fix(invoke): encode request body as UTF-8 bytes to prevent Latin-1 corruption (#194)

`invoke()` passed the JSON body as a Python `str` to `requests.post(data=...)`, which encodes `str` bodies as Latin-1 by default. Any non-Latin-1 character in the payload (em dashes, smart quotes, etc.) either raised a `UnicodeEncodeError` or was silently corrupted before the request was sent.

  - Encode `bt_dumps()` output to UTF-8 bytes before passing to `data=`
  - Add `Content-Type: application/json` header (was missing; only `Accept` was set)

`bt_dumps` is kept — it handles Pydantic models, dataclasses, and NaN/Inf values that stdlib `json` cannot serialize. Other SDK paths (`logger.py`) already use `.encode("utf-8")` correctly; this brings `invoke()` in line.

Fixes BT-4620

Author: evanmkeith

py/src/braintrust/functions/cassettes/test_invoke_encodes_body_as_utf8_bytes.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+interactions:
+- request:
+    body: '{"api_version": 1, "input": {"text": "result \u2014 excellent"}, "metadata":
+      null, "parent": "", "project_name": "test-project", "slug": "test-fn", "stream":
+      false, "tags": null}'
+    headers:
+      Accept:
+      - application/json
+      Accept-Encoding:
+      - gzip, deflate
+      Connection:
+      - keep-alive
+      Content-Type:
+      - application/json
+      User-Agent:
+      - python-requests/2.32.5
+    method: POST
+    uri: https://proxy.braintrust.ai/function/invoke
+  response:
+    body:
+      string: '{"output": "result \u2014 excellent"}'
+    headers:
+      Content-Type:
+      - application/json; charset=utf-8
+    status:
+      code: 200
+      message: OK
+version: 1
+

py/src/braintrust/functions/invoke.py

@@ -198,14 +198,17 @@ def invoke(
     if strict is not None:
         request["strict"] = strict
 
-    headers = {"Accept": "text/event-stream" if stream else "application/json"}
+    headers = {
+        "Accept": "text/event-stream" if stream else "application/json",
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+    }
     if project_id is not None:
         headers["x-bt-project-id"] = project_id
     if org_name is not None:
         headers["x-bt-org-name"] = org_name
 
     request_json = bt_dumps(request)
-    resp = proxy_conn().post("function/invoke", data=request_json, headers=headers, stream=stream)
+    resp = proxy_conn().post("function/invoke", data=request_json.encode("utf-8"), headers=headers, stream=stream)
     if resp.status_code == 500:
         raise BraintrustInvokeError(resp.text)
 

py/src/braintrust/functions/test_invoke.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 import pytest
 from braintrust.functions.invoke import init_function, invoke
-from braintrust.logger import _internal_get_global_state, _internal_reset_global_state
+from braintrust.logger import TEST_API_KEY, _internal_get_global_state, _internal_reset_global_state
 
 
 class TestInitFunction:
@@ -83,7 +83,9 @@ def _invoke_with_messages(messages):
     kwargs = mock_conn.post.call_args.kwargs
     assert "data" in kwargs, "invoke must use data= (bt_dumps) not json= (json.dumps) (see issue 38)"
     assert "json" not in kwargs
-    return json.loads(kwargs["data"])
+    data = kwargs["data"]
+    assert isinstance(data, bytes), "body must be bytes so requests does not re-encode as Latin-1"
+    return json.loads(data.decode("utf-8"))
 
 
 def test_invoke_serializes_openai_messages():
@@ -114,3 +116,33 @@ def test_invoke_serializes_google_messages():
     msg = google_types.Content(role="model", parts=[google_types.Part(text="The answer is X.")])
     parsed = _invoke_with_messages([msg])
     assert isinstance(parsed, dict) and parsed
+
+
+@pytest.mark.vcr
+def test_invoke_encodes_body_as_utf8_bytes(monkeypatch):
+    """Regression test for BT-4620: non-Latin-1 Unicode must not be corrupted.
+
+    When invoke() serializes the request body via bt_dumps() and passes it to
+    requests.post(data=...), the body must be UTF-8 encoded bytes — not a str.
+    Passing a str causes requests to re-encode with Latin-1, which raises
+    UnicodeEncodeError (or silently corrupts data) for characters outside U+007F.
+
+    Uses TEST_API_KEY to skip the HTTP login entirely, so the cassette only needs
+    to capture the single POST to /function/invoke.  BRAINTRUST_PROXY_URL is
+    cleared so the proxy URL is always the predictable test stub value
+    (https://proxy.braintrust.ai) regardless of the local environment.
+    """
+    # Prevent local env overrides from changing the proxy URL used in the cassette.
+    monkeypatch.delenv("BRAINTRUST_PROXY_URL", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("BRAINTRUST_API_URL", raising=False)
+    _internal_reset_global_state()
+
+    em_dash = "\u2014"  # — (U+2014) is outside Latin-1; triggers the bug when body is str
+    result = invoke(
+        project_name="test-project",
+        slug="test-fn",
+        input={"text": f"result {em_dash} excellent"},
+        parent="",  # skip span-parent lookup; no extra HTTP call needed
+        api_key=TEST_API_KEY,
+    )
+    assert result["output"] == f"result {em_dash} excellent"