README_FT.md

tags	sentence-transformers sentence-similarity feature-extraction generated_from_trainer dataset_size:72 loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget	source_sentence sentences Uber Book rides with ease for quick and reliable transportation. Google Maps Navigate with real-time maps, directions, and traffic updates. Spotify Stream millions of songs and create playlists for any mood or occasion. Expedia Plan your trip with hotel bookings, flight reservations, and vacation packages. source_sentence sentences Booking.com Find and book hotels, apartments, and vacation rentals with real-time availability. Uber Book rides with ease for quick and reliable transportation. Hotel.com Search and reserve hotels globally with competitive prices and user reviews. Spotify Stream millions of songs and create playlists for any mood or occasion. source_sentence sentences Uber Book rides with ease for quick and reliable transportation. Hotel.com Search and reserve hotels globally with competitive prices and user reviews. Expedia Plan your trip with hotel bookings, flight reservations, and vacation packages. Agoda Book hotels and accommodations worldwide with great deals and discounts. source_sentence sentences Booking.com Find and book hotels, apartments, and vacation rentals with real-time availability. Kayak Compare hotel prices, book flights, and find travel deals in one place. Agoda Book hotels and accommodations worldwide with great deals and discounts. Netflix Watch movies, TV shows, and original series on-demand. source_sentence sentences Booking.com Find and book hotels, apartments, and vacation rentals with real-time availability. Uber Book rides with ease for quick and reliable transportation. Kayak Compare hotel prices, book flights, and find travel deals in one place. Expedia Plan your trip with hotel bookings, flight reservations, and vacation packages.
pipeline_tag	sentence-similarity
library_name	sentence-transformers
metrics	pearson_cosine spearman_cosine
model-index	name results SentenceTransformer task dataset metrics type name semantic-similarity Semantic Similarity name type playstore eval playstore-eval type value name pearson_cosine NaN Pearson Cosine type value name spearman_cosine NaN Spearman Cosine

SentenceTransformer

This is a sentence-transformers model trained. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer

• Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 384 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: BertModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'Booking.com Find and book hotels, apartments, and vacation rentals with real-time availability.',
    'Uber Book rides with ease for quick and reliable transportation.',
    'Expedia Plan your trip with hotel bookings, flight reservations, and vacation packages.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 384]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Evaluation

Metrics

Semantic Similarity

• Dataset: playstore-eval
• Evaluated with EmbeddingSimilarityEvaluator

Metric	Value
pearson_cosine	nan
spearman_cosine	nan

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 72 training samples
• Columns: sentence_0, sentence_1, and label
• Approximate statistics based on the first 72 samples:

  	sentence_0	sentence_1	label
  type	string	string	float
  details	min: 13 tokens mean: 17.46 tokens max: 22 tokens	min: 13 tokens mean: 17.4 tokens max: 22 tokens	min: 0.1 mean: 0.1 max: 0.1

• Samples:

  sentence_0	sentence_1	label
  TripAdvisor Read reviews and book hotels based on traveler experiences.	Booking.com Find and book hotels, apartments, and vacation rentals with real-time availability.	0.1
  Expedia Plan your trip with hotel bookings, flight reservations, and vacation packages.	Kayak Compare hotel prices, book flights, and find travel deals in one place.	0.1
  Agoda Book hotels and accommodations worldwide with great deals and discounts.	TripAdvisor Read reviews and book hotels based on traveler experiences.	0.1

• Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim"
  }

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: no
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 16
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 16
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 5e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1
• num_train_epochs: 3
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.0
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: False
• fp16: False
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: False
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• dispatch_batches: None
• split_batches: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	playstore-eval_spearman_cosine
1.0	5	nan
2.0	10	nan
3.0	15	nan

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.11.0
• Sentence Transformers: 4.0.2
• Transformers: 4.49.0
• PyTorch: 2.2.2
• Accelerate: 1.6.0
• Datasets: 3.5.0
• Tokenizers: 0.21.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}