diff --git a/.github/workflows/targets.yml b/.github/workflows/targets.yml
index 49ce34aa6c..fe520c18b8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/targets.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/targets.yml
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ jobs:
         with:
           llvm-version: ${{matrix.llvm}}
 
+      - name: Install embedded debugger dependencies
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y gdb-multiarch lldb-${{matrix.llvm}} qemu-system-arm
+
       - name: Set up Go for build
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-go
 
@@ -44,3 +47,6 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           cd _demo/embed/targetsbuild
           bash build.sh defer
+
+      - name: Test embedded debugger transports
+        run: bash cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/runtest.sh
diff --git a/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/C/c.go b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/C/c.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c83a8609fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/C/c.go
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package C
+
+type DebugPair struct {
+	Left  int32
+	Right int32
+}
+
+var DebugSink int32
+
+func XhandleHardFault() {}
+
+func XhandleInterrupt() {}
+
+//go:noinline
+func debugStep(value int32) int32 {
+	return value*2 + 1
+}
+
+func Reset_Handler() {
+	seed := int32(7)
+	pair := DebugPair{Left: seed, Right: seed + 1}
+	values := [3]int32{9, 10, 11}
+	text := "embedded"
+	result := debugStep(pair.Left) + values[1] + int32(len(text))
+	DebugSink = result
+	if DebugSink == 33 { // LLGO_EMBEDDED_DEBUG_BREAK
+		result++
+	}
+	for {
+		DebugSink = result
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/README.md b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb2c19f0d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Embedded debugger transport fixture
+
+This fixture is the manual protocol baseline for LLGo embedded debugging. It
+builds a host-side Cortex-M ELF with DWARF, derives unchanged flash bytes, and
+uses the original ELF in two independent QEMU sessions:
+
+- `gdb-multiarch` through GDB Remote;
+- LLDB through `gdb-remote` with an explicit zero slide.
+
+Run it on Linux with QEMU's ARM system emulator, GDB, LLDB 19 or newer, and the
+LLVM 19 tools on `PATH`:
+
+```sh
+bash cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/runtest.sh
+```
+
+For a physical OpenOCD target, keep the same host ELF and connect the GDB
+listed by the target configuration to the server's default port:
+
+```text
+target extended-remote :3333
+monitor reset halt
+load
+```
+
+The automated `llgo debug` process/server orchestration is intentionally built
+on top of this artifact and transport contract rather than changing it.
diff --git a/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/go.mod b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7469f4f44a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module embeddeddebug
+
+go 1.20
diff --git a/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/main.go b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e90a55e61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package main
+
+import _ "embeddeddebug/C"
+
+func main() {}
diff --git a/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/runtest.sh b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/runtest.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..be97df27a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/llgo/debugtest/embedded/runtest.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+script_dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+repo_root=$(cd "$script_dir/../../../.." && pwd)
+tmp_dir=$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/llgo-embedded-debug.XXXXXX")
+qemu_pid=
+
+cleanup() {
+	if [[ -n "$qemu_pid" ]]; then
+		kill "$qemu_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+		wait "$qemu_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+	fi
+	rm -rf "$tmp_dir"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+find_tool() {
+	local candidate
+	for candidate in "$@"; do
+		if [[ -n "$candidate" ]] && command -v "$candidate" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+			command -v "$candidate"
+			return
+		fi
+	done
+	return 1
+}
+
+require_tool() {
+	local description=$1
+	shift
+	local path
+	if ! path=$(find_tool "$@"); then
+		echo "missing $description (tried: $*)" >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+	printf '%s\n' "$path"
+}
+
+assert_contains() {
+	local output=$1
+	local expected=$2
+	if [[ "$output" != *"$expected"* ]]; then
+		echo "missing expected debugger output: $expected" >&2
+		printf '%s\n' "$output" >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
+free_port() {
+	python3 - <<'PY'
+import socket
+
+with socket.socket() as sock:
+    sock.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
+    print(sock.getsockname()[1])
+PY
+}
+
+start_qemu() {
+	local port=$1
+	"$qemu" -machine lm3s6965evb -nographic -kernel "$debug_elf" \
+		-S -gdb "tcp::$port" >"$tmp_dir/qemu-$port.log" 2>&1 &
+	qemu_pid=$!
+	sleep 1
+	if ! kill -0 "$qemu_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+		cat "$tmp_dir/qemu-$port.log" >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
+stop_qemu() {
+	if [[ -n "$qemu_pid" ]]; then
+		kill "$qemu_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+		wait "$qemu_pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+		qemu_pid=
+	fi
+}
+
+llgo=$(require_tool llgo "${LLGO:-}" llgo)
+objcopy=$(require_tool llvm-objcopy "${LLVM_OBJCOPY:-}" llvm-objcopy llvm-objcopy-19)
+dwarfutil=$(require_tool llvm-dwarfutil "${LLVM_DWARFUTIL:-}" llvm-dwarfutil llvm-dwarfutil-19)
+dwarfdump=$(require_tool llvm-dwarfdump "${LLVM_DWARFDUMP:-}" llvm-dwarfdump llvm-dwarfdump-19)
+gdb=$(require_tool GDB "${LLGO_GDB:-}" gdb-multiarch arm-none-eabi-gdb gdb)
+lldb=$(require_tool LLDB "${LLGO_LLDB:-}" lldb-19 lldb)
+qemu=$(require_tool qemu-system-arm "${LLGO_QEMU_SYSTEM_ARM:-}" qemu-system-arm)
+
+debug_elf="$tmp_dir/embedded-debug.elf"
+stripped_elf="$tmp_dir/embedded-stripped.elf"
+debug_bin="$tmp_dir/embedded-debug.bin"
+stripped_bin="$tmp_dir/embedded-stripped.bin"
+verified_elf="$tmp_dir/embedded-verified.elf"
+source_file="$script_dir/C/c.go"
+break_line=$(awk '/LLGO_EMBEDDED_DEBUG_BREAK/ { print NR; exit }' "$source_file")
+if [[ -z "$break_line" ]]; then
+	echo "embedded debug breakpoint marker not found" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+(
+	cd "$script_dir"
+	LLGO_ROOT="$repo_root" "$llgo" build -O0 -target=cortex-m-qemu \
+		-debug-artifact=host -ldflags=-w=false -o "$debug_elf" .
+)
+
+# Debug sections are host-only. Stripping them from the same final ELF must not
+# alter the bytes that are loaded into target flash.
+"$objcopy" --strip-debug "$debug_elf" "$stripped_elf"
+"$objcopy" -O binary "$debug_elf" "$debug_bin"
+"$objcopy" -O binary "$stripped_elf" "$stripped_bin"
+cmp "$debug_bin" "$stripped_bin"
+
+# LLD section GC leaves tombstone DIEs for discarded functions. Verify a
+# garbage-collected copy because LLVM 19 dwarfutil drops live global-variable
+# DIEs as well; the original artifact below remains the debugger input.
+"$dwarfutil" --garbage-collection --verify "$debug_elf" "$verified_elf"
+"$dwarfdump" --verify "$verified_elf"
+
+gdb_port=$(free_port)
+start_qemu "$gdb_port"
+if ! gdb_output=$("$gdb" --nx --quiet --batch "$debug_elf" \
+	-ex "set pagination off" \
+	-ex "set confirm off" \
+	-ex "target remote 127.0.0.1:$gdb_port" \
+	-ex "break $source_file:$break_line" \
+	-ex "continue" \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_SEED=%d\\n", seed' \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_PAIR=%d,%d\\n", pair.Left, pair.Right' \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_VALUES=%d,%d,%d\\n", values[0], values[1], values[2]' \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_TEXT_LEN=%u\\n", text.len' \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_RESULT=%d\\n", result' \
+	-ex 'printf "LLGO_SINK=%d\\n", DebugSink' \
+	-ex "backtrace" 2>&1); then
+	printf '%s\n' "$gdb_output" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+stop_qemu
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_SEED=7"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_PAIR=7,8"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_VALUES=9,10,11"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_TEXT_LEN=8"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_RESULT=33"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "LLGO_SINK=33"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "Reset_Handler"
+assert_contains "$gdb_output" "C/c.go:$break_line"
+
+lldb_port=$(free_port)
+start_qemu "$lldb_port"
+if ! lldb_output=$("$lldb" --batch "$debug_elf" \
+	-o "gdb-remote 127.0.0.1:$lldb_port" \
+	-o "target modules load --file $debug_elf --slide 0" \
+	-o "breakpoint set --file c.go --line $break_line" \
+	-o "continue" \
+	-o "frame variable seed pair values text result" \
+	-o "target variable DebugSink" \
+	-o "thread backtrace" 2>&1); then
+	printf '%s\n' "$lldb_output" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+stop_qemu
+if [[ "$lldb_output" == *"Traceback (most recent call last)"* ]]; then
+	printf '%s\n' "$lldb_output" >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "seed = 7"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "Left = 7"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "Right = 8"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "result = 33"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "DebugSink = 33"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "Reset_Handler"
+assert_contains "$lldb_output" "c.go:$break_line"
+
+echo "embedded GDB Remote and LLDB gdb-remote checks passed"
diff --git a/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile.go b/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile.go
index 46916a96dc..42b147ecc8 100644
--- a/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile.go
+++ b/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile.go
@@ -36,11 +36,12 @@ type Export struct {
 	ClangRoot    string   // Root directory of custom clang installation
 	ClangBinPath string   // Path to clang binary directory
 
-	LLVMTarget   string // LLVM Target
-	TargetABI    string // RISC-V Target ABI (e.g., "lp64", "lp64d")
-	BinaryFormat string // Binary format (e.g., "elf", "esp", "uf2")
-	FormatDetail string // For uf2, it's uf2FamilyID
-	Emulator     string // Emulator command template (e.g., "qemu-system-arm -M {} -kernel {}")
+	LLVMTarget   string   // LLVM Target
+	TargetABI    string   // RISC-V Target ABI (e.g., "lp64", "lp64d")
+	BinaryFormat string   // Binary format (e.g., "elf", "esp", "uf2")
+	FormatDetail string   // For uf2, it's uf2FamilyID
+	Emulator     string   // Emulator command template (e.g., "qemu-system-arm -M {} -kernel {}")
+	GDB          []string // GDB command candidates in preference order
 	DebugInfo    DebugInfoPolicy
 
 	// Flashing/Debugging configuration
@@ -536,6 +537,7 @@ func UseTarget(targetName string, level optlevel.Level, ltoMode lto.Mode) (expor
 	export.BinaryFormat = config.BinaryFormat
 	export.FormatDetail = config.FormatDetail()
 	export.Emulator = config.Emulator
+	export.GDB = append([]string(nil), config.GDB...)
 	export.DebugInfo = targetDebugInfoPolicy(config.Linker, config.LLVMTarget)
 
 	// Set flashing/debugging configuration
diff --git a/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile_test.go b/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile_test.go
index 7bbe5c5628..ed78e93708 100644
--- a/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile_test.go
+++ b/internal/crosscompile/crosscompile_test.go
@@ -181,6 +181,7 @@ func TestUseTarget(t *testing.T) {
 		expectLLVM  string
 		expectCPU   string
 		expectMarch string
+		expectGDB   []string
 	}{
 		// FIXME(MeteorsLiu): wasi in useTarget
 		// {
@@ -196,6 +197,7 @@ func TestUseTarget(t *testing.T) {
 			expectError: false,
 			expectLLVM:  "thumbv6m-unknown-unknown-eabi",
 			expectCPU:   "cortex-m0plus",
+			expectGDB:   []string{"gdb-multiarch", "arm-none-eabi-gdb", "gdb"},
 		},
 		{
 			name:        "Cortex-M Target",
@@ -257,6 +259,9 @@ func TestUseTarget(t *testing.T) {
 			if !slices.Equal(export.DebugInfo.OmitLinkFlags, []string{"-S"}) {
 				t.Fatalf("target %s debug omission flags = %v, want [-S]", tc.targetName, export.DebugInfo.OmitLinkFlags)
 			}
+			if tc.expectGDB != nil && !slices.Equal(export.GDB, tc.expectGDB) {
+				t.Fatalf("target %s GDB candidates = %v, want %v", tc.targetName, export.GDB, tc.expectGDB)
+			}
 
 			// Check if LLVM target is in CCFLAGS
 			if tc.expectLLVM != "" {