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How to Manage Python Dependencies and Environments

Prerequisites

tox is the only tool required locally, as tox internally installs and uses poetry, be it to manage Python dependencies or to run tox environments. To install it: pipx install tox.

Optionally, poerty can be additionally installed independently just for the sake of running Python commands locally outside of tox during debugging/development. To install it: pipx install poetry.

Updating Dependencies

To add/update/remove any dependencies and/or to upgrade Python, simply:

  1. add/update/remove such dependencies to/in/from the desired group(s) below [tool.poetry.group.<your-group>.dependencies] in pyproject.toml, and/or upgrade Python itself in requires-python under [project]

    ⚠️ dependencies for the charm itself are also defined as dependencies of a dedicated group called charm, specifically below [tool.poetry.group.charm.dependencies], and not as project dependencies below [project.dependencies] or [tool.poetry.dependencies] ⚠️

  2. run tox -e update-requirements to update the lock file

    by this point, poerty, through tox, will let you know if there are any dependency conflicts to solve.

  3. optionally, if you also want to update your local environment for running Python commands/scripts yourself and not through tox, see Running Python Environments below

Running tox Environments

To run tox environments, either locally for development or in CI workflows for testing, ensure to have tox installed first and then simply run your tox environments natively (e.g.: tox -e lint). tox will internally first install poetry and then rely on it to install and run its environments.

Running Python Environments

To run Python commands locally for debugging/development from any environments built from any combinations of dependency groups without relying on tox:

  1. ensure you have poetry installed
  2. install any required dependency groups: poetry install --only <your-group-a>,<your-group-b> (or all groups, if you prefer: poetry install --all-groups)
  3. run Python commands via poetry: poetry run python3 <your-command>