diff --git a/include/kvspace/kvspace.h b/include/kvspace/kvspace.h
index 6cf1bb2..30a8dee 100644
--- a/include/kvspace/kvspace.h
+++ b/include/kvspace/kvspace.h
@@ -68,6 +68,23 @@ void  kvspaceClose(void *h);
  * 调用方不得 free。resolve=1 穿透 link。key 不存在/空值 → *out=NULL、*out_len=0、返回 0。 */
 int kvspaceGet(void *h, const char *key, int resolve, uint8_t **out, uint32_t *out_len);
 
+/* ResolveRef：block_id=叶子、gen=0；parent_id=目录祖先 ART 节点，
+ * depth=进入该节点时 key 已消费字节数。GetByRef：gen==0 直取叶子；
+ * gen>0 则 block_id 为父节点、gen 为 depth，从该处续走剩余字节。
+ * 后端未实现父节点时 parent_id 保持 0。 */
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t block_id;
+    uint32_t gen;
+    uint32_t parent_id;
+    uint32_t depth;
+} kvspaceRef_t;
+int kvspaceResolveRef(void *h, const char *key, kvspaceRef_t *ref);
+int kvspaceGetByRef(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                    uint8_t **out, uint32_t *out_len);
+int kvspaceSetPartByRef(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                        uint32_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t buf_len,
+                        char *err, uint32_t err_cap);
+
 /* 指令边界回收读借用池：VM 每条指令执行完调用一次。此后本指令内 Get/GetPart 借出的
  * 指针一律失效。shm 常驻映射侧为 no-op；durable 惰性写不清池，全靠本调用回收。 */
 void kvspaceReadReset(void *h);
diff --git a/src/frontend.c b/src/frontend.c
index 42d8f73..81bc4e2 100644
--- a/src/frontend.c
+++ b/src/frontend.c
@@ -48,6 +48,12 @@ typedef struct {
     int  (*clear)(void *h, char *err, uint32_t err_cap);
     int  (*watch)(void *h, const char *key, const uint8_t *target, uint32_t target_len,
                   uint64_t tick_ns, uint8_t **out, uint32_t *out_len);
+    int  (*resolveref)(void *h, const char *key, kvspaceRef_t *ref);
+    int  (*getbyref)(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                     uint8_t **out, uint32_t *out_len);
+    int  (*setpartbyref)(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                         uint32_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t buf_len,
+                         char *err, uint32_t err_cap);
 } kvspace_vt;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -140,6 +146,9 @@ void *kvspaceConnect(const char *dsn) {
     LOAD(clear, "kvspaceClear");
     LOAD(watch, "kvspaceWatch");
     #undef LOAD
+    *(void **)&vt->resolveref = dlsym(dl, "kvspaceResolveRef");
+    *(void **)&vt->getbyref = dlsym(dl, "kvspaceGetByRef");
+    *(void **)&vt->setpartbyref = dlsym(dl, "kvspaceSetPartByRef");
 
     void *(*connect)(const char *) = dlsym(dl, "kvspaceConnect");
     if (!connect) { free(vt); dlclose(dl); return NULL; }
@@ -168,6 +177,33 @@ int kvspaceGet(void *h, const char *key, int resolve, uint8_t **out, uint32_t *o
     return x->vt->get(x->backend, key, resolve, out, out_len);
 }
 
+int kvspaceResolveRef(void *h, const char *key, kvspaceRef_t *ref) {
+    kvspace_handle *x = H(h);
+    if (!x->vt->resolveref) return 1;
+    return x->vt->resolveref(x->backend, key, ref);
+}
+
+int kvspaceGetByRef(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                    uint8_t **out, uint32_t *out_len) {
+    kvspace_handle *x = H(h);
+    if (x->vt->getbyref)
+        return x->vt->getbyref(x->backend, ref, key_fallback, out, out_len);
+    if (!key_fallback) { *out = NULL; *out_len = 0; return 0; }
+    return x->vt->get(x->backend, key_fallback, 0, out, out_len);
+}
+
+int kvspaceSetPartByRef(void *h, kvspaceRef_t *ref, const char *key_fallback,
+                        uint32_t offset, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t buf_len,
+                        char *err, uint32_t err_cap) {
+    kvspace_handle *x = H(h);
+    if (x->vt->setpartbyref)
+        return x->vt->setpartbyref(x->backend, ref, key_fallback, offset, buf,
+                                   buf_len, err, err_cap);
+    if (err && err_cap)
+        snprintf(err, err_cap, "kvspace: set-part-by-ref unsupported");
+    return 1;
+}
+
 void kvspaceReadReset(void *h) {
     kvspace_handle *x = H(h);
     if (x->vt->readreset) x->vt->readreset(x->backend);