doubling

Author: ia7ck

libs/doubling/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[package]
+name = "doubling"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["ia7ck <23146842+ia7ck@users.noreply.github.com>"]
+edition = "2024"
+license = "CC0-1.0"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+proptest = "1.9.0"

libs/doubling/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/// ダブリング
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```
+/// use doubling::{Doubling, Transition, Value};
+///
+/// #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
+/// struct Sum(i64);
+///
+/// impl Value for Sum {
+///     fn op(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
+///         Sum(self.0 + other.0)
+///     }
+/// }
+///
+/// struct E {
+///     to: usize,
+///     value: i64,
+/// }
+///
+/// // 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, ...
+/// let n = 3;
+/// let to = vec![
+///     E { to: 1, value: 1 },
+///     E { to: 2, value: 10 },
+///     E { to: 0, value: 100 },
+/// ];
+/// let doubling = Doubling::new(n, 100, |i| {
+///     let e = &to[i];
+///     Transition::new(e.to, Sum(e.value))
+/// });
+///
+/// assert_eq!(
+///     doubling.fold(0, 4, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+///     // 0 -> 1 -> 2 -> 0 -> 1
+///     Sum(1 + 10 + 100 + 1)
+/// );
+/// ```
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Doubling<V> {
+    transitions: Vec<Transition<V>>,
+    n_state: usize,
+    max_steps: usize,
+    log2_max_steps: usize,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Transition<V> {
+    pub next: usize,
+    pub value: V,
+}
+
+impl<V> Transition<V> {
+    pub fn new(next: usize, value: V) -> Self {
+        Self { next, value }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait Value {
+    fn op(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;
+}
+
+impl<V> Doubling<V>
+where
+    V: Value,
+{
+    /// ダブリングのテーブルを構築します。
+    ///
+    /// `step1(i)`は状態`i`から1回の遷移における
+    ///
+    /// - 遷移先の状態
+    /// - その遷移にともなう値
+    ///
+    /// を返す関数。
+    pub fn new<F>(n_state: usize, max_steps: usize, step1: F) -> Self
+    where
+        F: Fn(usize) -> Transition<V>,
+    {
+        let log2_max_steps = if max_steps == 0 {
+            0
+        } else {
+            max_steps.ilog2() as usize
+        };
+
+        let mut transitions = Vec::with_capacity(n_state * (log2_max_steps + 1));
+        for i in 0..n_state {
+            let t = step1(i);
+
+            assert!(t.next < n_state);
+
+            transitions.push(t);
+        }
+
+        for k in 1..=log2_max_steps {
+            let offset = n_state * (k - 1);
+            for i in 0..n_state {
+                let t1 = &transitions[offset + i];
+                let t2 = &transitions[offset + t1.next];
+                transitions.push(Transition {
+                    next: t2.next,
+                    value: t1.value.op(&t2.value),
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        Self {
+            transitions,
+            n_state,
+            max_steps,
+            log2_max_steps,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// 状態`start`から`step`回の遷移、初期値`init`から始めて`f`で畳みこんだ結果を返します。
+    pub fn fold<A, F>(&self, start: usize, step: usize, init: A, f: F) -> A
+    where
+        F: Fn(A, &Transition<V>) -> A,
+    {
+        assert!(start < self.n_state);
+        assert!(step <= self.max_steps);
+
+        let mut i = start;
+        let mut acc = init;
+        for k in 0..=self.log2_max_steps {
+            if step >> k & 1 == 1 {
+                let offset = self.n_state * k;
+                let t = &self.transitions[offset + i];
+                (i, acc) = (t.next, f(acc, t));
+            }
+        }
+
+        acc
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use ::proptest::{collection, prelude::*};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
+    struct Sum(i64);
+
+    impl Value for Sum {
+        fn op(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
+            Sum(self.0 + other.0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_cycle() {
+        struct E {
+            to: usize,
+            value: i64,
+        }
+
+        // 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, ...
+        let n = 3;
+        let to = vec![
+            E { to: 1, value: 1 },
+            E { to: 2, value: 10 },
+            E { to: 0, value: 100 },
+        ];
+        let doubling = Doubling::new(n, 100, |i| {
+            let e = &to[i];
+            Transition::new(e.to, Sum(e.value))
+        });
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            doubling.fold(0, 0, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+            Sum(0)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            doubling.fold(0, 1, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+            Sum(1)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            doubling.fold(0, 2, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+            Sum(1 + 10)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            doubling.fold(0, 3, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+            Sum(1 + 10 + 100)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            doubling.fold(0, 4, Sum(0), |acc, t| Sum(acc.0 + t.value.0)),
+            Sum(1 + 10 + 100 + 1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    impl Value for String {
+        fn op(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
+            format!("{}{}", self, other)
+        }
+    }
+
+    proptest! {
+        #[test]
+        fn test_fold_associativity(
+            (n_state, max_steps, nexts, values, start, step1, step2) in (1_usize..=10, 0_usize..=100)
+                .prop_flat_map(|(n_state, max_steps)| {
+                    (
+                        Just(n_state),
+                        Just(max_steps),
+                        collection::vec(0..n_state, n_state),
+                        collection::vec(proptest::char::range('a', 'z'), n_state),
+                    )
+                })
+                .prop_flat_map(|(n_state, max_steps, nexts, values)| {
+                    (
+                        Just(n_state),
+                        Just(max_steps),
+                        Just(nexts),
+                        Just(values),
+                        0..n_state,
+                        0..=max_steps,
+                    )
+                })
+                .prop_flat_map(|(n_state, max_steps, nexts, values, start, step1)| {
+                    (
+                        Just(n_state),
+                        Just(max_steps),
+                        Just(nexts),
+                        Just(values),
+                        Just(start),
+                        Just(step1),
+                        0..=(max_steps - step1),
+                    )
+                })
+        ) {
+            let doubling = Doubling::new(n_state, max_steps, |i| {
+                Transition::new(nexts[i], values[i].to_string())
+            });
+
+            #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+            struct Acc {
+                value: String,
+                state: usize,
+            }
+
+            let init = Acc {
+                value: String::new(),
+                state: start,
+            };
+            let f = |acc: Acc, t: &Transition<String>| Acc {
+                value: format!("{}{}", acc.value, t.value),
+                state: t.next,
+            };
+
+            let combined = doubling.fold(start, step1 + step2, init.clone(), f);
+
+            let intermediate = doubling.fold(start, step1, init.clone(), f);
+            let split = doubling.fold(intermediate.state, step2, intermediate.clone(), f);
+
+            prop_assert_eq!(combined.value, split.value);
+        }
+    }
+}