notes.json

[
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "All",
    "title": "Bipolar & Lithium Mastery",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Manic Episode: Sleeping little (>1wk), pressured speech.\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Lithium Toxicity: Precipitated by Advil (NSAIDs). Use Aspirin.\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Dialysis if Level >4."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "All",
    "title": "Personality Disorders",
    "content": "• Cluster A (Weird): Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal.\n• Cluster B (Wild): Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic.\n• Cluster C (Worried): Avoidant, OCPD."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "All",
    "title": "APGAR & Birth Injuries",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> APGAR: 1 min (tolerance), 5 min (resuscitation). NOT a neuro predictor.\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Erb-Duchenne (C5-C6): Waiters tip position.\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Clavicular Fracture: No tx needed."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "CHA2DS2-VASc Score | Stroke Risk",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Used for Atrial Fibrillation anticoagulation.\n<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-left:5px solid #0077cc; margin:10px 0; border-radius:5px;'>\n<b>1 Point:</b> CHF, HTN, DM, Vascular disease, Age 65-74, Female.<br>\n<b>2 Points:</b> Age ≥75, Prior Stroke/TIA.\n</div>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Score ≥2 (Male) or ≥3 (Female) → Start Anticoagulants."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Centor Score | Strep Pharyngitis",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Criteria to treat sore throat.\n<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:10px 0;'>\n<tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Cough?</td><td>NONE (1 pt)</td></tr>\n<tr><td>Exudates?</td><td>YES (1 pt)</td></tr>\n<tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Nodes?</td><td>Tender LN (1 pt)</td></tr>\n<tr><td>Fever?</td><td>>38°C (1 pt)</td></tr>\n</table>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Score 4+ → Penicillin. Score 2-3 → Rapid Test."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Master Screening Guidelines (MCCQE1)",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>Colon Cancer:</span> Age 50-75 (Colonoscopy q10y).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Breast Cancer:</span> Mammogram starts @40 (Yearly).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Cervical Cancer:</span> Pap Smear Ages 21-65 (q3y).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Lung Cancer:</span> Age 55 (Low-dose CT) if 30 pack-year smoker.\n• <span class='hl-green'>AAA:</span> Age 65 (One-time US) for male smokers.\n• <span class='hl-blue'>DEXA Scan:</span> Starts @65 for Osteoporosis."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Pharmacology",
    "title": "LAME Rule for Cephalosporins",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>Warning:</span> Cephalosporins do NOT cover:\n<div style='background:#fff5f5; color:#c53030; padding:10px; border-radius:8px; border:1px solid #feb2b2;'>\n<b>L</b> - Listeria | <b>A</b> - Atypicals | <b>M</b> - MRSA | <b>E</b> - Enterococcus\n</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "Bipolar & Lithium Mastery",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Manic Episode: Sleeping little (>1wk), pressured speech.\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Lithium Toxicity: Precipitated by Advil (NSAIDs). Use Aspirin.\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Dialysis if Level >4."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Personality",
    "title": "Personality Disorders",
    "content": "• Cluster A (Weird): Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal.\n• Cluster B (Wild): Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic.\n• Cluster C (Worried): Avoidant, OCPD."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Neonatology",
    "title": "APGAR & Birth Injuries",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> APGAR: 1 min (tolerance), 5 min (resuscitation). NOT a neuro predictor.\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Erb-Duchenne (C5-C6): Waiter's tip position.\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Clavicular Fracture: No tx needed."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "CHA2DS2-VASc Score | Stroke Risk in AF",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Used for Atrial Fibrillation anticoagulation.\n<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-left:5px solid #0077cc; margin:10px 0; border-radius:5px;'><b>1 Point:</b> CHF, HTN, DM, Vascular disease, Age 65-74, Female.<br><b>2 Points:</b> Age ≥75, Prior Stroke/TIA.</div>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Score ≥2 (Male) or ≥3 (Female) → Start Anticoagulants."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Centor Score | Strep Pharyngitis",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Criteria to treat sore throat.\n<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:10px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Cough?</td><td>NONE (1 pt)</td></tr><tr><td>Exudates?</td><td>YES (1 pt)</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Nodes?</td><td>Tender LN (1 pt)</td></tr><tr><td>Fever?</td><td>>38°C (1 pt)</td></tr></table>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Score 4+ → Penicillin. Score 2-3 → Rapid Test."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Master Screening Guidelines (MCCQE1)",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>Colon Cancer:</span> Age 50-75 (Colonoscopy q10y).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Breast Cancer:</span> Mammogram starts @40 (Yearly).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Cervical Cancer:</span> Pap Smear Ages 21-65 (q3y).\n• <span class='hl-green'>Lung Cancer:</span> Age 55 (Low-dose CT) if 30 pack-year smoker.\n• <span class='hl-green'>AAA:</span> Age 65 (One-time US) for male smokers.\n• <span class='hl-blue'>DEXA Scan:</span> Starts @65 for Osteoporosis."
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Pharmacology",
    "title": "LAME Rule for Cephalosporins",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>Warning:</span> Cephalosporins do NOT cover:\n<div style='background:#fff5f5; color:#c53030; padding:10px; border-radius:8px; border:1px solid #feb2b2;'><b>L</b> - Listeria | <b>A</b> - Atypicals | <b>M</b> - MRSA | <b>E</b> - Enterococcus</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Abdominal Pain – Red Flags",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>Weight loss</span> → GI Malignancy\n• <span class='hl-red'>Pain to back</span> → Pancreatitis / AAA\n• <span class='hl-red'>Pain central then RLQ</span> → Appendicitis\n• <span class='hl-red'>Pain to groin (male)</span> → Testicular Torsion / Renal Colic\n• <span class='hl-red'>Blood PR</span> → GI bleed / Malignancy\n• <span class='hl-red'>Shock</span> → Perforated viscus / Hemorrhage / Sepsis\n<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-left:4px solid red; margin:8px 0; border-radius:5px;'><b>IBS (Manning ≥3):</b> Pain relief with BM · Loose stools with pain · Mucus · Incomplete evacuation · Abdominal distension</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Anxiety",
    "title": "Anxiety Disorders – Types & Treatment",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>GAD:</span> Worry >6 months + fatigue + irritability + insomnia\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Panic Disorder:</span> Unexpected episodes, peak at 10 min\n• <span class='hl-blue'>PTSD:</span> Trauma → flashbacks + nightmares + avoidance\n• <span class='hl-blue'>OCD:</span> Obsessions (thoughts) + Compulsions (rituals)\n<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-left:4px solid #0077cc; margin:8px 0; border-radius:5px;'><b>Tx:</b> GAD → SSRI/SNRI + CBT<br>Phobia/PD → SSRI + prn anxiolytics<br>PTSD/OCD → SSRI/TCA + CBT<br>CBT: 6-8 sessions over 8-12 weeks</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Asthma – Diagnosis & Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Airflow obstruction + Reversibility + No alternative Dx\n• <span class='hl-green'>Good control:</span> No daytime sx, FEV1 >90%, &lt;4 SABA/wk\n• <span class='hl-green'>First-line:</span> PRN SABA (salbutamol) + ICS for ALL\n• <span class='hl-green'>Step up:</span> Increase ICS → Add LABA or Leukotriene antagonist\n• <span class='hl-red'>Exacerbation:</span> Prednisone 50mg x5d (adults) | 1-2mg/kg x5d (kids)\n• <span class='hl-red'>Emergency:</span> O2 + Salbutamol + Steroids if SaO2 &lt;94% ± Ipratropium ± MgSO4"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Cancer Screening – Canadian Task Force",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-left:4px solid green; margin:8px 0; border-radius:5px;'>\n✅ <b>Breast:</b> Mammography q2-3y → Age 50-74<br>\n✅ <b>Cervical:</b> PAP q3y → Age 25-69<br>\n✅ <b>Colorectal:</b> FIT q2y OR Flex Sig q10y → Age 50-74<br>\n✅ <b>Lung:</b> LDCT Annual x3y → Age 50-74 + ≥30 pack-year<br>\n❌ <b>Ovarian:</b> Pelvic exam NOT recommended<br>\n⚠️ <b>Prostate PSA:</b> Weak recommendation Age 55-69 only</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Chest Pain – Emergency Diagnoses",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>STEMI:</span> ASA + O2 + Nitro + Morphine + β-blocker + Heparin → PCI\n• <span class='hl-red'>PE Wells Score:</span> >6 High risk → CT Pulm Angio | Low/Mod → D-Dimer first\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Pericarditis:</span> ASA first-line → NSAIDs → Steroids\n• <span class='hl-red'>Aortic Dissection:</span> CXR + ECG + TEE/CT → Urgent surgical consult + BP control\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Pneumothorax:</span> Heimlich valve | Chest tube if >20% collapse"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Ophthalmology",
    "title": "Conjunctivitis – Types & Treatment",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Viral:</span> Tearing, bilateral, pre-auricular LN, self-limited (Adenovirus)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Allergic:</span> Itching, stringy discharge, bilateral, seasonal\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Bacterial:</span> Crusty discharge throughout day, lid sticking\n• <span class='hl-red'>Hyperacute &lt;24hr</span> → Gonorrhea → urgent Rx!\n<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>Tx:</b> Viral: cold compresses | Allergic: Olopatadine 0.1% | Bacterial adults: Moxifloxacin QID x7-10d | Peds: Ciprofloxacin 0.5% QID<br><span style='color:red;'>❌ NEVER steroids alone</span></div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Gastroenteritis – Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>MCC:</span> Rotavirus (kids), Norovirus (adults)\n• <span class='hl-red'>Bloody diarrhea</span> → invasive pathogen → stool culture\n<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>Dehydration Tx:</b><br>None/Mild → ORT (Pedialyte) 20mL/kg/hr<br>Severe → 0.9% NaCl 20mL/kg IV bolus x3</div>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Ondansetron:</span> 0.15mg/kg PO once (>6 months)\n• <span class='hl-red'>Antibiotics ONLY for:</span> Shigella, C.diff, S.typhi, E.histolytica"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "ENT",
    "title": "Otitis Media (AOM) – Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Effusion + Inflammation + Acute onset\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Pathogens:</span> S.pneumo, H.influenzae, M.catarrhalis\n<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>ALWAYS treat if:</b> Age &lt;6mo | Ruptured TM | Bilateral AOM ≤23mo | Fever >39°C | Unwell >48hr</div>\n• <span class='hl-green'>First-line:</span> Amoxicillin 45mg/kg/d BID x5-10d\n• <span class='hl-green'>PCN allergy:</span> Ceftriaxone 50mg/kg IM x3d"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "ENT",
    "title": "Sinusitis – Viral vs Bacterial",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Viral (98%):</span> Treat symptomatically\n• <span class='hl-red'>Bacterial if:</span> No improvement after 10 days OR worsening after initial improvement\n• <span class='hl-green'>Acute Tx:</span> Amoxicillin 0.5-1g TID x5-7d\n• <span class='hl-green'>Chronic (>12wks):</span> Amoxicillin-clavulanate 875mg BID x3wks\n• ❌ Antihistamines and systemic steroids NOT recommended"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "ENT",
    "title": "Sore Throat – Centor Score & GAS",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>Centor Criteria (1 pt each):</b><br>• Tonsillar exudate | Tender anterior LN | Fever >38°C | Absent cough<br>• Age 3-14 (+1) | Age ≥45 (-1)<br>→ Score ≥2: RADT or throat culture</div>\n• <span class='hl-green'>GAS Tx:</span> Penicillin VK 600mg BID x10d\n• <span class='hl-green'>PCN allergy:</span> Cephalexin / Clindamycin / Azithromycin\n• <span class='hl-red'>🚨 Drooling + Muffled voice</span> → Epiglottitis!\n• <span class='hl-red'>🚨 Unilateral uvular deviation</span> → Peritonsillar abscess!"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Urology",
    "title": "UTI – Diagnosis & Treatment",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>MCC:</span> E. coli (75-95%)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Uncomplicated (female):</span> Dysuria + Frequency + Urgency (≥2 sx)\n• <span class='hl-green'>Uncomplicated Tx:</span> Nitrofurantoin 100mg BID x5d\n• <span class='hl-green'>Complicated Tx:</span> Cefixime 400mg daily x10d\n• <span class='hl-red'>Pyelonephritis:</span> Hospitalize if unwell + IV antibiotics\n• ⚠️ <b>Asymptomatic bacteriuria:</b> ONLY treat if pregnant or pre-procedure"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "STIs – Quick Summary",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'>\n• <b>BV:</b> Grey d/c + fishy odor + clue cells → Metronidazole 500mg BID x7d<br>\n• <b>Candida:</b> Cottage-cheese + pruritis → Fluconazole 150mg PO once<br>\n• <b>Trichomonas:</b> Yellow frothy d/c → Metronidazole 2g PO once<br>\n• <b>Gonorrhea:</b> Cefixime 800mg + Chlamydia coverage<br>\n• <b>Chlamydia:</b> Azithromycin 1g once OR Doxycycline 100mg BID x7d<br>\n• <b>Syphilis:</b> Painless chancre → Benzathine PCN G 2.4MU IM once<br>\n• <b>HSV:</b> Grouped vesicles → Valacyclovir\n</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Contraception",
    "title": "Contraception – Key Rules",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>&lt;6 wks postpartum / breastfeeding</span> → No estrogen → IUD / DMPA / Mini-pill\n• <span class='hl-red'>Women >35 who smoke</span> → Avoid combined OCP\n• <span class='hl-red'>Low bone density</span> → Avoid DMPA\n• <span class='hl-green'>Emergency (within 5 days):</span> Plan B (LNG) OR Copper IUD (most effective)"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "COPD – Diagnosis & Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> FEV1/FVC &lt;0.7 post-bronchodilator\n• <span class='hl-green'>GOLD Stage 3 (FEV1 35%):</span> LABA + ICS combination\n• <span class='hl-red'>Exacerbation:</span> Bronchodilators + Prednisone 40mg x5d + Antibiotics if bacterial\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Risk factor:</span> Smoking (#1) + Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Headache – Red Flags & Migraine Tx",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:8px; border-left:4px solid red; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>🚨 Red Flags:</b><br>• Thunderclap → SAH → CT then LP<br>• Fever + Meningismus → Meningitis<br>• Jaw claudication + tender temporal artery → Temporal Arteritis → ESR + Steroids!<br>• Focal neuro signs → Mass/Stroke<br>• Red eye + fixed mid-dilated pupil → Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma</div>\n<b>Migraine Tx:</b> NSAIDs → Triptans → Prochlorperazine IV<br>\n<b>Prevention:</b> β-blockers (propranolol) | Valproate | Amitriptyline"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Hypertension – Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>First-line:</span> ACEi/ARB, CCB, or Thiazide\n• <span class='hl-blue'>DM + CKD:</span> ACEi/ARB (renoprotective)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Heart failure:</span> ACEi + β-blocker + Spironolactone\n• <span class='hl-red'>Pregnancy HTN:</span> Labetalol, Hydralazine, Nifedipine\n• ❌ NO ACEi/ARB in pregnancy"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrine",
    "title": "Type 2 Diabetes – Treatment",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>First-line:</span> Metformin\n• <span class='hl-green'>CVD or CKD:</span> Add SGLT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin) or GLP-1 RA\n• <span class='hl-blue'>HbA1c target:</span> &lt;7% (most patients)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>SGLT2 benefits:</span> ↓ CV death, ↓ HF hospitalizations, ↓ CKD progression\n• ❌ Avoid Metformin if eGFR &lt;30"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Prenatal Care – High-Yield Points",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'>\n• <span class='hl-red'>Severe Preeclampsia:</span> Hospitalize + Antihypertensives + Corticosteroids (fetal lungs)<br>\n• <span class='hl-red'>HELLP:</span> ↑LDH + ↑LFTs + ↓Platelets → Deliver!<br>\n• <span class='hl-blue'>GDM First-line:</span> Diet + glucose monitoring → Insulin if targets not met<br>\n• <span class='hl-red'>Placental Abruption:</span> Painful bleeding → C-section if fetal distress<br>\n• ✅ Tdap in pregnancy | ❌ MMR (live) | ❌ Varicella (live)\n</div>"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "Depression – Diagnosis & Treatment",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Screen:</span> PHQ-9 for diagnosis and monitoring\n• <span class='hl-green'>First-line:</span> SSRI + CBT (combination superior for moderate-severe)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Bupropion:</span> Avoid in eating disorders / seizures\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Mirtazapine:</span> Good for insomnia + poor appetite\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Sertraline:</span> Safest in pregnancy and elderly"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Palliative",
    "title": "Pain Management – WHO Ladder",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>WHO Ladder:</b><br>Step 1: Non-opioids (NSAIDs, Acetaminophen)<br>Step 2: Mild opioids (Codeine, Tramadol)<br>Step 3: Strong opioids (Morphine, Oxycodone)</div>\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Neuropathic pain:</span> Gabapentin / Pregabalin / TCAs / SNRIs\n• <span class='hl-red'>⚠️ ALWAYS co-prescribe laxative with opioids</span>\n• Constipation from opioids NEVER resolves on its own\n• <span class='hl-green'>Overdose:</span> Naloxone for respiratory depression"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Orthopedics",
    "title": "Low Back Pain – Red Flags (TUNA FISH)",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:8px; border-left:4px solid red; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>🚨 Red Flags:</b><br>T - Trauma / age >50<br>U - Unexplained weight loss → Cancer<br>N - Neurological deficit<br>A - Ankylosing Spondylitis (young male, morning stiffness)<br>F - Fever / IV drug use → Osteomyelitis / Epidural abscess<br>I - Incontinence + saddle anesthesia → <b>Cauda Equina → EMERGENCY MRI!</b><br>S - Steroid use → Fracture<br>H - Hx of cancer → Metastasis</div>\n• ❌ NO imaging in first 6 weeks without red flags"
  },
  {
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Menopause",
    "title": "Menopause – HRT & Osteoporosis",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> 12 months without menses (avg age 52)\n• <span class='hl-green'>HRT:</span> Conjugated estrogens OR transdermal 17β-Estradiol\n• ⚠️ Add progestin if intact uterus (prevent endometrial cancer)\n<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:8px; border-radius:5px; margin:8px 0;'><b>HRT Contraindications:</b> VTE | CAD | Breast/uterine cancer | Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding</div>\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Non-hormonal:</span> SSRIs/SNRIs, clonidine, gabapentin\n• <span class='hl-green'>Osteoporosis:</span> Ca²⁺ >1500mg/d + Vit D >800IU/d + Bisphosphonates if high-risk"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-C01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "🫀 Acute MI - High Yield",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>ECG within 10 min</span> → First step always\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Aspirin immediately + Troponin confirms\n• Most sensitive marker: <span class='hl-blue'>Troponin</span> (rises 3-4h, stays 10 days)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-C02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "💓 Atrial Fibrillation - High Yield",
    "content": "• Most common arrhythmia\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Rate control → Anticoagulation\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Stroke prevention:</span> DOAC or Warfarin"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-C03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "🩺 Aortic Stenosis - High Yield",
    "content": "• Classic symptoms: <span class='hl-red'>Syncope, Angina, Dyspnea</span>\n• Murmur: <span class='hl-blue'>Systolic crescendo-decrescendo</span>\n• Mnemonic: SAD = Syncope Angina Dyspnea"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-C04",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "💧 Cardiac Tamponade - Beck Triad",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Beck Triad = Hypotension + JVD + Muffled heart sounds\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Pericardiocentesis\n• ECG: Electrical alternans"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-R01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respiratory",
    "title": "🫁 COPD Oxygen Target",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Target: 88-92%</span> (NOT 100%)\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> High O₂ → CO₂ retention → hypercapnic failure\n• Exacerbation #1 cause: Infection"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-R02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respiratory",
    "title": "🩻 Pulmonary Embolism - High Yield",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> CT pulmonary angiography (stable patient)\n• If unstable: <span class='hl-red'>Immediate thrombolysis</span>\n• ECG sign: S1Q3T3"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-R03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respiratory",
    "title": "🦠 Pneumonia Organisms",
    "content": "• CAP most common: <span class='hl-blue'>Streptococcus pneumoniae</span>\n• Walking pneumonia: <span class='hl-green'>Mycoplasma</span> → Macrolide\n• Atypical: Legionella (AC exposure), Chlamydia"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-G01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Gastroenterology",
    "title": "🔥 Pancreatitis - High Yield",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Lipase (more specific than amylase)\n• Causes: <span class='hl-red'>Gallstones #1, Alcohol #2</span>\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> IV fluids first always"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-G02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Gastroenterology",
    "title": "🩸 Upper GI Bleeding",
    "content": "• Most common cause: <span class='hl-red'>Peptic ulcer disease</span>\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Endoscopy\n• H. pylori → PPI + triple therapy"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-G03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Gastroenterology",
    "title": "🎯 IBD - Crohn vs UC",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Crohn:</span> Transmural, skip lesions, any GI tract\n• <span class='hl-red'>UC:</span> Continuous, colon only, mucosal\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx flare:</span> Steroids"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-N01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "🧠 Stroke Management",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>First test:</span> CT head (rule out hemorrhage)\n• <span class='hl-green'>Thrombolysis window:</span> 4.5 hours\n• Contraindication: hemorrhagic stroke"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-N02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "🤝 Parkinson Disease",
    "content": "• Classic: <span class='hl-blue'>Resting tremor</span>, rigidity, bradykinesia\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Levodopa\n• Mnemonic: TRAP = Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-N03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "💥 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
    "content": "• Cause: <span class='hl-red'>Ruptured berry aneurysm</span>\n• Classic: Worst headache of life (thunderclap)\n• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> CT head → if negative → LP (xanthochromia)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PS01",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "😔 Major Depression",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>First line:</span> SSRIs (Sertraline, Fluoxetine)\n• Duration: minimum 6-9 months after remission\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Bupropion → no sexual SE, avoid seizure disorder"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PS02",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "⚡ Bipolar Disorder",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-green'>Mood stabilizer:</span> Lithium\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Lithium toxicity → tremor, ataxia, confusion (narrow TI)\n• Monitor: renal function + thyroid + levels"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PS03",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "General",
    "title": "🔄 Tardive Dyskinesia",
    "content": "• Cause: <span class='hl-red'>Chronic antipsychotic use</span>\n• Movements: lip smacking, tongue writhing\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Stop drug → Clozapine or VMAT2 inhibitors"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-E01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "🦋 Thyroid - High Yield",
    "content": "• Hyperthyroid cause: <span class='hl-red'>Graves disease</span> → Tx: Methimazole\n• Hypothyroid cause: <span class='hl-blue'>Hashimoto</span> → Tx: Levothyroxine\n• Nodule → <span class='hl-green'>FNA first</span>"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-E02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "🩺 Diabetes Diagnosis",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>HbA1c ≥ 6.5%</span> = Diabetes\n• HbA1c 5.7-6.4% = Prediabetes\n• Fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L OR random ≥ 11.1"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PD01",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Respiratory",
    "title": "🚨 Epiglottitis - Emergency",
    "content": "• Signs: <span class='hl-red'>Drooling, Stridor, Tripod position</span>\n• Cause: H. influenzae type B\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Secure airway FIRST + IV antibiotics\n• Do NOT examine throat!"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PD02",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "General",
    "title": "🍓 Kawasaki Disease",
    "content": "• Signs: <span class='hl-blue'>Strawberry tongue</span>, fever >5 days, rash, conjunctivitis\n• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> IVIG + Aspirin\n• <span class='hl-red'>Risk:</span> Coronary artery aneurysm"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-OB01",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "🤰 OB Emergencies",
    "content": "• PPH cause: <span class='hl-red'>Uterine atony</span> → Tx: Oxytocin\n• Preeclampsia: <span class='hl-green'>MgSO4</span> (seizure prevention)\n• Ectopic: <span class='hl-blue'>Methotrexate</span> (if stable, unruptured)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ID01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "🦠 ID High Yield",
    "content": "• Latent TB: PPD+ / normal CXR → <span class='hl-green'>Isoniazid x9mo</span>\n• Anaphylaxis: <span class='hl-red'>Epinephrine IM first</span>\n• Endocarditis: <span class='hl-blue'>S. aureus #1</span> organism"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PM01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive Medicine",
    "title": "🔍 Screening Guidelines",
    "content": "• Breast cancer: <span class='hl-blue'>Mammography</span>\n• Osteoporosis: <span class='hl-green'>DEXA scan</span>\n• Colon cancer: <span class='hl-red'>Colonoscopy</span> (gold standard)\n• Cervical: Pap smear q3y (age 21-65)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-BS01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Biostatistics",
    "title": "📊 Study Types - Quick Reference",
    "content": "• Cross-sectional → <span class='hl-blue'>Prevalence</span>\n• Case-control → <span class='hl-red'>Rare diseases</span> (retrospective)\n• Cohort → <span class='hl-green'>Incidence</span> (prospective)\n• RCT → Best evidence (gold standard)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-TOP10",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Top 10 High Yield",
    "title": "🏆 Top 10 MCCQE1 Must-Know",
    "content": "1. <span class='hl-red'>MI:</span> ECG → Aspirin → Troponin\n2. <span class='hl-blue'>COPD O2:</span> 88-92% target\n3. <span class='hl-blue'>Pancreatitis:</span> Lipase + IV fluids\n4. <span class='hl-blue'>PE:</span> CTPA (stable)\n5. <span class='hl-blue'>Stroke:</span> CT head → tPA ≤4.5h\n6. <span class='hl-red'>Epiglottitis:</span> Airway first!\n7. <span class='hl-green'>Kawasaki:</span> IVIG\n8. <span class='hl-green'>Colon:</span> Colonoscopy screen\n9. <span class='hl-green'>Thyroid nodule:</span> FNA\n10. <span class='hl-green'>Preeclampsia:</span> MgSO4"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Sore Throat – MCCQE1 Algorithm",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>STEP 1:</b> Apply Centor Score<br>• Fever >38°C<br>• No cough<br>• Tender anterior LN<br>• Tonsillar exudate<br><br><b>STEP 2:</b><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Score 0-1</td><td>No test, No antibiotics</td></tr><tr><td>Score 2-3</td><td>Rapid antigen test</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Score ≥4</td><td>Empiric antibiotics</td></tr></table></div>• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Penicillin V x10 days • <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Viral features → NO antibiotics"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Stroke – MCCQE1 Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>STEP 1:</b> CT head without contrast<br><b>STEP 2:</b> If hemorrhage → NO thrombolysis<br>If ischemic → assess timing<br><b>STEP 3:</b> ≤4.5 hours → thrombolysis if eligible</div>• <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Never give tPA before CT • <span class='hl-green'>Next:</span> Antiplatelet if not candidate"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Chest Pain – Emergency Algorithm",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-left:5px solid red; border-radius:6px;'><b>Always rule out:</b> MI • PE • Aortic dissection • Pneumothorax</div><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:8px;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>MI</td><td>ECG + Troponin → PCI</td></tr><tr><td>PE</td><td>Wells → CTPE</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Dissection</td><td>CT angiography</td></tr><tr><td>Pneumothorax</td><td>CXR → Chest tube</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-green'>First step:</span> ECG within 10 min"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG04",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Diabetes – MCCQE1 Escalation",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>STEP 1:</b> Lifestyle + Metformin<br><b>STEP 2:</b> Add SGLT2 or GLP-1 if CVD/CKD<br><b>STEP 3:</b> Add insulin if uncontrolled</div>• <span class='hl-blue'>Target HbA1c:</span> <7% • <span class='hl-red'>Avoid:</span> Metformin if eGFR <30"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG05",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Asthma – Stepwise Treatment",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>STEP 1:</b> PRN SABA + Low-dose ICS<br><b>STEP 2:</b> Increase ICS dose<br><b>STEP 3:</b> Add LABA</div>• <span class='hl-red'>Exacerbation:</span> Prednisone 50 mg x5 days • <span class='hl-green'>Goal:</span> No symptoms + normal FEV1"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG06",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "UTI – MCCQE1 Decision",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Uncomplicated</td><td>Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID x5d</td></tr><tr><td>Complicated</td><td>Cefixime x10d</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Pyelonephritis</td><td>IV antibiotics</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-red'>Do NOT treat:</span> Asymptomatic bacteriuria (except pregnancy)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG07",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Screening – Canadian High Yield",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'>• Breast: 50–74 q2-3y<br>• Cervical: 25–69 q3y<br>• Colon: FIT q2y or colonoscopy<br>• Lung: LDCT if high risk</div>• <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> No ovarian screening"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG08",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Headache – Red Flag Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Red flags:</b><br>• Thunderclap<br>• Fever<br>• Neuro deficit<br>• Age >50 new headache</div>• <span class='hl-green'>Next:</span> CT ± LP • <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not treat migraine before ruling out bleed"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG09",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "Depression – Treatment Ladder",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Mild:</b> CBT<br><b>Moderate:</b> SSRI<br><b>Severe:</b> SSRI + CBT</div>• <span class='hl-blue'>Duration:</span> 6-9 months after remission • <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always assess suicide risk"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-ALG10",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Anaphylaxis – Immediate Management",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>FIRST:</b> IM Epinephrine<br><b>Then:</b> Airway + Oxygen + IV fluids</div>• <span class='hl-green'>Adjunct:</span> Antihistamine + Steroids • <span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT delay epinephrine"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Atrial Fibrillation – Full Visual Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px; border-radius:8px;'><b>STEP 1: Diagnose</b><br>• Irregularly irregular rhythm<br>• No P waves on ECG</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px; border-radius:8px;'><b>STEP 2: Stability</b><br>Unstable → Immediate cardioversion<br>Stable → Rate control</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:8px;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Rate control</td><td>Beta-blocker / Diltiazem</td></tr><tr><td>Rhythm control</td><td>Cardioversion if indicated</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Stroke prevention</td><td>CHA2DS2-VASc</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'>• Anticoagulate if ≥2 (male) or ≥3 (female)</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT cardiovert if >48h without anticoagulation"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "COPD vs Asthma – High Yield Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td>Asthma</td><td>COPD</td></tr><tr><td>Age</td><td>Young</td><td>Older smoker</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Reversibility</td><td>YES</td><td>NO</td></tr><tr><td>Inflammation</td><td>Eosinophils</td><td>Neutrophils</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Tx</td><td>ICS first</td><td>LABA/LAMA</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'>COPD oxygen target: <b>88–92%</b></div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT give high O2 in COPD"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Shock – Visual Classification",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Type</td><td>Cause</td><td>Key Sign</td></tr><tr><td>Hypovolemic</td><td>Bleeding</td><td>Cold + low BP</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Cardiogenic</td><td>MI</td><td>JVD + pulmonary edema</td></tr><tr><td>Septic</td><td>Infection</td><td>Warm early</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Anaphylactic</td><td>Allergy</td><td>Airway + rash</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>First step in ALL shock: IV fluids</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Septic shock → antibiotics within 1 hour"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS04",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "DKA vs HHS – Comparison Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td>DKA</td><td>HHS</td></tr><tr><td>Glucose</td><td>↑</td><td>Very ↑</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Ketones</td><td>YES</td><td>NO</td></tr><tr><td>pH</td><td>Low</td><td>Normal</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Onset</td><td>Rapid</td><td>Slow</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Treatment: IV fluids → Insulin → Potassium</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always correct K+ before insulin if low"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS05",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Stroke Types – Visual Map",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'>Ischemic (85%) → clot → tPA if ≤4.5h</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Hemorrhagic → bleed → NO tPA</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:8px;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>First test</td><td>CT head</td></tr><tr><td>Next</td><td>Determine type</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Never delay CT"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS06",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Antibiotics – Spectrum Visual",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Gram + → Penicillin / Cephalosporins</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Gram - → Aminoglycosides / Fluoroquinolones</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Anaerobes → Metronidazole</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Cephalosporins DO NOT cover LAME (Listeria, Atypicals, MRSA, Enterococcus)"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS07",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Upper vs Lower GI Bleed",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td>Upper</td><td>Lower</td></tr><tr><td>Presentation</td><td>Melena</td><td>Hematochezia</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Cause</td><td>Ulcer</td><td>Diverticulosis</td></tr><tr><td>Dx</td><td>Endoscopy</td><td>Colonoscopy</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Unstable → Resuscitate FIRST</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS08",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Heart Sounds – Visual Summary",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>S1 → AV valves close</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>S2 → Semilunar valves close</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>S3 → Heart failure</div><div style='background:#ffe0e0; padding:10px;'>S4 → Stiff ventricle</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> S3 = volume overload"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS09",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Acid-Base Disorders – Quick Visual",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Type</td><td>pH</td><td>Cause</td></tr><tr><td>Metabolic acidosis</td><td>↓</td><td>DKA</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Resp acidosis</td><td>↓</td><td>COPD</td></tr><tr><td>Metabolic alkalosis</td><td>↑</td><td>Vomiting</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Resp alkalosis</td><td>↑</td><td>Anxiety</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always check compensation"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-VIS10",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Electrolytes – Life-Threatening Changes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Hyperkalemia → peaked T waves → calcium gluconate</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Hypokalemia → U waves → replace K</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Hyponatremia → confusion → slow correction</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Correct Na slowly to avoid osmotic demyelination"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-001",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Canadian Chest Pain Framework",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-left:5px solid #c53030; border-radius:6px;'><b>Never miss:</b> ACS · Aortic dissection · PE · Pericarditis · Pneumothorax · Esophageal rupture</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Diagnosis</b></td><td><b>Key clue</b></td><td><b>First move</b></td></tr><tr><td>ACS</td><td>Pressure, diaphoresis, radiation</td><td>ECG within 10 min + ASA</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>PE</td><td>Pleuritic pain, tachycardia, hypoxemia</td><td>Risk stratify → CTPA if indicated</td></tr><tr><td>Aortic dissection</td><td>Tearing pain to back, pulse deficit</td><td>Urgent imaging + BP control</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Pneumothorax</td><td>Unilateral breath sounds ↓</td><td>Decompress if tension</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> Pleuritic pain is not always PE. Use the whole picture."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-002",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "STEMI vs NSTEMI vs Unstable Angina",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>STEMI</b></td><td><b>NSTEMI</b></td><td><b>Unstable angina</b></td></tr><tr><td>ECG</td><td>ST elevation</td><td>ST depression/T inversion or normal</td><td>Often no biomarker rise</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Troponin</td><td>Positive</td><td>Positive</td><td>Negative</td></tr><tr><td>Main action</td><td>Immediate reperfusion</td><td>ACS protocol + risk stratify</td><td>ACS protocol</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Core first steps:</b> ECG · ASA · monitor · IV access · troponin</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-003",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Atrial Fibrillation – Canadian Exam Note",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Diagnosis:</b> Irregularly irregular rhythm + absent organized P waves</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Question</b></td><td><b>Answer</b></td></tr><tr><td>Unstable?</td><td>Synchronized cardioversion</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Stable?</td><td>Rate control first</td></tr><tr><td>Stroke prevention?</td><td>CHA2DS2-VASc</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Common rate drugs</td><td>Beta-blocker or diltiazem</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not jump to cardioversion in AF >48 h without thinking about anticoagulation and embolic risk."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-004",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Asthma – Canadian Step Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Asthma diagnosis needs:</b> variable symptoms + objective evidence of reversible airflow limitation</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Situation</b></td><td><b>Key action</b></td></tr><tr><td>Suspected asthma</td><td>Spirometry if possible</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Poor control</td><td>Check inhaler technique + adherence + triggers before stepping up</td></tr><tr><td>Exacerbation</td><td>SABA + steroids ± ipratropium ± O2</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> A normal exam does not rule out asthma between attacks."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-005",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "COPD – High Yield Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Asthma</b></td><td><b>COPD</b></td></tr><tr><td>Usual age</td><td>Younger</td><td>Older</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Smoking link</td><td>Not required</td><td>Strong</td></tr><tr><td>Reversibility</td><td>Marked</td><td>Persistent obstruction</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Baseline treatment idea</td><td>ICS-based</td><td>Bronchodilator-based</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Oxygen target in COPD exacerbation:</b> 88–92%</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-006",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Acute Stroke – Exam Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-left:5px solid #c53030; border-radius:6px;'><b>Stroke code:</b> sudden focal deficit = emergency</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Flow:</b><br>1. ABCs + glucose<br>2. CT head urgently<br>3. Ischemic or hemorrhagic<br>4. Reperfusion eligibility if ischemic</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Key note:</span> CT comes before thrombolysis.<br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Never assume ischemic stroke before imaging."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-007",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "TIA – Canadian Risk Thinking",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Feature</b></td><td><b>Meaning</b></td></tr><tr><td>Transient focal deficit</td><td>Warning sign for stroke</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>High ABCD2</td><td>Needs urgent assessment</td></tr><tr><td>Motor or speech symptoms</td><td>Higher concern</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'>Think brain imaging + vascular source + ECG monitoring.</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-008",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "DKA vs HHS – Visual Comparison",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>DKA</b></td><td><b>HHS</b></td></tr><tr><td>Typical patient</td><td>T1DM</td><td>T2DM older adult</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Ketones</td><td>Present</td><td>Minimal/none</td></tr><tr><td>Acidosis</td><td>Yes</td><td>Less marked</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Water deficit</td><td>High</td><td>Very high</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Treatment order:</b> Fluids → potassium thinking → insulin</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Low potassium changes the order."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-009",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Type 2 Diabetes – Canadian Treatment Layers",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Base:</b> lifestyle + individualized A1c target</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Clinical situation</b></td><td><b>Drug priority</b></td></tr><tr><td>No major cardiorenal issue</td><td>Metformin usually first</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>ASCVD / high CV risk</td><td>SGLT2i or GLP-1 RA with proven benefit</td></tr><tr><td>CKD / HF</td><td>SGLT2i strongly important if eligible</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not memorize one single first-line answer for every patient."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-010",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Thyroid Problems – Fast Differentiation",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Pattern</b></td><td><b>Likely problem</b></td><td><b>Move</b></td></tr><tr><td>TSH high + free T4 low</td><td>Primary hypothyroidism</td><td>Levothyroxine</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>TSH low + T4 high</td><td>Hyperthyroidism</td><td>Cause-based treatment</td></tr><tr><td>Thyroid storm picture</td><td>Emergency</td><td>Beta-blocker + antithyroid + ICU thinking</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-011",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Sepsis – One-Hour Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Red flags:</b> hypotension · lactate high · altered mentation · tachypnea</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Core sequence:</b><br>• Recognize<br>• Cultures if possible<br>• Broad antibiotics early<br>• IV crystalloid<br>• Vasopressor if shock persists</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Antibiotics should not wait for perfect data."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-012",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Meningitis – Exam Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>CSF feature</b></td><td><b>Bacterial</b></td><td><b>Viral</b></td></tr><tr><td>Opening pressure</td><td>Often high</td><td>Usually milder</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Cells</td><td>Neutrophils</td><td>Lymphocytes</td></tr><tr><td>Protein</td><td>High</td><td>Mild/moderate</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Glucose</td><td>Low</td><td>Usually normal</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> If bacterial meningitis is strongly suspected, do not create delay in antibiotics."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-013",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "UTI – Canadian Practical Note",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Uncomplicated cystitis:</b> dysuria + frequency + urgency without systemic features</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Situation</b></td><td><b>Approach</b></td></tr><tr><td>Simple cystitis</td><td>Nitrofurantoin common first choice</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Fever/flank pain</td><td>Think pyelonephritis</td></tr><tr><td>Pregnancy</td><td>Treat bacteriuria</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Asymptomatic nonpregnant adult</td><td>Usually do not treat</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-014",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Canadian Screening – Corrected Core Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Screen</b></td><td><b>Canadian high-yield note</b></td></tr><tr><td>Colorectal</td><td>FIT q2y or flex sig q10y age 50–74 average risk</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Breast</td><td>Mammography q2–3y age 50–74 average risk</td></tr><tr><td>Cervical</td><td>Program-specific in Canada. Classic exam note often uses Pap q3y age 25–69</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>AAA</td><td>One-time screening in selected men 65–80 ever smokers</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not replace Canadian FIT screening with routine colonoscopy in average-risk adults."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-015",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Hypertension – Canadian Diagnosis and Treatment",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Routine office threshold:</b> 140/90 mmHg remains a key diagnostic and treatment anchor in many exam questions.</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Step</b></td><td><b>Meaning</b></td></tr><tr><td>Confirm elevated BP</td><td>Use proper repeated measurement strategy</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>All patients</td><td>Lifestyle modification</td></tr><tr><td>Drug therapy</td><td>Start at ≥140/90 after diagnosis, or lower systolic range if high CV risk</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-016",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "Depression – Real Exam Distinctions",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Finding</b></td><td><b>Meaning</b></td></tr><tr><td>Low mood/anhedonia ≥2 weeks</td><td>Major depression possible</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Grandiosity + decreased need for sleep</td><td>Think bipolar, not simple depression</td></tr><tr><td>Psychosis only during mood episode</td><td>Mood disorder with psychotic features</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Never give antidepressant monotherapy if true bipolar disorder is suspected."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-017",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Psychosis",
    "title": "Primary Psychotic Disorders – Fast Separation",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Disorder</b></td><td><b>High-yield clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Schizophrenia</td><td>Psychosis + functional decline + duration</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Schizoaffective</td><td>Mood syndrome + psychosis, with psychosis also outside mood episode</td></tr><tr><td>Delusional disorder</td><td>Fixed delusion, function relatively preserved</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-018",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Personality",
    "title": "Personality Disorders – Cleaner Exam Grid",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Cluster A</b></td><td>Paranoid · Schizoid · Schizotypal</td></tr><tr><td><b>Cluster B</b></td><td>Antisocial · Borderline · Histrionic · Narcissistic</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Cluster C</b></td><td>Avoidant · Dependent · OCPD</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> OCPD is not OCD."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-019",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Pediatric Airway Emergencies",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Condition</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td><td><b>Priority</b></td></tr><tr><td>Epiglottitis</td><td>Drooling + fever + toxic + stridor</td><td>Airway first</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Croup</td><td>Barking cough + inspiratory stridor</td><td>Dexamethasone ± epinephrine</td></tr><tr><td>Bronchiolitis</td><td>Infant + viral prodrome + wheeze</td><td>Supportive care</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-020",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Development",
    "title": "Developmental Red Flags – Fast Review",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Refer early if:</b> persistent head lag · major motor delay · language regression · loss of milestones · social red flags</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Principle:</span> Early assessment is better than delayed reassurance."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-021",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Third-Trimester Bleeding – Exam Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Diagnosis</b></td><td><b>Bleeding</b></td><td><b>Pain</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Placenta previa</td><td>Bright</td><td>Painless</td><td>Do not do digital exam before localization</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Abruption</td><td>May be dark</td><td>Painful</td><td>Tender uterus, fetal distress</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Maternal stabilization comes first in unstable bleeding."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-022",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Hypertensive Disorders",
    "title": "Preeclampsia – HELLP – Eclampsia",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Preeclampsia:</b> hypertension after 20 weeks + proteinuria or end-organ features</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Condition</b></td><td><b>High-yield clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>HELLP</td><td>Hemolysis + elevated liver enzymes + low platelets</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Eclampsia</td><td>Seizure in preeclampsia context</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-green'>Core drug:</span> Magnesium sulfate for seizure prevention/treatment."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-023",
    "cat": "Surgery",
    "sub": "Trauma",
    "title": "Thoracic Trauma – One-Look Differentiation",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Emergency</b></td><td><b>Key sign</b></td><td><b>Immediate move</b></td></tr><tr><td>Tension pneumothorax</td><td>Tracheal deviation + no breath sounds + shock</td><td>Immediate decompression</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Massive hemothorax</td><td>Dullness + shock</td><td>Chest tube + trauma surgery</td></tr><tr><td>Cardiac tamponade</td><td>Hypotension + JVD + muffled sounds</td><td>Immediate decompression pathway</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-024",
    "cat": "Surgery",
    "sub": "Abdomen",
    "title": "Acute Abdomen – Surgical Pattern Recognition",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Peritonitis signs:</b> rigidity · rebound · involuntary guarding</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Pattern</b></td><td><b>Likely diagnosis</b></td></tr><tr><td>Pain central then RLQ</td><td>Appendicitis</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Sudden severe epigastric pain + free air</td><td>Perforated peptic ulcer</td></tr><tr><td>Colicky pain + distension + prior surgery</td><td>SBO</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-025",
    "cat": "Surgery",
    "sub": "Urology",
    "title": "Scrotal Pain – Do Not Miss Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Diagnosis</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td><td><b>Action</b></td></tr><tr><td>Testicular torsion</td><td>Sudden pain + high-riding testis + absent cremasteric reflex</td><td>Urgent urology, do not delay</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Epididymitis</td><td>More gradual + infectious context</td><td>Treat cause</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> In exam stems, sudden scrotal pain is torsion until proven otherwise."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-026",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Biostatistics",
    "title": "Study Designs – Cleaner Canadian Exam Note",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Design</b></td><td><b>Best use</b></td><td><b>Measure</b></td></tr><tr><td>Cross-sectional</td><td>Snapshot</td><td>Prevalence</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Case-control</td><td>Rare disease</td><td>Odds ratio</td></tr><tr><td>Cohort</td><td>Exposure → outcome</td><td>Incidence / relative risk</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>RCT</td><td>Intervention efficacy</td><td>Best causal evidence</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-027",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Biostatistics",
    "title": "P-value and Test Interpretation",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>P = 0.05</b> means: if the null hypothesis were true, the observed result or a more extreme one would occur about 5% of the time.</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> It does NOT mean the treatment works in 95% of patients."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-028",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Ethics",
    "title": "Canadian Ethics – High Yield Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Scenario</b></td><td><b>Exam rule</b></td></tr><tr><td>Capable adult refuses life-saving care</td><td>Respect refusal</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Parents refuse life-saving treatment for child</td><td>Best interests of child prevail</td></tr><tr><td>Police request records</td><td>Need consent unless legal exception</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Adverse event disclosure</td><td>Disclose honestly + empathically</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-029",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Ethics",
    "title": "MAID – Canadian Exam Skeleton",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Think:</b> capacity · voluntariness · grievous and irremediable condition · procedural safeguards</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>High-yield exam point:</b> two independent assessments remain a core classic note in exam-style teaching.</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-030",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Top Review",
    "title": "Canadian Exam Traps – Final Page",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Do not miss these traps:</b><br>• Average-risk colon screening in Canada is FIT-based, not routine colonoscopy<br>• Stroke imaging before thrombolysis<br>• COPD oxygen target is 88–92%<br>• DKA starts with fluids, not insulin alone<br>• Sudden scrotal pain = torsion until proven otherwise<br>• Drooling + stridor child = airway emergency<br>• Capable adult may refuse even life-saving treatment</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-031",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Heart Failure – Canadian Clinical Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Core idea:</b> Symptoms + objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>HFrEF</td><td>Reduced EF, systolic failure</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>HFpEF</td><td>Normal EF, diastolic dysfunction</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Core drugs:</b> ACEi/ARB + beta-blocker ± MRA ± SGLT2i</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> BNP supports diagnosis but does not replace clinical judgment."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-032",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Hypertensive Emergency vs Urgency",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Emergency</b></td><td><b>Urgency</b></td></tr><tr><td>BP</td><td>Severely high</td><td>Severely high</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>End-organ damage</td><td>YES</td><td>NO</td></tr><tr><td>Management</td><td>IV controlled reduction</td><td>Oral gradual reduction</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not drop BP rapidly without indication."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-033",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Pulmonary Embolism – Exam Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'><b>Step 1:</b> Clinical suspicion</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Step 2:</b> Risk stratify (Wells)</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'><b>Step 3:</b> Low risk → D-dimer, High risk → imaging</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not order D-dimer in high-risk patient."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-034",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Pneumonia – Clinical Differentiation",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td><td><b>Common pathogen</b></td></tr><tr><td>Typical</td><td>Acute fever + productive cough</td><td>S. pneumoniae</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Atypical</td><td>Dry cough + mild exam</td><td>Mycoplasma</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Normal chest exam does not exclude pneumonia."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-035",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Liver Disease – Pattern Recognition",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Pattern</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Hepatocellular</td><td>AST/ALT high</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Cholestatic</td><td>ALP ↑ + bilirubin ↑</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> AST > ALT suggests alcohol-related disease."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-036",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Pancreatitis – Core Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Diagnosis:</b> 2 of 3 → pain + lipase ↑ + imaging</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'><b>Management:</b> IV fluids first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Lipase is more specific than amylase."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-037",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Acute Kidney Injury – Categories",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Cause</b></td></tr><tr><td>Pre-renal</td><td>Low perfusion</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Intrinsic</td><td>Kidney damage</td></tr><tr><td>Post-renal</td><td>Obstruction</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always rule out obstruction first."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-038",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Headache – Red Flags (Canadian Style)",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'><b>Red flags:</b><br>• Thunderclap onset<br>• Neurological deficit<br>• Fever/meningismus<br>• Age >50 new headache<br>• Cancer/immunosuppression</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always rule out secondary causes first."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-039",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Seizure – First Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'><b>Immediate:</b> ABC + glucose</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>First-line drug</b></td><td>Benzodiazepine</td></tr><tr><td>Next</td><td>Antiepileptic</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-040",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Adrenal Disorders – Quick Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Condition</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Addison</td><td>Hypotension + hyperpigmentation</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Cushing</td><td>Central obesity + striae</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-041",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Antibiotic Stewardship – Canadian Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Principle:</b> Narrow spectrum when possible</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not treat viral infections with antibiotics."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-042",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Dermatology",
    "title": "Rash – Pattern Recognition",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Rash</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Urticaria</td><td>Itchy, transient</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Psoriasis</td><td>Silvery scale</td></tr><tr><td>Cellulitis</td><td>Painful, warm</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-043",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Anemia – Quick Classification",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>MCV</b></td><td><b>Type</b></td></tr><tr><td>Low</td><td>Iron deficiency</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Normal</td><td>Chronic disease</td></tr><tr><td>High</td><td>B12/folate</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-044",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Coagulation – Quick Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>PT → extrinsic pathway</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>aPTT → intrinsic pathway</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Heparin prolongs aPTT."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-045",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Gynecology",
    "title": "Abnormal Uterine Bleeding – Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'><b>Always rule out pregnancy first</b></div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Age</b></td><td><b>Concern</b></td></tr><tr><td>Young</td><td>Anovulation</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Older</td><td>Malignancy</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-046",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Gynecology",
    "title": "Ectopic Pregnancy – Key Note",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Pain + bleeding + positive pregnancy test</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not miss ruptured ectopic → emergency."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-047",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Infectious",
    "title": "Fever in Child – Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Assess appearance first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Ill-appearing child → urgent evaluation."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-048",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Growth",
    "title": "Failure to Thrive",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Weight drop across percentiles</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Think:</span> nutrition + chronic disease + psychosocial."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-049",
    "cat": "Ethics & Legal",
    "sub": "Consent",
    "title": "Capacity – Canadian Concept",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Understand + appreciate + reason + communicate</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Capacity is decision-specific."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-HQ-050",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Final",
    "title": "Ultra High-Yield Final Rules",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>Exam mindset:</b><br>• Stabilize first<br>• Rule out life-threatening<br>• Use stepwise approach<br>• Avoid over-treatment<br>• Think Canadian guidelines</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-051",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Unstable Patient – Thinking Algorithm",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px; border-radius:6px;'><b>Step 1:</b> ABC first always</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'><b>Step 2:</b> Identify life-threatening cause</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'><b>Step 3:</b> Treat before full diagnosis</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Never delay life-saving treatment for investigations."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-052",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Chest Pain – How Examiner Thinks",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Feature</b></td><td><b>Interpretation</b></td></tr><tr><td>Exertional + pressure</td><td>ACS likely</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Pleuritic</td><td>PE / pneumothorax</td></tr><tr><td>Tearing to back</td><td>Aortic dissection</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not ignore risk factors even if pain is atypical."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-053",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Syncope – Exam Logic",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td></tr><tr><td>Cardiac</td><td>Sudden, no prodrome</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Vasovagal</td><td>Prodrome + triggers</td></tr><tr><td>Orthostatic</td><td>Standing, dehydration</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Cardiac syncope = highest risk → urgent workup."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-054",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Dyspnea – Clinical Reasoning Map",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Acute → PE / pneumothorax / asthma</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Chronic → COPD / HF / anemia</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always check oxygen saturation early."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-055",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "ABG Interpretation – Stepwise",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Step 1: pH</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Step 2: CO2 vs HCO3</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Step 3: Compensation</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not skip stepwise analysis."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-056",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Abdominal Pain – Examiner Pattern",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Location</b></td><td><b>Likely cause</b></td></tr><tr><td>RUQ</td><td>Gallbladder</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Epigastric</td><td>Pancreas / ulcer</td></tr><tr><td>RLQ</td><td>Appendix</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Migration of pain = appendicitis."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-057",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Diarrhea – Key Differentiation",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Watery → viral/toxin</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Bloody → invasive bacteria</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Bloody diarrhea needs further workup."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-058",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Electrolytes – Exam Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Hyperkalemia = cardiac emergency</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Hyponatremia = brain risk</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Treat severe abnormalities first, not numbers."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-059",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Weakness – Localization Logic",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Pattern</b></td><td><b>Location</b></td></tr><tr><td>Unilateral</td><td>Brain</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Bilateral</td><td>Spinal/systemic</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always localize before diagnosing."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-060",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Vertigo – Peripheral vs Central",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Peripheral</b></td><td><b>Central</b></td></tr><tr><td>Onset</td><td>Sudden</td><td>Gradual</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Neuro signs</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Neuro deficit = central until proven otherwise."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-061",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypoglycemia – Immediate Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Confusion + sweating → check glucose</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Treat immediately</span><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not delay treatment for confirmation."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-062",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypercalcemia – Exam Clues",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stones + bones + groans + psychiatric symptoms</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always check malignancy vs hyperparathyroidism."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-063",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Fever – Diagnostic Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Acute → infection</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Chronic → malignancy / autoimmune</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always consider source before antibiotics."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-064",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Endocarditis – High Yield Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Fever + murmur + risk factor</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx: Blood cultures + echo</span><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always draw cultures before antibiotics if stable."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-065",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Bleeding vs Clotting – Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Bleeding → platelet/coagulation issue</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Clotting → hypercoagulable state</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-066",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Dermatology",
    "title": "Skin Lesions – Quick Identification",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Macule → flat</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Papule → raised</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Vesicle → fluid</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-067",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Labor – Stages Simplified",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stage 1: dilation</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Stage 2: delivery</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Stage 3: placenta</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-068",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Gynecology",
    "title": "Pelvic Pain – Core Causes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Ectopic</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>PID</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Ovarian torsion</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always rule out ectopic first."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-069",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Child with Stridor – Thinking",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Drooling → epiglottitis</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Barking cough → croup</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-070",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Final Elite",
    "title": "How to Answer Any MCCQE Question",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>Step 1:</b> Is patient stable<br><b>Step 2:</b> What can kill the patient<br><b>Step 3:</b> What is the next best step<br><b>Step 4:</b> Avoid traps</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-071",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Shock – Immediate Classification",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Clue</b></td><td><b>Tx First</b></td></tr><tr><td>Hypovolemic</td><td>Bleeding / dehydration</td><td>Fluids</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Cardiogenic</td><td>MI / HF</td><td>Inotropes</td></tr><tr><td>Distributive</td><td>Sepsis / anaphylaxis</td><td>Fluids + cause</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always start fluids unless clear cardiogenic."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-072",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Sepsis – Canadian Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Suspected infection + organ dysfunction</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Tx within 1 hour: Fluids + antibiotics</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Delay in antibiotics increases mortality."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-073",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Bradycardia vs Tachycardia – First Step",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stable → ECG + cause</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Unstable → treat immediately</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Brady:</span> Atropine<br><span class='hl-green'>Tachy:</span> Cardioversion if unstable"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-074",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Heart Failure – Exam Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Dyspnea + edema + crackles</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Dx: BNP + Echo</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Tx: ACEi + BB + diuretics</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not give fluids unless hypotensive."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-075",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Asthma vs COPD – Key Differences",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Asthma</b></td><td><b>COPD</b></td></tr><tr><td>Onset</td><td>Young</td><td>Older smoker</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Reversibility</td><td>Yes</td><td>Partial</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-076",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Hemoptysis – Danger Causes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Cancer</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>TB</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>PE</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Always rule out malignancy in smokers."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-077",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Upper vs Lower GI Bleed",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Upper</b></td><td><b>Lower</b></td></tr><tr><td>Melena</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Hematochezia</td><td>Rare</td><td>Common</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-078",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Jaundice – Classification",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Prehepatic → hemolysis</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Hepatic → liver disease</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Posthepatic → obstruction</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-079",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "AKI – Types",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pre-renal → low perfusion</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Intrinsic → kidney damage</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Post-renal → obstruction</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-080",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Nephritic vs Nephrotic",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Nephritic</b></td><td><b>Nephrotic</b></td></tr><tr><td>Protein</td><td>Moderate</td><td>Massive</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Hematuria</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-081",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Seizure – First Step",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Active seizure → protect airway</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Tx: Benzodiazepine first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not delay treatment."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-082",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Delirium vs Dementia",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Delirium</b></td><td><b>Dementia</b></td></tr><tr><td>Onset</td><td>Acute</td><td>Chronic</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Attention</td><td>Impaired</td><td>Normal early</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-083",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "DKA vs HHS",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>DKA</b></td><td><b>HHS</b></td></tr><tr><td>Ketones</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Glucose</td><td>Moderate</td><td>Very high</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-084",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Thyroid Storm – Recognition",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Fever + tachycardia + agitation</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> PTU + beta blocker + steroids"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-085",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Meningitis – Immediate Steps",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Fever + neck stiffness + AMS</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Antibiotics immediately<br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not delay for CT unless needed."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-086",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Anemia – First Step",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Check MCV</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Micro / normo / macro</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-087",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Dermatology",
    "title": "Rash – Pattern Recognition",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Viral → diffuse</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Drug → widespread</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-088",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Postpartum Hemorrhage – First Action",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Most common = uterine atony</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Uterine massage first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-089",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "General",
    "title": "Fever in Child – Red Flags",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Age <3 months</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Lethargy</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-090",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Final Elite",
    "title": "Exam Killer Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>If unstable → treat</b><br><b>If stable → investigate</b><br><b>If risk high → act fast</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-091",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Unstable Patient – First 3 Moves",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>1. Airway</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>2. Breathing</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>3. Circulation</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Rule:</span> Do not ask diagnosis before stabilizing."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-092",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Syncope – Exam Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>First: ECG</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Then: history (cardiac vs vasovagal)</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Red flag:</span> Syncope during exertion → cardiac cause."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-093",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Chest Pain – First Step Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Always ECG first</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Then troponin</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT wait for labs before ECG."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-094",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Stable Angina vs ACS",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Stable</b></td><td><b>ACS</b></td></tr><tr><td>Pain</td><td>Exertion</td><td>At rest</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Relief</td><td>Nitro</td><td>Not fully</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-095",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Dyspnea – Rapid Sorting",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Wheeze → asthma/COPD</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Crackles → HF</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Clear lungs → PE</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-096",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "PE – Exam Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Low risk → D-dimer</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>High risk → CT directly</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not order D-dimer in high-risk."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-097",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "RUQ Pain – Key Causes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Cholecystitis</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Hepatitis</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Biliary obstruction</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-098",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Appendicitis – Classic Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pain starts periumbilical</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Then RLQ</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> CT abdomen"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-099",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Hyperkalemia – Emergency",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>ECG changes</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx order:</span><br>1. Calcium<br>2. Insulin + glucose<br>3. Dialysis"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-100",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Kidney Stone – Exam Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Severe flank pain → groin</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Hematuria</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> CT non-contrast"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-101",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Headache – Imaging Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Red flags → CT</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>No red flags → no imaging</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-102",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Stroke – Decision Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>CT first</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>If ischemic → tPA</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>If bleed → no tPA</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-103",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypoglycemia – Immediate Action",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Low glucose → give glucose NOW</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not wait labs."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-104",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypercalcemia – Clue",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Stones + bones + groans</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Fluids first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-105",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Fever – First Question",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stable vs unstable</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Rule:</span> unstable → treat immediately"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-106",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Bleeding – Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Platelets problem → mucosal</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Coagulation → deep bleeding</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-107",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Gynecology",
    "title": "Abnormal Uterine Bleeding",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>First test → pregnancy test</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> always rule out pregnancy"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-108",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Ectopic Pregnancy – Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Pain + bleeding + +ve pregnancy</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> US + β-hCG"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-109",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "General",
    "title": "Child with Vomiting",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Bilious vomiting → obstruction</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Non-bilious → pyloric stenosis</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-110",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Final Elite",
    "title": "Ultimate Exam Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>Do what saves life first</b><br><b>Then confirm diagnosis</b><br><b>Then refine management</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-091",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Unstable Patient – First 3 Moves",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>1. Airway</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>2. Breathing</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>3. Circulation</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Rule:</span> Do not ask diagnosis before stabilizing."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-092",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Emergency",
    "title": "Syncope – Exam Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>First: ECG</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Then: history (cardiac vs vasovagal)</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Red flag:</span> Syncope during exertion → cardiac cause."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-093",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Chest Pain – First Step Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Always ECG first</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Then troponin</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT wait for labs before ECG."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-094",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Stable Angina vs ACS",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td></td><td><b>Stable</b></td><td><b>ACS</b></td></tr><tr><td>Pain</td><td>Exertion</td><td>At rest</td></tr><tr style='background:#f9f9f9;'><td>Relief</td><td>Nitro</td><td>Not fully</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-095",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Dyspnea – Rapid Sorting",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Wheeze → asthma/COPD</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Crackles → HF</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Clear lungs → PE</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-096",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "PE – Exam Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Low risk → D-dimer</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>High risk → CT directly</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not order D-dimer in high-risk."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-097",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "RUQ Pain – Key Causes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Cholecystitis</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Hepatitis</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Biliary obstruction</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-098",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Appendicitis – Classic Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pain starts periumbilical</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Then RLQ</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> CT abdomen"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-099",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Hyperkalemia – Emergency",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>ECG changes</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx order:</span><br>1. Calcium<br>2. Insulin + glucose<br>3. Dialysis"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-100",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Renal",
    "title": "Kidney Stone – Exam Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Severe flank pain → groin</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Hematuria</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> CT non-contrast"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-101",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Headache – Imaging Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Red flags → CT</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>No red flags → no imaging</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-102",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Stroke – Decision Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>CT first</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>If ischemic → tPA</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>If bleed → no tPA</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-103",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypoglycemia – Immediate Action",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Low glucose → give glucose NOW</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not wait labs."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-104",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrinology",
    "title": "Hypercalcemia – Clue",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Stones + bones + groans</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> Fluids first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-105",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Fever – First Question",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stable vs unstable</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Rule:</span> unstable → treat immediately"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-106",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Hematology",
    "title": "Bleeding – Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Platelets problem → mucosal</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Coagulation → deep bleeding</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-107",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Gynecology",
    "title": "Abnormal Uterine Bleeding",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>First test → pregnancy test</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> always rule out pregnancy"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-108",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Obstetrics",
    "title": "Ectopic Pregnancy – Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Pain + bleeding + +ve pregnancy</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> US + β-hCG"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-109",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "General",
    "title": "Child with Vomiting",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Bilious vomiting → obstruction</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Non-bilious → pyloric stenosis</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ELITE-110",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Final Elite",
    "title": "Ultimate Exam Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>Do what saves life first</b><br><b>Then confirm diagnosis</b><br><b>Then refine management</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-001",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "First Rule – Do Not Diagnose First",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'><b>Exam rule:</b><br>Unstable patient → treat immediately<br>Stable patient → investigate</div><br>Most common mistake: jumping to diagnosis before stabilizing."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-002",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "Most Asked Question Type",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>They ask: What is the NEXT BEST STEP</div><br>Not diagnosis. Not mechanism.<br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do not overthink."
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-003",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "If You See UNSTABLE",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Do NOT order test<br>Do NOT wait<br><b>Act immediately</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-004",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "If You See RED FLAG",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Always choose serious diagnosis</div><br>Example: headache + neuro deficit → tumor or bleed"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-005",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "If Options Include Imaging",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>CT first in emergency</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> MRI is rarely first step"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-006",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Core",
    "title": "If Options Include Lab vs Treatment",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>If urgent → treat first</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'>If stable → investigate</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-007",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Elimination",
    "title": "Elimination Method",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>Remove 2 wrong answers immediately</div><br>Then choose safest option"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-008",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Elimination",
    "title": "Most Dangerous Answer",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>If answer delays care → wrong</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-009",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Elimination",
    "title": "Most Safe Answer",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>Pick option that protects patient first</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-010",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Time",
    "title": "Time Strategy",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'>1 question ≈ 1 minute</div><br>Stuck → skip immediately"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-011",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Time",
    "title": "When You Don’t Know Answer",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Do NOT leave blank</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>Choose safest clinical action</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-012",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Patterns",
    "title": "Pattern Recognition",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Chest pain → ECG</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Stroke → CT</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pregnancy → β-hCG</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-013",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Patterns",
    "title": "Classic Traps",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>• D-dimer in high-risk PE → wrong<br>• MRI first in emergency → wrong<br>• Delaying antibiotics in sepsis → wrong</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-014",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Psych",
    "title": "Ethics Questions",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>Respect autonomy first</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Unless patient lacks capacity</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-015",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Psych",
    "title": "Capacity Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'>Understand + appreciate + reason + communicate</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-016",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Pharmacology",
    "title": "Drug Questions Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px;'>Most dangerous side effect wins</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-017",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Preventive",
    "title": "Screening Questions",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>Follow Canadian guidelines only</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> US recommendations may be wrong"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-018",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Final",
    "title": "Golden Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:14px;'><b>If it can kill → act now</b><br><b>If not urgent → investigate</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-019",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Final",
    "title": "Top 5 Instant Answers",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:12px;'>• Chest pain → ECG<br>• Stroke → CT<br>• Hypoglycemia → glucose<br>• Anaphylaxis → epinephrine<br>• Sepsis → antibiotics</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-ULTRA-020",
    "cat": "Exam Strategy",
    "sub": "Final",
    "title": "Last Minute Mindset",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:14px;'><b>You are not guessing</b><br>You are eliminating wrong answers<br>You are choosing safest action</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-001",
    "cat": "Emergency Medicine",
    "title": "Chest Pain – First Move",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Man 58 y/o presents with chest pain for 30 minutes. Stable. Sweating.</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'><b>Think:</b> ACS</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Action:</b> ECG immediately</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Do NOT:</span> wait for troponin first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-002",
    "cat": "Emergency Medicine",
    "title": "Unstable Patient",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Patient hypotensive + altered mental status</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'><b>Action:</b> ABC first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> Do NOT order labs first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-003",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "title": "Shortness of Breath",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Patient dyspnea + wheeze</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Likely asthma/COPD</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Action:</span> bronchodilator first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-004",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "title": "Pulmonary Embolism",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Sudden dyspnea + tachycardia + recent surgery</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>High suspicion PE</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT pulmonary angiography</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> skip D-dimer"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-005",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Stroke",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Sudden weakness + speech difficulty</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT head first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Do NOT:</span> give tPA before CT"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-006",
    "cat": "Endocrine",
    "title": "Hypoglycemia",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Confusion + low glucose</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: give glucose immediately</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> no labs first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-007",
    "cat": "GI",
    "title": "Appendicitis",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pain started periumbilical then RLQ</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Appendicitis pattern</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT abdomen</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-008",
    "cat": "GI",
    "title": "Upper GI Bleed",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Melena + anemia</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: endoscopy</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-009",
    "cat": "Renal",
    "title": "Kidney Stone",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Flank pain → groin + hematuria</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT non-contrast</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-010",
    "cat": "Renal",
    "title": "Hyperkalemia",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>ECG changes + high K</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: calcium first</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-011",
    "cat": "Infectious",
    "title": "Sepsis",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Fever + hypotension</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: antibiotics immediately</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> do not delay"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-012",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "title": "Ectopic Pregnancy",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Abdominal pain + vaginal bleeding + +ve pregnancy</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: ultrasound + β-hCG</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-013",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "title": "Abnormal Bleeding",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Irregular bleeding</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>First step: pregnancy test</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-014",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "title": "Epiglottitis",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Child drooling + stridor</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: secure airway first</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Do NOT:</span> examine throat"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-015",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Subarachnoid Hemorrhage",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Worst headache of life</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT → LP if negative</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-016",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Atrial Fibrillation",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Irregular rhythm</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: rate control + anticoagulation</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-017",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Drug Rash",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>New medication + rash</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: stop drug</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-018",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Anemia",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Fatigue + low Hb</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>First step: MCV</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-019",
    "cat": "Emergency Medicine",
    "title": "Anaphylaxis",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Airway swelling + hypotension</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: epinephrine IM</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-020",
    "cat": "Final",
    "title": "Exam Pattern Summary",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:12px;'>See pattern → act fast<br>Do not overthink<br>Pick safest action</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-021",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Chest Pain with Normal ECG",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Chest pain + normal ECG</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Still suspect ACS</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: serial troponin</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> do not discharge"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-022",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "title": "COPD Patient Given Oxygen",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>COPD + hypoxia</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Risk CO2 retention</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Target O2: 88–92%</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-023",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Seizure First Episode",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>First seizure</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: CT head</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> not EEG first"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-024",
    "cat": "GI",
    "title": "Painless Jaundice",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Painless jaundice + weight loss</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Think pancreatic cancer</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-025",
    "cat": "Renal",
    "title": "AKI After Contrast",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Recent contrast + ↑Cr</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Contrast nephropathy</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-026",
    "cat": "Infectious",
    "title": "Fever + Neck Stiffness",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Meningitis suspected</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: antibiotics immediately</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> do not delay for CT"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-027",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "title": "Pregnant + HTN",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pregnant + high BP</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Safe drugs: labetalol / nifedipine</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Trap:</span> no ACEi"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-028",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "title": "Projectile Vomiting Infant",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Non-bilious projectile vomiting</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Pyloric stenosis</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-029",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Syncope During Exercise",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Syncope with exertion</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Cardiac cause → echo</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-030",
    "cat": "Endocrine",
    "title": "Diabetic + Vomiting",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Diabetic + vomiting + dehydration</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Think DKA → fluids first</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-031",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Headache + Fever",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Headache + fever</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Rule out meningitis</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-032",
    "cat": "GI",
    "title": "RUQ Pain After Fatty Meal",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pain after fatty food</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Gallstones</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-033",
    "cat": "Renal",
    "title": "Elderly + Urinary Retention",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Cannot urinate</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Action: catheterize</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-034",
    "cat": "Infectious",
    "title": "UTI in Pregnancy",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>Pregnant + UTI</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Treat always</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-035",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "AF + Stroke Prevention",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px;'>AF patient</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Use CHA2DS2-VASc</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-036",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Bleeding + Low Platelets",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Platelet problem</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Think ITP</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-037",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "title": "Painful Rash + Fever",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Severe rash + systemic symptoms</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Think SJS</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-038",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "title": "Postpartum Bleeding",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Heavy bleeding after delivery</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Uterine atony → massage</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-039",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "title": "Child + Fever No Source",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px;'>Age <3 months</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px;'>Full septic workup</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CASE-ADV-040",
    "cat": "Final",
    "title": "Advanced Exam Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:14px;'><b>If pattern is classic → do not doubt it</b><br><b>If patient is unstable → act immediately</b><br><b>If unsure → choose safest option</b></div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ETH-001",
    "cat": "Ethics & Legal",
    "sub": "Consent",
    "title": "Consent and Capacity | Canadian Core Rules",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Capacity</b> = understand + appreciate consequences</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>If capable</b></td><td>Patient decides, even if refusal may cause death</td></tr><tr><td><b>If incapable</b></td><td>Use substitute decision-maker according to provincial law</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Emergency</b></td><td>Treat immediately if consent cannot be obtained and delay risks harm</td></tr></table><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> disagreeing with doctor does not equal incapacity"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ETH-002",
    "cat": "Ethics & Legal",
    "sub": "Confidentiality",
    "title": "Confidentiality | When Disclosure Is Allowed",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Default:</b> do not disclose without patient consent</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Disclose if legally required</b><br>• reportable diseases<br>• child protection concerns<br>• imminent risk of serious harm<br>• court order</div><br><span class='hl-blue'>Best exam answer:</span> seek consent first unless a clear legal exception applies"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ETH-003",
    "cat": "Ethics & Legal",
    "sub": "Minors",
    "title": "Mature Minor and Best Interests",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Mature minor</b> depends on capacity, not age alone</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Emergency child care:</b> life-saving treatment proceeds despite parental refusal</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> parental wishes do not override the child's best interests in life-threatening emergencies"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ETH-004",
    "cat": "Ethics & Legal",
    "sub": "Disclosure",
    "title": "Adverse Event Disclosure",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Canadian rule:</b> disclose harmful incident or patient safety event honestly and promptly</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Say what happened</td><td>yes</td></tr><tr><td>Explain next steps</td><td>yes</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Offer empathic apology</td><td>yes</td></tr><tr><td>Hide because no lasting harm</td><td>no</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-CARD-001",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "ACS",
    "title": "Acute Coronary Syndrome | MCCQE1 Approach",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>First 10 minutes:</b> ECG + ASA</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>STEMI</b> → urgent reperfusion</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>NSTEMI/UA</b> → serial ECG + serial troponin + risk stratification</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> normal first ECG does not exclude ACS"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-CARD-002",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Heart Failure",
    "title": "Heart Failure | Chronic Therapy",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>HFrEF core drugs</b></td><td>ACEi/ARB/ARNI + beta-blocker + MRA + SGLT2 inhibitor</td></tr><tr><td><b>Loop diuretic</b></td><td>for congestion relief</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Exam trap</b></td><td>diuretics improve symptoms but do not replace mortality-reducing therapy</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-CARD-003",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "AF",
    "title": "Atrial Fibrillation | Canadian Exam Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Unstable AF</b> → synchronized cardioversion</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Stable AF</b> → rate control first in many cases</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Stroke prevention</td><td>CHA2DS2-VASc</td></tr><tr><td>Bleeding risk</td><td>assess separately</td></tr></table><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> rhythm control is not automatically first-line in every stable patient"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-CARD-004",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "HTN",
    "title": "Hypertension | Canadian Threshold Logic",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Confirm diagnosis</b> with repeated readings and preferably out-of-office monitoring when appropriate</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Initial drugs:</b> thiazide-like diuretic, ACEi/ARB, or long-acting CCB depending on context</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Pregnancy:</span> avoid ACEi and ARB"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-RESP-001",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "sub": "Asthma",
    "title": "Asthma | Practical Exam Framework",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Diagnosis:</b> variable airflow obstruction + reversibility</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Controller therapy matters</b> because SABA-only strategy is not enough for ongoing disease control</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Acute severe attack:</b> oxygen + inhaled bronchodilator + systemic steroids</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-RESP-002",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "sub": "COPD",
    "title": "COPD | High-Yield Canadian Points",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Diagnosis</b></td><td>post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than 0.70</td></tr><tr><td><b>Smoking cessation</b></td><td>most important intervention</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Exacerbation</b></td><td>SABA ± SAMA + steroids ± antibiotics</td></tr><tr><td><b>Oxygen target</b></td><td>88 to 92 percent in CO2 retainers</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-RESP-003",
    "cat": "Respirology",
    "sub": "PE",
    "title": "Pulmonary Embolism | Exam Steps",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>First:</b> assess stability</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Stable</b> → use pretest probability + D-dimer when appropriate + CTPA if indicated</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Unstable</b> → urgent treatment pathway, bedside assessment, consider thrombolysis if massive PE</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-NEU-001",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Stroke",
    "title": "Stroke | Canadian Emergency Flow",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Sudden focal deficit</b> = stroke until proven otherwise</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>First test</td><td>non-contrast CT head</td></tr><tr><td>If ischemic and eligible</td><td>reperfusion pathway</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>If hemorrhagic</td><td>no thrombolysis</td></tr></table><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> do not give aspirin until hemorrhage is excluded"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-NEU-002",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "SAH",
    "title": "Thunderclap Headache | SAH Rule",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Worst headache of life</b> → subarachnoid hemorrhage until ruled out</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>CT head first</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>If CT negative and suspicion remains high → lumbar puncture</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-NEU-003",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Seizure",
    "title": "Status Epilepticus | First-Line Therapy",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Seizure lasting more than 5 minutes</b> = status epilepticus</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>First-line:</b> benzodiazepine</div><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Then:</b> second-line antiseizure drug if ongoing</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ENDO-001",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "DKA",
    "title": "DKA | Correct Order Matters",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>1</b></td><td>IV fluids</td></tr><tr><td><b>2</b></td><td>check and correct potassium</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>3</b></td><td>insulin infusion</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> insulin before addressing severe hypokalemia is dangerous"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ENDO-002",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Thyroid",
    "title": "Hypothyroidism vs Hyperthyroidism | Clean Contrast",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Hypothyroid</b></td><td>fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, weight gain</td></tr><tr><td><b>Hyperthyroid</b></td><td>heat intolerance, tremor, palpitations, weight loss</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Tx hypothyroid</b></td><td>levothyroxine</td></tr><tr><td><b>Tx Graves</b></td><td>methimazole in many nonpregnant adults</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ENDO-003",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Diabetes",
    "title": "Type 2 Diabetes | Canadian Treatment Pearls",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Metformin</b> is common first-line therapy if renal function allows</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>If ASCVD, HF, or CKD</b> → strong role for SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist depending on comorbidity profile</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> choose drug by comorbidity, not HbA1c alone"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ID-001",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Sepsis",
    "title": "Sepsis and Septic Shock | Exam Priorities",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Suspect sepsis early</b></div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Priority bundle:</b> cultures, antibiotics, IV fluids, lactate, source control</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>If persistent hypotension after fluids</b> → vasopressor support</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ID-002",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Meningitis",
    "title": "Bacterial Meningitis | Safe Exam Answer",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Fever + neck stiffness + altered state</b> → treat urgently</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Do not delay empiric antibiotics</b> when meningitis is strongly suspected</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-ID-003",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "PID",
    "title": "Pelvic Inflammatory Disease | Exam Trigger",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Lower abdominal pain + cervical motion tenderness</b> = treat empirically for PID if clinically consistent</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> do not wait for all test results before starting treatment in the right setting"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-GI-001",
    "cat": "GI",
    "sub": "Upper GI Bleed",
    "title": "Upper GI Bleeding | Priorities",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>First:</b> ABCs + IV access + resuscitation</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Then risk stratify and arrange endoscopy</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> stabilize before chasing the final diagnosis"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-GI-002",
    "cat": "GI",
    "sub": "Pancreatitis",
    "title": "Acute Pancreatitis | Core Exam Facts",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Best lab</b></td><td>lipase</td></tr><tr><td><b>Common causes</b></td><td>gallstones and alcohol</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Initial management</b></td><td>IV fluids + analgesia + supportive care</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-GI-003",
    "cat": "GI",
    "sub": "Appendicitis",
    "title": "Appendicitis | Classic Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Periumbilical pain → migrates to RLQ</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Anorexia + fever + localized tenderness support diagnosis</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> atypical presentations are common in children, pregnancy, and older adults"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-OB-001",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Preeclampsia",
    "title": "Preeclampsia and HELLP | Exam Notes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Severe features</b> include headache, visual symptoms, RUQ or epigastric pain, thrombocytopenia, renal impairment, pulmonary edema</div><br><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>HELLP</b> = hemolysis + elevated liver enzymes + low platelets</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> definitive treatment is delivery when indicated"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-OB-002",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Bleeding",
    "title": "Late Pregnancy Bleeding | First Principle",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Maternal stabilization first</b></div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Painful bleeding suggests abruption</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Painless bleeding suggests placenta previa until proven otherwise</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-OB-003",
    "cat": "Obstetrics & Gynecology",
    "sub": "Prenatal Screening",
    "title": "Prenatal Core Preventive Points",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Folic acid</b></td><td>start before conception if possible</td></tr><tr><td><b>Tdap</b></td><td>recommended in each pregnancy</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Live vaccines</b></td><td>avoid during pregnancy</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PEDS-001",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Airway",
    "title": "Epiglottitis vs Croup | Must Not Miss",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Epiglottitis</b></td><td>drooling, toxic, tripod, stridor</td></tr><tr><td><b>Croup</b></td><td>barking cough, hoarseness, inspiratory stridor</td></tr></table><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Epiglottitis:</b> secure airway first and avoid agitating the child</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PEDS-002",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "Development",
    "title": "Developmental Delay | Red Flags",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Loss of milestones</b> is always concerning</div><br><div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>Persistent head lag and major motor delay warrant formal assessment</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> do not reassure when a true red flag is present"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PEDS-003",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Intussusception | High-Yield Pattern",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>episodic pain + legs drawn up + vomiting</div><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>currant jelly stool is late and not always present</div><div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'>ultrasound + air enema in stable child</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PSY-001",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood",
    "title": "Depression | Clean Treatment Notes",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>First-line:</b> psychotherapy and or SSRI depending on severity and context</div><br><table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td>Bupropion</td><td>less sexual dysfunction, avoid in seizure disorders and eating disorders</td></tr><tr><td>Mirtazapine</td><td>helpful if poor appetite or insomnia</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PSY-002",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Bipolar",
    "title": "Bipolar Disorder and Lithium | High Yield",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Mania</b> = elevated or irritable mood + decreased need for sleep + increased activity + impaired judgment</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Lithium toxicity risk rises</b> with renal impairment, dehydration, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, and thiazides</div><br><span class='hl-green'>Monitor:</span> lithium level, creatinine, TSH"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PSY-003",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Psychosis",
    "title": "Delusional Disorder vs Schizophrenia",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Delusional disorder</b></td><td>fixed delusion with relatively preserved function</td></tr><tr><td><b>Schizophrenia</b></td><td>broader psychotic syndrome with functional decline</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PREV-001",
    "cat": "Population & Prevention",
    "sub": "Screening",
    "title": "Canadian Screening | Corrected Exam Version",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Colorectal</b></td><td>FIT every 2 years age 50 to 74 in average risk adults</td></tr><tr><td><b>Breast</b></td><td>mammography every 2 to 3 years age 50 to 74 in average risk women</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Cervical</b></td><td>Pap screening age 25 to 69 in many Canadian pathways</td></tr></table><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> do not default to US-style screening ages"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-PREV-002",
    "cat": "Population & Prevention",
    "sub": "Immunization",
    "title": "Adult Immunization | Canadian High Yield",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0fff4; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>Older adults:</b> annual influenza + pneumococcal strategy + shingles vaccine + routine tetanus boosters</div><br><span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> live vaccines are generally avoided in pregnancy and in many immunocompromised patients"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-BIO-001",
    "cat": "Population & Prevention",
    "sub": "P value",
    "title": "P Value | Safe Exam Interpretation",
    "content": "<div style='background:#f0f7ff; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>P value</b> = probability of seeing data this extreme or more if the null hypothesis were true</div><br><div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:10px; border-radius:8px;'><b>It does NOT mean</b> the probability that the treatment works in this patient</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-BIO-002",
    "cat": "Population & Prevention",
    "sub": "Study design",
    "title": "Study Designs | Quick Table",
    "content": "<table style='width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:8px 0;'><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Cross-sectional</b></td><td>snapshot, prevalence</td></tr><tr><td><b>Case-control</b></td><td>rare disease, odds ratio, retrospective</td></tr><tr style='background:#eee;'><td><b>Cohort</b></td><td>incidence, relative risk</td></tr><tr><td><b>RCT</b></td><td>best for intervention efficacy</td></tr></table>"
  },
  {
    "id": "CA-FINAL-001",
    "cat": "MCCQE1",
    "sub": "Exam Strategy",
    "title": "Canadian Exam Strategy | Final Rule Set",
    "content": "<div style='background:#fff5f5; padding:12px; border-radius:8px;'><b>1.</b> unstable patient → stabilize first<br><b>2.</b> capacity question → autonomy first if capable<br><b>3.</b> pregnancy question → avoid teratogens and think maternal stabilization first<br><b>4.</b> pediatric emergency → airway and serious bacterial illness first<br><b>5.</b> preventive question → use Canadian screening, not US defaults</div>"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-01",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "Asthma – Stepwise Control",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Asthma_stepwise_management.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> Variable symptoms + reversible airflow obstruction<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Core rule:</span> ICS required for all persistent asthma<br><table><tr><th>Step</th><th>Therapy</th></tr><tr><td>Mild</td><td>Low-dose ICS</td></tr><tr><td>Moderate</td><td>ICS + LABA</td></tr><tr><td>Severe</td><td>High ICS + add-ons</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-red'>Exacerbation:</span> O2 + Salbutamol + Steroids<br>• <span class='hl-blue'>Exam:</span> Always check adherence before step-up"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-02",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "STEMI – Localization",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/ST_elevation_inferior_leads.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Inferior:</span> II, III, aVF<br>• <span class='hl-blue'>Anterior:</span> V1–V4<br>• <span class='hl-blue'>Lateral:</span> I, aVL, V5–V6<br><table><tr><th>Lead</th><th>Area</th></tr><tr><td>II,III,aVF</td><td>Inferior</td></tr><tr><td>V1–V4</td><td>Anterior</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> PCI immediately<br>• <span class='hl-red'>Exam:</span> ECG first within 10 min"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-03",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Neurology",
    "title": "Stroke – Algorithm",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Stroke_treatment_algorithm.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>First:</span> CT head<br>• No bleed → tPA<br>• <span class='hl-red'>If bleed:</span> NO tPA<br><table><tr><th>Step</th><th>Action</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>CT head</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Decide tPA</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-green'>Large vessel:</span> thrombectomy<br>• <span class='hl-red'>Exam:</span> Never delay CT"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-04",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Endocrine",
    "title": "DKA – Management",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Diabetic_ketoacidosis_diagram.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Triad:</span> Hyperglycemia + Ketones + Acidosis<br><table><tr><th>Step</th><th>Action</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>IV fluids</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Check K</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Insulin</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-red'>Exam trap:</span> Do NOT start insulin if K low<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Always treat cause</span>"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-05",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "GI",
    "title": "Peptic Ulcer Disease",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Peptic_ulcer_disease.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Cause:</span> H. pylori or NSAIDs<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Dx:</span> Endoscopy<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> PPI + antibiotics<br>• <span class='hl-red'>Alarm:</span> weight loss or bleeding"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-06",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Respirology",
    "title": "COPD – GOLD",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/COPD_GOLD_classification.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Dx:</span> FEV1/FVC <0.7<br><table><tr><th>Stage</th><th>FEV1</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>>80%</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>50-80%</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>30-50%</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td><30%</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-green'>Tx:</span> LABA/LAMA ± ICS"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-07",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Cardiology",
    "title": "Heart Failure",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Heart_failure_treatment.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>HFrEF:</span> ACEi + BB + Spironolactone<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Add:</span> SGLT2<br>• <span class='hl-red'>Exam:</span> mortality reduction drugs"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-08",
    "cat": "Internal Medicine",
    "sub": "Infectious Disease",
    "title": "Antibiotic Spectrum",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Antibiotic_spectrum.png",
    "content": "• Gram + → Penicillin<br>• Gram - → Cephalosporin<br>• MRSA → Vancomycin<br>• <span class='hl-red'>Exam:</span> know coverage"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-09",
    "cat": "Psychiatry",
    "sub": "Mood Disorders",
    "title": "Lithium – Toxicity",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Diabetic_ketoacidosis_diagram.png",
    "content": "• <span class='hl-blue'>Monitor:</span> renal + thyroid<br><table><tr><th>Cause</th><th>Effect</th></tr><tr><td>NSAIDs</td><td>↑ Lithium</td></tr><tr><td>Dehydration</td><td>↑ Lithium</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-red'>Toxicity:</span> tremor, confusion, ataxia"
  },
  {
    "id": "HY-PRO-10",
    "cat": "Pediatrics",
    "sub": "ENT",
    "title": "Epiglottitis vs Croup",
    "img": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/ST_elevation_inferior_leads.png",
    "content": "<table><tr><th>Feature</th><th>Epiglottitis</th><th>Croup</th></tr><tr><td>Onset</td><td>Rapid</td><td>Gradual</td></tr><tr><td>Cough</td><td>No</td><td>Barking</td></tr><tr><td>Drooling</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td></tr></table>• <span class='hl-red'>Epiglottitis:</span> airway emergency<br>• <span class='hl-green'>Croup:</span> steroids"
  }
]