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<title>计算机视觉opcencv工具深度学习快速实战2 opencv快速入门</title>
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title="Permalink to 计算机视觉opcencv工具深度学习快速实战2 opencv快速入门">计算机视觉opcencv工具深度学习快速实战2 opencv快速入门</a></h1>
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Published: 一 19 十一月 2018
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By <a class="url fn" href="/author/andrew.html">andrew</a>
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<p>In <a href="/category/python.html">python</a>.</p>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --> <h3 id="opencv">opencv基本操作</h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</span>
<span class="c1"># Author: xurongzhong#126.com wechat:pythontesting qq:37391319</span>
<span class="c1"># 技术支持 (可以加钉钉pythontesting邀请加入) </span>
<span class="c1"># qq群：144081101 591302926 567351477</span>
<span class="c1"># CreateDate: 2018-11-17</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">imutils</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">cv2</span>
<span class="c1"># 读取图片信息</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imread</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"jp.png"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"width={}, height={}, depth={}"</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">d</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1"># 显示图片</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Image"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 访问像素</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">G</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">R</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"R={}, G={}, B={}"</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">R</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">G</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1"># 选取图片区间 ROI (Region of Interest)</span>
<span class="n">roi</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">160</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">320</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">420</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"ROI"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">roi</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 缩放</span>
<span class="n">resized</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Fixed Resizing"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">resized</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 按比例缩放</span>
<span class="n">r</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">300.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">w</span>
<span class="n">dim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">r</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">resized</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dim</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Aspect Ratio Resize"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">resized</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 使用imutils缩放</span>
<span class="n">resized</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">imutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Imutils Resize"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">resized</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 顺时针旋转45度</span>
<span class="n">center</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">M</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getRotationMatrix2D</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">center</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">rotated</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warpAffine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">h</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"OpenCV Rotation"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotated</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 使用imutils旋转</span>
<span class="n">rotated</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">imutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Imutils Rotation"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotated</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 使用imutils无损旋转</span>
<span class="n">rotated</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">imutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rotate_bound</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Imutils Bound Rotation"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotated</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># apply a Gaussian blur with a 11x11 kernel to the image to smooth it,</span>
<span class="c1"># useful when reducing high frequency noise 高斯模糊</span>
<span class="c1"># https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2016/07/25/convolutions-with-opencv-and-python/</span>
<span class="n">blurred</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GaussianBlur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Blurred"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">blurred</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 画框</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rectangle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">320</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">420</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">160</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Rectangle"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 画圆</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">circle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">150</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Circle"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 划线</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">line</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Line"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 输出文字</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">putText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"https://china-testing.github.io"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">25</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Text"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p>原图：</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-739e8c1a4a6c1349.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>选取图片区间 ROI (Region of Interest)</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-e284d39f542302a3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>缩放</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-d26035a133103798.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>按比例缩放</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-29fbd0a129fa1d08.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>旋转</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-183e89ab6aba2a76.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>使用imutils无损旋转</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-be14a7c60597e283.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>高斯模糊</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-c9e928fcbc08dbd4.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>画框</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-346fb3db3d523cd8.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>画圆</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-859bb289ca755ad2.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>划线</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-a0412e9a7c440761.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>输出文字</p>
<p><img alt="Text_screenshot_17.11.2018.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-525ecb254a778711.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>执行时的输出</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="err">$</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">opencv_tutorial_01</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
<span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">600</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">322</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="n">R</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">41</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">G</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">49</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">37</span>
</pre></div>
<p><a href="https://itbooks.pipipan.com/fs/18113597-320636142">本节英文原版代码下载</a></p>
<p>关于旋转这块，实际上pillow做的更好。比如同样逆时针旋转90度。</p>
<p>opencv的实现：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">imutils</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">cv2</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imread</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"jp.png"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">rotated</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">imutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Imutils Rotation"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotated</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p><img alt="Text_screenshot_17.11.2018.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-b7ef4184568e285e.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>pillow的实现：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">PIL</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Image</span>
<span class="n">im</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"jp.png"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">im2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">im</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">expand</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">im2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
<p><img alt="test.jpg" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-8cf9a5e7ee544811.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>更多参考： <a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/f03f7f52d465">python库介绍-图像处理工具pillow中文文档-手册(2018 5.*)</a></p>
<p><img alt="deep_learning_face_detection_opencv.gif" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-1342046ba68d9898.gif?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip"></p>
<h3 id="_1">参考资料</h3>
<ul>
<li>技术支持qq群144081101(代码和模型存放）</li>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/opencv_crash_deep_learning2.html">本文最新版本地址</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing">本文涉及的python测试开发库</a> 谢谢点赞！</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing/blob/master/books.md">本文相关海量书籍下载</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/49202312f855">2018最佳人工智能机器学习工具书及下载(持续更新)</a></li>
<li>代码下载：https://itbooks.pipipan.com/fs/18113597-320636142</li>
<li>代码github地址：https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing/tree/master/opencv_crash_deep_learning</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="_2">识别俄罗斯方块</h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</span>
<span class="c1"># Author: xurongzhong#126.com wechat:pythontesting qq:37391319</span>
<span class="c1"># 技术支持 (可以加钉钉pythontesting邀请加入) </span>
<span class="c1"># qq群：144081101 591302926 567351477</span>
<span class="c1"># CreateDate: 2018-11-19</span>
<span class="c1"># python opencv_tutorial_02.py --image tetris_blocks.png</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">argparse</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">imutils</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">cv2</span>
<span class="n">ap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">argparse</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ArgumentParser</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">ap</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_argument</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"-i"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--image"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">required</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">help</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"path to input image"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">vars</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ap</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parse_args</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imread</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"image"</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Image"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 转为灰度图</span>
<span class="n">gray</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cvtColor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Gray"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">gray</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 边缘检测</span>
<span class="n">edged</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Canny</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gray</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">150</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Edged"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edged</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 门限</span>
<span class="n">thresh</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">threshold</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gray</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">225</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">THRESH_BINARY_INV</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Thresh"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">thresh</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 发现边缘</span>
<span class="n">cnts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">findContours</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RETR_EXTERNAL</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cnts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cnts</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">imutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_cv2</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="n">cnts</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># loop over the contours</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">cnts</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># draw each contour on the output image with a 3px thick purple</span>
<span class="c1"># outline, then display the output contours one at a time</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drawContours</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">240</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">159</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Contours"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># draw the total number of contours found in purple</span>
<span class="n">text</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"I found {} objects!"</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cnts</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">putText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">output</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">25</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">240</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">159</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Contours"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># we apply erosions to reduce the size of foreground objects</span>
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">erode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">iterations</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Eroded"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># 扩大</span>
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dilate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">iterations</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Dilated"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># a typical operation we may want to apply is to take our mask and</span>
<span class="c1"># apply a bitwise AND to our input image, keeping only the masked</span>
<span class="c1"># regions</span>
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">thresh</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bitwise_and</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Output"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">output</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cv2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">waitKey</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
<p>原图和灰度图：</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-94bf719d8b474e10.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>边缘检测</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-50ede7b8170e68b5.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>门限</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-87aa6ca756b90ad3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>轮廓</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-7b80766c18d6807f.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>查找结果</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-f31c3c17a9e3082f.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>腐蚀和扩张</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-eed2fb35d9671430.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-0500aad75de363d5.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>屏蔽和位操作</p>
<p><img alt="图片.png" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-2ea31f08cdaf7c22.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240"></p>
<p>串在一起执行</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="err">$</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">opencv_tutorial_02</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">image</span> <span class="n">tetris_blocks</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">png</span>
</pre></div>
<p><img alt="test.gif" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/12713060-51c23248c697d612.gif?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip"></p>
<h2 id="_3">参考资料</h2>
<ul>
<li>讨论qq群144081101 591302926 567351477 </li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing">本文涉及的python测试开发库</a> 请在github上点赞，谢谢！</li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing/blob/master/books.md">本文相关海量书籍下载</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/ageitgey/face_recognition">face_recognition</a></li>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/opencv_books.html">2018最佳人工智能图像处理工具OpenCV书籍下载</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/ai_books.html">2018最佳人工智能机器学习工具书籍及下载(持续更新)</a> </li>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/opencv_crash_deep_learning1.html">本文最新版本地址</a></li>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/testing_training.html">接口自动化性能测试线上培训大纲</a></li>
<li>道家技术-手相手诊看相中医等钉钉群21734177 qq群：391441566 184175668 338228106 看手相、面相、舌相、抽签、体质识别。服务费50元每人次起。请联系钉钉或者微信pythontesting</li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.entry-content -->
</article>
</section>
<section id="extras" class="body">
<div class="blogroll">
<h2>links</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://china-testing.github.io/testing_training.html">自动化性能接口测试线上及深圳培训与项目实战 qq群：144081101 591302926</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2604609-1112306.html">pandas数据分析scrapy爬虫 521070358 Py人工智能pandas-opencv 6089740</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-2604609-1112306.html">中医解梦看相八字算命qq群 391441566 csdn书籍下载-python爬虫 437355848</a></li>
</ul>
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<p>The theme is by <a href="http://coding.smashingmagazine.com/2009/08/04/designing-a-html-5-layout-from-scratch/">Smashing Magazine</a>, thanks!</p>
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