[8.8.0] Unnecessary rebuilds when using --remote_download_outputs=all in Bazel 8.5+ (regression)

[bazel-io]

Forked from #29313

[bazel-io]

Cherry-pick was attempted but there were merge conflicts in the following file(s). Please resolve manually.

src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/FileArtifactValue.java
src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/cache/CompactPersistentActionCache.java
src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteActionFileSystem.java
src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteExecutionService.java
src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteExternalOverlayFileSystem.java
src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteOutputChecker.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/ActionCacheCheckerTest.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/cache/CompactPersistentActionCacheTest.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/ActionInputPrefetcherTestBase.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteActionFileSystemTest.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skyframe/FileArtifactValueTest.java
src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skyframe/FilesystemValueCheckerTest.java

cc: @bazelbuild/triage

[iancha1992]

Cherry-pick was attempted but there were merge conflicts in the following file(s). Please resolve manually.

src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/FileArtifactValue.java src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/cache/CompactPersistentActionCache.java src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteActionFileSystem.java src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteExecutionService.java src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteExternalOverlayFileSystem.java src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteOutputChecker.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/ActionCacheCheckerTest.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/actions/cache/CompactPersistentActionCacheTest.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/ActionInputPrefetcherTestBase.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/remote/RemoteActionFileSystemTest.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skyframe/FileArtifactValueTest.java src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skyframe/FilesystemValueCheckerTest.java

cc: @bazelbuild/triage

cc: @fmeum