diff --git a/nix/lib/aspects/fx/handlers/emit-classes.nix b/nix/lib/aspects/fx/handlers/emit-classes.nix
index 6fe51c784..d6dca19f4 100644
--- a/nix/lib/aspects/fx/handlers/emit-classes.nix
+++ b/nix/lib/aspects/fx/handlers/emit-classes.nix
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ let
   inherit (den.lib) fx;
   inherit (den.lib.aspects.fx) identity;
   inherit (den.lib.aspects.fx.contentUtil) unwrapContentValuesList;
+  inherit (den.lib.schemaUtil) schemaEntityKindsSet;
 
   inherit (den.lib.aspects.fx.aspect) ctxFromHandlers;
 
@@ -20,6 +21,40 @@ let
     (resolvedArgs != [ ] && builtins.any (ak: ctx ? ${ak}) resolvedArgs)
     || (aspect.meta.contextDependent or false);
 
+  # Entity kinds a class-content module NAMES as function args AND that are
+  # present in the emitting scope's context. Such content is per-instance of
+  # those entities: key its identity by them so it neither over-collapses nor
+  # over-fans.
+  #   - `nixos = { user, ... }:`  → keyed {user=<u>}  → fans per user (the bug
+  #     this fixes: a static user-scoped aspect's host-class content used to
+  #     collapse N users → 1 at the shared host merge).
+  #   - `nixos = { host, ... }:`  → keyed {host=<h>}  → dedups across every scope
+  #     the aspect is delivered from (host scope + the user scopes it reaches via
+  #     home content), so host-targeted content stays one module.
+  #   - `nixos = { persist, ... }:` / `_:` (no entity kind) → no suffix → singular
+  #     (shared infra aspects like impermanence keep deduping; no double option
+  #     declaration).
+  # Relies on the emit ctx being the authoritative scope context (see handler) —
+  # otherwise `ctx ? <kind>` is unreliable and the keying is path-dependent.
+  namedEntityArgs =
+    ctx: module:
+    if builtins.isFunction module then
+      builtins.filter (a: (schemaEntityKindsSet ? ${a}) && (ctx ? ${a})) (
+        builtins.attrNames (builtins.functionArgs module)
+      )
+    else
+      [ ];
+
+  # Per-instance identity suffix for the named entity kinds, e.g.
+  # "/{host=cortex,user=sini}". Empty when the content names no entity kind.
+  # attrNames is already sorted, so the suffix is deterministic.
+  entityIdSuffix =
+    ctx: args:
+    if args == [ ] then
+      ""
+    else
+      "/{" + lib.concatStringsSep "," (map (a: "${a}=${ctx.${a}.name or "?"}") args) + "}";
+
   emitClassEntry =
     {
       class,
@@ -50,16 +85,22 @@ let
       isMulti = builtins.length modules > 1;
       mkEntry =
         idx: module:
+        let
+          entityArgs = namedEntityArgs ctx module;
+          baseId = if isMulti then "${nodeIdentity}[${toString idx}]" else nodeIdentity;
+        in
         emitClassEntry {
           class = k;
-          identity = if isMulti then "${nodeIdentity}[${toString idx}]" else nodeIdentity;
+          identity = baseId + entityIdSuffix ctx entityArgs;
           inherit
             module
             ctx
             aspectPolicy
             globalPolicy
             ;
-          isContextDependent = contextDep;
+          # Content naming an entity kind is per-instance ⇒ keep the {…} suffix
+          # through identity computation (wrap-classes.nix finalIdentity).
+          isContextDependent = contextDep || entityArgs != [ ];
         };
     in
     fx.seq (lib.imap0 mkEntry modules);
@@ -93,7 +134,27 @@ in
         classKeys = param.classKeys;
         pipeKeys = param.pipeKeys or [ ];
         nodeIdentity = param.identity;
-        ctx = ctxFromHandlers (aspect.__scopeHandlers or { });
+        # Authoritative emit context: the scope's own context from pipeline state
+        # (host + any descendant entity bindings), the SAME source bind.nix reads
+        # — not the per-aspect `__scopeHandlers`, which is only populated for
+        # parametric aspects / propagated includes and is ABSENT for a static
+        # aspect on a static include chain (→ empty ctx → path-dependent identity
+        # and the N→1 host-class collapse). The aspect's own handlers (fan-out
+        # child bindings) layer on top so they still win. Child scopes only; the
+        # root scope keeps the historic handler-only path (byte-stable).
+        currentScope = state.currentScope or null;
+        rootScopeId = state.rootScopeId or null;
+        isChildScope = currentScope != null && rootScopeId != null && currentScope != rootScopeId;
+        scopeCtx =
+          if isChildScope then
+            let
+              ctxs = (state.scopeContexts or (_: { })) null;
+              entityCls = ((state.scopeEntityClass or (_: { })) null).${currentScope} or null;
+            in
+            (ctxs.${currentScope} or { }) // lib.optionalAttrs (entityCls != null) { class = entityCls; }
+          else
+            { };
+        ctx = scopeCtx // ctxFromHandlers (aspect.__scopeHandlers or { });
         aspectPolicy = aspect.meta.collisionPolicy or null;
         globalPolicy = den.config.classModuleCollisionPolicy or "error";
         contextDep = isContextDep aspect ctx;
diff --git a/templates/ci/modules/features/user-scoped-host-class-fanout.nix b/templates/ci/modules/features/user-scoped-host-class-fanout.nix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e895dadfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/ci/modules/features/user-scoped-host-class-fanout.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Regression: a STATIC (constant-name) aspect included via den.schema.user.includes
+# whose host-class (nixos) content NAMES `user` must fan PER-USER. Its content
+# merges into the single shared host config, so without per-content keying it
+# collapses N users → 1 (dedupByKey on a sid-free aspect identity) and all but
+# one user's content is dropped before evaluation. The fix keys class content by
+# the entity kinds its function NAMES (emit-classes.nix): naming `user` ⇒ per-user
+# identity. Content that names NO entity kind stays singular (shared infra aspects
+# like impermanence keep deduping) — exercised throughout the rest of the suite.
+{ denTest, ... }:
+{
+  flake.tests.user-scoped-host-class-fanout = {
+
+    # Two users on one host. A static user-include sets per-user SYSTEM config
+    # (environment.etc keyed by user.name). BOTH must materialize on the host.
+    test-static-user-include-nixos-fans-per-user = denTest (
+      {
+        den,
+        igloo,
+        lib,
+        ...
+      }:
+      {
+        den.hosts.x86_64-linux.igloo.users = {
+          tux = { };
+          pingu = { };
+        };
+
+        # Static aspect: same identity for every user. Its nixos content names
+        # `user`, so it must key per-user rather than collapse to one identity.
+        den.aspects.per-user-probe.nixos =
+          { user, ... }:
+          {
+            environment.etc."probe-${user.name}".text = "user=${user.name}";
+          };
+        den.schema.user.includes = [ den.aspects.per-user-probe ];
+
+        expr = lib.sort (a: b: a < b) (
+          builtins.filter (n: lib.hasPrefix "probe-" n) (builtins.attrNames igloo.environment.etc)
+        );
+        # Pre-fix this was a single entry (one arbitrary user won the dedup).
+        expected = [
+          "probe-pingu"
+          "probe-tux"
+        ];
+      }
+    );
+
+    # The per-user content closes over the RIGHT user (no cross-user leakage):
+    # each probe's text reflects its own user, not the survivor's.
+    test-per-user-content-binds-own-user = denTest (
+      {
+        den,
+        igloo,
+        ...
+      }:
+      {
+        den.hosts.x86_64-linux.igloo.users = {
+          tux = { };
+          pingu = { };
+        };
+
+        den.aspects.per-user-probe.nixos =
+          { user, ... }:
+          {
+            environment.etc."probe-${user.name}".text = "user=${user.name}";
+          };
+        den.schema.user.includes = [ den.aspects.per-user-probe ];
+
+        expr = {
+          tux = igloo.environment.etc."probe-tux".text;
+          pingu = igloo.environment.etc."probe-pingu".text;
+        };
+        expected = {
+          tux = "user=tux";
+          pingu = "user=pingu";
+        };
+      }
+    );
+
+  };
+}