diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a487e0b3..57dd4253 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,17 @@
 All notable changes to this project are recorded here. The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
 and the versioning follows [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/).
 
+## [Unreleased]
+
+### ✨ Added
+
+- A review that fails because the model is unavailable now says so and tells you what to do — with a local CLI provider (claude / codex) the model comes from that CLI's own configuration, so it has to be changed there.
+
+### 🔧 Fixed
+
+- A failed review now shows the provider's actual error instead of only "all fallback models failed" — the real cause (an unavailable model, an expired login, an exhausted quota) was previously swallowed and never reached the run card.
+- A local CLI provider that exits successfully but returns an empty reply is now reported as a failure naming that cause, rather than as an unexplained LLM failure.
+
 ## [0.11.2] - 2026-07-28
 
 > Highlights of this release:
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.zh-CN.md b/CHANGELOG.zh-CN.md
index 7b3a085e..7af6d2b5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.zh-CN.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.zh-CN.md
@@ -5,6 +5,17 @@
 本项目所有重要变更记录于此。格式参考 [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/zh-CN/1.1.0/)，
 版本号遵循 [语义化版本](https://semver.org/lang/zh-CN/)。
 
+## [Unreleased]
+
+### ✨ 新增
+
+- 因模型不可用而失败的评审现在会明确说明，并给出处理方式——使用本地 CLI 供应商（claude / codex）时，模型来自该 CLI 自身的配置，需要在那里更换。
+
+### 🔧 修复
+
+- 评审失败时现在会展示供应商返回的真实错误，而不再只有一句「所有备选模型均调用失败」——真正的原因（模型不可用、登录过期、额度耗尽）此前被吞掉，从未出现在运行卡片上。
+- 本地 CLI 供应商正常退出却返回空回复时，现在会作为失败上报并指明该原因，而不再表现为一次无从解释的 LLM 调用失败。
+
 ## [0.11.2] - 2026-07-28
 
 > 本次发布要点：
diff --git a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/install.py b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/install.py
index 8d4c3e09..caa0e91b 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/install.py
+++ b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/install.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 import sys
 
 from ..runtime import _debug, strip_cache_break
-from ..usage import _emit_usage_tokens
+from ..usage import _emit_llm_error, _emit_usage_tokens
 from .specs import _CLI_SPECS
 
 
@@ -88,12 +88,18 @@ async def run_cli_chat(bin_name, system, user) -> str:
     except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
         raise RuntimeError(f"failed to start CLI '{bin_name}': {exc}") from exc
     out, err = await proc.communicate(prompt.encode("utf-8"))
+    out_text = (out or b"").decode("utf-8", "replace")
     if proc.returncode != 0:
-        raise RuntimeError(
-            f"CLI '{bin_name}' exit code {proc.returncode}: "
-            f"{(err or b'').decode('utf-8', 'replace')[:500]}"
-        )
-    text, usage = spec["parser"]((out or b"").decode("utf-8", "replace"))
+        # Error source: some CLIs report the failure only on **stdout** (codex writes turn.failed / error events into its
+        # JSONL stream and leaves stderr empty), which would otherwise surface as an empty reason and lose the real cause
+        # (auth / model unavailable / quota). When the spec provides an extractor, take stdout's verdict first and fall
+        # back to stderr; either way keep the raise contract (pr-agent turns it into "all fallback models failed").
+        extractor = spec.get("error_extractor")
+        detail = (extractor(out_text) if extractor else None) or (err or b"").decode("utf-8", "replace")
+        detail = (detail or "<no output>")[:500]
+        _emit_llm_error(bin_name, detail)
+        raise RuntimeError(f"CLI '{bin_name}' exit code {proc.returncode}: {detail}")
+    text, usage = spec["parser"](out_text)
     if usage:
         # prompt_tokens ≈ total input-side size, output_tokens ≈ completion (input/output_tokens share the same names across both).
         # The cache fields differ in convention between the two:
@@ -115,6 +121,18 @@ async def run_cli_chat(bin_name, system, user) -> str:
             cache_read_tokens=cache_read if isinstance(cache_read, int) else None,
             turns=turns if isinstance(turns, int) else None,
         )
+    # Empty reply on a zero exit code: the CLI ran to completion but produced no assistant message (codex does this when a turn
+    # dies on a tool/feature failure, e.g. Code Mode failing closed because its host binary is missing). Downstream this became
+    # an empty prompt into pr-agent's load_yaml → the opaque "all fallback models failed"; raise here instead, carrying any error
+    # event the stream did report, so the run card names the actual cause. Usage is emitted first, keeping the token count truthful.
+    if not (text or "").strip():
+        extractor = spec.get("error_extractor")
+        detail = (extractor(out_text) if extractor else None) or ""
+        msg = f"CLI '{bin_name}' returned an empty reply" + (
+            f": {detail[:500]}" if detail else " (no error reported in its output)"
+        )
+        _emit_llm_error(bin_name, msg)
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
     return text
 
 
diff --git a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/parsers.py b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/parsers.py
index 5dc7b27c..7e504720 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/parsers.py
+++ b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/parsers.py
@@ -71,3 +71,45 @@ def _parse_codex_output(stdout):
     if isinstance(usage, dict) and turns:
         usage["num_turns"] = turns
     return (text if isinstance(text, str) else ""), usage
+
+
+def _extract_codex_error(stdout):
+    """Pull the failure cause out of the `codex exec --json` event stream, returning a message string or None.
+
+    codex reports failures on **stdout** (the JSONL stream) and leaves stderr empty, so without this the caller would
+    raise with an empty detail and the real cause (auth, model 404, quota ...) would never reach the logs. Precedence:
+      - `turn.failed` → error.message is the terminal verdict, most accurate;
+      - otherwise the last `type=="error"` event (the intermediate retry notices carry the same upstream message);
+      - otherwise the last `item.completed` whose item.type=="error" (startup-stage errors, e.g. an unavailable feature host).
+    """
+    import json
+
+    turn_failed = None
+    last_error = None
+    last_item_error = None
+    for line in (stdout or "").splitlines():
+        line = line.strip()
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        try:
+            ev = json.loads(line)
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 - skip non-JSON lines (logs, etc.)
+            continue
+        if not isinstance(ev, dict):
+            continue
+        etype = ev.get("type")
+        if etype == "turn.failed":
+            err = ev.get("error")
+            if isinstance(err, dict) and isinstance(err.get("message"), str):
+                turn_failed = err["message"]
+        elif etype == "error":
+            msg = ev.get("message")
+            if isinstance(msg, str):
+                last_error = msg
+        elif etype == "item.completed":
+            item = ev.get("item")
+            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("type") == "error":
+                msg = item.get("message")
+                if isinstance(msg, str):
+                    last_item_error = msg
+    return turn_failed or last_error or last_item_error
diff --git a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/specs.py b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/specs.py
index 8145fd61..9e0ef3af 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/specs.py
+++ b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/cli/specs.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """Spec table for adapted local CLI commands: argv flags (the prompt always goes via stdin) + output parser + billing env to strip.
 Registering one entry here is enough for a new command; the renderer-side whitelist validation must stay in sync (see LlmProfileForm.validateProfile)."""
-from .parsers import _parse_claude_output, _parse_codex_output
+from .parsers import _extract_codex_error, _parse_claude_output, _parse_codex_output
 
 # `low_effort_flags`: argv to append for the low-effort tier (only enabled by the Agent orchestration channel via MEEBOX_CLI_REASONING,
 # see install.py). Commands with a trailing `-` (stdin) insert these flags before the `-`, keeping `-` last.
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
         ],
         "low_effort_flags": ["-c", "model_reasoning_effort=low"],
         "parser": _parse_codex_output,
+        # codex writes its failures into the stdout event stream and leaves stderr empty, so a non-zero exit needs
+        # the cause extracted from stdout (see install.py); commands without this key just fall back to stderr.
+        "error_extractor": _extract_codex_error,
         "strip_env": ("OPENAI_API_KEY", "CODEX_API_KEY"),
     },
 }
diff --git a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/usage.py b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/usage.py
index bccf7e6b..74b45105 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/usage.py
+++ b/apps/desktop/scripts/pragent-shim/meebox_pragent_shim/usage.py
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 """Real token usage collection: emitted to stderr as a sentinel line `@@MEEBOX_USAGE@@ {json}`, which the main process onLine
-accumulates from (see apps/desktop/src/main/ipc.ts). Takes only tokens, not cost. Fault-tolerant throughout."""
+accumulates from (see apps/desktop/src/main/ipc.ts). Takes only tokens, not cost. Fault-tolerant throughout.
+
+The same stderr sentinel channel also carries `@@MEEBOX_LLM_ERROR@@ {json}` (see _emit_llm_error): pr-agent's
+retry_with_fallback_models logs the underlying exception into loguru's `artifact=` field, which the default format never
+prints, so a failing LLM call reaches stdout as nothing but "Failed to generate prediction with any model". The sentinel
+carries the real cause out of band, past that lossy log line."""
 import sys
 
 from .runtime import _debug
@@ -67,3 +72,22 @@ def _emit_usage_tokens(
         print(f"@@MEEBOX_USAGE@@ {json.dumps(rec)}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
     except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
         _debug(f"emit cli usage failed (ignored): {exc}")
+
+
+def _emit_llm_error(cli, message) -> None:
+    """Emit the real cause of a failed LLM call to stderr as `@@MEEBOX_LLM_ERROR@@ {json}`, right before raising.
+
+    Emitting is purely additive — the exception is still raised and pr-agent still runs its fallback retry; this only
+    keeps the cause from being swallowed by that retry's log line, so the run card can show what actually went wrong
+    (and classify it, e.g. an unavailable model) instead of the generic "all fallback models failed".
+    """
+    try:
+        import json
+
+        print(
+            f"@@MEEBOX_LLM_ERROR@@ {json.dumps({'cli': cli, 'message': message})}",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+            flush=True,
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        _debug(f"emit llm error failed (ignored): {exc}")
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/run-executor.ts b/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/run-executor.ts
index 398e0234..7701eb8f 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/run-executor.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/run-executor.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
 } from '@meebox/pr-agent-bridge';
 import {
   addFindingClosure,
+  classifyLlmFailure,
   dropPendingFindingDrafts,
   finishReviewRun,
   parseReviewOutput,
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ import {
   accumulateUsageSentinel,
   finalizeUsage,
   newUsageAcc,
-  stripUsageSentinels,
+  parseLlmErrorSentinel,
+  stripShimSentinels,
 } from './usage.js';
 import { neutralizeWorktreeInstructions } from './worktree-sanitize.js';
 
@@ -171,12 +173,18 @@ export class RunExecutor {
       durationMs: Date.now() - t0,
       exitCode: result.exitCode,
       stdout,
-      stderr: stripUsageSentinels(result.stderr),
+      stderr: stripShimSentinels(result.stderr),
       tokenUsage,
     };
     if (parsed.llmFailure) {
+      // pr-agent's fallback retry only logs "Failed to generate prediction with any model" to stdout and hides the real
+      // exception in loguru's artifact field, so prefer the shim's stderr sentinel when present — it carries the actual
+      // provider/CLI error, which is also the only text worth classifying into an actionable hint.
+      const sentinel = parseLlmErrorSentinel(result.stderr);
+      const message = sentinel?.message ?? parsed.llmFailure.message;
+      const errorHint = classifyLlmFailure(message);
       this.ctx.logger.warn(
-        { runId, reason: parsed.llmFailure.message },
+        { runId, reason: message, cli: sentinel?.cli, hint: errorHint },
         'pragent exit 0 but LLM call failed; marking run as failed',
       );
       // Failed runs get no structured collection — findings set empty, UI shows only raw output (no chatpane finding card).
@@ -184,7 +192,8 @@ export class RunExecutor {
         ...base,
         status: 'failed',
         errorReason: 'llm-error',
-        errorMessage: parsed.llmFailure.message,
+        errorMessage: message,
+        ...(errorHint ? { errorHint } : {}),
         findings: [],
       };
     }
@@ -225,7 +234,7 @@ export class RunExecutor {
         errorReason: err.reason,
         errorMessage: err.message,
         stdout: err.result.stdout,
-        stderr: stripUsageSentinels(err.result.stderr),
+        stderr: stripShimSentinels(err.result.stderr),
         findings: [],
         tokenUsage,
       };
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/usage.ts b/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/usage.ts
index 33ba4076..922fac06 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/usage.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/main/services/pr-agent/usage.ts
@@ -73,13 +73,51 @@ export function finalizeUsage(acc: UsageAcc): TokenUsage | undefined {
 }
 
 /**
- * Strip usage sentinel lines from stderr before persistence: onLine already intercepts them in real time without forwarding, but exec internally
+ * Strip shim sentinel lines from stderr before persistence: onLine already intercepts them in real time without forwarding, but exec internally
  * accumulates all stderr into result.stderr (including sentinels), so clear these noise lines before persisting.
  */
-export function stripUsageSentinels(stderr: string | undefined): string | undefined {
+export function stripShimSentinels(stderr: string | undefined): string | undefined {
   if (!stderr) return stderr;
   return stderr
     .split('\n')
-    .filter((l) => !l.includes(USAGE_SENTINEL))
+    .filter((l) => !l.includes(USAGE_SENTINEL) && !l.includes(LLM_ERROR_SENTINEL))
     .join('\n');
 }
+
+/**
+ * LLM-error sentinel-line prefix (kept consistent with the shim's usage._emit_llm_error). Shares the stderr sentinel
+ * channel with usage: pr-agent's fallback retry logs the underlying exception into loguru's `artifact=` field, which the
+ * default format drops, so the real cause never reaches stdout — the shim routes it out of band through this line.
+ */
+export const LLM_ERROR_SENTINEL = '@@MEEBOX_LLM_ERROR@@';
+
+/**
+ * Pull the LLM-call cause out of stderr sentinel lines, returning the **last** one (a run may retry several times; the last
+ * is what actually sank the run). Bad JSON / a missing message is ignored — this is a diagnostic enrichment, never a
+ * reason to fail differently.
+ */
+export function parseLlmErrorSentinel(
+  stderr: string | undefined,
+): { cli?: string; message: string } | undefined {
+  if (!stderr) return undefined;
+  let found: { cli?: string; message: string } | undefined;
+  for (const line of stderr.split('\n')) {
+    const i = line.indexOf(LLM_ERROR_SENTINEL);
+    if (i < 0) continue;
+    try {
+      const rec = JSON.parse(line.slice(i + LLM_ERROR_SENTINEL.length).trim()) as {
+        cli?: unknown;
+        message?: unknown;
+      };
+      if (typeof rec.message === 'string' && rec.message.trim()) {
+        found = {
+          cli: typeof rec.cli === 'string' ? rec.cli : undefined,
+          message: rec.message.trim(),
+        };
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // Malformed sentinel → skip, keep any earlier one.
+    }
+  }
+  return found;
+}
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/components/features/chat/components/RunResultView.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/components/features/chat/components/RunResultView.tsx
index 2387d75c..610122f7 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/components/features/chat/components/RunResultView.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/components/features/chat/components/RunResultView.tsx
@@ -229,6 +229,12 @@ export function RunResultView({
           {run.errorMessage && !isCancelled && (
             <pre className="chat-error-detail">{run.errorMessage}</pre>
           )}
+          {/* Actionable hint on top of the raw cause: the message above is the provider's own wording (English, technical),
+              which doesn't tell the user what to do. A recognized kind adds one localized line of remedy — currently
+              「the model is unavailable, change it」, whose fix lives outside the app for a local CLI provider. */}
+          {run.errorHint === 'model-unavailable' && !isCancelled && (
+            <p className="chat-error-hint">{t('chatPane.llmErrorHint.modelUnavailable')}</p>
+          )}
           {/* Failed / cancelled no longer show a separate output block: the pr-agent log is already in the collapsible「raw output」above (stdout contains
               the [pr-agent stdout log] segment, same source as stderr), avoiding duplicating the same log into two blocks. */}
         </div>
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/de-DE.json b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/de-DE.json
index f4083b55..47f5e205 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/de-DE.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/de-DE.json
@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@
     "goToSettings": "Zu den Einstellungen",
     "inputAria": "Chat-Eingabe",
     "llmCallFailed": "LLM-Aufruf fehlgeschlagen",
+    "llmErrorHint": {
+      "modelUnavailable": "Das angeforderte Modell ist nicht verfügbar. Bei einem lokalen CLI-Anbieter stammt das Modell aus der Konfiguration dieser CLI — stellen Sie dort auf ein unterstütztes Modell um und führen Sie den Lauf erneut aus."
+    },
     "mergeConfirmLabel": "Mergen",
     "mergeConfirmMessage": "„{{title}}“ in den Zielbranch mergen? Dies kann nicht rückgängig gemacht werden.",
     "mergeConfirmTitle": "PR mergen",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en-US.json b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en-US.json
index def9c738..45fbae10 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en-US.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/en-US.json
@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@
     "goToSettings": "Go to Settings",
     "inputAria": "Chat input",
     "llmCallFailed": "LLM call failed",
+    "llmErrorHint": {
+      "modelUnavailable": "The requested model is unavailable. With a local CLI provider the model comes from that CLI's own configuration — switch it to a supported model there, then run again."
+    },
     "mergeConfirmLabel": "Merge",
     "mergeConfirmMessage": "Merge \"{{title}}\" into its target branch? This can't be undone.",
     "mergeConfirmTitle": "Merge PR",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja-JP.json b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja-JP.json
index 5f1542f7..2929031a 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja-JP.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/ja-JP.json
@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@
     "goToSettings": "設定へ移動",
     "inputAria": "チャット入力",
     "llmCallFailed": "LLM の呼び出しに失敗しました",
+    "llmErrorHint": {
+      "modelUnavailable": "要求されたモデルは利用できません。ローカル CLI プロバイダーの場合、モデルはその CLI 自身の設定で決まります。CLI 側でサポートされているモデルに変更してから再実行してください。"
+    },
     "mergeConfirmLabel": "マージ",
     "mergeConfirmMessage": "「{{title}}」をターゲットブランチにマージしますか？この操作は取り消せません。",
     "mergeConfirmTitle": "PR をマージ",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
index e220dc1b..ad5bec2d 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@
     "goToSettings": "去设置",
     "inputAria": "聊天输入框",
     "llmCallFailed": "LLM 调用失败",
+    "llmErrorHint": {
+      "modelUnavailable": "所请求的模型不可用。使用本地 CLI 供应商时，模型由该 CLI 自身的配置决定，请在 CLI 中改用受支持的模型后重新运行。"
+    },
     "mergeConfirmLabel": "合并",
     "mergeConfirmMessage": "确定将「{{title}}」合并到目标分支？此操作不可撤销。",
     "mergeConfirmTitle": "合并 PR",
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/styles/features/chat/run.scss b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/styles/features/chat/run.scss
index 020a84a3..4a861667 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/styles/features/chat/run.scss
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/renderer/src/styles/features/chat/run.scss
@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@
   color: $text-muted;
 }
 
+// Actionable remedy line under the raw cause: prose (not mono like .chat-error-detail), so it reads as guidance
+// from the app rather than as more provider output.
+.chat-error-hint {
+  margin: $space-2 0 0;
+  font-size: $fs-xs;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
 // stderr / stdout collapsible area embedded in a failed run: one extra level of indentation inside the chat-error red banner
 .chat-error-stderr,
 .chat-error-stdout {
diff --git a/docs/arch/02-agent/05-pragent-runtime.md b/docs/arch/02-agent/05-pragent-runtime.md
index b0b904e2..f253597a 100644
--- a/docs/arch/02-agent/05-pragent-runtime.md
+++ b/docs/arch/02-agent/05-pragent-runtime.md
@@ -104,6 +104,11 @@ litellm**.
 - **Reuse the CLI's own login state**: the subprocess inherits `HOME`/`USERPROFILE`, and the CLI reads its own login credentials (e.g. `~/.claude`) to run.
   To avoid a stray API key in the local environment leaking in and overriding the CLI's own login method, the shim explicitly strips
   `ANTHROPIC_API_KEY` / `ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN` from the subprocess env. The model used, the quota and compliance are all decided by that CLI's account and the user's authorization.
+- **Error source on a non-zero exit**: not every CLI reports its failure on stderr — `codex exec --json` writes `turn.failed` / `error`
+  events into the **stdout** JSONL stream and leaves stderr empty, so taking stderr alone would raise with an empty reason and the real
+  cause (auth expired / model unavailable / quota) would never reach the log, leaving only pr-agent's generic "all fallback models failed".
+  A spec may therefore declare an `error_extractor` that pulls the verdict out of stdout (precedence `turn.failed` → the last `error`
+  event → an `item.completed` error item), with stderr as the fallback for commands without one.
 - **Proxy auto pass-through**: the subprocess env is copied from `os.environ` (only the two API keys above removed), and `HTTP(S)_PROXY` / `NO_PROXY`
   are kept as-is → `claude`'s egress automatically goes through the user-configured proxy (see [Networking & proxy](../99-core/03-networking-proxy.md)), no extra setup needed.
 - **token usage**: from the claude JSON's `usage`, construct the same `@@MEEBOX_USAGE@@` sentinel, accumulated by the same main-process path. The ↑ total input takes
diff --git a/packages/poller/src/parse-output.ts b/packages/poller/src/parse-output.ts
index 0a3bf21d..265119ea 100644
--- a/packages/poller/src/parse-output.ts
+++ b/packages/poller/src/parse-output.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,35 @@ export interface ParsedReviewOutput {
   llmFailure?: { message: string };
 }
 
+/**
+ * Actionable classification of an LLM failure, used by the UI to add a "what to do about it" hint on top of the raw
+ * technical message. Only cases with a concrete user action get a kind; everything else stays unclassified (undefined)
+ * and renders the message alone.
+ *
+ * - `model-unavailable`: the model the provider was asked for does not exist / is not accessible for this account.
+ *   Typical with a local CLI provider, whose model is pinned in the CLI's own config (e.g. `~/.codex/config.toml`)
+ *   and can be retired upstream at any time — the app never chose it, so the fix is to change it there.
+ */
+export type LlmFailureKind = 'model-unavailable';
+
+/**
+ * Classify an LLM failure message into an actionable kind, or undefined when nothing actionable is recognized.
+ * Matches the wording of both the direct-API path (litellm `NotFoundError` / `model_not_found`) and the local CLI path
+ * (codex's `The model \`x\` does not exist or you do not have access to it` / `is not supported when using ...`).
+ */
+export function classifyLlmFailure(message: string): LlmFailureKind | undefined {
+  const m = stripAnsi(message);
+  if (
+    /model_not_found/i.test(m) ||
+    /\bmodel\b[^\n]{0,80}\bdoes not exist\b/i.test(m) ||
+    /\bmodel\b[^\n]{0,80}\bis not supported\b/i.test(m) ||
+    /\bdo(?:es)? not have access to (?:it|this model)\b/i.test(m)
+  ) {
+    return 'model-unavailable';
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
 /**
  * Scan stdout for a marker of all LLM calls failing. When pr-agent's fallback retry exhausts all alternate
  * models and still fails, it only logger.error's one line "Failed to <tool> PR: Failed to generate
diff --git a/packages/poller/tests/parse-output.test.ts b/packages/poller/tests/parse-output.test.ts
index 0e26e369..0de269ab 100644
--- a/packages/poller/tests/parse-output.test.ts
+++ b/packages/poller/tests/parse-output.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import {
+  classifyLlmFailure,
   parseReviewOutput,
   parseStructuredAsk,
   sectionToFinding,
@@ -698,3 +699,33 @@ describe('parseStructuredAsk', () => {
     expect(parseReviewOutput('<summary>x</summary>', 'ask').askVerdict).toBeUndefined();
   });
 });
+
+describe('classifyLlmFailure', () => {
+  it('codex: model retired upstream (404 wording) → model-unavailable', () => {
+    expect(
+      classifyLlmFailure(
+        "CLI 'codex' exit code 1: unexpected status 404 Not Found: The model `gpt-5.5` does not exist or you do not have access to it., url: https://chatgpt.com/backend-api/codex/responses",
+      ),
+    ).toBe('model-unavailable');
+  });
+
+  it('codex: model not entitled for the account → model-unavailable', () => {
+    expect(
+      classifyLlmFailure(
+        "The 'gpt-5.1-codex' model is not supported when using Codex with a ChatGPT account.",
+      ),
+    ).toBe('model-unavailable');
+  });
+
+  it('direct API: litellm model_not_found → model-unavailable', () => {
+    expect(
+      classifyLlmFailure('litellm.NotFoundError: The model `x` was not found (model_not_found)'),
+    ).toBe('model-unavailable');
+  });
+
+  it('unrelated failures stay unclassified (no misleading remedy)', () => {
+    expect(classifyLlmFailure('litellm.AuthenticationError: invalid api key')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(classifyLlmFailure('Read timed out after 600s')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(classifyLlmFailure("CLI 'codex' returned an empty reply")).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/poller-contract.ts b/packages/shared/src/poller-contract.ts
index 5b6ecd5b..be2e9380 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/poller-contract.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/poller-contract.ts
@@ -345,6 +345,13 @@ export interface ReviewRun {
   exitCode?: number;
   errorReason?: ReviewRunFailureReason;
   errorMessage?: string;
+  /**
+   * Actionable classification of the failure, when one is recognized (see poller's classifyLlmFailure). errorMessage stays
+   * the raw technical cause; this drives an extra "how to fix it" line in the UI, localized by the frontend from the kind.
+   * Currently only `model-unavailable` (the provider rejected the requested model — for a local CLI provider the model
+   * lives in that CLI's own config, so the user has to change it there). Historical runs don't have it.
+   */
+  errorHint?: 'model-unavailable';
   /** Raw stdout text; still kept after M3-B2 parses it into findings, for "see original" debugging */
   stdout?: string;
   /** Raw stderr text */