     ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "winget", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
-      "WindowsApps", "Microsoft\\WindowsApps"
+      "WindowsApps", "Microsoft/WindowsApps"
     ]),
     ProviderRule(name: "Cargo", kind: mkContains, patterns: @[
       ".cargo/bin"
@@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ proc resolveSymlinkChain*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
   return current
 
 proc detectProviderByPath*(originPath, realPath: string, rules: seq[ProviderRule]): string =
-  let checkPaths = @[realPath, originPath]
+  let normalizedReal = realPath.replace('\\', '/')
+  let normalizedOrigin = originPath.replace('\\', '/')
+  let checkPaths = @[normalizedReal, normalizedOrigin]
 
   for rule in rules:
     for path in checkPaths:
@@ -167,12 +169,13 @@ proc detectProviderByPath*(originPath, realPath: string, rules: seq[ProviderRule
         continue
 
       for pattern in rule.patterns:
+        let normalizedPattern = pattern.replace('\\', '/')
         case rule.kind
         of mkContains:
-          if pattern in path:
+          if normalizedPattern in path:
             return rule.name
         of mkStartsWith:
-          if path.startsWith(pattern):
+          if path.startsWith(normalizedPattern):
             return rule.name
 
   return "Unknown"
diff --git a/tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d7bcf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular
+WORKDIR /work
+RUN apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY . .
+RUN nimble build -d:release \
+  && install -m 0755 /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
diff --git a/tests/e2e/README.md b/tests/e2e/README.md
index 188aff8..1900b74 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/README.md
+++ b/tests/e2e/README.md
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ Run a subset:
 
 ## Notes
 
-- Alpine uses a glibc compatibility layer (`gcompat`/`libc6-compat`) to run the binary built in the builder stage.
+- The `why` binary is built once via `tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile` and copied into each distro image.
+- Alpine uses a glibc compatibility layer (`gcompat`/`libc6-compat`) to run the Ubuntu-built binary.
 - Gentoo coverage is provided via a stage3 image with portage-utils (qfile).
 - Windows-only providers (Scoop/Chocolatey/winget) are covered by unit tests.
diff --git a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
index baa9430..13d359c 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/alpine/Dockerfile
@@ -1,14 +1,6 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM alpine:3.20
 RUN apk add --no-cache bash ca-certificates gcompat libc6-compat libstdc++
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/alpine/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
index 44b499f..923e33a 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/arch/Dockerfile
@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM archlinux:base
 RUN pacman -Syu --noconfirm bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && pacman -Scc --noconfirm
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/arch/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
index d34df7d..dca914e 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/fedora/Dockerfile
@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM fedora:40
 RUN dnf -y install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && dnf clean all
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/fedora/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
index 9e3b1ef..14c2058 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/gentoo/Dockerfile
@@ -1,16 +1,8 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM gentoo/stage3:latest
 ENV FEATURES="-sandbox -usersandbox"
 RUN emerge --sync \
   && emerge --quiet app-portage/portage-utils
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/gentoo/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
index e9b0a37..f134e2f 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/opensuse/Dockerfile
@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM opensuse/leap:15.6
 RUN zypper -n install bash ca-certificates coreutils \
   && zypper clean -a
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/opensuse/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]
diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index 52f0665..b9d1c9a 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ set -euo pipefail
 
 ROOT_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../.." && pwd)
 DISTROS=(ubuntu fedora opensuse alpine arch gentoo)
+BUILDER_IMAGE="why-e2e-builder"
+BUILDER_DOCKERFILE="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/Builder.Dockerfile"
+BIN_PATH="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64"
 
 if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
   DISTROS=("$@")
@@ -10,6 +13,23 @@ fi
 
 jobs=${E2E_JOBS:-$(nproc 2>/dev/null || echo 4)}
 
+build_binary() {
+  if [[ ! -f "$BUILDER_DOCKERFILE" ]]; then
+    echo "Missing builder Dockerfile: ${BUILDER_DOCKERFILE}" >&2
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  echo "==> Building why binary"
+  docker build --progress=plain -f "$BUILDER_DOCKERFILE" -t "$BUILDER_IMAGE" "$ROOT_DIR"
+  local container_id
+  container_id=$(docker create "$BUILDER_IMAGE")
+  docker cp "$container_id":/usr/local/bin/why "$BIN_PATH"
+  docker rm -v "$container_id" >/dev/null
+  chmod +x "$BIN_PATH"
+  echo "==> Binary ready: ${BIN_PATH}"
+  echo
+}
+
 run_one() {
   local distro="$1"
   local image="why-e2e-${distro}"
@@ -27,6 +47,8 @@ run_one() {
   echo
 }
 
+build_binary
+
 if command -v parallel >/dev/null 2>&1; then
   export ROOT_DIR
   export -f run_one
diff --git a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
index 1fd992c..919f4f8 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
+++ b/tests/e2e/ubuntu/Dockerfile
@@ -1,16 +1,8 @@
-FROM nimlang/nim:2.2.4-ubuntu-regular AS builder
-WORKDIR /work
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY . .
-RUN nimble build -d:release
-
 FROM ubuntu:22.04
 RUN apt-get update \
   && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends bash ca-certificates \
   && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-COPY --from=builder /work/why /usr/local/bin/why
+COPY tests/e2e/why-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/why
 COPY tests/e2e/common.sh /test-common.sh
 COPY tests/e2e/ubuntu/test.sh /test.sh
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/test.sh"]

From 4ba51acf37f4165e1f63600ff87856d39f9576f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:25:55 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 13/17] Rename pkg manager strategy type

---
 src/why_core.nim | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/why_core.nim b/src/why_core.nim
index 075e5c7..ecac0b0 100644
--- a/src/why_core.nim
+++ b/src/why_core.nim
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ proc detectProviderByPath*(originPath, realPath: string, rules: seq[ProviderRule
   return "Unknown"
 
 type
-  PkgManagerRef = object
+  PkgManagerStrategy = object
     name: string
     cmd: proc(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string {.nimcall.}
 
@@ -268,12 +268,12 @@ proc checkPkgManagerPortageEquery(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
 
 proc checkSystemPackageManager*(path: string, ctx: WhyCtx): string =
   let checks = @[
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "dpkg", cmd: checkPkgManagerDpkg),
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "rpm", cmd: checkPkgManagerRpm),
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "apk", cmd: checkPkgManagerApk),
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "pacman", cmd: checkPkgManagerPacman),
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "qfile", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageQfile),
-    PkgManagerRef(name: "equery", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageEquery),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "dpkg", cmd: checkPkgManagerDpkg),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "rpm", cmd: checkPkgManagerRpm),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "apk", cmd: checkPkgManagerApk),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "pacman", cmd: checkPkgManagerPacman),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "qfile", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageQfile),
+    PkgManagerStrategy(name: "equery", cmd: checkPkgManagerPortageEquery),
   ]
   for check in checks:
     let detected = check.cmd(path, ctx)

From 8088283e030ed0300f2afde27e6912d4e9f8099f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:29:59 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 14/17] Add e2e job to CI

---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 11 +++++++++++
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index f986123..02a3e46 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -42,3 +42,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run Tests
         run: nimble test
+
+  e2e:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Run E2E Tests
+        run: ./tests/e2e/run.sh
+        env:
+          E2E_JOBS: 2

From e5a09f3d713e7a0f8e3fa878e745fb7205b2034e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:30:12 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 15/17] Ignore .serena artifacts

---
 .gitignore | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index b27089b..3b02b8b 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -13,3 +13,6 @@ nimbledeps
 
 # LLM utilities
 repomix-output.xml
+
+# Serena
+.serena/

From d312940f8ec4a851c02ff3dcbcf9f66350603c74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:38:34 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 16/17] Make e2e xargs path fail fast

---
 tests/e2e/run.sh | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/e2e/run.sh b/tests/e2e/run.sh
index b9d1c9a..5449cfc 100755
--- a/tests/e2e/run.sh
+++ b/tests/e2e/run.sh
@@ -54,22 +54,62 @@ if command -v parallel >/dev/null 2>&1; then
   export -f run_one
   parallel --line-buffer --tag --halt now,fail=1 --jobs "$jobs" run_one ::: "${DISTROS[@]}"
 else
-  printf '%s\n' "${DISTROS[@]}" | xargs -I{} -P "$jobs" bash -c '
-    set -euo pipefail
-    ROOT_DIR="$1"
-    distro="$2"
-    image="why-e2e-${distro}"
-    dockerfile="$ROOT_DIR/tests/e2e/${distro}/Dockerfile"
-    if [[ ! -f "$dockerfile" ]]; then
-      echo "Missing Dockerfile for ${distro}: ${dockerfile}" >&2
-      exit 1
+  pids=()
+  fail=0
+
+  prune_pids() {
+    local alive=()
+    local pid
+    for pid in "${pids[@]}"; do
+      if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+        alive+=("$pid")
+      fi
+    done
+    pids=("${alive[@]}")
+  }
+
+  wait_any() {
+    if wait -n 2>/dev/null; then
+      prune_pids
+      return 0
+    fi
+    local pid="${pids[0]:-}"
+    if [[ -n "$pid" ]]; then
+      wait "$pid"
+      local status=$?
+      prune_pids
+      return "$status"
+    fi
+    return 0
+  }
+
+  for distro in "${DISTROS[@]}"; do
+    run_one "$distro" &
+    pids+=("$!")
+    while ((${#pids[@]} >= jobs)); do
+      if ! wait_any; then
+        fail=1
+        break
+      fi
+    done
+    if ((fail)); then
+      break
     fi
+  done
 
-    echo "==> Building ${image}"
-    docker build --progress=plain -f "$dockerfile" -t "$image" "$ROOT_DIR"
-    echo "==> Running ${image}"
-    docker run --rm "$image"
-    echo "==> ${distro} OK"
-    echo
-  ' _ "$ROOT_DIR" {}
+  if ((fail)); then
+    for pid in "${pids[@]}"; do
+      kill "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+    done
+  fi
+
+  for pid in "${pids[@]}"; do
+    if ! wait "$pid"; then
+      fail=1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  if ((fail)); then
+    exit 1
+  fi
 fi

From 15037f2bb0ae72313ead86c6e4071e4ca94237c9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: akira ueno <akky@akky.me>
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2025 02:39:58 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 17/17] Add .dockerignore for faster e2e builds

---
 .dockerignore | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .dockerignore

diff --git a/.dockerignore b/.dockerignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c592b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+.git
+.github
+.serena
+.DS_Store
+.idea
+.vscode
+
+# Local build artifacts
+why
+why.exe
+tests/test_why_core
+tests/test_why_core.exe
+nimcache/
+
+# Editor/OS noise
+Thumbs.db