diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/render-test.ts b/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/render-test.ts
index 3bb2198f2a0..fcb040348a2 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/render-test.ts
+++ b/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/render-test.ts
@@ -448,14 +448,16 @@ export class RenderTest implements IRenderTest {
   private assertEachCompareResults(
     items: (number | string | [string | number, string | number])[]
   ) {
-    [...(this.element as unknown as HTMLElement).querySelectorAll('.test-item')].forEach(
-      (el, index) => {
-        let key = Array.isArray(items[index]) ? items[index][0] : index;
-        let value = Array.isArray(items[index]) ? items[index][1] : items[index];
+    let rendered = (this.element as unknown as HTMLElement).querySelectorAll('.test-item');
 
-        QUnit.assert.equal(el.textContent, `${key}.${value}`, `Comparing the rendered key.value`);
-      }
-    );
+    QUnit.assert.strictEqual(rendered.length, items.length, `Comparing the rendered item count`);
+
+    rendered.forEach((el, index) => {
+      let key = Array.isArray(items[index]) ? items[index][0] : index;
+      let value = Array.isArray(items[index]) ? items[index][1] : items[index];
+
+      QUnit.assert.equal(el.textContent, `${key}.${value}`, `Comparing the rendered key.value`);
+    });
   }
 
   protected assertReactivity<T>(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts b/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
index a8bc509b94c..576e8f81d94 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
+++ b/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
@@ -46,6 +46,46 @@ export class EachSuite extends RenderTest {
     this.assertStableNodes();
   }
 
+  @test
+  'a plain array that shrinks during iteration stops the iteration'() {
+    let list: Item[] = [];
+
+    // The getter is on the prototype so that `JSON.stringify` in `render` does not call it.
+    class Item {
+      constructor(private index: number) {}
+
+      get name() {
+        if (this.index === 0) list.length = 1;
+        return `item-${this.index}`;
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) list.push(new Item(i));
+
+    this.render('{{#each this.list key="@index" as |item|}}[{{item.name}}]{{/each}}', { list });
+    this.assertHTML('[item-0]');
+  }
+
+  @test
+  'a plain array that grows during iteration renders the new items'() {
+    let list: Item[] = [];
+
+    // The getter is on the prototype so that `JSON.stringify` in `render` does not call it.
+    class Item {
+      constructor(private index: number) {}
+
+      get name() {
+        if (this.index === 0) list.push(new Item(1));
+        return `item-${this.index}`;
+      }
+    }
+
+    list.push(new Item(0));
+
+    this.render('{{#each this.list key="@index" as |item|}}[{{item.name}}]{{/each}}', { list });
+    this.assertHTML('[item-0][item-1]');
+  }
+
   @test
   'autotracked custom iterable'() {
     if (typeof Symbol !== 'function') {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts b/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
index 71134eb5c2b..20366c736e1 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
+++ b/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
@@ -225,42 +225,29 @@ class IteratorWrapper implements OpaqueIterator {
 }
 
 class ArrayIterator implements OpaqueIterator {
-  private current: { kind: 'empty' } | { kind: 'first'; value: unknown } | { kind: 'progress' };
-  private pos = 0;
+  private pos = -1;
+  private empty: boolean;
 
   constructor(
     private iterator: unknown[] | readonly unknown[],
     private keyFor: KeyFor
   ) {
-    if (iterator.length === 0) {
-      this.current = { kind: 'empty' };
-    } else {
-      this.current = { kind: 'first', value: iterator[this.pos] };
-    }
+    // Only this read runs in the tracking frame of the iterator reference.
+    this.empty = iterator.length === 0;
   }
 
   isEmpty(): boolean {
-    return this.current.kind === 'empty';
+    return this.empty;
   }
 
   next(): Nullable<IterationItem<unknown, number>> {
-    let value: unknown;
-
-    let current = this.current;
-    if (current.kind === 'first') {
-      this.current = { kind: 'progress' };
-      value = current.value;
-    } else if (this.pos >= this.iterator.length - 1) {
-      return null;
-    } else {
-      value = this.iterator[++this.pos];
-    }
+    let memo = ++this.pos;
 
-    let { keyFor } = this;
+    // The length is live because code in the block can change a plain array.
+    if (memo >= this.iterator.length) return null;
 
-    let key = keyFor(value, this.pos);
-    let memo = this.pos;
+    let value = this.iterator[memo];
 
-    return { key, value, memo };
+    return { key: this.keyFor(value, memo), value, memo };
   }
 }