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id="local-search-input"></div></div><div id="local-search-result"></div></div></div></nav></div></header><main id="main" class="main"><div class="main-inner"><div class="content-wrap"><div id="content" class="content"><div id="posts" class="posts-expand"><article class="post post-type-normal" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"><div class="post-block"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://www.playpi.org/2018122701.html"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="name" content="虾丸派"><meta itemprop="description" content="记录知识 | 分享技术"><meta itemprop="image" content="/images/favicon-1536x1536-playpi.png"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="虾丸派"></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">HDFS 异常之 Filesystem closed</h2><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-time"><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建于" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-12-27T17:35:54+08:00">2018-12-27 </time></span><span class="post-category"><span class="post-meta-divider">|</span> <span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/series-of-hadoop/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Hadoop 从零基础到入门系列</span> </a></span></span><span id="busuanzi_container_page_pv" style="display:none"><span class="post-meta-divider">|</span> 阅读次数 <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span></span><div class="post-wordcount"><span class="post-meta-item-text">字数统计</span> <span title="字数统计">1,481字 </span><span class="post-meta-divider">|</span> <span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长 ≈</span> <span title="阅读时长">7分钟</span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>今天通过 Hadoop 的 api 去操作 HDFS 里面的文件，读取文本内容，但是在代码里面总是抛出以下异常：</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Caused by: java.io.IOException: Filesystem closed</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然而文本内容又是正常读取出来的，但是我隐隐觉得读取的文本内容可能不全，应该只是所有文本内容的一部分。本文就记录这个问题的原因、影响以及解决方法。</p><a id="more"></a><h1 id="问题出现"><a href="# 问题出现" class="headerlink" title="问题出现"></a>问题出现</h1><p>通过查看日志发现，有大量的异常日志打印出来，全部都是操作 HDFS 的时候产生的，有的是使用 Spark 连接 HDFS 读取文本数据，有的是使用 Hadoop 的 Java api 通过文件流来读取数据，每次读取操作都会产生一个如下异常信息（会影响实际读取的内容，多个 DataNode 的内容会漏掉）：</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="number">2018</span>-<span class="number">12</span>-<span class="number">26_23</span>:<span class="number">25</span>:<span class="number">46</span> [SparkListenerBus] ERROR scheduler.LiveListenerBus:<span class="number">95</span>: Listener EventLoggingListener threw an exception</span><br><span class="line">java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException</span><br><span class="line"> at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor33.invoke (Unknown Source)</span><br><span class="line"> at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke (DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:<span class="number">43</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Method.java:<span class="number">498</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.EventLoggingListener$$anonfun$logEvent$<span class="number">3</span>.apply (EventLoggingListener.scala:<span class="number">150</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.EventLoggingListener$$anonfun$logEvent$<span class="number">3</span>.apply (EventLoggingListener.scala:<span class="number">150</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at scala.Option.foreach (Option.scala:<span class="number">236</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.EventLoggingListener.logEvent (EventLoggingListener.scala:<span class="number">150</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.EventLoggingListener.onJobStart (EventLoggingListener.scala:<span class="number">173</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.SparkListenerBus$class.onPostEvent (SparkListenerBus.scala:34)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.LiveListenerBus.onPostEvent (LiveListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">31</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.scheduler.LiveListenerBus.onPostEvent (LiveListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">31</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.ListenerBus$class.postToAll (ListenerBus.scala:55)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus.postToAll (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">37</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus$$anon$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$run$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$apply$mcV$sp$<span class="number">1</span>.apply$mcV$sp (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">80</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus$$anon$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$run$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$apply$mcV$sp$<span class="number">1</span>.apply (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">65</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus$$anon$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$run$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$apply$mcV$sp$<span class="number">1</span>.apply (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">65</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at scala.util.DynamicVariable.withValue (DynamicVariable.scala:<span class="number">57</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus$$anon$<span class="number">1</span>$$anonfun$run$<span class="number">1</span>.apply$mcV$sp (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">64</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.tryOrStopSparkContext (Utils.scala:<span class="number">1181</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.spark.util.AsynchronousListenerBus$$anon$<span class="number">1</span>.run (AsynchronousListenerBus.scala:<span class="number">63</span>)</span><br><span class="line">Caused by: java.io.IOException: Filesystem closed</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.checkOpen (DFSClient.java:<span class="number">795</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream.flushOrSync (DFSOutputStream.java:<span class="number">1986</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream.hflush (DFSOutputStream.java:<span class="number">1947</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream.hflush (FSDataOutputStream.java:<span class="number">130</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> ... <span class="number">20</span> more</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>最直接清晰的描述就是：</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Caused by: java.io.IOException: Filesystem closed</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上述异常信息表明 HDFS 的 Filesystem 被关闭了，但是代码仍旧试图打开文件流读取内容。</p><h1 id="问题解决"><a href="# 问题解决" class="headerlink" title="问题解决"></a>问题解决</h1><h2 id="分析一下"><a href="# 分析一下" class="headerlink" title="分析一下"></a> 分析一下</h2><p>根据上述信息，查看代码，每次操作 HDFS 都是独立的，会先根据统一的 conf 创建 Filesystem，然后根据文件路径创建 Path，打开输入流，读取内容，读取完成后关闭 Filesystem，没有什么异常的地方。</p><p>同时，根据异常信息可以发现，异常的抛出点并不是业务逻辑代码，更像是已经开始开启文件流读取文件，读着读着 Filesystem 就被关闭了，然后引发了异常，而业务逻辑中并没有突然关闭 Filesystem 的地方，也没有多线程操作 Filesystem 的地方。</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 获取文件内容 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 纯文本，不做转换 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 如果传入目录，返回空内容 </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> hdfsFile</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Set<String> <span class="title">getFileContent</span><span class="params">(String hdfsFile)</span> </span>{</span><br><span class="line"> Set<String> dataResult = <span class="keyword">new</span> HashSet<>();</span><br><span class="line"> FileSystem fs = <span class="keyword">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 连接 hdfs</span></span><br><span class="line"> fs = FileSystem.get (CONF);</span><br><span class="line"> Path path = <span class="keyword">new</span> Path (hdfsFile);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (fs.isFile (path)) {</span><br><span class="line"> FSDataInputStream fsDataInputStream = fs.open (path);</span><br><span class="line"> BufferedReader bufferedReader = <span class="keyword">new</span> BufferedReader (<span class="keyword">new</span> InputStreamReader (fsDataInputStream));</span><br><span class="line"> String line = <span class="keyword">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> (<span class="keyword">null</span> != (line = bufferedReader.readLine ())) {</span><br><span class="line"> dataResult.add (line);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> LOGGER.error (<span class="string">"!!!! 当前输入参数为目录，不读取内容:{}"</span>, hdfsFile);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) {</span><br><span class="line"> LOGGER.error (<span class="string">"!!!! 处理 hdfs 出错:"</span> + e.getMessage (), e);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">finally</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">null</span> != fs) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> fs.close ();</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">catch</span> (IOException e) {</span><br><span class="line"> LOGGER.error (<span class="string">"!!!! 关闭文件流出错:"</span> + e.getMessage (), e);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> dataResult;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>通过查找文档发现，这个异常是 Filesystem 的缓存导致的。</p><p>当任务提交到集群上面以后，多个 datanode 在 getFileSystem 过程中，由于 Configuration 一样，会得到同一个 FileSystem。如果有一个 datanode 在使用完关闭连接，其它的 datanode 在访问时就会出现上述异常，导致数据缺失（如果数据恰好只存在一个 datanode 上面，可能没问题）。</p><h2 id="找到方法"><a href="# 找到方法" class="headerlink" title="找到方法"></a>找到方法</h2><p>通过上面的分析，找到了原因所在，那么解决方法有 2 种：</p><p>1、可以在 HDFS 的 core-site.xml 配置文件里面把 fs.hdfs.impl.disable.cache 设置为 true，这样设置会全局生效，所有使用这个配置文件的连接都会使用这种方式，有时候可能不想这样更改，那就使用第 2 种方式；</p><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">property</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">name</span>></span>fs.hdfs.impl.disable.cache<span class="tag"></<span class="name">name</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">value</span>></span>true<span class="tag"></<span class="name">value</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">property</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、在 HDFS 提供的 Java api 里面更改配置信息，则会只针对使用当前 conf 的连接有效，相当于临时参数。</p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 缓存 fs, 避免多 datanode 异常：Caused by: java.io.IOException: Filesystem closed</span></span><br><span class="line">CONF.setBoolean (<span class="string">"fs.hdfs.impl.disable.cache"</span>, <span class="keyword">true</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上面 2 种方法的目的都是为了关闭缓存 Filesyetem 实例，这样每次获得的 Filesystem 实例都是独立的，不会产生上述的异常，但是缺点就是会增加网络的 I/O，频繁开启、关闭文件流。</p><h1 id="问题总结"><a href="# 问题总结" class="headerlink" title="问题总结"></a>问题总结</h1><p>1、参考：<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23779186/ioexception-filesystem-closed-exception-when-running-oozie-workflow" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23779186/ioexception-filesystem-closed-exception-when-running-oozie-workflow</a> ；</p><p>2、保留日志，查看日志很重要；</p><p>3、FileSytem 类内部有一个 static CACHE，用来保存每种文件系统的实例集合，FileSystem 类中可以通过参数 fs.% s.impl.disable.cache 来指定是否禁用缓存 FileSystem 实例（其中 % s 替换为相应的 scheme，比如 hdfs、local、s3、s3n 等）。如果没禁用，一旦创建了相应的 FileSystem 实例，这个实例将会保存在缓存中，此后每次 get 都会获取同一个实例，但是如果被关闭了，则再次用到就会无法获取（多 datanode 读取数据的时候）；</p><p>4、源码分析放在以后，留坑。</p></div><div><div id="wechat_subscriber" style="display:block;padding:10px 0;margin:20px auto;width:100%;text-align:center"><img 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