diff --git a/src/experimaestro/core/objects/config.py b/src/experimaestro/core/objects/config.py
index c658c968..1a405685 100644
--- a/src/experimaestro/core/objects/config.py
+++ b/src/experimaestro/core/objects/config.py
@@ -1489,7 +1489,6 @@ def __new__(cls: Type[T], *args, **kwargs) -> T:
         :deprecated: Use Config.C or Config.XPMConfig to construct a new
             configuration, and Config.V (or Config.XPMValue) for a new value
         """
-
         # If this is an XPMValue, just return a new instance
         from experimaestro.core.types import XPMValue
 
@@ -1501,12 +1500,21 @@ def __new__(cls: Type[T], *args, **kwargs) -> T:
         if issubclass(cls, ConfigMixin):
             return object.__new__(cls)
 
+        # Log a deprecation warning for this way of creating a configuration
+        caller = inspect.getframeinfo(inspect.stack()[1][0])
+        logger.warning(
+            "Creating a configuration using Config.__new__ is deprecated, and will be removed in a future version. "
+            "Use Config.C or Config.XPMConfig to create a new configuration. "
+            "Issue created at %s:%s",
+            str(Path(caller.filename).absolute()),
+            caller.lineno,
+        )
+
         # otherwise, we use the configuration type
         o: ConfigMixin = object.__new__(cls.__getxpmtype__().configtype)
         try:
             o.__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         except Exception:
-            caller = inspect.getframeinfo(inspect.stack()[1][0])
             logger.error(
                 "Init error in %s:%s"
                 % (str(Path(caller.filename).absolute()), caller.lineno)
diff --git a/src/experimaestro/tests/test_objects.py b/src/experimaestro/tests/test_objects.py
index af008765..62ef0152 100644
--- a/src/experimaestro/tests/test_objects.py
+++ b/src/experimaestro/tests/test_objects.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
@@ -91,3 +92,18 @@ def test_copyconfig(xp):
 
     assert copy_b.x == b.x
     assert "path" not in copy_b.__xpm__.values
+
+
+def test_direct_config_warns(caplog):
+    """Test that using a building Config directly raises a warning"""
+    message = "Config.__new__ is deprecated"
+
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING):
+        A(x=3)
+        assert message in caplog.text
+
+    caplog.clear()
+
+    with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING):
+        A.C(x=3)
+        assert message not in caplog.text