diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c3482413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+title: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida
+- Publication date: 2026-06-01
+- Source type: Official government press release
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-files-first-nation-state-led-lawsuit-against-openai-ceo
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official press release. Use for the announcement date, the Attorney General’s characterization of the suit, and the statement that a separate criminal investigation into the Florida State University shooting remained ongoing. Prefer the filed complaint for counts and parties. Advocacy framing in quoted remarks is not a finding of liability.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8620ed3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+title: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Official announcement that Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida
+- Publication date: 2026-04-21
+- Source type: Official government press release
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-launches-criminal-investigation-openai-chatgpt
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official press release. Primary for the existence and announced scope of the investigation and for the described subpoena categories. Not a charging instrument, indictment, or finding of criminal liability. Treat quoted characterizations of ChatGPT as the Attorney General’s allegations.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e3385e2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida, Department of Legal Affairs
+- Publication date: 2026-06-01
+- Source type: State court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/sites/default/files/openai-filed-stamped-complaint.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official Attorney General-hosted file-stamped complaint, E-Filed June 1, 2026 (Filing # 249302659) in the Circuit Court of the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, Florida. Primary source for parties, counts, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. The PDF caption leaves the case number blank; use the official press release for the announcement and later docket entries for the assigned number. Do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of self-harm discussed in the pleading.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9f717ddd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Vandana Joshi (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2026-05-10
+- Source type: District court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644.1.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the original complaint in No. 4:26-cv-00222 (N.D. Fla., Tallahassee Division). Primary source for parties, claims, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. This page concerns a mass shooting and a minor’s survivors; do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or operational details of the attack.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..66f2fcc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Federal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Emily Lyons (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2025-12-29
+- Source type: District court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.461878/gov.uscourts.cand.461878.1.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the original complaint in No. 3:25-cv-11037 (N.D. Cal.). Primary source for parties, counts, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. Do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or details of the deaths.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6755fb92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Northern District of California order denying OpenAI’s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Chief Judge Richard Seeborg)
+- Publication date: 2026-04-13
+- Source type: District court order (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.461878/gov.uscourts.cand.461878.42.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the April 13, 2026 order in No. 25-cv-11037-RS. Primary authority for the Colorado River ruling and for the court’s recitation that a February 3, 2026 petition coordinated twelve California state actions against ChatGPT, including the Adams estate suit. Not a merits finding of liability or causation.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2168c57a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+---
+id: SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+title: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Secondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Thomas R. Waskom, Hunton Andrews Kurth (National Law Review)
+- Publication date: 2026-05-20
+- Source type: Secondary legal journalism
+- URL: https://natlawreview.com/article/california-superior-court-consolidates-product-liability-actions-against-openai
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Reputable secondary commentary. Use to corroborate the JCCP caption and number and the description of the coordinated theories. The article misstates Joshi’s district as the Middle District of Florida; the complaint is in the Northern District. Prefer court filings for captions, dates, and holdings. The page footer records a later republication date of August 27, 2026.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..173d3df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+id: SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - first-amendment
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Matthew Raine and Maria Raine (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2025-08-26
+- Source type: State court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/raine-vs-openai-et-al-complaint.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Journalist-hosted copy of the original San Francisco Superior Court complaint later docketed as CGC-25-628528. Primary source for original claims and parties. Allegations are unverified. Later amended pleadings and the JCCP 5431 coordination control for operative posture. This page concerns a minor’s death; do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of harm. Replace with a court-hosted or RECAP original when available.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..67090956
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+id: SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+title: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Tech Justice Law Project
+- Publication date: 2026-02-03
+- Source type: Counsel case update
+- URL: https://techjusticelaw.org/updates/case-update-chatgpt-product-liability-litigation-coordinated-in-california-jccp/
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Self-reported update by plaintiffs’ counsel in constituent ChatGPT product-liability cases, including Raine. Use for the JCCP number (5431), the ChatGPT Product Liability Cases caption, and the statement that actions from Los Angeles, San Francisco, Alameda, and San Diego were centralized in San Francisco. Corroborate coordination date and the existence of twelve coordinated state actions with the Lyons federal order. Add the signed coordination-order PDF as a primary source when a stable URL is captured.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md b/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6fb4e8ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+id: SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+title: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - first-amendment
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia (Judge Tracie Cason)
+- Publication date: 2025-05-19
+- Source type: State court order (PDF)
+- URL: https://lawrpg.org/2025/ai-and-the-law/cases/walters/walters-summary-judgment-order.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Hosted copy of the e-filed order in Civil Action No. 23-A-04860-2, stamped May 19, 2025 by the Gwinnett County Clerk. Primary authority for the three independent grounds of summary judgment. Replace with a clerk-hosted or RECAP original when available. Trial-court order; not appellate precedent.
+
+## Used For
+
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
diff --git a/generated/bibliography.json b/generated/bibliography.json
index 7700f6e1..8f661709 100644
--- a/generated/bibliography.json
+++ b/generated/bibliography.json
@@ -3074,6 +3074,122 @@
"`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`"
]
},
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {
+ "access date": "2026-09-03",
+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida",
+ "publication date": "2026-06-01",
+ "source type": "Official government press release",
+ "url": "https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-files-first-nation-state-led-lawsuit-against-openai-ceo"
+ },
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md",
+ "relationships": [],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md",
+ "sources": [],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.",
+ "tags": [
+ "source",
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "public-policy"
+ ],
+ "title": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)",
+ "type": "source",
+ "used_for": [
+ "`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`",
+ "`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {
+ "access date": "2026-09-03",
+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida",
+ "publication date": "2026-04-21",
+ "source type": "Official government press release",
+ "url": "https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-launches-criminal-investigation-openai-chatgpt"
+ },
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md",
+ "relationships": [],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md",
+ "sources": [],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Official announcement that Florida\u2019s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT\u2019s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.",
+ "tags": [
+ "source",
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "public-policy"
+ ],
+ "title": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)",
+ "type": "source",
+ "used_for": [
+ "`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`",
+ "`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {
+ "access date": "2026-09-03",
+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida, Department of Legal Affairs",
+ "publication date": "2026-06-01",
+ "source type": "State court complaint (PDF)",
+ "url": "https://www.myfloridalegal.com/sites/default/files/openai-filed-stamped-complaint.pdf"
+ },
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md",
+ "relationships": [],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md",
+ "sources": [],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.",
+ "tags": [
+ "source",
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "public-policy"
+ ],
+ "title": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)",
+ "type": "source",
+ "used_for": [
+ "`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`",
+ "`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`",
+ "`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`"
+ ]
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {
@@ -4283,6 +4399,46 @@
"`PERSON-CINDY-COHN`"
]
},
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {
+ "access date": "2026-09-03",
+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Vandana Joshi (plaintiff filing)",
+ "publication date": "2026-05-10",
+ "source type": "District court complaint (PDF)",
+ "url": "https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644.1.0.pdf"
+ },
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md",
+ "relationships": [],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md",
+ "sources": [],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.",
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@@ -5045,6 +5201,86 @@
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]
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+ "digital-rights",
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@@ -5267,6 +5503,43 @@
"`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`"
]
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+ "author or issuing body": "Thomas R. Waskom, Hunton Andrews Kurth (National Law Review)",
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+ ],
+ "title": "National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)",
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@@ -6211,6 +6484,47 @@
"`PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV`"
]
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+ "author or issuing body": "Matthew Raine and Maria Raine (plaintiff filing)",
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+ "source type": "State court complaint (PDF)",
+ "url": "https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/raine-vs-openai-et-al-complaint.pdf"
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+ "source",
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights",
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"bibliographic_metadata": {
@@ -7614,6 +7928,44 @@
"`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`"
]
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+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Tech Justice Law Project",
+ "publication date": "2026-02-03",
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+ "url": "https://techjusticelaw.org/updates/case-update-chatgpt-product-liability-litigation-coordinated-in-california-jccp/"
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+ "summary": "Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.",
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+ "artificial-intelligence"
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"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {
@@ -8928,6 +9280,46 @@
"`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`"
]
},
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+ "bibliographic_metadata": {
+ "access date": "2026-09-03",
+ "archive url": "None recorded",
+ "author or issuing body": "Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia (Judge Tracie Cason)",
+ "publication date": "2025-05-19",
+ "source type": "State court order (PDF)",
+ "url": "https://lawrpg.org/2025/ai-and-the-law/cases/walters/walters-summary-judgment-order.pdf"
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+ "sources": [],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.",
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+ "source",
+ "case",
+ "first-amendment",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights"
+ ],
+ "title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)",
+ "type": "source",
+ "used_for": [
+ "`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`",
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"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {
diff --git a/generated/citations.json b/generated/citations.json
index 81a70c1a..2926cbcf 100644
--- a/generated/citations.json
+++ b/generated/citations.json
@@ -2753,6 +2753,141 @@
}
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{
"source_id": "SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO",
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@@ -2910,6 +3045,14 @@
"subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
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{
"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
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@@ -2934,6 +3077,43 @@
"subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
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"record_id": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"record_title": "AI Litigation Landscape",
@@ -2947,6 +3127,14 @@
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
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{
"object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY",
"predicate": "related_to",
@@ -3886,6 +4074,75 @@
}
]
},
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"source_id": "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143",
"source_title": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)",
@@ -4585,6 +4842,136 @@
}
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},
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{
"source_id": "SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT",
"source_title": "House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security",
@@ -4725,6 +5112,30 @@
}
]
},
+ {
+ "source_id": "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "source_title": "National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)",
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"source_title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)",
@@ -5306,6 +5717,80 @@
}
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},
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+ "usage": "page_source"
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{
"source_id": "SRC-RCFP-CONTACT",
"source_title": "Reporters Committee Contact Page",
@@ -6528,6 +7013,48 @@
}
]
},
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{
"source_id": "SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER",
"source_title": "Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router",
@@ -8124,6 +8651,75 @@
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+ "usage": "page_source"
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{
"source_id": "SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO",
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diff --git a/generated/glossary.json b/generated/glossary.json
index b75b3a67..c96ceea9 100644
--- a/generated/glossary.json
+++ b/generated/glossary.json
@@ -876,6 +876,79 @@
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+ "predicate": "related_to",
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+ ],
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+ "predicate": "related_to",
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+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "public-policy",
+ "digital-rights"
+ ],
+ "title": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
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"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -906,6 +979,14 @@
],
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},
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+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"
+ },
{
"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT",
"predicate": "related_to",
@@ -1142,6 +1223,80 @@
"type": "case",
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+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
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+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md",
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+ {
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
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+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "intermediary-liability"
+ ],
+ "title": "In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -1269,6 +1424,79 @@
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+ "predicate": "related_to",
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+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
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+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
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+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "notes": "Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.",
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "intermediary-liability"
+ ],
+ "title": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -1542,6 +1770,70 @@
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+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
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+ {
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+ "predicate": "related_to",
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+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "intermediary-liability"
+ ],
+ "title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": "2022-08",
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -1813,6 +2105,81 @@
"type": "case",
"used_for": []
},
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {},
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "relationships": [
+ {
+ "object": "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "notes": "Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.",
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "first-amendment",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "intermediary-liability"
+ ],
+ "title": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -2756,6 +3123,69 @@
"type": "case",
"used_for": []
},
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {},
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": "2025-05-19",
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "relationships": [
+ {
+ "object": "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.",
+ "tags": [
+ "case",
+ "first-amendment",
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "digital-rights"
+ ],
+ "title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.",
+ "type": "case",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -7966,6 +8396,137 @@
"type": "topic",
"used_for": []
},
+ {
+ "arrest_date": null,
+ "bibliographic_metadata": {},
+ "charge_date": null,
+ "decision_date": null,
+ "enactment_date": null,
+ "event_date": null,
+ "id": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "indictment_date": null,
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
+ "legislative_override_date": null,
+ "offense_date": null,
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md",
+ "relationships": [
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "notes": "Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.",
+ "object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ }
+ ],
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida\u2019s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.",
+ "tags": [
+ "artificial-intelligence",
+ "first-amendment",
+ "digital-rights",
+ "case-studies",
+ "intermediary-liability"
+ ],
+ "title": "Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation",
+ "type": "topic",
+ "used_for": []
+ },
{
"arrest_date": null,
"bibliographic_metadata": {},
@@ -7975,7 +8536,7 @@
"event_date": null,
"id": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"indictment_date": null,
- "last_verified": "2026-09-02",
+ "last_verified": "2026-09-03",
"legislative_override_date": null,
"offense_date": null,
"path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md",
@@ -8188,6 +8749,62 @@
"SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
}
],
"source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md",
@@ -8221,10 +8838,16 @@
"SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025",
"SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025",
"SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT",
- "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"
+ "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
],
"status": "draft",
- "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.",
+ "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.",
"tags": [
"artificial-intelligence",
"copyright",
diff --git a/generated/handbook.json b/generated/handbook.json
index d8ca6ca3..91cf2fc0 100644
--- a/generated/handbook.json
+++ b/generated/handbook.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
{
"description": "Generated linear handbook prototype from knowledge metadata.",
- "record_count": 153,
+ "record_count": 160,
"records": [
{
"id": "PERSON-AARON-WILLIAMSON",
@@ -411,6 +411,20 @@
"title": "Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.",
+ "title": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
"path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md",
@@ -464,6 +478,21 @@
"title": "Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.",
+ "title": "In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI",
"path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md",
@@ -489,6 +518,19 @@
"title": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.",
+ "title": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY",
"path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md",
@@ -542,6 +584,19 @@
"title": "Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.",
+ "title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV",
"path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md",
@@ -599,6 +654,20 @@
"title": "Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.",
+ "title": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU",
"path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md",
@@ -800,6 +869,18 @@
"title": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury",
"type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "id": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.",
+ "title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.",
+ "type": "case"
+ },
{
"id": "EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008",
"path": "knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md",
@@ -1823,6 +1904,28 @@
"title": "Copyright and Generative AI",
"type": "topic"
},
+ {
+ "id": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md",
+ "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "status": "draft",
+ "summary": "Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida\u2019s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.",
+ "title": "Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation",
+ "type": "topic"
+ },
{
"id": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md",
@@ -1857,10 +1960,16 @@
"SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025",
"SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025",
"SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT",
- "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"
+ "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
],
"status": "draft",
- "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.",
+ "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.",
"title": "AI Litigation Landscape",
"type": "topic"
},
diff --git a/generated/relationships.json b/generated/relationships.json
index 7bb62526..25c53cf7 100644
--- a/generated/relationships.json
+++ b/generated/relationships.json
@@ -553,6 +553,56 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
"notes": null,
@@ -573,6 +623,16 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
"notes": null,
@@ -723,6 +783,56 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI",
"notes": null,
@@ -803,6 +913,56 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": "Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.",
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY",
"notes": null,
@@ -983,6 +1143,46 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV",
"notes": null,
@@ -1153,6 +1353,56 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": "Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.",
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU",
"notes": null,
@@ -1734,6 +1984,46 @@
],
"subject": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025",
+ "predicate": "cites",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008",
"notes": null,
@@ -4418,6 +4708,116 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": "Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.",
+ "object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4488,6 +4888,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4518,6 +4928,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4538,6 +4958,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4558,6 +4988,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4568,6 +5008,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4628,6 +5078,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
@@ -4638,6 +5098,16 @@
],
"subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
},
+ {
+ "declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
+ "notes": null,
+ "object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
+ "predicate": "related_to",
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"
+ ],
+ "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"
+ },
{
"declared_in": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"notes": null,
diff --git a/generated/retrieval.json b/generated/retrieval.json
index ff5989d7..7d25eb8f 100644
--- a/generated/retrieval.json
+++ b/generated/retrieval.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
{
"description": "Generated AI retrieval dataset manifest.",
"jsonl_path": "generated/retrieval.jsonl",
- "record_count": 406,
+ "record_count": 423,
"schema_version": 1
}
diff --git a/generated/retrieval.jsonl b/generated/retrieval.jsonl
index 5f00654c..c4a38dbc 100644
--- a/generated/retrieval.jsonl
+++ b/generated/retrieval.jsonl
@@ -11,20 +11,25 @@
{"id": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Central District of California copyright action by Disney, Universal, and later-consolidated Warner Bros. Discovery parties alleging that Midjourney copied studio character works to train an image and video generator and that outputs reproduce those characters.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.\nPending Central District of California copyright action by Disney, Universal, and later-consolidated Warner Bros. Discovery parties alleging that Midjourney copied studio character works to train an image and video generator and that outputs reproduce those characters.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB"}, {"object": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Open-source developers\u2019 action alleging that GitHub Copilot training and outputs stripped copyright-management information and breached open-source licenses; the district court dismissed DMCA claims with prejudice, allowed contract claims, and a Ninth Circuit interlocutory appeal was argued in February 2026.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "open-source-software"], "text": "Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.\nOpen-source developers\u2019 action alleging that GitHub Copilot training and outputs stripped copyright-management information and breached open-source licenses; the district court dismissed DMCA claims with prejudice, allowed contract claims, and a Ninth Circuit interlocutory appeal was argued in February 2026.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights open-source-software", "title": "Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY"}, {"object": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025", "SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET", "SRC-NYT-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Southern District of New York copyright and trademark action by the Wall Street Journal and New York Post against Perplexity\u2019s answer engine; the court denied motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and improper venue. Related Times and Tribune actions against Perplexity were later filed in the same district.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.\nPending Southern District of New York copyright and trademark action by the Wall Street Journal and New York Post against Perplexity\u2019s answer engine; the court denied motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and improper venue. Related Times and Tribune actions against Perplexity were later filed in the same district.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.", "type": "case"}
-{"id": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.", "tags": ["case", "first-amendment", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.\nGarcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.\ncase first-amendment artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026"], "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026", "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.", "tags": ["case", "artificial-intelligence", "public-policy", "digital-rights"], "text": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC\nPending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.\ncase artificial-intelligence public-policy digital-rights", "title": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}, {"object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.", "tags": ["case", "first-amendment", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.\nGarcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.\ncase first-amendment artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-PRESS-2025", "SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "First-instance Munich judgment holding that memorization of nine German song lyrics in OpenAI models 4 and 4o, and output of those lyrics, infringed copyright and was not covered by the text-and-data-mining exception; the decision is not final.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "GEMA v. OpenAI (LG M\u00fcnchen I)\nFirst-instance Munich judgment holding that memorization of nine German song lyrics in OpenAI models 4 and 4o, and output of those lyrics, infringed copyright and was not covered by the text-and-data-mining exception; the decision is not final.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "GEMA v. OpenAI (LG M\u00fcnchen I)", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY"}, {"object": "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "English High Court trial judgment dismissing Getty\u2019s secondary-copyright claim that Stable Diffusion was an infringing copy, after Getty abandoned UK training and output copyright claims, with limited historic trade-mark findings; a later Northern District of California action over the same models remains at the pleading stage.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.\nEnglish High Court trial judgment dismissing Getty\u2019s secondary-copyright claim that Stable Diffusion was an infringing copy, after Getty abandoned UK training and output copyright claims, with limited historic trade-mark findings; a later Northern District of California action over the same models remains at the pleading stage.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE"}, {"object": "TOPIC-CODE-AS-SPEECH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021), held in a 6-2 decision that Google's copying of approximately 11,500 lines of Java API declaring code for use in Android constituted fair use under copyright law.", "tags": ["copyright", "speech-and-code", "digital-rights", "open-source-software"], "text": "Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.\nGoogle LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021), held in a 6-2 decision that Google's copying of approximately 11,500 lines of Java API declaring code for use in Android constituted fair use under copyright law.\ncopyright speech-and-code digital-rights open-source-software", "title": "Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"}, {"object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"}, {"object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026", "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026", "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "status": "draft", "summary": "California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.", "tags": ["case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases\nCalifornia Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.\ncase artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Northern District of California putative class action alleging Google trained generative models on copyrighted text and images; the court dismissed with prejudice claims as to specified models and vicarious claims against Alphabet, leaving Bard, Gemini, Imagen, and related model claims.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation\nPending Northern District of California putative class action alleging Google trained generative models on copyrighted text and images; the court dismissed with prejudice claims as to specified models and vicarious claims against Alphabet, leaving Bard, Gemini, Imagen, and related model claims.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI"}, {"object": "SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Multidistrict copyright litigation in the Southern District of New York consolidating author and publisher actions against OpenAI and Microsoft; the court denied OpenAI\u2019s motion to dismiss author class claims based on alleged ChatGPT outputs without deciding fair use.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation\nMultidistrict copyright litigation in the Southern District of New York consolidating author and publisher actions against OpenAI and Microsoft; the court denied OpenAI\u2019s motion to dismiss author class claims based on alleged ChatGPT outputs without deciding fair use.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"], "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"}, {"notes": "Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.", "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.", "tags": ["case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation\nPending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.\ncase artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-JUNGER-CMU", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-JUNGER-CMU"], "subject": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY"}, {"object": "SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO"], "subject": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JUNGER-CMU"], "subject": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-CODE-AS-SPEECH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JUNGER-CMU"], "subject": "CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md", "sources": ["SRC-JUNGER-CMU", "SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Junger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2000), held that computer source code is protected by the First Amendment because of its expressiveness in conveying ideas, reversing the district court's contrary finding on encryption source code and export restrictions.", "tags": ["first-amendment", "cryptography", "speech-and-code", "export-control", "digital-rights"], "text": "Junger v. Daley\nJunger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2000), held that computer source code is protected by the First Amendment because of its expressiveness in conveying ideas, reversing the district court's contrary finding on encryption source code and export restrictions.\nfirst-amendment cryptography speech-and-code export-control digital-rights", "title": "Junger v. Daley", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-KADREY-V-META", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "CASE-KADREY-V-META"}, {"object": "STAT-USC-107", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "subject": "CASE-KADREY-V-META"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "CASE-KADREY-V-META"}, {"object": "CASE-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "CASE-KADREY-V-META"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE", "SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025), granted Meta summary judgment that copying thirteen authors\u2019 books to train Llama was fair use on that record, while leaving torrenting-distribution claims for later proceedings.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.\nKadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025), granted Meta summary judgment that copying thirteen authors\u2019 books to train Llama was fair use on that record, while leaving torrenting-distribution claims for later proceedings.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION"}, {"object": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION"}, {"object": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025"], "subject": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024", "SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "German photographer\u2019s claim against LAION over downloading an image to build an open AI training dataset was dismissed; the Hamburg Regional Court applied the scientific-research text-and-data-mining exception, and the Higher Regional Court affirmed, also applying the general TDM exception.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Kneschke v. LAION e.V.\nGerman photographer\u2019s claim against LAION over downloading an image to build an open AI training dataset was dismissed; the Hamburg Regional Court applied the scientific-research text-and-data-mining exception, and the Higher Regional Court affirmed, also applying the general TDM exception.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Kneschke v. LAION e.V.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL", "last_verified": "2026-07-19", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}, {"object": "SRC-USC-17-107-LII", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}, {"object": "STAT-USC-107", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}, {"object": "STAT-DMCA-512", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}, {"object": "TOPIC-DMCA-TAKEDOWN-RESPONSE", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FAIR-USE-VIDEO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9"], "subject": "CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md", "sources": ["SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9", "SRC-USC-17-107-LII", "SRC-EFF-BLOGGERS-IP"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. \u00a7 512(c).", "tags": ["copyright", "digital-rights", "safe-harbor"], "text": "Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.\nLenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. \u00a7 512(c).\ncopyright digital-rights safe-harbor", "title": "Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.", "tags": ["case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation\nPending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.\ncase artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024"], "subject": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV"}, {"object": "TOPIC-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024"], "subject": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV"}, {"object": "CASE-US-V-STORM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023"], "subject": "CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md", "sources": ["SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024", "SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024", "SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023"], "status": "draft", "summary": "East Brabant District Court judgment ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (May 14, 2024) convicted a Tornado Cash developer of money laundering and imposed a 64-month prison sentence; English judiciary news identifies the defendant as Alexey Pertsev.", "tags": ["case", "computer-crime", "privacy", "tornado-cash", "case-studies", "developer-rights", "open-source-risk"], "text": "Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)\nEast Brabant District Court judgment ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (May 14, 2024) convicted a Tornado Cash developer of money laundering and imposed a 64-month prison sentence; English judiciary news identifies the defendant as Alexey Pertsev.\ncase computer-crime privacy tornado-cash case-studies developer-rights open-source-risk", "title": "Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "STAT-USC-107", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143"], "subject": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET"], "subject": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026", "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "SRC-NYT-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Southern District of New York copyright litigation in which The New York Times and other publishers allege that OpenAI and Microsoft copied news works to train large language models and that outputs substitute for licensed journalism.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)\nPending Southern District of New York copyright litigation in which The New York Times and other publishers allege that OpenAI and Microsoft copied news works to train large language models and that outputs substitute for licensed journalism.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC", "last_verified": "2026-07-19", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-PACKINGHAM-LII", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-PACKINGHAM-LII"], "subject": "CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC"}, {"object": "SRC-PACKINGHAM-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-PACKINGHAM-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC"}, {"object": "SRC-PACKINGHAM-GOVINFO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-PACKINGHAM-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-PACKINGHAM-LII"], "subject": "CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC.md", "sources": ["SRC-PACKINGHAM-LII", "SRC-PACKINGHAM-JUSTIA", "SRC-PACKINGHAM-GOVINFO"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Packingham v. North Carolina, 582 U.S. 98 (2017), held unanimously that a North Carolina law prohibiting registered sex offenders from accessing social media websites violated the First Amendment, establishing that the internet and social media are protected spaces for the exercise of free speech rights.", "tags": ["first-amendment", "internet-governance", "digital-rights"], "text": "Packingham v. North Carolina\nPackingham v. North Carolina, 582 U.S. 98 (2017), held unanimously that a North Carolina law prohibiting registered sex offenders from accessing social media websites violated the First Amendment, establishing that the internet and social media are protected spaces for the exercise of free speech rights.\nfirst-amendment internet-governance digital-rights", "title": "Packingham v. North Carolina", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL", "last_verified": "2026-06-19", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"}, {"object": "SRC-USC-17-512-GOVINFO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-512-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"}, {"object": "STAT-DMCA-512", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-512-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"}, {"object": "TOPIC-SAFE-HARBOR", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"}, {"object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md", "sources": ["SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA", "SRC-USC-17-512-GOVINFO"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007), is an appellate decision addressing DMCA \u00a7 512 safe harbor requirements for online service providers.", "tags": ["copyright", "safe-harbor", "intermediary-liability", "digital-rights"], "text": "Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC\nPerfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007), is an appellate decision addressing DMCA \u00a7 512 safe harbor requirements for online service providers.\ncopyright safe-harbor intermediary-liability digital-rights", "title": "Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"], "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"}, {"notes": "Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.", "object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.", "tags": ["case", "artificial-intelligence", "first-amendment", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.\nPending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.\ncase artificial-intelligence first-amendment digital-rights intermediary-liability", "title": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU", "last_verified": "2026-06-19", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU"}, {"object": "SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-LOC", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-LOC"], "subject": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU"}, {"object": "SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-LOC"], "subject": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU"}, {"object": "TOPIC-CODE-AS-SPEECH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-LOC"], "subject": "CASE-RENO-V-ACLU"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md", "sources": ["SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO", "SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-LOC", "SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-JUSTIA"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), held that certain Communications Decency Act provisions restricting indecent and patently offensive Internet speech violated the First Amendment.", "tags": ["first-amendment", "internet-governance", "digital-rights", "speech-and-code"], "text": "Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union\nReno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), held that certain Communications Decency Act provisions restricting indecent and patently offensive Internet speech violated the First Amendment.\nfirst-amendment internet-governance digital-rights speech-and-code", "title": "Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC"}, {"object": "CASE-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Northern District of California publisher action filed August 28, 2026, alleging that Anthropic and two founders torrented, scraped, and used copyrighted lyrics and sheet music to train Claude and that outputs reproduce those compositions.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC\nPending Northern District of California publisher action filed August 28, 2026, alleging that Anthropic and two founders torrented, scraped, and used copyrighted lyrics and sheet music to train Claude and that outputs reproduce those compositions.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM"}, {"object": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM"}, {"object": "CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023"], "subject": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM"}, {"object": "TOPIC-DMCA-TAKEDOWN-RESPONSE", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-DOCKET", "SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Pending Northern District of California declaratory-judgment action asking whether AI-generated \u201cbrainrot\u201d meme characters used in the Roblox game Steal a Brainrot are protected by U.S. copyright.", "tags": ["case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab\nPending Northern District of California declaratory-judgment action asking whether AI-generated \u201cbrainrot\u201d meme characters used in the Roblox game Steal a Brainrot are protected by U.S. copyright.\ncase copyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab", "type": "case"}
@@ -39,6 +44,7 @@
{"id": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK", "last_verified": "2026-07-30", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-US-V-TUNICK.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-TUNICK-INDICTMENT-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-TUNICK-INDICTMENT-2025"], "subject": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK"}, {"object": "SRC-TUNICK-MOTION-SUPPRESS-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-TUNICK-MOTION-SUPPRESS-2026"], "subject": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK"}, {"object": "STAT-18-USC-2232", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TUNICK-INDICTMENT-2025"], "subject": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK"}, {"object": "TECH-GRAPHENEOS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TECHCRUNCH-TUNICK-DURESS-2026"], "subject": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TUNICK-MOTION-SUPPRESS-2026"], "subject": "CASE-US-V-TUNICK"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-US-V-TUNICK.md", "sources": ["SRC-TUNICK-INDICTMENT-2025", "SRC-TUNICK-MOTION-SUPPRESS-2026", "SRC-COURTLISTENER-TUNICK-DOCKET", "SRC-USC-18-2232-LII", "SRC-TECHCRUNCH-TUNICK-DURESS-2026", "SRC-TECHSPOT-TUNICK-GRAPHENEOS-2026", "SRC-GRAPHENEOS-FEATURES"], "status": "draft", "summary": "United States v. Tunick, No. 1:25-cr-00499 (N.D. Ga.), is a pending federal prosecution charging Samuel Tunick under 18 U.S.C. \u00a7 2232(a) for allegedly deleting digital contents of a Google Pixel phone during a January 24, 2025 CBP secondary inspection at Atlanta\u2019s airport; public reporting links the wipe to GrapheneOS duress credentials.", "tags": ["case", "privacy", "border-search", "open-source-software", "fourth-amendment", "digital-rights", "case-studies"], "text": "United States v. Tunick\nUnited States v. Tunick, No. 1:25-cr-00499 (N.D. Ga.), is a pending federal prosecution charging Samuel Tunick under 18 U.S.C. \u00a7 2232(a) for allegedly deleting digital contents of a Google Pixel phone during a January 24, 2025 CBP secondary inspection at Atlanta\u2019s airport; public reporting links the wipe to GrapheneOS duress credentials.\ncase privacy border-search open-source-software fourth-amendment digital-rights case-studies", "title": "United States v. Tunick", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US", "last_verified": "2026-06-19", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-VAN-BUREN-LII", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-BUREN-LII"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US"}, {"object": "SRC-VAN-BUREN-GOVINFO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-BUREN-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US"}, {"object": "SRC-USC-18-1030-GOVINFO", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-USC-18-1030-GOVINFO"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US"}, {"object": "STAT-CFAA-1030", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-BUREN-LII"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US"}, {"object": "TOPIC-COMPUTER-FRAUD", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-BUREN-LII"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US.md", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-BUREN-LII", "SRC-VAN-BUREN-GOVINFO", "SRC-USC-18-1030-GOVINFO"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Van Buren v. United States, 593 U.S. 374 (2021), interpreted the CFAA phrase exceeds authorized access narrowly in a gates-up-or-down case about database access.", "tags": ["computer-crime", "technology-law", "digital-rights"], "text": "Van Buren v. United States\nVan Buren v. United States, 593 U.S. 374 (2021), interpreted the CFAA phrase exceeds authorized access narrowly in a gates-up-or-down case about database access.\ncomputer-crime technology-law digital-rights", "title": "Van Buren v. United States", "type": "case"}
{"id": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY"}, {"object": "STAT-IEEPA", "predicate": "interprets", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "SRC-IEEPA-50-USC-1702-LII"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY"}, {"object": "TOPIC-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY"}, {"object": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "SRC-TREASURY-TC-AUG-2022", "SRC-TREASURY-TC-NOV-2022", "SRC-TREASURY-TC-DELIST-2025", "SRC-OFAC-TC-REMOVAL-20250321", "SRC-IEEPA-50-USC-1702-LII"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), held that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not \u201cproperty\u201d under IEEPA and that OFAC exceeded its statutory authority by blocking them.", "tags": ["case", "sanctions", "open-source-software", "censorship-resistance", "tornado-cash", "case-studies"], "text": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury\nVan Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), held that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not \u201cproperty\u201d under IEEPA and that OFAC exceeded its statutory authority by blocking them.\ncase sanctions open-source-software censorship-resistance tornado-cash case-studies", "title": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury", "type": "case"}
+{"id": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.", "tags": ["case", "first-amendment", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.\nGwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.\ncase first-amendment artificial-intelligence digital-rights", "title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.", "type": "case"}
{"id": "EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS"], "subject": "EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008"}, {"object": "SRC-BUSH-FISA-SIGNING-2008", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-BUSH-FISA-SIGNING-2008"], "subject": "EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md", "sources": ["SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS", "SRC-BUSH-FISA-SIGNING-2008"], "status": "draft", "summary": "On July 10, 2008, the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 became law, including protections shielding telecommunications companies from lawsuits over assistance to government surveillance \u2014 a classic legislative override that ended the practical force of pending carrier suits.", "tags": ["historical-event", "surveillance", "digital-rights", "case-studies"], "text": "FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override)\nOn July 10, 2008, the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 became law, including protections shielding telecommunications companies from lawsuits over assistance to government surveillance \u2014 a classic legislative override that ended the practical force of pending carrier suits.\nhistorical-event surveillance digital-rights case-studies", "title": "FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override)", "type": "historical_event"}
{"id": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "subject": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026"}, {"object": "PERSON-PAVEL-DUROV", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "subject": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026"}, {"object": "ORG-TELEGRAM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "subject": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026"}, {"object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "subject": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026"}, {"object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "subject": "EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md", "sources": ["SRC-AP-DUROV-FSB-2026", "SRC-BBC-DUROV-FSB-2026", "SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "On July 29, 2026, Russia's FSB charged Telegram founder Pavel Durov with facilitating terrorist activity, alleging Telegram failed to remove channels used to coordinate attacks and sabotage, and placed him on an international wanted list.", "tags": ["historical-event", "intermediary-liability", "secure-messaging", "encryption-law", "digital-rights", "censorship-resistance", "case-studies"], "text": "Russia FSB Charges Against Pavel Durov / Telegram (July 2026)\nOn July 29, 2026, Russia's FSB charged Telegram founder Pavel Durov with facilitating terrorist activity, alleging Telegram failed to remove channels used to coordinate attacks and sabotage, and placed him on an international wanted list.\nhistorical-event intermediary-liability secure-messaging encryption-law digital-rights censorship-resistance case-studies", "title": "Russia FSB Charges Against Pavel Durov / Telegram (July 2026)", "type": "historical_event"}
{"id": "EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022"], "subject": "EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022"}, {"object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022"], "subject": "EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022"}, {"object": "TOPIC-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022"], "subject": "EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022"}, {"object": "STAT-IEEPA", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022"], "subject": "EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md", "sources": ["SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022"], "status": "draft", "summary": "On May 6, 2022, OFAC designated virtual currency mixer Blender.io under E.O. 13694 \u2014 Treasury\u2019s first sanctions action against a virtual currency mixer \u2014 citing laundering of proceeds linked to DPRK cyber activity.", "tags": ["historical-event", "sanctions", "digital-rights", "case-studies", "open-source-risk"], "text": "OFAC Designation of Blender.io (May 6, 2022)\nOn May 6, 2022, OFAC designated virtual currency mixer Blender.io under E.O. 13694 \u2014 Treasury\u2019s first sanctions action against a virtual currency mixer \u2014 citing laundering of proceeds linked to DPRK cyber activity.\nhistorical-event sanctions digital-rights case-studies open-source-risk", "title": "OFAC Designation of Blender.io (May 6, 2022)", "type": "historical_event"}
@@ -199,6 +205,9 @@
{"id": "SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE", "last_verified": "2026-07-31", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "FIRE advocacy case page describing representation of Florida professor Vinita Prabhakar in a July 29, 2026 federal lawsuit against South Florida State College officials over termination after a literature assignment.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "first-amendment", "case-studies"], "text": "FIRE Case Page \u2014 Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al.\nFIRE advocacy case page describing representation of Florida professor Vinita Prabhakar in a July 29, 2026 federal lawsuit against South Florida State College officials over termination after a literature assignment.\nsource organization first-amendment case-studies\n`ORG-FIRE` Intake provenance for Decap CMS organization proposal (PR #71)", "title": "FIRE Case Page \u2014 Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al.", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE", "last_verified": "2026-07-31", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Official FIRE case-submission page describing the confidential online intake form, Faculty Legal Defense Fund and Student Press Freedom Initiative hotlines, and attorney-client disclaimer.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "first-amendment", "outreach"], "text": "FIRE Submit a Case Page\nOfficial FIRE case-submission page describing the confidential online intake form, Faculty Legal Defense Fund and Student Press Freedom Initiative hotlines, and attorney-client disclaimer.\nsource organization first-amendment outreach\n`ORG-FIRE`", "title": "FIRE Submit a Case Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Congress.gov public-law text for the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, enacted July 10, 2008 as Public Law 110-261.", "tags": ["source", "surveillance", "digital-rights", "historical-event"], "text": "FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261)\nCongress.gov public-law text for the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, enacted July 10, 2008 as Public Law 110-261.\nsource surveillance digital-rights historical-event\n`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`", "title": "FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261)", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "public-policy"], "text": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)\nOfficial Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.\nsource case artificial-intelligence public-policy\n`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`", "title": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Official announcement that Florida\u2019s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT\u2019s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "public-policy"], "text": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)\nOfficial announcement that Florida\u2019s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT\u2019s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.\nsource case artificial-intelligence public-policy\n`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`", "title": "Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "public-policy"], "text": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)\nFlorida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.\nsource case artificial-intelligence digital-rights public-policy\n`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO", "last_verified": "2026-07-19", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Introduced Senate bill text for the Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act, listing original sponsors and co-sponsors.", "tags": ["source", "statute", "fourth-amendment", "privacy", "surveillance", "digital-rights"], "text": "S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress)\nIntroduced Senate bill text for the Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act, listing original sponsors and co-sponsors.\nsource statute fourth-amendment privacy surveillance digital-rights\n`PERSON-RON-WYDEN` `PERSON-RAND-PAUL` `PERSON-CORY-BOOKER`", "title": "S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "AFP/France 24 report that French authorities charged Pavel Durov in August 2024 over alleged platform-related offenses, quoting defense lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "intermediary-liability", "digital-rights"], "text": "France 24 / AFP \u2014 Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted\nAFP/France 24 report that French authorities charged Pavel Durov in August 2024 over alleged platform-related offenses, quoting defense lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski.\nsource attorney intermediary-liability digital-rights\n`PERSON-DAVID-OLIVIER-KAMINSKI` `PERSON-PAVEL-DUROV`", "title": "France 24 / AFP \u2014 Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-FREENET-HISTORY", "last_verified": "2026-08-08", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Official Freenet history page describing Ian Clarke's 1999 Edinburgh origins, the Locutus rebrand to Freenet in 2023, and the spin-off of the original codebase as Hyphanet.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "privacy", "censorship-resistance", "peer-to-peer-networking", "open-source-software"], "text": "Freenet History Page\nOfficial Freenet history page describing Ian Clarke's 1999 Edinburgh origins, the Locutus rebrand to Freenet in 2023, and the spin-off of the original codebase as Hyphanet.\nsource organization privacy censorship-resistance peer-to-peer-networking open-source-software\n`PERSON-IAN-CLARKE` `TECH-HYPHANET`", "title": "Freenet History Page", "type": "source"}
@@ -231,6 +240,7 @@
{"id": "SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "IRS Criminal Investigation announcement of prison sentences for Samourai Wallet co-founders Rodriguez and Hill.", "tags": ["source", "case", "computer-crime", "open-source-risk"], "text": "IRS-CI \u2014 Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025)\nIRS Criminal Investigation announcement of prison sentences for Samourai Wallet co-founders Rodriguez and Hill.\nsource case computer-crime open-source-risk\n`CASE-US-V-RODRIGUEZ` `TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`", "title": "IRS-CI \u2014 Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Knight First Amendment Institute biography for executive director Jameel Jaffer.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "first-amendment"], "text": "Jameel Jaffer Knight Institute Biography\nOfficial Knight First Amendment Institute biography for executive director Jameel Jaffer.\nsource attorney first-amendment\n`PERSON-JAMEEL-JAFFER`", "title": "Jameel Jaffer Knight Institute Biography", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "EFF case page documenting the Supreme Court's 2022 rejection of Jewel v. NSA, ending the flagship mass surveillance challenge without a ruling on the merits.", "tags": ["source", "case", "privacy", "surveillance", "fourth-amendment"], "text": "EFF Jewel v. NSA Case Page - Supreme Court Rejection\nEFF case page documenting the Supreme Court's 2022 rejection of Jewel v. NSA, ending the flagship mass surveillance challenge without a ruling on the merits.\nsource case privacy surveillance fourth-amendment\n`PERSON-CINDY-COHN`", "title": "EFF Jewel v. NSA Case Page - Supreme Court Rejection", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)\nWrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.\nsource case artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability\n`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation order centralizing OpenAI copyright actions in the Southern District of New York before Judge Sidney H. Stein.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)\nJudicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation order centralizing OpenAI copyright actions in the Southern District of New York before Judge Sidney H. Stein.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "ACLU of Ohio case page documenting Junger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2000).", "tags": ["source", "case", "first-amendment", "cryptography", "speech-and-code"], "text": "Junger v. Daley ACLU Ohio Case Page\nACLU of Ohio case page documenting Junger v. Daley, 209 F.3d 481 (6th Cir. 2000).\nsource case first-amendment cryptography speech-and-code\n`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`", "title": "Junger v. Daley ACLU Ohio Case Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-JUNGER-CMU", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-CMU.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-CMU.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Full text of the Sixth Circuit opinion in Junger v. Daley hosted by Carnegie Mellon University.", "tags": ["source", "case", "first-amendment", "cryptography", "speech-and-code"], "text": "Junger v. Daley Opinion Text (CMU)\nFull text of the Sixth Circuit opinion in Junger v. Daley hosted by Carnegie Mellon University.\nsource case first-amendment cryptography speech-and-code\n`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`", "title": "Junger v. Daley Opinion Text (CMU)", "type": "source"}
@@ -251,12 +261,15 @@
{"id": "SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Harvard Law School faculty page for Lawrence Lessig.", "tags": ["source", "person", "internet-governance", "open-source-software"], "text": "Lawrence Lessig Harvard Law School Faculty Page\nOfficial Harvard Law School faculty page for Lawrence Lessig.\nsource person internet-governance open-source-software\n`PERSON-LAWRENCE-LESSIG`", "title": "Lawrence Lessig Harvard Law School Faculty Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Press release from Representative Zoe Lofgren's office announcing the introduction of bipartisan bicameral Aaron's Law to reform the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.", "tags": ["source", "person", "computer-crime", "digital-rights"], "text": "Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law\nPress release from Representative Zoe Lofgren's office announcing the introduction of bipartisan bicameral Aaron's Law to reform the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.\nsource person computer-crime digital-rights\n`PERSON-ZOE-LOFGREN` `PERSON-RON-WYDEN` `PERSON-RAND-PAUL`", "title": "Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005", "last_verified": "2026-08-08", "path": "bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "2005 LWN.net technical article describing GNUnet's censorship-resistant sharing design, keyword-spam vulnerability, and namespace-based mitigation.", "tags": ["source", "technology", "peer-to-peer-networking", "censorship-resistance", "privacy"], "text": "LWN.net \u2014 An Introduction to GNUnet (2005)\n2005 LWN.net technical article describing GNUnet's censorship-resistant sharing design, keyword-spam vulnerability, and namespace-based mitigation.\nsource technology peer-to-peer-networking censorship-resistance privacy\n`TECH-GNUNET` `TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION`", "title": "LWN.net \u2014 An Introduction to GNUnet (2005)", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Federal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)\nFederal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.\nsource case artificial-intelligence digital-rights intermediary-liability\n`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Northern District of California order denying OpenAI\u2019s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)\nNorthern District of California order denying OpenAI\u2019s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.\nsource case artificial-intelligence digital-rights\n`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Press release from Representative Thomas Massie's office describing a bipartisan amendment to block NIST cooperation with NSA efforts to weaken encryption standards.", "tags": ["source", "person", "privacy", "digital-rights", "surveillance"], "text": "House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security\nPress release from Representative Thomas Massie's office describing a bipartisan amendment to block NIST cooperation with NSA efforts to weaken encryption standards.\nsource person privacy digital-rights surveillance\n`PERSON-THOMAS-MASSIE` `PERSON-ZOE-LOFGREN`", "title": "House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official EFF biography page for Corynne McSherry documenting her role as Legal Director specializing in intellectual property and free speech.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "copyright", "digital-rights"], "text": "Corynne McSherry EFF Staff Biography\nOfficial EFF biography page for Corynne McSherry documenting her role as Legal Director specializing in intellectual property and free speech.\nsource attorney copyright digital-rights\n`PERSON-CORYNNE-MCSHERRY`", "title": "Corynne McSherry EFF Staff Biography", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Meduza report, citing Interfax, that Russia's FSB charged Pavel Durov under Criminal Code Article 205.1 Part 1.1 and placed him on an international wanted list for alleged facilitation of terrorist activity via Telegram.", "tags": ["source", "intermediary-liability", "digital-rights", "secure-messaging", "historical-event"], "text": "Meduza \u2014 FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant\nMeduza report, citing Interfax, that Russia's FSB charged Pavel Durov under Criminal Code Article 205.1 Part 1.1 and placed him on an international wanted list for alleged facilitation of terrorist activity via Telegram.\nsource intermediary-liability digital-rights secure-messaging historical-event\n`EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026` `PERSON-PAVEL-DUROV`", "title": "Meduza \u2014 FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Heather Meeker about page documenting her open source licensing practice and background.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "open-source-software"], "text": "Heather Meeker About Page\nOfficial Heather Meeker about page documenting her open source licensing practice and background.\nsource attorney open-source-software\n`PERSON-HEATHER-MEEKER`", "title": "Heather Meeker About Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Columbia Law School faculty page for Eben Moglen.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "open-source-software"], "text": "Eben Moglen Columbia Law School Faculty Page\nOfficial Columbia Law School faculty page for Eben Moglen.\nsource attorney open-source-software\n`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`", "title": "Eben Moglen Columbia Law School Faculty Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-MOGLEN-DSI", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-DSI.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-DSI.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Columbia Data Science Institute profile of Eben Moglen describing his work with FSF and SFLC.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "open-source-software"], "text": "Eben Moglen Columbia Data Science Institute Profile\nColumbia Data Science Institute profile of Eben Moglen describing his work with FSF and SFLC.\nsource attorney open-source-software\n`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`", "title": "Eben Moglen Columbia Data Science Institute Profile", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Secondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)\nSecondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.\nsource case artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`", "title": "National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Southern District of New York order dismissing with prejudice news plaintiffs\u2019 material-contribution contributory copyright claims against OpenAI and Microsoft after Cox.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)\nSouthern District of New York order dismissing with prejudice news plaintiffs\u2019 material-contribution contributory copyright claims against OpenAI and Microsoft after Cox.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Complaint alleging that Microsoft and OpenAI copied New York Times works to train large language models and that model outputs reproduced Times content.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)\nComplaint alleging that Microsoft and OpenAI copied New York Times works to train large language models and that model outputs reproduced Times content.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Southern District of New York opinion largely denying motions to dismiss publisher copyright claims against OpenAI and Microsoft while dismissing specified DMCA and hot-news claims.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)\nSouthern District of New York opinion largely denying motions to dismiss publisher copyright claims against OpenAI and Microsoft while dismissing specified DMCA and hot-news claims.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)", "type": "source"}
@@ -282,6 +295,7 @@
{"id": "SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Public Knowledge about page describing its mission to promote freedom of expression, an open internet, and balanced copyright policy.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "internet-governance", "digital-rights"], "text": "Public Knowledge About Page\nOfficial Public Knowledge about page describing its mission to promote freedom of expression, an open internet, and balanced copyright policy.\nsource organization internet-governance digital-rights\n`ORG-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE`", "title": "Public Knowledge About Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Public Knowledge contact page with phone, fax, email, and Washington, D.C. office address.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "outreach"], "text": "Public Knowledge Contact Page\nOfficial Public Knowledge contact page with phone, fax, email, and Washington, D.C. office address.\nsource organization outreach\n`ORG-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE` `CONTACT-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE`", "title": "Public Knowledge Contact Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV", "last_verified": "2026-07-29", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Rafto Foundation prize page describing Agora as a Russian human rights organization of lawyers and identifying Pavel Chikov as chair.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "attorney", "digital-rights", "civil-society"], "text": "Rafto Foundation \u2014 Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page\nRafto Foundation prize page describing Agora as a Russian human rights organization of lawyers and identifying Pavel Chikov as chair.\nsource organization attorney digital-rights civil-society\n`ORG-AGORA` `PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV`", "title": "Rafto Foundation \u2014 Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "first-amendment"], "text": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)\nWrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT\u2019s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.\nsource case artificial-intelligence digital-rights first-amendment\n`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-RCFP-CONTACT", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-CONTACT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-CONTACT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press contact page with hotline, media, and general inquiry paths.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "outreach", "first-amendment"], "text": "Reporters Committee Contact Page\nOfficial Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press contact page with hotline, media, and general inquiry paths.\nsource organization outreach first-amendment\n`ORG-RCFP` `CONTACT-RCFP`", "title": "Reporters Committee Contact Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press page describing pro bono legal services for journalists and First Amendment litigation.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "first-amendment", "digital-rights"], "text": "Reporters Committee What We Do Page\nOfficial Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press page describing pro bono legal services for journalists and First Amendment litigation.\nsource organization first-amendment digital-rights\n`ORG-RCFP`", "title": "Reporters Committee What We Do Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-REED-BIO", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-REED-BIO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-REED-BIO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official biography for David P. Reed describing the end-to-end principle, Internet protocol work, and MIT affiliations.", "tags": ["source", "person", "internet-architecture", "distributed-systems"], "text": "David P. Reed Official Biography\nOfficial biography for David P. Reed describing the end-to-end principle, Internet protocol work, and MIT affiliations.\nsource person internet-architecture distributed-systems\n`PERSON-DAVID-REED`", "title": "David P. Reed Official Biography", "type": "source"}
@@ -319,6 +333,7 @@
{"id": "SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "D.C. Circuit opinion affirming refusal to register a copyright in an image listed as authored solely by a generative-AI system.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)\nD.C. Circuit opinion affirming refusal to register a copyright in an image listed as authored solely by a generative-AI system.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM` `TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT`", "title": "Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "District of Delaware memorandum opinion rejecting Ross Intelligence\u2019s fair-use defense for using Westlaw headnotes to train a competing non-generative legal-research AI.", "tags": ["source", "case", "copyright", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)\nDistrict of Delaware memorandum opinion rejecting Ross Intelligence\u2019s fair-use defense for using Westlaw headnotes to train a competing non-generative legal-research AI.\nsource case copyright artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-TIEN-EFF", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-TIEN-EFF.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TIEN-EFF.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official EFF staff profile for Lee Tien, Legislative Director and Adams Chair for Internet Rights.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "privacy", "digital-rights"], "text": "Lee Tien EFF Staff Biography\nOfficial EFF staff profile for Lee Tien, Legislative Director and Adams Chair for Internet Rights.\nsource attorney privacy digital-rights\n`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`", "title": "Lee Tien EFF Staff Biography", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.", "tags": ["source", "case", "artificial-intelligence"], "text": "Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)\nCounsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.\nsource case artificial-intelligence\n`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`", "title": "Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER", "last_verified": "2026-06-19", "path": "bibliography/academic/SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/academic/SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Canonical Tor design paper by Dingledine, Mathewson, and Syverson describing the second-generation onion routing network.", "tags": ["source", "academic", "privacy", "onion-routing", "open-source-software"], "text": "Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router\nCanonical Tor design paper by Dingledine, Mathewson, and Syverson describing the second-generation onion routing network.\nsource academic privacy onion-routing open-source-software\n`TOPIC-ONION-ROUTING` `ORG-TOR-PROJECT` Onion routing Tor network design", "title": "Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT", "last_verified": "2026-06-17", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Tor Project contact page with support, community, security issue, organization, donor, and mailing contact paths.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "privacy", "open-source-software", "outreach"], "text": "Tor Project Contact Page\nOfficial Tor Project contact page with support, community, security issue, organization, donor, and mailing contact paths.\nsource organization privacy open-source-software outreach\nTor Project Privacy organizations Open source organizations Outreach contact verification", "title": "Tor Project Contact Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY", "last_verified": "2026-06-19", "path": "bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official Tor Project history page describing onion routing origins and the organization's nonprofit development.", "tags": ["source", "organization", "privacy", "open-source-software", "outreach"], "text": "Tor Project History Page\nOfficial Tor Project history page describing onion routing origins and the organization's nonprofit development.\nsource organization privacy open-source-software outreach\n`ORG-TOR-PROJECT` `TOPIC-ONION-ROUTING` Tor Project Onion routing Privacy organizations Outreach verification", "title": "Tor Project History Page", "type": "source"}
@@ -353,6 +368,7 @@
{"id": "SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Justia reproduction of the Fifth Circuit opinion holding that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not IEEPA property.", "tags": ["source", "case", "sanctions", "open-source-software", "censorship-resistance"], "text": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)\nJustia reproduction of the Fifth Circuit opinion holding that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not IEEPA property.\nsource case sanctions open-source-software censorship-resistance\n`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY` `TOPIC-TORNADO-CASH` `TECH-TORNADO-CASH` `STAT-IEEPA`", "title": "Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-VIXIE-IHOF", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-VIXIE-IHOF.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-VIXIE-IHOF.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Internet Hall of Fame inductee profile for Paul Vixie describing his DNS protocol work and BIND development.", "tags": ["source", "person", "internet-architecture", "network-protocols"], "text": "Paul Vixie Internet Hall of Fame Profile\nInternet Hall of Fame inductee profile for Paul Vixie describing his DNS protocol work and BIND development.\nsource person internet-architecture network-protocols\n`PERSON-PAUL-VIXIE`", "title": "Paul Vixie Internet Hall of Fame Profile", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official EFF biography page for Kit Walsh documenting her role as Senior Staff Attorney working on free speech and coders' rights.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "digital-rights", "speech-and-code"], "text": "Kit Walsh EFF Staff Biography\nOfficial EFF biography page for Kit Walsh documenting her role as Senior Staff Attorney working on free speech and coders' rights.\nsource attorney digital-rights speech-and-code\n`PERSON-KIT-WALSH` `TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`", "title": "Kit Walsh EFF Staff Biography", "type": "source"}
+{"id": "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md", "sources": [], "status": "draft", "summary": "Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.", "tags": ["source", "case", "first-amendment", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights"], "text": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)\nGwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.\nsource case first-amendment artificial-intelligence digital-rights\n`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`", "title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official biography page for Lauren Weinstein describing his work on ARPANET, PFIR, NNSquad, and the PRIVACY Forum.", "tags": ["source", "person", "internet-governance", "privacy"], "text": "Lauren Weinstein Biography Page\nOfficial biography page for Lauren Weinstein describing his work on ARPANET, PFIR, NNSquad, and the PRIVACY Forum.\nsource person internet-governance privacy\n`PERSON-LAUREN-WEINSTEIN`", "title": "Lauren Weinstein Biography Page", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD", "last_verified": "2026-06-25", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Lauren Weinstein's announcement of the Network Neutrality Squad (NNSquad) as an open-membership effort to keep the internet fair and unhindered.", "tags": ["source", "person", "internet-governance", "digital-rights"], "text": "Network Neutrality Squad Announcement\nLauren Weinstein's announcement of the Network Neutrality Squad (NNSquad) as an open-membership effort to keep the internet fair and unhindered.\nsource person internet-governance digital-rights\n`PERSON-LAUREN-WEINSTEIN`", "title": "Network Neutrality Squad Announcement", "type": "source"}
{"id": "SRC-WESSLER-ACLU", "last_verified": "2026-07-04", "path": "bibliography/people/SRC-WESSLER-ACLU.md", "relationships": [], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WESSLER-ACLU.md", "sources": [], "status": "verified", "summary": "Official ACLU biography for Nathan Freed Wessler, deputy director of the Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project.", "tags": ["source", "attorney", "privacy", "surveillance"], "text": "Nathan Freed Wessler ACLU Staff Biography\nOfficial ACLU biography for Nathan Freed Wessler, deputy director of the Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project.\nsource attorney privacy surveillance\n`PERSON-NATHAN-FREED-WESSLER`", "title": "Nathan Freed Wessler ACLU Staff Biography", "type": "source"}
@@ -385,7 +401,8 @@
{"id": "TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET", "last_verified": "2026-08-08", "path": "knowledge/technical/TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025"], "subject": "TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET"}, {"object": "CASE-US-V-RODRIGUEZ", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025"], "subject": "TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET"}, {"object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025"], "subject": "TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET"}, {"object": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025"], "subject": "TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET.md", "sources": ["SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025", "SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Samourai Wallet was a Bitcoin privacy wallet whose co-founders pled guilty in 2025 in S.D.N.Y. to conspiracy to operate a money transmitting business knowing it transmitted crime proceeds; government announcements describe mixer features including Whirlpool.", "tags": ["technology", "privacy", "privacy-preserving-systems", "open-source-risk", "developer-rights", "case-studies", "computer-crime", "digital-rights"], "text": "Samourai Wallet\nSamourai Wallet was a Bitcoin privacy wallet whose co-founders pled guilty in 2025 in S.D.N.Y. to conspiracy to operate a money transmitting business knowing it transmitted crime proceeds; government announcements describe mixer features including Whirlpool.\ntechnology privacy privacy-preserving-systems open-source-risk developer-rights case-studies computer-crime digital-rights", "title": "Samourai Wallet", "type": "technology"}
{"id": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH", "last_verified": "2026-07-23", "path": "knowledge/technical/TECH-TORNADO-CASH.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH"}, {"object": "TOPIC-TORNADO-CASH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH"}, {"object": "CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA"], "subject": "TECH-TORNADO-CASH"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-TORNADO-CASH.md", "sources": ["SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA", "SRC-OFAC-FAQ-1076", "SRC-TREASURY-TC-AUG-2022"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Tornado Cash is an open-source Ethereum smart-contract protocol that pools and shuffles cryptocurrency deposits so withdrawals can be made to different addresses, reducing on-chain linkability between deposit and withdrawal.", "tags": ["technology", "privacy-preserving-systems", "censorship-resistance", "open-source-software", "tornado-cash", "case-studies"], "text": "Tornado Cash (Ethereum Mixer Protocol)\nTornado Cash is an open-source Ethereum smart-contract protocol that pools and shuffles cryptocurrency deposits so withdrawals can be made to different addresses, reducing on-chain linkability between deposit and withdrawal.\ntechnology privacy-preserving-systems censorship-resistance open-source-software tornado-cash case-studies", "title": "Tornado Cash (Ethereum Mixer Protocol)", "type": "technology"}
{"id": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-KADREY-V-META", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-SUNO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-UDIO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "STAT-USC-107", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "PERSON-KIT-WALSH", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023", "SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025", "SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL", "SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE", "SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025", "SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026", "SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET", "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026", "SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024", "SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025", "SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025", "SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025", "SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT", "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT", "SRC-USC-17-107-LII", "SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO"], "status": "draft", "summary": "U.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human authorship of outputs, fair use of training corpora, publisher and music suits, image-generator and studio character cases, German TDM dataset litigation, Google generative-model class claims, and open-source Copilot litigation.", "tags": ["copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "case-studies"], "text": "Copyright and Generative AI\nU.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human authorship of outputs, fair use of training corpora, publisher and music suits, image-generator and studio character cases, German TDM dataset litigation, Google generative-model class claims, and open-source Copilot litigation.\ncopyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights case-studies", "title": "Copyright and Generative AI", "type": "topic"}
-{"id": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md", "relationships": [{"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-KADREY-V-META", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-SUNO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-UDIO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"notes": "Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; Garcia is civil product liability, not a criminal developer prosecution.", "object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL", "SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE", "SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025", "SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025", "SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025", "SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026", "SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET", "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026", "SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024", "SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025", "SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025", "SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025", "SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT", "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.", "tags": ["artificial-intelligence", "copyright", "first-amendment", "digital-rights", "case-studies", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "AI Litigation Landscape\nInventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.\nartificial-intelligence copyright first-amendment digital-rights case-studies intermediary-liability", "title": "AI Litigation Landscape", "type": "topic"}
+{"id": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md", "relationships": [{"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}, {"notes": "Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.", "object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025", "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026", "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026", "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026", "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026", "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida\u2019s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.", "tags": ["artificial-intelligence", "first-amendment", "digital-rights", "case-studies", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation\nInventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida\u2019s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.\nartificial-intelligence first-amendment digital-rights case-studies intermediary-liability", "title": "Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation", "type": "topic"}
+{"id": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "last_verified": "2026-09-03", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md", "relationships": [{"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-KADREY-V-META", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-SUNO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-UDIO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"notes": "Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; Garcia is civil product liability, not a criminal developer prosecution.", "object": "TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}, {"object": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE", "SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL", "SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE", "SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025", "SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025", "SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025", "SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025", "SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT", "SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026", "SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024", "SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET", "SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143", "SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025", "SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026", "SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024", "SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025", "SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025", "SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025", "SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT", "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT", "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026", "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT", "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025", "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.", "tags": ["artificial-intelligence", "copyright", "first-amendment", "digital-rights", "case-studies", "intermediary-liability"], "text": "AI Litigation Landscape\nInventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.\nartificial-intelligence copyright first-amendment digital-rights case-studies intermediary-liability", "title": "AI Litigation Landscape", "type": "topic"}
{"id": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT", "last_verified": "2026-09-02", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md", "relationships": [{"object": "CASE-UMG-V-SUNO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-UMG-V-UDIO", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "STAT-USC-107", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-ANSWER"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}, {"object": "CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md", "sources": ["SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-ANSWER", "SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-WARNER-DISMISSAL", "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT", "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-DOCKET", "SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT", "SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025", "SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-PRESS-2025", "SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026", "SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT", "SRC-CONCORD-II-RELATED-2026", "SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT", "SRC-USC-17-107-LII"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Music-industry copyright claims against generative AI, covering U.S. sound-recording suits against Suno and Udio, U.S. publisher lyric suits against Anthropic (including Concord II, BMG, and the August 2026 Sony/Warner complaint), and the German first-instance GEMA v. OpenAI judgment.", "tags": ["copyright", "artificial-intelligence", "digital-rights", "case-studies"], "text": "Music Copyright and Generative AI\nMusic-industry copyright claims against generative AI, covering U.S. sound-recording suits against Suno and Udio, U.S. publisher lyric suits against Anthropic (including Concord II, BMG, and the August 2026 Sony/Warner complaint), and the German first-instance GEMA v. OpenAI judgment.\ncopyright artificial-intelligence digital-rights case-studies", "title": "Music Copyright and Generative AI", "type": "topic"}
{"id": "TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION", "last_verified": "2026-08-08", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md", "relationships": [{"object": "STAT-CA-DIGITAL-AGE-ASSURANCE-ACT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CA-CIV-1798-500-DIGITAL-AGE-ASSURANCE"], "subject": "TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION"}, {"object": "STAT-TX-APP-STORE-ACCOUNTABILITY", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-TX-SB-2420-ENROLLED"], "subject": "TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION"}, {"object": "CASE-CCIA-V-PAXTON-SB2420", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CCIA-V-PAXTON-PI-ORDER"], "subject": "TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION"}, {"object": "TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-CCIA-V-PAXTON-PI-ORDER"], "subject": "TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md", "sources": ["SRC-CA-CIV-1798-500-DIGITAL-AGE-ASSURANCE", "SRC-CA-AB-1043-STATUS", "SRC-TX-SB-2420-ENROLLED", "SRC-CCIA-V-PAXTON-PI-ORDER", "SRC-CA5-SB2420-STAY-ORDER", "SRC-CCIA-SB2420-LITIGATION-PAGE", "SRC-TX-TRIBUNE-SB2420-SCOTUS-2026", "SRC-LA-ACT-185-ASAA", "SRC-AL-HB161-ENROLLED", "SRC-ALSTON-UTAH-ASAA-DISMISSAL-2026"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Overview of U.S. state laws that pressure app stores and operating systems to verify or signal user age and to gate minors\u2019 app access\u2014covering California\u2019s OS age-bracket signaling act, Texas/Utah/Louisiana/Alabama App Store Accountability Acts, key implementation dates, and major litigation status.", "tags": ["age-verification", "first-amendment", "privacy", "digital-rights", "public-policy", "internet-governance"], "text": "App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws\nOverview of U.S. state laws that pressure app stores and operating systems to verify or signal user age and to gate minors\u2019 app access\u2014covering California\u2019s OS age-bracket signaling act, Texas/Utah/Louisiana/Alabama App Store Accountability Acts, key implementation dates, and major litigation status.\nage-verification first-amendment privacy digital-rights public-policy internet-governance", "title": "App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws", "type": "topic"}
{"id": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT", "last_verified": "2026-08-22", "path": "knowledge/legal/TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT.md", "relationships": [{"object": "SRC-OXFORD-BRAIN-ROT-WOTY-2024", "predicate": "cites", "sources": ["SRC-OXFORD-BRAIN-ROT-WOTY-2024"], "subject": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT"}, {"object": "CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT"], "subject": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT"}, {"object": "CASE-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC"], "subject": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT"}, {"object": "TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT", "predicate": "related_to", "sources": ["SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023"], "subject": "TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT"}], "source_doc_path": "source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT.md", "sources": ["SRC-OXFORD-BRAIN-ROT-WOTY-2024", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT", "SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-DOCKET", "SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC", "SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023", "SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025"], "status": "draft", "summary": "Documents the 2024 lexical sense of \u201cbrain rot\u201d and the later copyright fight over AI-generated \u201cbrainrot\u201d meme characters used in games such as Steal a Brainrot.", "tags": ["artificial-intelligence", "copyright", "digital-rights", "case-studies"], "text": "Brain Rot and AI-Generated Meme Characters\nDocuments the 2024 lexical sense of \u201cbrain rot\u201d and the later copyright fight over AI-generated \u201cbrainrot\u201d meme characters used in games such as Steal a Brainrot.\nartificial-intelligence copyright digital-rights case-studies", "title": "Brain Rot and AI-Generated Meme Characters", "type": "topic"}
diff --git a/generated/review-status.json b/generated/review-status.json
index 081c5fd6..ea253187 100644
--- a/generated/review-status.json
+++ b/generated/review-status.json
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
{
"by_status": {
- "draft": 290,
+ "draft": 307,
"verified": 116
},
"by_type": {
"attorney": 18,
- "case": 41,
+ "case": 47,
"historical_event": 4,
"organization": 23,
"person": 30,
"protocol": 3,
- "source": 253,
+ "source": 263,
"statute": 8,
"technology": 6,
- "topic": 20
+ "topic": 21
},
"description": "Generated review status dashboard.",
"missing_last_verified": [
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@
"SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE",
"SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE",
"SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024",
"SRC-FREENET-HISTORY",
"SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT",
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@
"SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025",
"SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025",
"SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143",
"SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE",
"SRC-KHANNA-INTERNET-BILL",
@@ -102,8 +106,11 @@
"SRC-LEE-GOVERNMENT-SURVEILLANCE-REFORM",
"SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW",
"SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
"SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT",
"SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025",
@@ -120,6 +127,7 @@
"SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024",
"SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024",
"SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-RFERL-TELEGRAM-BLOCK-2018",
"SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026",
"SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT",
@@ -131,6 +139,7 @@
"SRC-TELEGRAM-PRESS",
"SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC",
"SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
"SRC-TR-IAN-CLARKE",
"SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022",
"SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023",
@@ -150,6 +159,7 @@
"SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025",
"SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023",
"SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025",
"SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-INTERNET",
"SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-SOFTWARE",
"SRC-WYDEN-AARONS-LAW",
@@ -172,20 +182,25 @@
"CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY",
"CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB",
"CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY",
+ "CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES",
"CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY",
"CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE",
+ "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
"CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI",
"CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI",
+ "CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY",
"CASE-KADREY-V-META",
"CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION",
"CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL",
+ "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV",
"CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC",
"CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL",
+ "CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI",
"CASE-RENO-V-ACLU",
"CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC",
"CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM",
@@ -200,6 +215,7 @@
"CASE-US-V-TUNICK",
"CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US",
"CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY",
+ "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
"EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008",
"EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026",
"EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022",
@@ -293,6 +309,7 @@
"TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET",
"TECH-TORNADO-CASH",
"TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT",
+ "TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION",
"TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION",
"TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT",
"TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION",
@@ -316,7 +333,7 @@
"schema_version": 1,
"totals": {
"missing_last_verified": 3,
- "needing_review": 290,
- "records": 406
+ "needing_review": 307,
+ "records": 423
}
}
diff --git a/generated/timeline.json b/generated/timeline.json
index bffa5b96..3c0c1bc1 100644
--- a/generated/timeline.json
+++ b/generated/timeline.json
@@ -305,6 +305,14 @@
"record_title": "The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)",
"record_type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "date": "2025-05-19",
+ "description": "Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.",
+ "event_type": "decision",
+ "record_id": "CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI",
+ "record_title": "Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.",
+ "record_type": "case"
+ },
{
"date": "2025-05-20",
"description": "Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.",
@@ -417,6 +425,22 @@
"record_title": "CCIA v. Paxton (Texas SB 2420 / App Store Accountability Act)",
"record_type": "case"
},
+ {
+ "date": "2026-02-03",
+ "description": "California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.",
+ "event_type": "decision",
+ "record_id": "CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY",
+ "record_title": "In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases",
+ "record_type": "case"
+ },
+ {
+ "date": "2026-04-13",
+ "description": "Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.",
+ "event_type": "decision",
+ "record_id": "CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI",
+ "record_title": "Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation",
+ "record_type": "case"
+ },
{
"date": "2026-06-29",
"description": "Chatrie v. United States, No. 25-112 (June 29, 2026), held that police conduct a Fourth Amendment search when they acquire an individual\u2019s Google Location History data through a geofence warrant process, vacated the Fourth Circuit, and remanded warrant particularity/probable-cause questions.",
diff --git a/generated/used-for.json b/generated/used-for.json
index 871e704c..811bdb8d 100644
--- a/generated/used-for.json
+++ b/generated/used-for.json
@@ -100,6 +100,13 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT",
@@ -128,6 +135,15 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025"
@@ -141,6 +157,13 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO",
@@ -169,6 +192,13 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024",
@@ -200,6 +230,13 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO",
@@ -316,6 +353,12 @@
],
"term": "`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "term": "`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-COOLEY-TECH"
@@ -1003,6 +1046,21 @@
],
"term": "`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`"
},
+ {
+ "sources": [
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
+ "SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
+ ],
+ "term": "`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`"
+ },
{
"sources": [
"SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024",
@@ -1015,6 +1073,7 @@
"SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET",
"SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024",
"SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025",
+ "SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025",
"SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025",
@@ -1023,17 +1082,22 @@
"SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026",
"SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025",
"SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025",
+ "SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143",
"SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE",
"SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024",
"SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025",
+ "SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT",
"SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026",
"SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025",
"SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT",
- "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT"
+ "SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT",
+ "SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025"
],
"term": "`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`"
},
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f7c7b4e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+---
+id: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+title: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+ - digital-rights
+sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC
+
+## Summary
+
+Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida, Department of Legal Affairs v. OpenAI Global, LLC, filed June 1, 2026, in the Circuit Court of the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, is a pending state civil enforcement action against OpenAI entities and Chief Executive Officer Sam Altman. The complaint alleges that ChatGPT was marketed as safe while presenting risks of self-harm, violence, addiction, and cognitive harm. It is not a criminal charging instrument. A separately announced Statewide Prosecution investigation of the Florida State University shooting remained open when the civil suit was filed.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On June 1, 2026, the Florida Department of Legal Affairs e-filed a civil complaint in the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, against OpenAI Global, LLC; OpenAI Foundation (f/k/a OpenAI, Inc.); OpenAI OpCo, LLC; OpenAI Group PBC; OpenAI Holdings, LLC; and Sam Altman.[^1]
+- The Attorney General’s office announced the filing the same day as a “first-in-the-nation state-led lawsuit” seeking damages and an end to alleged deceptive and dangerous practices, and stated that a criminal investigation of the April 17, 2025 FSU shooting remained ongoing.[^2]
+- The complaint pleads ten counts: four Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act claims (unfair/immoral practices, unconscionable acts, deceptive acts, and unfair practices predicated on alleged COPPA-violative data collection from children under 13); two negligence counts; strict liability for design defect; strict liability for failure to warn; fraudulent misrepresentation against OpenAI; and public nuisance.[^1]
+- The COPPA-related FDUTPA count states that the State is not asserting a federal COPPA enforcement claim and instead treats alleged COPPA violations as unfair practices under Florida law.[^1]
+- The pleading cites private ChatGPT harm suits, including [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025).[^1]
+- On April 21, 2026, the same office announced that Statewide Prosecution had opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the FSU shooting and had subpoenaed OpenAI policies on threats, self-harm, and law-enforcement cooperation.[^3]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — File-stamped complaint (June 1, 2026). Plaintiff allegations.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026` — Official press release (June 1, 2026).
+
+[^3]: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026` — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Investigation announcement, not a charge.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+This is the first state-attorney-general civil action against OpenAI over chatbot user-safety design documented in OIR. It overlays the private FSU victim suit, [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md), and the California product-liability coordination. The criminal investigation is a different proceeding and had not produced a public charging instrument in the sources reviewed here.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Florida circuit court, Highlands County. Authority level: complaint and official announcements. No court has decided the FDUTPA, product-liability, or public-nuisance theories.[^1]
+
+Personal claims against Altman are pleaded on a participation-and-control theory. Treat that as an allegation. The COPPA-as-FDUTPA count is a state-law unfair-practice theory, not a federal COPPA action.[^1]
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` cites `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: File-stamped complaint (June 1, 2026).
+2. `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`: Civil-suit press release (June 1, 2026).
+3. `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`: Criminal-investigation press release (Apr. 21, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the assigned Highlands County case number from a clerk docket (the file-stamped PDF leaves the caption number blank).
+- Add any motion to dismiss, transfer, or removal.
+- Track whether other states file parallel AG actions.
+- Keep the criminal investigation on a separate research-debt line until a charging instrument exists.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
index ec3b4cca..5c0c4b99 100644
--- a/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ relationships:
object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
sources:
- SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
- subject: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
predicate: related_to
object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
@@ -83,6 +88,7 @@ This page does not state that any defendant is liable. Later docket events, incl
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` cites `SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..964f6880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+---
+id: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+title: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2026-02-03"
+---
+
+# In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases
+
+## Summary
+
+In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431 (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty.), is the California coordinated proceeding for state-court product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT. A February 3, 2026 coordination granted a petition covering twelve state actions, including the Adams estate suit related to [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md). The coordination is a pretrial-management device, not a finding of liability.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On February 3, 2026, a California court granted a petition coordinating twelve state actions against ChatGPT that allege product-liability theories, including the Adams estate action filed December 11, 2025.[^1]
+- Plaintiffs’ counsel reported the coordinated caption as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, centralized in San Francisco Superior Court, covering actions from Los Angeles, San Francisco, Alameda, and San Diego and presenting common questions about whether GPT-4o is a defective product.[^2]
+- Secondary legal journalism describes the same proceeding as In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, grouping claims that ChatGPT is unreasonably dangerous because of alleged sycophantic design, reinforcement of delusions or suicidal ideation, and inadequate safety testing.[^3]
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), filed August 26, 2025, in San Francisco Superior Court, is the earliest widely circulated complaint in that California cluster.[^4]
+- The federal Lyons action was not absorbed into the JCCP; the Northern District of California declined to stay Lyons in favor of the coordinated Adams state case.[^1]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026` — N.D. Cal. order (Apr. 13, 2026). Primary for the February 3, 2026 grant coordinating twelve state actions including Adams.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026` — Tech Justice update (Feb. 3, 2026). Counsel self-report of JCCP number and venue.
+
+[^3]: `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026` — National Law Review (May 20, 2026). Secondary corroboration of caption and theories.
+
+[^4]: `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Raine complaint (Aug. 26, 2025). Lead early pleading in the cluster.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+JCCP 5431 is the state-court counterpart to copyright’s [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md): a management vehicle for many similar complaints, not a single class judgment. Federal FSU and Soelberg-estate cases remain outside it.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: California Superior Court, San Francisco, sitting as coordination court. Authority level: coordination grant as recited by a federal court and counsel reporting. The sources reviewed here do not include a merits ruling on product defect, speech, or Section 230.[^1][^2]
+
+Coordination does not merge the plaintiffs’ damages claims. Each constituent action still has to prove causation for that user or decedent. OpenAI’s characterization of ChatGPT as a service rather than a product, noted in secondary commentary, remains an unresolved defense.[^3]
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` cites `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`: Lyons order reciting the February 3, 2026 coordination.
+2. `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`: Tech Justice JCCP update.
+3. `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`: National Law Review overview.
+4. `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Raine complaint.
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the signed Order re Petition for Coordination PDF as a primary SRC.
+- List constituent captions from the coordination order rather than secondary roundups.
+- Add Case Management Order No. 1 and any later leadership or discovery orders from the San Francisco docket (CJC-25-005431).
+- Confirm which later-filed actions (for example Carrier or Parish, as reported in secondary trackers) were added on.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bc6e8221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+---
+id: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+title: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ notes: Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation
+
+## Summary
+
+Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, No. 4:26-cv-00222 (N.D. Fla.), is a pending diversity product-liability and wrongful-death action arising from the April 17, 2025 shooting at Florida State University. Vandana Joshi, as personal representative of the estate of Tiru Chabba, sued OpenAI entities and the alleged shooter, Phoenix Ikner. The complaint is allegations only; no merits ruling is recorded in the sources reviewed here.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On May 10, 2026, Vandana Joshi, as personal representative of the estate of Tiru Chabba, filed a complaint in the Northern District of Florida, Tallahassee Division, against OpenAI Foundation (f/k/a OpenAI, Inc.) and multiple OpenAI affiliates, plus Phoenix Ikner.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that Chabba, a regional vice president for Aramark present on campus as a business invitee, was among two people killed and five others injured in the April 17, 2025 shooting, and that beneficiaries include the surviving spouse and two minor children.[^1]
+- Plaintiff alleges diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332 and that venue is proper because a substantial part of the events occurred in the district, including Ikner’s alleged use of ChatGPT to plan a shooting at FSU.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads eight counts: (I) negligence against the OpenAI defendants; (II) gross negligence against the OpenAI defendants; (III) strict products liability — defective design; (IV) strict products liability — negligent design; (V) strict products liability — failure to warn; (VI) negligent entrustment against the OpenAI defendants; (VII) battery against Ikner; and (VIII) Florida wrongful death under Fla. Stat. §§ 768.16–768.26 against all defendants.[^1]
+- On April 21, 2026, Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier announced that the Office of Statewide Prosecution had opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears criminal responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the same shooting, and that the office had subpoenaed OpenAI policies on user threats, self-harm, and cooperation with law enforcement.[^2]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Original complaint (May 10, 2026). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot content or operational details of the attack.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026` — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Announces an investigation, not a charge or finding of liability.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Joshi is the leading federal civil action by a shooting victim’s estate against a general-purpose chatbot vendor. It sits beside [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md), the later state enforcement suit, and a separately announced criminal investigation. Unlike [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) and [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), the decedent here is alleged to be a third-party victim rather than a chatbot user.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Northern District of Florida. Authority level: complaint only. The pleading does not decide whether ChatGPT is a “product,” whether Section 230 or the First Amendment bars the claims, or whether any output caused the shooting.[^1]
+
+The negligent-entrustment count is an unusual theory in this cluster: it treats access to ChatGPT as entrustment of a dangerous instrumentality rather than publication of answers. Treat that as a pleading choice, not a holding. Florida’s criminal investigation is not this civil docket and had produced no public charging instrument in the sources reviewed here.[^2]
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` cites `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Joshi complaint (May 10, 2026).
+2. `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`: Florida AG criminal-investigation press release (Apr. 21, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add any later docket events (answer, motion to dismiss, transfer) from CourtListener rather than secondary trackers.
+- Confirm whether the Morales family or other FSU victims filed separate civil actions.
+- Add any charging instrument if the Statewide Prosecution investigation produces one.
+- Capture OpenAI’s public statement on the FSU matter from a primary company page if used as a fact.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be220146
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+---
+id: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2026-04-13"
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation
+
+## Summary
+
+Emily Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, No. 3:25-cv-11037 (N.D. Cal.), is a pending diversity wrongful-death and product-liability action by the personal representative of Stein-Erik Soelberg. The complaint alleges that ChatGPT validated Soelberg’s paranoid delusions before he killed his mother, Suzanne Adams, and himself in Greenwich, Connecticut, in August 2025. On April 13, 2026, Chief Judge Richard Seeborg denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss or stay the case under the Colorado River doctrine in light of a related California state action by Adams’s estate.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On December 29, 2025, Emily Lyons, as administrator and personal representative of the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg, filed a complaint in the Northern District of California against OpenAI Foundation, other OpenAI entities, and Samuel Altman.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that Soelberg killed Adams and himself after extended ChatGPT use, and that GPT-4o’s design confirmed and elaborated delusional beliefs about identified third parties, including his mother.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads seven causes of action: strict product liability (design defect); strict liability (failure to warn); negligence (design defect); negligence (failure to warn); violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law; wrongful death; and a survival action.[^1]
+- The court recites that Adams’s estate filed a related state-court action on December 11, 2025, and that on February 3, 2026, a petition coordinated twelve California state actions against ChatGPT, including the Adams suit.[^2]
+- On April 13, 2026, the court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss or stay under Colorado River, holding there was substantial doubt that resolution of the Adams state case would resolve all issues in Lyons, including whether the model encouraged delusions and third-party harm causing Adams’s death versus delusions and self-harm causing Soelberg’s death.[^2]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Original complaint (Dec. 29, 2025). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or details of the deaths.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026` — Order denying motion to dismiss or stay (Apr. 13, 2026). Primary for the Colorado River ruling and the court’s recitation of the Adams action and February 2026 coordination.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Lyons and the Adams estate action are the leading U.S. civil dockets alleging that a general-purpose chatbot validated psychosis and contributed to third-party homicide as well as suicide. The federal case remains independent of [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md), which absorbed the Adams state suit.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Northern District of California. Authority level: district-court abstention order. Not a merits ruling on product defect, causation, or speech.[^2]
+
+The April 2026 order is narrow. It decides only that Colorado River abstention does not require staying or dismissing the federal estate’s claims because they are not necessarily coextensive with the mother’s estate’s state claims.[^2] Defendants may still raise First Amendment, Section 230, product-versus-service, and causation defenses on a later motion.
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` cites `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`.
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Lyons complaint (Dec. 29, 2025).
+2. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`: Order denying motion to dismiss or stay (Apr. 13, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add a dedicated CASE page for the Adams estate state action once a stable complaint PDF is captured.
+- Add later Lyons docket events after the April 2026 order (answer, discovery, any further motions).
+- Confirm the Adams state-court caption and number from a court record rather than the federal recitation alone.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58c772a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+---
+id: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+title: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - first-amendment
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ notes: Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.
+
+## Summary
+
+Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action filed August 26, 2025, by Matthew and Maria Raine over the death of their 16-year-old son Adam. The original complaint names OpenAI entities and Samuel Altman and pleads design-defect, failure-to-warn, UCL, wrongful-death, and survival theories. The case was later coordinated into [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md). The sources reviewed here contain no merits ruling.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On August 26, 2025, Matthew and Maria Raine, individually and as successors-in-interest to decedent Adam Raine, filed a San Francisco Superior Court complaint against OpenAI, Inc., OpenAI OpCo, LLC, OpenAI Holdings, LLC, Samuel Altman, and unnamed employees and investors.[^1]
+- Plaintiffs allege that Adam Raine, then 16 and a California resident, began using ChatGPT in September 2024 and died by suicide on April 11, 2025.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that GPT-4o was designed with persistent memory, anthropomorphic mannerisms, and sycophantic engagement that fostered dependency and that OpenAI launched those features despite internal safety objections.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads seven causes of action: (1) strict product liability — design defect; (2) strict product liability — failure to warn; (3) negligence — design defect; (4) negligence — failure to warn; (5) violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law; (6) wrongful death; and (7) a survival action.[^1]
+- Florida’s later Attorney General complaint cites this action as Raine v. OpenAI, No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025).[^2]
+- Counsel in the California ChatGPT product-liability cluster reported that the Judicial Council coordinated those actions, including GPT-4o design claims of the kind pleaded here, as JCCP No. 5431 on February 3, 2026.[^3]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Original complaint (Aug. 26, 2025). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of harm.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Florida AG complaint (June 1, 2026), citing the Raine docket number.
+
+[^3]: `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026` — Counsel update (Feb. 3, 2026). Self-reported; corroborate with the signed coordination order.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Raine is the first widely filed U.S. wrongful-death suit against OpenAI over an alleged chatbot-related suicide. It supplied the pleading template later recycled across the California coordination and cited by Florida’s Attorney General. [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) had already tested companion-chatbot product liability in federal court; Raine brought the same cluster of theories against a general-purpose model and its CEO.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: California Superior Court, later coordinated in San Francisco. Authority level: complaint and coordination reporting. No court in the sources reviewed here has decided causation, whether ChatGPT is a product, or whether the First Amendment or Section 230 bars the claims.[^1][^3]
+
+Naming Altman individually is a pleading choice also used in later ChatGPT harm suits. Treat it as an allegation of personal participation in design and launch decisions, not a finding of personal liability.
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` cites `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Original complaint (Aug. 26, 2025).
+2. `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Florida AG complaint citing the Raine docket.
+3. `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`: Tech Justice JCCP update (Feb. 3, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Replace the Courthouse News PDF with a court-hosted or RECAP original.
+- Add the October 2025 amended complaint and OpenAI’s answer from the San Francisco docket.
+- Add the signed JCCP coordination order and confirm Raine’s inclusion by caption.
+- Verify post-coordination case-management orders before stating a trial date or settlement.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md b/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af64aff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+---
+id: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+title: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - first-amendment
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2025-05-19"
+---
+
+# Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.
+
+## Summary
+
+Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., No. 23-A-04860-2 (Ga. Super. Ct., Gwinnett Cnty.), is a decided defamation action arising from a May 3, 2023 ChatGPT output that falsely described radio host Mark Walters as accused of embezzlement. On May 19, 2025, Judge Tracie Cason granted OpenAI summary judgment in full on three independent grounds: the output did not communicate defamatory meaning as a matter of law; Walters could not show fault; and he could not recover damages.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- Journalist Frederick Riehl used ChatGPT on May 3, 2023, while researching a Second Amendment Foundation suit against Washington’s attorney general. After ChatGPT accurately summarized pasted complaint text, it later produced an inaccurate summary accusing Walters of embezzlement when Riehl supplied a URL.[^1]
+- Riehl had accepted terms warning that outputs can be incorrect, saw on-screen disclaimers, and had prior experience with fictional ChatGPT responses. He testified that within about an hour and a half he determined the output was untrue and that he did not believe it.[^1]
+- Walters testified that he incurred no damages and did not ask OpenAI for a correction or retraction before suing.[^1]
+- The court held that, in context — including contradictions, refusals, knowledge-cutoff warnings, and terms-of-use disclaimers — a reasonable reader in Riehl’s position could not have understood the output as stating actual facts, and that Riehl’s subjective disbelief independently defeated defamatory meaning.[^1]
+- The court held Walters could not show negligence or, as a public figure, actual malice, and that he could not recover actual, presumed, or punitive damages on that record.[^1]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025` — Summary-judgment order (May 19, 2025). Primary trial-court authority; not appellate precedent.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Walters is among the first U.S. merits dispositions of a ChatGPT “hallucination” libel claim. It is a reputational-harm case, not a physical-injury product-liability suit, but it is the decided counterpart to the still-pending chatbot-harm inventory on [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md).
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Georgia Superior Court. Authority level: trial-court summary judgment. The holding is fact-bound: one reader, prominent disclaimers, rapid self-correction, and no damages. It does not decide that LLM output can never be defamatory, or that OpenAI can never be a publisher.[^1]
+
+The court’s public-figure and actual-malice analysis, and its use of product disclaimers to defeat defamatory meaning, are the pieces most likely to be cited in later hallucination suits. Those pieces remain Georgia trial-court law until an appellate court says otherwise.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` cites `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`.
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`: Summary-judgment order (May 19, 2025).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Replace the lawrpg.org hosted PDF with a clerk-hosted or RECAP original.
+- Add any Georgia Court of Appeals or Supreme Court filing if Walters appealed.
+- Add the earlier federal removal/remand episode (N.D. Ga. / 11th Cir. fee dispute) only if OIR needs that procedural history.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
index e80569d5..b66dcb59 100644
--- a/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
+++ b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ Three questions should be kept separate.
**Remedies and settlements.** Bartz’s $1.5 billion settlement prices past pirated acquisition for a defined class; it does not freeze the fair-use doctrine or release output claims.[^7]
-Non-copyright AI suits (chatbot product liability, defamation, privacy) are collected in [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md).
+Non-copyright AI suits (chatbot product liability, defamation, user-harm) are collected in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) and inventoried from [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md).
## Relationships
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d1e2a311
--- /dev/null
+++ b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+---
+id: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+title: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation
+type: topic
+status: draft
+summary: Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+tags:
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - first-amendment
+ - digital-rights
+ - case-studies
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+relationships:
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ notes: Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation
+
+## Summary
+
+Conversational AI is now the subject of product-liability, wrongful-death, consumer-protection, and defamation suits. The cases documented here fall into six clusters: (1) companion-chatbot deaths involving Character.AI, (2) ChatGPT suicide and self-harm actions coordinated in California, (3) murder-suicide and psychosis allegations, (4) third-party shooting-victim claims arising from the April 17, 2025 Florida State University attack, (5) Florida’s Attorney General civil enforcement action and a related criminal investigation, and (6) a decided Georgia hallucination-defamation judgment. This page is an inventory, not a finding that any chatbot caused a death or that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most wrongful-death and product-liability claims against a Character.AI chatbot company and Google to proceed and declined, at the pleading stage, to treat LLM output as protected speech.[^1]
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty., filed Aug. 26, 2025) is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that GPT-4o’s design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide.[^2]
+- California coordinated twelve state ChatGPT product-liability actions on February 3, 2026, as [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md), JCCP No. 5431, centralized in San Francisco Superior Court.[^3][^4][^5]
+- [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) (N.D. Cal.) is a pending federal action by Stein-Erik Soelberg’s estate alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; on April 13, 2026, the court denied a Colorado River stay in favor of the related Adams estate state case, which had been swept into the JCCP.[^3][^6]
+- [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) (N.D. Fla., filed May 10, 2026) is a pending diversity action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 FSU shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.[^7]
+- On April 21, 2026, Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution announced a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in that shooting; the announcement is not a charging instrument.[^8]
+- [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct., filed June 1, 2026) is a pending Attorney General civil action against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.[^9][^10]
+- [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) granted OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim, holding the output did not communicate defamatory meaning as a matter of law and that the plaintiff could not show fault or damages.[^11]
+
+
+[^1]: `SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025` — M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025. Pleading-stage order.
+
+[^2]: `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^3]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026` — N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026. Primary for the Colorado River ruling and the recitation of twelve coordinated state actions.
+
+[^4]: `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026` — Counsel update (Feb. 3, 2026). JCCP number and venue.
+
+[^5]: `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026` — National Law Review (May 20, 2026). Secondary corroboration.
+
+[^6]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^7]: `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^8]: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026` — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Investigation, not a charge.
+
+[^9]: `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^10]: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026` — Official press release (June 1, 2026).
+
+[^11]: `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025` — Ga. Super. Ct. May 19, 2025. Trial-court summary judgment.
+
+## Case map
+
+| Cluster | Leading OIR page | What is actually decided (as of sources cited) |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Companion-chatbot death | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| ChatGPT suicide (lead pleading) | [Raine](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) | Complaint filed; no merits ruling. |
+| California coordination | [JCCP 5431](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) | Twelve state actions coordinated Feb. 3, 2026; no merits ruling. |
+| Murder-suicide / psychosis | [Lyons](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) | Colorado River stay denied; no merits ruling. Adams state case is in the JCCP. |
+| FSU shooting victim | [Joshi](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) | Complaint filed; no merits ruling. Parallel AG criminal investigation announced. |
+| State enforcement | [Florida v. OpenAI](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) | AG civil complaint filed June 1, 2026; no merits ruling. |
+| Hallucination defamation | [Walters](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) | Summary judgment for OpenAI. |
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+These dockets ask whether conversational software is a product whose design can be defective, whether particular outputs are speech protected by the [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md), and whether [Section 230](STAT-SECTION-230.md) or a user’s own act breaks the causal chain.[^1] Garcia is the only pleading-stage order in this inventory to address the speech-versus-product distinction; Walters is the only merits disposition, and it is a Georgia defamation judgment, not a physical-injury case.[^1][^11]
+
+For open-internet and software-freedom work, two tensions matter. First, treating chatbot text as unprotected non-speech at the pleading stage, as in Garcia, could expand design-defect litigation against conversational software — including open-weight models — without a merits record on causation.[^1] Second, Florida’s criminal investigation of a model vendor over alleged assistance to a shooter is a different kind of proceeding from the civil inventory and from the developer-prosecution docket on [Documented Proceedings Involving Software Authors and Operators](TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md).[^8]
+
+Copyright training cases remain on [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) and [Copyright and Generative AI](TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md). This page does not predict outcomes or state that any chatbot caused a death.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. `SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`: Garcia MTD order (2025).
+2. `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Raine complaint (2025).
+3. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`: Lyons Colorado River order (2026).
+4. `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`: Tech Justice JCCP update (2026).
+5. `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`: National Law Review JCCP overview (2026).
+6. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Lyons complaint (2025).
+7. `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Joshi complaint (2026).
+8. `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`: Florida AG criminal-investigation press release (2026).
+9. `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Florida AG civil complaint (2026).
+10. `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`: Florida AG civil-suit press release (2026).
+11. `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`: Walters summary-judgment order (2025).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the signed JCCP 5431 coordination-order PDF and a constituent-case list from that order.
+- Add a dedicated Adams estate CASE page once a stable complaint PDF is captured.
+- Add other Character.AI actions (including any Kentucky AG suit or later settlements) only with primary dockets.
+- Add other ChatGPT wrongful-death captions reported in secondary trackers (Shamblin, Lacey, Brooks, Carrier, Parish, and any Morales FSU filing) only with complaints or docket entries.
+- Add Canadian or other non-U.S. shooting-related civil actions only with official records.
+- Verify Garcia for any 2026 settlement or judgment before stating that case is resolved.
+- Biometric-privacy and employment AI cases remain outside this inventory.
diff --git a/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
index 0b04b938..52bebb29 100644
--- a/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
+++ b/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ id: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
title: AI Litigation Landscape
type: topic
status: draft
-summary: Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+summary: Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
tags:
- artificial-intelligence
- copyright
@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ sources:
- SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025
- SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT
- SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
relationships:
- subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
predicate: related_to
@@ -174,14 +180,49 @@ relationships:
object: CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC
sources:
- SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT
-last_verified: "2026-09-02"
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
---
# AI Litigation Landscape
## Summary
-Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented here fall into five clusters: (1) copyright in training data and model outputs, including news, books, music, images, datasets, and code, (2) copyright and trademark claims over AI-generated viral characters, (3) product-liability and speech defenses when chatbot products are alleged to have harmed users, (4) comparative German and English judgments, and (5) pending publisher and class actions that have not reached fair-use merits. This page is an inventory, not a prediction of outcomes.
+Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented here fall into five clusters: (1) copyright in training data and model outputs, including news, books, music, images, datasets, and code, (2) copyright and trademark claims over AI-generated viral characters, (3) product-liability, enforcement, and speech defenses when chatbot products are alleged to have harmed users, (4) comparative German and English judgments, and (5) pending publisher and class actions that have not reached fair-use merits. Chatbot harm dockets are inventoried in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md). This page is an inventory, not a prediction of outcomes.
## Verified Facts
@@ -194,7 +235,7 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
- [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md) (MDL No. 3143, S.D.N.Y.) centralized author and publisher actions; on October 27, 2025, the court denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss author class output-infringement claims without deciding fair use.[^22][^23]
- [Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.](CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md) (S.D.N.Y.) survived an August 21, 2025 motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction and improper venue; a related Times action against Perplexity was later filed in the same district.[^24]
- [Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab](CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md) (N.D. Cal., filed Nov. 26, 2025) seeks a declaration that AI-generated “brainrot” characters used in Steal a Brainrot are not copyrightable. See [Brain Rot and AI-Generated Meme Characters](TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT.md).[^9]
-- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most wrongful-death and product-liability claims against a chatbot company and Google to proceed and declined, at the pleading stage, to treat LLM output as protected speech.[^10]
+- Chatbot harm dockets are inventoried in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most Character.AI wrongful-death claims to proceed; [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) and [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) (JCCP No. 5431) collect California ChatGPT suicide and design-defect actions; [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) is the federal Soelberg-estate murder-suicide suit; [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) is the FSU shooting-victim action; [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) is the first state AG civil enforcement suit; and [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) granted OpenAI summary judgment on a hallucination-defamation claim.[^10][^31][^32][^33][^34][^35]
- Music copyright dockets are inventoried in [Music Copyright and Generative AI](TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md): [UMG v. Suno](CASE-UMG-V-SUNO.md) and [UMG v. Udio](CASE-UMG-V-UDIO.md) (sound recordings; partial dismissals; no U.S. fair-use holding), [Concord v. Anthropic](CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (lyrics; secondary and DMCA claims survive dismissal; Concord II alleges torrenting), [BMG v. Anthropic](CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (later publisher complaint; allegations only), [Sony Music Publishing v. Anthropic](CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (later publisher complaint naming founders; allegations only), and [GEMA v. OpenAI](CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md) (non-final German first-instance lyric judgment).[^11][^12][^13][^14][^15][^25][^26]
- Image-generator dockets: [Andersen v. Stability AI](CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY.md) (artists’ class action; Copyright Act claims survive dismissal; DMCA dismissed), [Disney v. Midjourney](CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md) (studio character outputs; consolidated with Warner Bros. Discovery; discovery ongoing), and [Getty Images v. Stability AI](CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md) (English trial; secondary copyright dismissed after training claims were abandoned; U.S. action pending after a false-CMI dismissal).[^16][^17][^18][^19][^27]
- Dataset and Google models: [Kneschke v. LAION](CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md) (German TDM exceptions for compiling an open image-text dataset) and [In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md) (some models dismissed with prejudice; Bard/Gemini/Imagen claims remain).[^28][^29][^30]
@@ -261,6 +302,16 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
[^30]: `SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025` — N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025.
+[^31]: `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025. Pending; allegations. See also `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026` and `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026` for JCCP 5431.
+
+[^32]: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026` — N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026. Colorado River stay denied.
+
+[^33]: `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^34]: `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT` — Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^35]: `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025` — Ga. Super. Ct. May 19, 2025.
+
## Case map
| Cluster | Leading OIR page | What is actually decided (as of sources cited) |
@@ -284,11 +335,12 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
| Dataset TDM (DE) | [Kneschke](CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md) | Download for research/general TDM; opt-out not machine-readable as reported. |
| Google generative models | [In re Google Gen. AI](CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md) | Some models out with prejudice; Bard/Gemini/Imagen remain. |
| Open-source Copilot | [Doe v. GitHub](CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md) | DMCA CMI dismissed; contract claims live; 9th Cir. argued. |
-| Chatbot harm | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| Chatbot harm (companion) | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| Chatbot harm (ChatGPT cluster) | [Harm inventory](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) | Raine and JCCP 5431 pending; Lyons stay denied; Joshi and Florida AG pending; Walters SJ for OpenAI. |
## Legal Analysis
-These dockets are not one “AI law.” Copyright training cases apply [§ 107](STAT-USC-107.md) to copying that happens before a user sees an answer. Authorship cases ask who, if anyone, owns the answer or the image. Product-liability cases ask whether the software is a product whose design can be defective, which collides with [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md) arguments that outputs are speech.[^10]
+These dockets are not one “AI law.” Copyright training cases apply [§ 107](STAT-USC-107.md) to copying that happens before a user sees an answer. Authorship cases ask who, if anyone, owns the answer or the image. Product-liability cases ask whether the software is a product whose design can be defective, which collides with [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md) arguments that outputs are speech.[^10] The harm cluster is now larger than Garcia: California has coordinated twelve ChatGPT suits, Florida has filed a civil AG action and announced a criminal investigation of the FSU shooting, and Walters shows that at least one hallucination-defamation claim failed on a developed record.[^31][^32][^34][^35]
For open-internet and software-freedom work, two tensions matter. First, a broad training-is-always-infringement rule would raise the cost of building models, including open-weight models; Bartz and Kadrey show district judges already disagree about how to weigh that against market harm.[^4][^6] Second, treating chatbot text as unprotected non-speech at the pleading stage, as in Garcia, could expand design-defect litigation against conversational software without a merits record on causation.[^10]
@@ -322,6 +374,13 @@ Criminal and sanctions cases involving software authors remain on [Documented Pr
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION`.
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`.
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`.
## Sources
@@ -355,12 +414,18 @@ Criminal and sanctions cases involving software authors remain on [Documented Pr
28. `SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`: Kneschke LG Hamburg (2024).
29. `SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`: Kneschke OLG Hamburg (2025).
30. `SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`: In re Google Generative AI MTD order (2025).
+31. `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Raine complaint (2025).
+32. `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`: Lyons Colorado River order (2026).
+33. `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Joshi complaint (2026).
+34. `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Florida AG civil complaint (2026).
+35. `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`: Walters summary-judgment order (2025).
+36. `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`: Tech Justice JCCP update (2026).
## Research Debt
-- Add Walters v. OpenAI (defamation / ChatGPT hallucinations) with a primary docket and any opinion.
- Add EU AI Act public-enforcement matters only with official documents.
- Verify Garcia docket for any 2026 settlement or judgment before stating the case is resolved.
-- Defamation, biometric-privacy, and employment AI cases are not yet in this inventory.
+- Biometric-privacy and employment AI cases are not yet in this inventory.
- Add any Ninth Circuit opinion in Doe v. GitHub.
- Add Chicago Tribune and Britannica Perplexity complaints from those PDFs.
+- Remaining ChatGPT and Character.AI harm captions are tracked as research debt on [TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md).
diff --git a/website/generated/bibliography.md b/website/generated/bibliography.md
index d4884089..52cdb0d7 100644
--- a/website/generated/bibliography.md
+++ b/website/generated/bibliography.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from bibliography metadata. Do not edit it manually.
-Record count: 253
+Record count: 263
## `SRC-ABBATE-VT`: Janet Abbate Virginia Tech Faculty Profile { #SRC-ABBATE-VT }
@@ -1058,6 +1058,48 @@ Congress.gov public-law text for the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, enacted July 1
### Cited By
- [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md)
+## `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026) { #SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy
+
+Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+## `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026) { #SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy
+
+Official announcement that Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+## `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) { #SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, public-policy
+
+Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO`: S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress) { #SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO }
- Type: `source`
@@ -1143,6 +1185,7 @@ Middle District of Florida order allowing most product-liability and negligence
### Cited By
- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT: First Amendment`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
@@ -1476,6 +1519,20 @@ EFF case page documenting the Supreme Court's 2022 rejection of Jewel v. NSA, en
### Cited By
- [`PERSON-CINDY-COHN: Cindy Cohn`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-CINDY-COHN.md)
+## `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026) { #SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143) { #SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143 }
- Type: `source`
@@ -1736,6 +1793,34 @@ Press release from Representative Zoe Lofgren's office announcing the introducti
- [`TECH-HYPHANET: Hyphanet (formerly Freenet)`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-HYPHANET.md)
- [`TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION: Decentralized Moderation in Censorship-Resistant Networks`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION.md)
+## `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025) { #SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Federal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+## `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) { #SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Northern District of California order denying OpenAI’s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT`: House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security { #SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT }
- Type: `source`
@@ -1810,6 +1895,19 @@ Columbia Data Science Institute profile of Eben Moglen describing his work with
### Cited By
- [`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN: Eben Moglen`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN.md)
+## `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026) { #SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence
+
+Secondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026) { #SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026 }
- Type: `source`
@@ -2122,6 +2220,21 @@ Rafto Foundation prize page describing Agora as a Russian human rights organizat
- [`ORG-AGORA: Agora (human rights lawyers' group)`](source-docs/knowledge/organizations/ORG-AGORA.md)
- [`PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV: Pavel Chikov`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV.md)
+## `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) { #SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, first-amendment
+
+Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-RCFP-CONTACT`: Reporters Committee Contact Page { #SRC-RCFP-CONTACT }
- Type: `source`
@@ -2595,6 +2708,21 @@ Official EFF staff profile for Lee Tien, Legislative Director and Adams Chair fo
### Cited By
- [`PERSON-LEE-TIEN: Lee Tien`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LEE-TIEN.md)
+## `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) { #SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+- Tags: source, case, artificial-intelligence
+
+Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER`: Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router { #SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER }
- Type: `source`
@@ -3065,6 +3193,20 @@ Official EFF biography page for Kit Walsh documenting her role as Senior Staff A
- [`PERSON-KIT-WALSH: Kit Walsh`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-KIT-WALSH.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT: Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
+## `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) { #SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025 }
+
+- Type: `source`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+- Tags: source, case, first-amendment, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.
+
+### Cited By
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## `SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO`: Lauren Weinstein Biography Page { #SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO }
- Type: `source`
diff --git a/website/generated/citations.md b/website/generated/citations.md
index 77a43ea3..a7b0e844 100644
--- a/website/generated/citations.md
+++ b/website/generated/citations.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from `sources` and relationship source metadata. Do not edit it manually.
-Source count: 253
+Source count: 263
## [`SRC-ABBATE-VT`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-ABBATE-VT.md): Janet Abbate Virginia Tech Faculty Profile
@@ -589,6 +589,33 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md)
- Relationship source in [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md): [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md) `cites` [`SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md)
+## [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md): Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+## [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md): Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md)
+
+## [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+
## [`SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO.md): S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress)
- Page source in [`PERSON-CORY-BOOKER`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-CORY-BOOKER.md)
@@ -627,11 +654,18 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `cites` [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
- Relationship source in [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY.md)
- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md)
- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
- Page source in [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
@@ -827,6 +861,18 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`PERSON-CINDY-COHN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-CINDY-COHN.md)
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-CINDY-COHN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-CINDY-COHN.md): [`PERSON-CINDY-COHN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-CINDY-COHN.md) `cites` [`SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF.md)
+## [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+
## [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md): In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)
- Page source in [`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md)
@@ -974,6 +1020,29 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION.md)
- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION.md): [`TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TOPIC-DECENTRALIZED-MODERATION.md) `related_to` [`TECH-GNUNET`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-GNUNET.md)
+## [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+## [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md): Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `cites` [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
## [`SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md): House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security
- Page source in [`PERSON-THOMAS-MASSIE`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-THOMAS-MASSIE.md)
@@ -1008,6 +1077,12 @@ Source count: 253
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN.md): [`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN.md) `affiliated_with` [`ORG-SFLC`](source-docs/knowledge/organizations/ORG-SFLC.md)
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN.md): [`PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-EBEN-MOGLEN.md) `cites` [`SRC-MOGLEN-DSI`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-DSI.md)
+## [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md): National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
## [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md): The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)
- Page source in [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md)
@@ -1153,6 +1228,19 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV.md)
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV.md): [`PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-PAVEL-CHIKOV.md) `affiliated_with` [`ORG-AGORA`](source-docs/knowledge/organizations/ORG-AGORA.md)
+## [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Page source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+
## [`SRC-RCFP-CONTACT`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-CONTACT.md): Reporters Committee Contact Page
- Page source in [`ORG-RCFP`](source-docs/knowledge/organizations/ORG-RCFP.md)
@@ -1413,6 +1501,15 @@ Source count: 253
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LEE-TIEN.md): [`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LEE-TIEN.md) `affiliated_with` [`ORG-EFF`](source-docs/knowledge/organizations/ORG-EFF.md)
- Relationship source in [`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LEE-TIEN.md): [`PERSON-LEE-TIEN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LEE-TIEN.md) `cites` [`SRC-TIEN-EFF`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TIEN-EFF.md)
+## [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md): Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
## [`SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER`](source-docs/bibliography/academic/SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER.md): Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router
- Page source in [`TOPIC-ONION-ROUTING`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TOPIC-ONION-ROUTING.md)
@@ -1725,6 +1822,18 @@ Source count: 253
- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md): [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md) `related_to` [`PERSON-KIT-WALSH`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-KIT-WALSH.md)
+## [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md): Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+
+- Page source in [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Page source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Relationship source in [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
## [`SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO.md): Lauren Weinstein Biography Page
- Page source in [`PERSON-LAUREN-WEINSTEIN`](source-docs/knowledge/people/PERSON-LAUREN-WEINSTEIN.md)
diff --git a/website/generated/glossary.md b/website/generated/glossary.md
index 253a3f14..d3a98cc9 100644
--- a/website/generated/glossary.md
+++ b/website/generated/glossary.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from knowledge metadata. Do not edit it manually.
-Record count: 153
+Record count: 160
## `CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY`: Andersen v. Stability AI Ltd. { #CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY }
@@ -121,6 +121,15 @@ Open-source developers’ action alleging that GitHub Copilot training and outpu
Pending Southern District of New York copyright and trademark action by the Wall Street Journal and New York Post against Perplexity’s answer engine; the court denied motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and improper venue. Related Times and Tribune actions against Perplexity were later filed in the same district.
+## `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC { #CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Tags: case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy, digital-rights
+
+Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+
## `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc. { #CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES }
- Type: `case`
@@ -157,6 +166,15 @@ English High Court trial judgment dismissing Getty’s secondary-copyright claim
Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021), held in a 6-2 decision that Google's copying of approximately 11,500 lines of Java API declaring code for use in Android constituted fair use under copyright law.
+## `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases { #CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Tags: case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
## `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation { #CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI }
- Type: `case`
@@ -175,6 +193,15 @@ Pending Northern District of California putative class action alleging Google tr
Multidistrict copyright litigation in the Southern District of New York consolidating author and publisher actions against OpenAI and Microsoft; the court denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss author class claims based on alleged ChatGPT outputs without deciding fair use.
+## `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Tags: case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+
## `CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`: Junger v. Daley { #CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY }
- Type: `case`
@@ -211,6 +238,15 @@ German photographer’s claim against LAION over downloading an image to build a
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. § 512(c).
+## `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Tags: case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
## `CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`: Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash) { #CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV }
- Type: `case`
@@ -247,6 +283,15 @@ Packingham v. North Carolina, 582 U.S. 98 (2017), held unanimously that a North
Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007), is an appellate decision addressing DMCA § 512 safe harbor requirements for online service providers.
+## `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc. { #CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Tags: case, artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+
## `CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`: Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union { #CASE-RENO-V-ACLU }
- Type: `case`
@@ -373,6 +418,15 @@ Van Buren v. United States, 593 U.S. 374 (2021), interpreted the CFAA phrase exc
Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), held that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not “property” under IEEPA and that OFAC exceeded its statutory authority by blocking them.
+## `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C. { #CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Type: `case`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Tags: case, first-amendment, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
## `EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override) { #EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008 }
- Type: `historical_event`
@@ -1210,6 +1264,15 @@ Tornado Cash is an open-source Ethereum smart-contract protocol that pools and s
U.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human authorship of outputs, fair use of training corpora, publisher and music suits, image-generator and studio character cases, German TDM dataset litigation, Google generative-model class claims, and open-source Copilot litigation.
+## `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation { #TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION }
+
+- Type: `topic`
+- Status: `draft`
+- Path: [`knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Tags: artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
+
+Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+
## `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`: AI Litigation Landscape { #TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION }
- Type: `topic`
@@ -1217,7 +1280,7 @@ U.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human a
- Path: [`knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Tags: artificial-intelligence, copyright, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
-Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
## `TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`: Music Copyright and Generative AI { #TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT }
diff --git a/website/generated/handbook.md b/website/generated/handbook.md
index a1ff780b..10ef8e7d 100644
--- a/website/generated/handbook.md
+++ b/website/generated/handbook.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from knowledge metadata. Do not edit it manually.
-**Release:** 0.1.0 (Unreleased) | **Generated:** 2026-09-02 | **Records:** 153 | **Sources referenced:** 250
+**Release:** 0.1.0 (Unreleased) | **Generated:** 2026-09-03 | **Records:** 160 | **Sources referenced:** 260
@@ -69,20 +69,25 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
- [Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.](#CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY) (`CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY`)
- [Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.](#CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB) (`CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB`)
- [Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.](#CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY) (`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY`)
+- [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](#CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`)
- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](#CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES) (`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`)
- [GEMA v. OpenAI (LG München I)](#CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI`)
- [Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.](#CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY) (`CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY`)
- [Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.](#CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE) (`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE`)
+- [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](#CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY) (`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`)
- [In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation](#CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI) (`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`)
- [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](#CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI) (`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI`)
+- [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](#CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`)
- [Junger v. Daley](#CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY) (`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`)
- [Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.](#CASE-KADREY-V-META) (`CASE-KADREY-V-META`)
- [Kneschke v. LAION e.V.](#CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION) (`CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION`)
- [Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.](#CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL) (`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL`)
+- [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](#CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`)
- [Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)](#CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV) (`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`)
- [The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)](#CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI`)
- [Packingham v. North Carolina](#CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC) (`CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC`)
- [Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC](#CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL) (`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL`)
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](#CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`)
- [Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union](#CASE-RENO-V-ACLU) (`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`)
- [Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC](#CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC) (`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC`)
- [Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab](#CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM) (`CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM`)
@@ -97,6 +102,7 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
- [United States v. Tunick](#CASE-US-V-TUNICK) (`CASE-US-V-TUNICK`)
- [Van Buren v. United States](#CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US) (`CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US`)
- [Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury](#CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY) (`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY`)
+- [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](#CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`)
### Historical Event
@@ -193,6 +199,7 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
### Topic
- [Copyright and Generative AI](#TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT) (`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`)
+- [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](#TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION) (`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`)
- [AI Litigation Landscape](#TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION) (`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`)
- [Music Copyright and Generative AI](#TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT) (`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`)
- [App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws](#TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION) (`TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION`)
@@ -269,7 +276,7 @@ Agora is a Russian human rights lawyers' group associated with Pavel Chikov; OIR
- **Status:** draft
- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, copyright, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
-Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
### Alan Kay { #PERSON-ALAN-KAY-glossary }
@@ -424,6 +431,15 @@ Federal challenge to Texas SB 2420 in which the Western District of Texas grante
The Center for Democracy and Technology is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that works to promote democratic values by shaping technology policy and architecture, with a focus on the rights of the individual.
+### Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation { #TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- **Type:** topic
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
+
+Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+
### Chatrie v. United States { #CASE-CHATRIE-V-US-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-CHATRIE-V-US`
@@ -712,6 +728,15 @@ The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution addresses religion, expression, ass
On July 10, 2008, the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 became law, including protections shielding telecommunications companies from lawsuits over assistance to government surveillance — a classic legislative override that ended the practical force of pending carrier suits.
+### Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC { #CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy, digital-rights
+
+Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+
### Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression { #ORG-FIRE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `ORG-FIRE`
@@ -829,6 +854,15 @@ Hyphanet is the continuation of the original Freenet peer-to-peer network for an
Ian Clarke is a computer scientist who designed Freenet, founded Freenet Project Inc., and later led the 2023 Freenet relaunch while the original network continued as Hyphanet.
+### In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases { #CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
### In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation { #CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`
@@ -928,6 +962,15 @@ Jennifer Granick is the surveillance and cybersecurity counsel with the ACLU's S
Jonathan Zittrain is the George Bemis Professor of International Law at Harvard Law School, co-founder of the Berkman Klein Center, and a professor of computer science who is a leading public voice on internet law, platform governance, and digital technology policy.
+### Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+
### Junger v. Daley { #CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`
@@ -1027,6 +1070,15 @@ Lee Tien is Legislative Director and Adams Chair for Internet Rights at the Elec
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. § 512(c).
+### Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
### Matt Blaze { #PERSON-MATT-BLAZE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-MATT-BLAZE`
@@ -1216,6 +1268,15 @@ Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is public-key encryption software created by Phil Zimm
Public Knowledge is a U.S. nonprofit that promotes freedom of expression, an open internet, and access to affordable communications tools and creative works through copyright, telecommunications, and internet policy advocacy.
+### Raine v. OpenAI, Inc. { #CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+
### Rand Paul { #PERSON-RAND-PAUL-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-RAND-PAUL`
@@ -1567,6 +1628,15 @@ Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), h
Vint Cerf is a computer scientist widely recognized as a co-designer of TCP/IP, a former ICANN chairman and Internet Society founding president, and Google's Chief Internet Evangelist who frequently speaks on internet architecture, governance, and policy.
+### Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C. { #CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, first-amendment, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
### Whitfield Diffie { #PERSON-WHITFIELD-DIFFIE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-WHITFIELD-DIFFIE`
@@ -1817,6 +1887,13 @@ Open-source developers’ action alleging that GitHub Copilot training and outpu
Pending Southern District of New York copyright and trademark action by the Wall Street Journal and New York Post against Perplexity’s answer engine; the court denied motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and improper venue. Related Times and Tribune actions against Perplexity were later filed in the same district.
+#### [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC { #CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+
+Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+
#### [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc. { #CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES }
- Status: `draft`
@@ -1845,6 +1922,13 @@ English High Court trial judgment dismissing Getty’s secondary-copyright claim
Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021), held in a 6-2 decision that Google's copying of approximately 11,500 lines of Java API declaring code for use in Android constituted fair use under copyright law.
+#### [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases { #CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md), [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md), [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md), [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
#### [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md): In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation { #CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI }
- Status: `draft`
@@ -1859,6 +1943,13 @@ Pending Northern District of California putative class action alleging Google tr
Multidistrict copyright litigation in the Southern District of New York consolidating author and publisher actions against OpenAI and Microsoft; the court denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss author class claims based on alleged ChatGPT outputs without deciding fair use.
+#### [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+
+Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+
#### [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md): Junger v. Daley { #CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY }
- Status: `draft`
@@ -1887,6 +1978,13 @@ German photographer’s claim against LAION over downloading an image to build a
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. § 512(c).
+#### [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
#### [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md): Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash) { #CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV }
- Status: `draft`
@@ -1915,6 +2013,13 @@ Packingham v. North Carolina, 582 U.S. 98 (2017), held unanimously that a North
Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007), is an appellate decision addressing DMCA § 512 safe harbor requirements for online service providers.
+#### [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): Raine v. OpenAI, Inc. { #CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+
+Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+
#### [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md): Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union { #CASE-RENO-V-ACLU }
- Status: `draft`
@@ -2013,6 +2118,13 @@ Van Buren v. United States, 593 U.S. 374 (2021), interpreted the CFAA phrase exc
Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), held that Tornado Cash immutable smart contracts are not “property” under IEEPA and that OFAC exceeded its statutory authority by blocking them.
+#### [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C. { #CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
### Historical Event
#### [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md): FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override) { #EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008 }
@@ -2552,12 +2664,19 @@ Tornado Cash is an open-source Ethereum smart-contract protocol that pools and s
U.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human authorship of outputs, fair use of training corpora, publisher and music suits, image-generator and studio character cases, German TDM dataset litigation, Google generative-model class claims, and open-source Copilot litigation.
+#### [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation { #TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION }
+
+- Status: `draft`
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md), [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md), [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md), [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md), [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+
#### [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): AI Litigation Landscape { #TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION }
- Status: `draft`
-- Sources: [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md), [`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE.md), [`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL.md), [`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE.md), [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md), [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md), [`SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025.md), [`SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025.md), [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025.md), [`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024.md), [`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026.md), [`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026.md), [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024.md), [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET.md), [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md), [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026.md), [`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024.md), [`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025.md), [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md), [`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE.md), [`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL.md), [`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE.md), [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md), [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md), [`SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025.md), [`SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025.md), [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025.md), [`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024.md), [`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026.md), [`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026.md), [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024.md), [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET.md), [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md), [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026.md), [`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024.md), [`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025.md), [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md), [`SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md), [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md), [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md), [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
-Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
#### [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md): Music Copyright and Generative AI { #TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT }
@@ -2771,6 +2890,9 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md): FIRE Case Page — Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al. (`draft`)
- [`SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md): FIRE Submit a Case Page (`draft`)
- [`SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md): FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261) (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md): Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026) (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md): Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026) (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO.md): S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress) (`verified`)
- [`SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md): France 24 / AFP — Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted (`draft`)
- [`SRC-FREENET-HISTORY`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md): Freenet History Page (`draft`)
@@ -2803,6 +2925,7 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md): IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT.md): Jameel Jaffer Knight Institute Biography (`verified`)
- [`SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF.md): EFF Jewel v. NSA Case Page - Supreme Court Rejection (`verified`)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md): In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md): Junger v. Daley ACLU Ohio Case Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-JUNGER-CMU`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-CMU.md): Junger v. Daley Opinion Text (CMU) (`verified`)
@@ -2823,12 +2946,15 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD.md): Lawrence Lessig Harvard Law School Faculty Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md): Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law (`draft`)
- [`SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005`](source-docs/bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md): LWN.net — An Introduction to GNUnet (2005) (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025) (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md): Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md): House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security (`draft`)
- [`SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO.md): Corynne McSherry EFF Staff Biography (`verified`)
- [`SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md): Meduza — FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant (`draft`)
- [`SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT.md): Heather Meeker About Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA.md): Eben Moglen Columbia Law School Faculty Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-MOGLEN-DSI`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-DSI.md): Eben Moglen Columbia Data Science Institute Profile (`verified`)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md): National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md): The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md): The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025) (`draft`)
@@ -2851,6 +2977,7 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT.md): Public Knowledge About Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT.md): Public Knowledge Contact Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md): Rafto Foundation — Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page (`draft`)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md): Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-RCFP-CONTACT`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-CONTACT.md): Reporters Committee Contact Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO.md): Reporters Committee What We Do Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-REED-BIO`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-REED-BIO.md): David P. Reed Official Biography (`verified`)
@@ -2888,6 +3015,7 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md): Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md): Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-TIEN-EFF`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TIEN-EFF.md): Lee Tien EFF Staff Biography (`verified`)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md): Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER`](source-docs/bibliography/academic/SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER.md): Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router (`verified`)
- [`SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT.md): Tor Project Contact Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY.md): Tor Project History Page (`verified`)
@@ -2922,6 +3050,7 @@ Primary sources cited by knowledge records in this edition. This appendix is not
- [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md): Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-VIXIE-IHOF`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-VIXIE-IHOF.md): Paul Vixie Internet Hall of Fame Profile (`verified`)
- [`SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO.md): Kit Walsh EFF Staff Biography (`verified`)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md): Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) (`draft`)
- [`SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO.md): Lauren Weinstein Biography Page (`verified`)
- [`SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD.md): Network Neutrality Squad Announcement (`verified`)
- [`SRC-WESSLER-ACLU`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WESSLER-ACLU.md): Nathan Freed Wessler ACLU Staff Biography (`verified`)
diff --git a/website/generated/print-handbook.md b/website/generated/print-handbook.md
index c4f33aa3..779d56b0 100644
--- a/website/generated/print-handbook.md
+++ b/website/generated/print-handbook.md
@@ -14,15 +14,15 @@
Generated
- 2026-09-02
+ 2026-09-03
Knowledge records
- 153
+ 160
Sources referenced
- 250
+ 260
Document type
@@ -102,20 +102,25 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
- [Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.](#CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY) (`CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY`)
- [Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.](#CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB) (`CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB`)
- [Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.](#CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY) (`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY`)
+- [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](#CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`)
- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](#CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES) (`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`)
- [GEMA v. OpenAI (LG München I)](#CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI`)
- [Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.](#CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY) (`CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY`)
- [Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.](#CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE) (`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE`)
+- [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](#CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY) (`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`)
- [In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation](#CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI) (`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`)
- [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](#CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI) (`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI`)
+- [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](#CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`)
- [Junger v. Daley](#CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY) (`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`)
- [Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.](#CASE-KADREY-V-META) (`CASE-KADREY-V-META`)
- [Kneschke v. LAION e.V.](#CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION) (`CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION`)
- [Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.](#CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL) (`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL`)
+- [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](#CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`)
- [Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)](#CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV) (`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`)
- [The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)](#CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI`)
- [Packingham v. North Carolina](#CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC) (`CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC`)
- [Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC](#CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL) (`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL`)
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](#CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`)
- [Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union](#CASE-RENO-V-ACLU) (`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`)
- [Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC](#CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC) (`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC`)
- [Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab](#CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM) (`CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM`)
@@ -130,6 +135,7 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
- [United States v. Tunick](#CASE-US-V-TUNICK) (`CASE-US-V-TUNICK`)
- [Van Buren v. United States](#CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US) (`CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US`)
- [Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury](#CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY) (`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY`)
+- [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](#CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI) (`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`)
### Historical Event
@@ -226,6 +232,7 @@ Knowledge records included in this handbook, grouped by type.
### Topic
- [Copyright and Generative AI](#TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT) (`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`)
+- [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](#TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION) (`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`)
- [AI Litigation Landscape](#TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION) (`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`)
- [Music Copyright and Generative AI](#TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT) (`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`)
- [App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws](#TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION) (`TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION`)
@@ -302,7 +309,7 @@ Agora is a Russian human rights lawyers' group associated with Pavel Chikov; OIR
- **Status:** draft
- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, copyright, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
-Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
### Alan Kay { #PERSON-ALAN-KAY-glossary }
@@ -457,6 +464,15 @@ Federal challenge to Texas SB 2420 in which the Western District of Texas grante
The Center for Democracy and Technology is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that works to promote democratic values by shaping technology policy and architecture, with a focus on the rights of the individual.
+### Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation { #TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- **Type:** topic
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
+
+Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+
### Chatrie v. United States { #CASE-CHATRIE-V-US-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-CHATRIE-V-US`
@@ -745,6 +761,15 @@ The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution addresses religion, expression, ass
On July 10, 2008, the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 became law, including protections shielding telecommunications companies from lawsuits over assistance to government surveillance — a classic legislative override that ended the practical force of pending carrier suits.
+### Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC { #CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy, digital-rights
+
+Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+
### Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression { #ORG-FIRE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `ORG-FIRE`
@@ -862,6 +887,15 @@ Hyphanet is the continuation of the original Freenet peer-to-peer network for an
Ian Clarke is a computer scientist who designed Freenet, founded Freenet Project Inc., and later led the 2023 Freenet relaunch while the original network continued as Hyphanet.
+### In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases { #CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
### In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation { #CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`
@@ -961,6 +995,15 @@ Jennifer Granick is the surveillance and cybersecurity counsel with the ACLU's S
Jonathan Zittrain is the George Bemis Professor of International Law at Harvard Law School, co-founder of the Berkman Klein Center, and a professor of computer science who is a leading public voice on internet law, platform governance, and digital technology policy.
+### Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+
### Junger v. Daley { #CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`
@@ -1060,6 +1103,15 @@ Lee Tien is Legislative Director and Adams Chair for Internet Rights at the Elec
Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyright holders must consider fair use in good faith before sending DMCA takedown notifications under 17 U.S.C. § 512(c).
+### Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
### Matt Blaze { #PERSON-MATT-BLAZE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-MATT-BLAZE`
@@ -1249,6 +1301,15 @@ Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is public-key encryption software created by Phil Zimm
Public Knowledge is a U.S. nonprofit that promotes freedom of expression, an open internet, and access to affordable communications tools and creative works through copyright, telecommunications, and internet policy advocacy.
+### Raine v. OpenAI, Inc. { #CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+
### Rand Paul { #PERSON-RAND-PAUL-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-RAND-PAUL`
@@ -1600,6 +1661,15 @@ Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), h
Vint Cerf is a computer scientist widely recognized as a co-designer of TCP/IP, a former ICANN chairman and Internet Society founding president, and Google's Chief Internet Evangelist who frequently speaks on internet architecture, governance, and policy.
+### Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C. { #CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-glossary }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Type:** case
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Tags:** case, first-amendment, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
### Whitfield Diffie { #PERSON-WHITFIELD-DIFFIE-glossary }
- **Record ID:** `PERSON-WHITFIELD-DIFFIE`
@@ -1974,6 +2044,17 @@ Pending Southern District of New York copyright and trademark action by the Wall
---
+#### Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC { #CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`), Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`)
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, public-policy, digital-rights
+
+Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+
+---
+
#### Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc. { #CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`
@@ -2018,6 +2099,17 @@ Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021), held in a 6-2 decision
---
+#### In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases { #CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`), Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) (`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`), National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026) (`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`), Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) (`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`)
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
+---
+
#### In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation { #CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`
@@ -2040,6 +2132,17 @@ Multidistrict copyright litigation in the Southern District of New York consolid
---
+#### Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026) (`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`)
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+
+---
+
#### Junger v. Daley { #CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`
@@ -2084,6 +2187,17 @@ Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015), held that copyrigh
---
+#### Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation { #CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`)
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
+---
+
#### Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash) { #CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`
@@ -2128,6 +2242,17 @@ Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007), is an appellate d
---
+#### Raine v. OpenAI, Inc. { #CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) (`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) (`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`)
+- **Tags:** case, artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, intermediary-liability
+
+Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+
+---
+
#### Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union { #CASE-RENO-V-ACLU }
- **Record ID:** `CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`
@@ -2282,6 +2407,17 @@ Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024), h
---
+#### Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C. { #CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI }
+
+- **Record ID:** `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) (`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`)
+- **Tags:** case, first-amendment, artificial-intelligence, digital-rights
+
+Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
+---
+
### Historical Event
#### FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override) { #EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008 }
@@ -3121,14 +3257,25 @@ U.S. and comparative copyright issues raised by generative AI, including human a
---
+#### Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation { #TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION }
+
+- **Record ID:** `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- **Status:** draft
+- **Sources:** Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) (`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`), Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) (`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`), Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026) (`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`), Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`), Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) (`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`), National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026) (`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`), Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) (`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`)
+- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
+
+Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+
+---
+
#### AI Litigation Landscape { #TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION }
- **Record ID:** `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`
- **Status:** draft
-- **Sources:** Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025) (`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC`), Bartz v. Anthropic PBC, Order on Fair Use (N.D. Cal. June 23, 2025) (`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE`), Bartz v. Anthropic PBC, Order Granting Final Approval of Class Action Settlement (N.D. Cal. July 20, 2026) (`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL`), Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025) (`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE`), Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025) (`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025`), The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025) (`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`), The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026) (`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`), Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Nov. 26, 2025) (`SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT`), Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) (`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`), U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 2 — Copyrightability (January 2025) (`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025`), UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc., Complaint (D. Mass. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT`), UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Uncharted Labs, Inc., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT`), Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss FAC (N.D. Cal. Oct. 6, 2025) (`SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025`), LG München I, Endurteil v. 11.11.2025 – 42 O 14139/24 (GEMA v. OpenAI) (`SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025`), Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd. [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch) (`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025`), Andersen v. Stability AI Ltd., Order on Motions to Dismiss FAC (N.D. Cal. Aug. 12, 2024) (`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024`), Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc., Complaint (C.D. Cal. June 11, 2025) (`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT`), Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc., Order on Motion to Compel (C.D. Cal. June 15, 2026) (`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026`), Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Aug. 28, 2026) (`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026`), Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024`), Doe v. GitHub, Inc., CourtListener docket (9th Cir. No. 24-7700) (`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET`), In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143) (`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`), In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025) (`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`), Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI, Ltd., Order on Motion to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. Apr. 23, 2026) (`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026`), Kneschke v. LAION e.V., LG Hamburg, 310 O 227/23 (Sept. 27, 2024) (`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`), Kneschke v. LAION e.V., OLG Hamburg press report, 5 U 104/24 (Dec. 10, 2025) (`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`), In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation, Order Granting Motion to Dismiss in Part (N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025) (`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`), Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc., Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 2025) (`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`), Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. No. 5:26-cv-00880, Jan. 28, 2026) (`SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT`), BMG Rights Management (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Mar. 17, 2026) (`SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT`)
+- **Sources:** Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025) (`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC`), Bartz v. Anthropic PBC, Order on Fair Use (N.D. Cal. June 23, 2025) (`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FAIR-USE`), Bartz v. Anthropic PBC, Order Granting Final Approval of Class Action Settlement (N.D. Cal. July 20, 2026) (`SRC-BARTZ-V-ANTHROPIC-FINAL-APPROVAL`), Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025) (`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE`), Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025) (`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025`), The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025) (`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`), The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026) (`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`), Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Nov. 26, 2025) (`SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT`), Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) (`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`), U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 2 — Copyrightability (January 2025) (`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025`), UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc., Complaint (D. Mass. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT`), UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Uncharted Labs, Inc., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT`), Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss FAC (N.D. Cal. Oct. 6, 2025) (`SRC-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC-MTD-2025`), LG München I, Endurteil v. 11.11.2025 – 42 O 14139/24 (GEMA v. OpenAI) (`SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025`), Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd. [2025] EWHC 2863 (Ch) (`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025`), Andersen v. Stability AI Ltd., Order on Motions to Dismiss FAC (N.D. Cal. Aug. 12, 2024) (`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024`), Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc., Complaint (C.D. Cal. June 11, 2025) (`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-COMPLAINT`), Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc., Order on Motion to Compel (C.D. Cal. June 15, 2026) (`SRC-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY-MTC-2026`), Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Aug. 28, 2026) (`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026`), Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. June 24, 2024) (`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024`), Doe v. GitHub, Inc., CourtListener docket (9th Cir. No. 24-7700) (`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET`), In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143) (`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`), In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025) (`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`), Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI, Ltd., Order on Motion to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. Apr. 23, 2026) (`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026`), Kneschke v. LAION e.V., LG Hamburg, 310 O 227/23 (Sept. 27, 2024) (`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`), Kneschke v. LAION e.V., OLG Hamburg press report, 5 U 104/24 (Dec. 10, 2025) (`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`), In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation, Order Granting Motion to Dismiss in Part (N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025) (`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`), Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc., Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 2025) (`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`), Concord Music Group, Inc. v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. No. 5:26-cv-00880, Jan. 28, 2026) (`SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT`), BMG Rights Management (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Mar. 17, 2026) (`SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT`), Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025) (`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026) (`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`), Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026) (`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026) (`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`), Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) (`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`), Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026) (`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`)
- **Tags:** artificial-intelligence, copyright, first-amendment, digital-rights, case-studies, intermediary-liability
-Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
---
@@ -4072,6 +4219,33 @@ Congress.gov public-law text for the FISA Amendments Act of 2008, enacted July 1
---
+### Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.
+
+---
+
+### Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Official announcement that Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.
+
+---
+
+### Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.
+
+---
+
### S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress)
- **Source ID:** `SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO`
@@ -4360,6 +4534,15 @@ EFF case page documenting the Supreme Court's 2022 rejection of Jewel v. NSA, en
---
+### Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.
+
+---
+
### In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)
- **Source ID:** `SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143`
@@ -4540,6 +4723,24 @@ Press release from Representative Zoe Lofgren's office announcing the introducti
---
+### Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Federal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.
+
+---
+
+### Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Northern District of California order denying OpenAI’s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.
+
+---
+
### House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security
- **Source ID:** `SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT`
@@ -4594,6 +4795,15 @@ Columbia Data Science Institute profile of Eben Moglen describing his work with
---
+### National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Secondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.
+
+---
+
### The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)
- **Source ID:** `SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026`
@@ -4792,6 +5002,15 @@ Rafto Foundation prize page describing Agora as a Russian human rights organizat
---
+### Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.
+
+---
+
### Reporters Committee Contact Page
- **Source ID:** `SRC-RCFP-CONTACT`
@@ -5125,6 +5344,15 @@ Official EFF staff profile for Lee Tien, Legislative Director and Adams Chair fo
---
+### Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
+---
+
### Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router
- **Source ID:** `SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER`
@@ -5431,6 +5659,15 @@ Official EFF biography page for Kit Walsh documenting her role as Senior Staff A
---
+### Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+
+- **Source ID:** `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`
+- **Status:** draft
+
+Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.
+
+---
+
### Lauren Weinstein Biography Page
- **Source ID:** `SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO`
diff --git a/website/generated/relationship-graph.md b/website/generated/relationship-graph.md
index a32ec6ed..99ac598a 100644
--- a/website/generated/relationship-graph.md
+++ b/website/generated/relationship-graph.md
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ Deep-link examples: `?focus=TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT` or `?focus=TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDM
-Corpus edge count: 569 (full graph is not drawn by default)
+Corpus edge count: 616 (full graph is not drawn by default)
diff --git a/website/generated/relationships.md b/website/generated/relationships.md
index 79e023bc..a1b031b0 100644
--- a/website/generated/relationships.md
+++ b/website/generated/relationships.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from relationship metadata. Do not edit it manually.
-Edge count: 569
+Edge count: 616
## [`CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY.md) `cites` [`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024.md)
@@ -279,6 +279,31 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `cites` [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
@@ -289,6 +314,11 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
## [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
@@ -364,6 +394,31 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA.md)
+## [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `cites` [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
+
## [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md) `cites` [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md)
@@ -404,6 +459,33 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.
+
+## [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md) `cites` [`SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md)
@@ -494,6 +576,26 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9.md)
+## [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
## [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md) `cites` [`SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md)
@@ -579,6 +681,33 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA.md)
+## [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.
+
+## [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+
+## [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md) `cites` [`SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO.md)
- Declared in: [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md)
@@ -869,6 +998,26 @@ Edge count: 569
- Declared in: [`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md)
+## [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `cites` [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+## [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+## [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+## [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
## [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md) `cites` [`SRC-BUSH-FISA-SIGNING-2008`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-BUSH-FISA-SIGNING-2008.md)
- Declared in: [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md)
@@ -2210,6 +2359,63 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM-COMPLAINT.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+
+Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
+## [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
@@ -2245,6 +2451,11 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
@@ -2260,6 +2471,11 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-EWHC-2025.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
@@ -2270,6 +2486,11 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-KADREY-V-META`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
@@ -2280,11 +2501,21 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
@@ -2315,11 +2546,21 @@ France 24/AFP identified Kaminski as Durov's lawyer in the August 2024 French ch
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- Sources: [`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025.md)
+## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
+
+- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
+- Sources: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
+
## [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) `related_to` [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md)
- Declared in: [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
diff --git a/website/generated/review-status.md b/website/generated/review-status.md
index c9f726e9..e5a38a39 100644
--- a/website/generated/review-status.md
+++ b/website/generated/review-status.md
@@ -4,27 +4,27 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
## Totals
-- Records: 406
-- Records needing review: 290
+- Records: 423
+- Records needing review: 307
- Records missing `last_verified`: 3
## By Status
-- [`draft`](#draft-records): 290
+- [`draft`](#draft-records): 307
- [`verified`](#verified-records): 116
## By Type
- [`attorney`](#attorney-records): 18
-- [`case`](#case-records): 41
+- [`case`](#case-records): 47
- [`historical_event`](#historical-event-records): 4
- [`organization`](#organization-records): 23
- [`person`](#person-records): 30
- [`protocol`](#protocol-records): 3
-- [`source`](#source-records): 253
+- [`source`](#source-records): 263
- [`statute`](#statute-records): 8
- [`technology`](#technology-records): 6
-- [`topic`](#topic-records): 20
+- [`topic`](#topic-records): 21
## Records Needing Review
@@ -41,20 +41,25 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY: Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md)
- [`CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB: Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md)
- [`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY: Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md)
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- [`CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI: GEMA v. OpenAI (LG München I)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY: Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE: Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md)
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md)
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY: Junger v. Daley`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md)
- [`CASE-KADREY-V-META: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md)
- [`CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION: Kneschke v. LAION e.V.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md)
- [`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL: Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md)
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV: Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md)
- [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC: Packingham v. North Carolina`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC.md)
- [`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL: Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU: Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md)
- [`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md)
- [`CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM: Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md)
@@ -69,6 +74,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-US-V-TUNICK: United States v. Tunick`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-US-V-TUNICK.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US: Van Buren v. United States`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md)
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md)
- [`EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026: Russia FSB Charges Against Pavel Durov / Telegram (July 2026)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md)
- [`EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022: OFAC Designation of Blender.io (May 6, 2022)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md)
@@ -195,6 +201,9 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE: FIRE Case Page — Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al.`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE: FIRE Submit a Case Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024: France 24 / AFP — Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md)
- [`SRC-FREENET-HISTORY: Freenet History Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md)
- [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Complaint (M.D. Fla. Oct. 22, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT.md)
@@ -217,6 +226,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025: In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025: IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Plead Guilty (July 30, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025.md)
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025: IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md)
- [`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE.md)
- [`SRC-KHANNA-INTERNET-BILL: Rep. Khanna Releases Internet Bill of Rights Principles Endorsed by Sir Tim Berners-Lee`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-KHANNA-INTERNET-BILL.md)
@@ -227,8 +237,11 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-LEE-GOVERNMENT-SURVEILLANCE-REFORM: Lee Introduces Bipartisan Legislation to Secure Privacy Protections for Americans`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LEE-GOVERNMENT-SURVEILLANCE-REFORM.md)
- [`SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW: Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md)
- [`SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005: LWN.net — An Introduction to GNUnet (2005)`](source-docs/bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
- [`SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT: House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md)
- [`SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026: Meduza — FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md)
@@ -245,6 +258,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024: Netherlands v. Pertsev, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (East Brabant District Court, May 14, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024.md)
- [`SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024: Dutch Judiciary English News — Tornado Cash Developer Jail Sentence (May 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024.md)
- [`SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV: Rafto Foundation — Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-RFERL-TELEGRAM-BLOCK-2018: RFE/RL — Russian Court Orders Telegram App Blocked (2018)`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-RFERL-TELEGRAM-BLOCK-2018.md)
- [`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Aug. 28, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026.md)
- [`SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT: Sony Music Entertainment v. Uncharted Labs, Inc., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. July 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT.md)
@@ -256,6 +270,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-TELEGRAM-PRESS: Telegram Press Info`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TELEGRAM-PRESS.md)
- [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC: Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md)
- [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025: Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
- [`SRC-TR-IAN-CLARKE: MIT Technology Review — Ian Clarke Innovator Profile`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TR-IAN-CLARKE.md)
- [`SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022: Treasury Issues First Sanctions on a Virtual Currency Mixer — Blender.io (May 6, 2022)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022.md)
- [`SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023: Treasury Designates Roman Semenov, Co-Founder of Tornado Cash (Aug. 23, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023.md)
@@ -275,6 +290,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025: U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 2 — Copyrightability (January 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025.md)
- [`SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023: Copyright Registration Guidance — Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence, 88 Fed. Reg. 16190 (Mar. 16, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023.md)
- [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
- [`SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-INTERNET: Wilson Sonsini Internet Strategy and Litigation Practice Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-INTERNET.md)
- [`SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-SOFTWARE: Wilson Sonsini Software Industry Practice Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-SOFTWARE.md)
- [`SRC-WYDEN-AARONS-LAW: Wyden Introduces Reforms to the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WYDEN-AARONS-LAW.md)
@@ -299,6 +315,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET: Samourai Wallet`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET.md)
- [`TECH-TORNADO-CASH: Tornado Cash (Ethereum Mixer Protocol)`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-TORNADO-CASH.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT: Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT: Music Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md)
- [`TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION: App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md)
@@ -340,20 +357,25 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY: Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md)
- [`CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB: Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md)
- [`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY: Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md)
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- [`CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI: GEMA v. OpenAI (LG München I)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY: Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE: Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md)
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md)
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY: Junger v. Daley`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md)
- [`CASE-KADREY-V-META: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md)
- [`CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION: Kneschke v. LAION e.V.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md)
- [`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL: Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md)
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV: Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md)
- [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC: Packingham v. North Carolina`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC.md)
- [`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL: Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU: Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md)
- [`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md)
- [`CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM: Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md)
@@ -368,6 +390,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-US-V-TUNICK: United States v. Tunick`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-US-V-TUNICK.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US: Van Buren v. United States`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md)
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Telecom Immunity / Legislative Override)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md)
- [`EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026: Russia FSB Charges Against Pavel Durov / Telegram (July 2026)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md)
- [`EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022: OFAC Designation of Blender.io (May 6, 2022)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md)
@@ -494,6 +517,9 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE: FIRE Case Page — Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al.`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE: FIRE Submit a Case Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024: France 24 / AFP — Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md)
- [`SRC-FREENET-HISTORY: Freenet History Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md)
- [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Complaint (M.D. Fla. Oct. 22, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT.md)
@@ -516,6 +542,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025: In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025: IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Plead Guilty (July 30, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-PLEA-2025.md)
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025: IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md)
- [`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE.md)
- [`SRC-KHANNA-INTERNET-BILL: Rep. Khanna Releases Internet Bill of Rights Principles Endorsed by Sir Tim Berners-Lee`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-KHANNA-INTERNET-BILL.md)
@@ -526,8 +553,11 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-LEE-GOVERNMENT-SURVEILLANCE-REFORM: Lee Introduces Bipartisan Legislation to Secure Privacy Protections for Americans`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LEE-GOVERNMENT-SURVEILLANCE-REFORM.md)
- [`SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW: Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md)
- [`SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005: LWN.net — An Introduction to GNUnet (2005)`](source-docs/bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
- [`SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT: House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md)
- [`SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026: Meduza — FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md)
@@ -544,6 +574,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024: Netherlands v. Pertsev, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (East Brabant District Court, May 14, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024.md)
- [`SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024: Dutch Judiciary English News — Tornado Cash Developer Jail Sentence (May 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-RECHTSPRAAK-EN-2024.md)
- [`SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV: Rafto Foundation — Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-RFERL-TELEGRAM-BLOCK-2018: RFE/RL — Russian Court Orders Telegram App Blocked (2018)`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-RFERL-TELEGRAM-BLOCK-2018.md)
- [`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Aug. 28, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026.md)
- [`SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT: Sony Music Entertainment v. Uncharted Labs, Inc., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. July 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-UDIO-2026-COMPLAINT.md)
@@ -555,6 +586,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-TELEGRAM-PRESS: Telegram Press Info`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TELEGRAM-PRESS.md)
- [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC: Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md)
- [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025: Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
- [`SRC-TR-IAN-CLARKE: MIT Technology Review — Ian Clarke Innovator Profile`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TR-IAN-CLARKE.md)
- [`SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022: Treasury Issues First Sanctions on a Virtual Currency Mixer — Blender.io (May 6, 2022)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TREASURY-BLENDER-2022.md)
- [`SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023: Treasury Designates Roman Semenov, Co-Founder of Tornado Cash (Aug. 23, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TREASURY-SEMENOV-2023.md)
@@ -574,6 +606,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025: U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 2 — Copyrightability (January 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-COPYRIGHTABILITY-REPORT-2025.md)
- [`SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023: Copyright Registration Guidance — Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence, 88 Fed. Reg. 16190 (Mar. 16, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023.md)
- [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
- [`SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-INTERNET: Wilson Sonsini Internet Strategy and Litigation Practice Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-INTERNET.md)
- [`SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-SOFTWARE: Wilson Sonsini Software Industry Practice Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-WILSON-SONSINI-SOFTWARE.md)
- [`SRC-WYDEN-AARONS-LAW: Wyden Introduces Reforms to the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WYDEN-AARONS-LAW.md)
@@ -598,6 +631,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET: Samourai Wallet`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-SAMOURAI-WALLET.md)
- [`TECH-TORNADO-CASH: Tornado Cash (Ethereum Mixer Protocol)`](source-docs/knowledge/technical/TECH-TORNADO-CASH.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT: Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT: Music Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md)
- [`TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION: App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md)
@@ -773,20 +807,25 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY: Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Midjourney, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md)
- [`CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB: Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md)
- [`CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY: Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md)
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md)
- [`CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI: GEMA v. OpenAI (LG München I)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY: Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI Ltd.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE: Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GOOGLE-V-ORACLE.md)
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md)
- [`CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md)
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY: Junger v. Daley`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY.md)
- [`CASE-KADREY-V-META: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KADREY-V-META.md)
- [`CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION: Kneschke v. LAION e.V.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md)
- [`CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL: Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL.md)
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV: Netherlands v. Pertsev (Tornado Cash)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV.md)
- [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp. (OpenAI)`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC: Packingham v. North Carolina`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PACKINGHAM-V-NC.md)
- [`CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL: Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL.md)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md)
- [`CASE-RENO-V-ACLU: Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RENO-V-ACLU.md)
- [`CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md)
- [`CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM: Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md)
@@ -801,6 +840,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`CASE-US-V-TUNICK: United States v. Tunick`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-US-V-TUNICK.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US: Van Buren v. United States`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-BUREN-V-US.md)
- [`CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-VAN-LOON-V-TREASURY.md)
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md)
## historical_event Records { #historical-event-records }
@@ -958,6 +998,9 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE: FIRE Case Page — Prabhakar v. Hawkins et al.`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-PRABHAKAR-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE: FIRE Submit a Case Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FIRE-SUBMIT-CASE.md)
- [`SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS: FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008-CONGRESS.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO: S. 1265, Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act of 2021 (117th Congress)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FOURTH-AMENDMENT-NOT-FOR-SALE-GOVINFO.md)
- [`SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024: France 24 / AFP — Telegram Boss Durov Charged in France; Lawyer David-Olivier Kaminski Quoted`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-FRANCE24-DUROV-KAMINSKI-2024.md)
- [`SRC-FREENET-HISTORY: Freenet History Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-FREENET-HISTORY.md)
@@ -990,6 +1033,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025: IRS-CI — Samourai Wallet Founders Sentenced (Nov. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IRS-SAMOURAI-SENTENCE-2025.md)
- [`SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT: Jameel Jaffer Knight Institute Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-JAFFER-KNIGHT.md)
- [`SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF: EFF Jewel v. NSA Case Page - Supreme Court Rejection`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JEWEL-V-NSA-EFF.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md)
- [`SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO: Junger v. Daley ACLU Ohio Case Page`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md)
- [`SRC-JUNGER-CMU: Junger v. Daley Opinion Text (CMU)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-CMU.md)
@@ -1010,12 +1054,15 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD: Lawrence Lessig Harvard Law School Faculty Page`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LESSIG-HARVARD.md)
- [`SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW: Lofgren, Wyden, Paul Introduce Bipartisan Bicameral Aaron's Law`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-LOFGREN-AARONS-LAW.md)
- [`SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005: LWN.net — An Introduction to GNUnet (2005)`](source-docs/bibliography/technical/SRC-LWN-GNUNET-INTRO-2005.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
- [`SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT: House Passes Massie Amendment to Strengthen Privacy and Security`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MASSIE-ENCRYPTION-AMENDMENT.md)
- [`SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO: Corynne McSherry EFF Staff Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MCSHERRY-EFF-BIO.md)
- [`SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026: Meduza — FSB Accuses Durov of Aiding Terrorism and Issues International Arrest Warrant`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-MEDUZA-DUROV-FSB-2026.md)
- [`SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT: Heather Meeker About Page`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MEEKER-ABOUT.md)
- [`SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA: Eben Moglen Columbia Law School Faculty Page`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-COLUMBIA.md)
- [`SRC-MOGLEN-DSI: Eben Moglen Columbia Data Science Institute Profile`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-MOGLEN-DSI.md)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md)
@@ -1041,6 +1088,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT: Public Knowledge About Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-ABOUT.md)
- [`SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT: Public Knowledge Contact Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-PUBLIC-KNOWLEDGE-CONTACT.md)
- [`SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV: Rafto Foundation — Agora / Pavel Chikov Prize Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RAFTO-AGORA-CHIKOV.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-RCFP-CONTACT: Reporters Committee Contact Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-CONTACT.md)
- [`SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO: Reporters Committee What We Do Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-RCFP-WHAT-WE-DO.md)
- [`SRC-REED-BIO: David P. Reed Official Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-REED-BIO.md)
@@ -1078,6 +1126,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC: Thaler v. Perlmutter, 130 F.4th 1039 (D.C. Cir. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THALER-V-PERLMUTTER-CADC.md)
- [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025: Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md)
- [`SRC-TIEN-EFF: Lee Tien EFF Staff Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-TIEN-EFF.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
- [`SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER: Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router`](source-docs/bibliography/academic/SRC-TOR-DESIGN-PAPER.md)
- [`SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT: Tor Project Contact Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-CONTACT.md)
- [`SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY: Tor Project History Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-TOR-PROJECT-HISTORY.md)
@@ -1112,6 +1161,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
- [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md)
- [`SRC-VIXIE-IHOF: Paul Vixie Internet Hall of Fame Profile`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-VIXIE-IHOF.md)
- [`SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO: Kit Walsh EFF Staff Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO.md)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
- [`SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO: Lauren Weinstein Biography Page`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-BIO.md)
- [`SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD: Network Neutrality Squad Announcement`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WEINSTEIN-NNSQUAD.md)
- [`SRC-WESSLER-ACLU: Nathan Freed Wessler ACLU Staff Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WESSLER-ACLU.md)
@@ -1153,6 +1203,7 @@ This page is generated from OIR metadata. Do not edit it manually.
## topic Records { #topic-records }
- [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT: Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION: AI Litigation Landscape`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md)
- [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT: Music Copyright and Generative AI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md)
- [`TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION: App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md)
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..255581ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+title: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Official Florida Attorney General announcement of a first-in-the-nation state civil action against OpenAI and CEO Sam Altman over alleged deceptive practices and user harms.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida
+- Publication date: 2026-06-01
+- Source type: Official government press release
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-files-first-nation-state-led-lawsuit-against-openai-ceo
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official press release. Use for the announcement date, the Attorney General’s characterization of the suit, and the statement that a separate criminal investigation into the Florida State University shooting remained ongoing. Prefer the filed complaint for counts and parties. Advocacy framing in quoted remarks is not a finding of liability.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-florida-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-06-01`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fd1192a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+title: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Official announcement that Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida
+- Publication date: 2026-04-21
+- Source type: Official government press release
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/newsrelease/attorney-general-james-uthmeier-launches-criminal-investigation-openai-chatgpt
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official press release. Primary for the existence and announced scope of the investigation and for the described subpoena categories. Not a charging instrument, indictment, or finding of criminal liability. Treat quoted characterizations of ChatGPT as the Attorney General’s allegations.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-joshi-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-04-21`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..07c5eb4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Florida Attorney General civil complaint against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - public-policy
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida, Department of Legal Affairs
+- Publication date: 2026-06-01
+- Source type: State court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://www.myfloridalegal.com/sites/default/files/openai-filed-stamped-complaint.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Official Attorney General-hosted file-stamped complaint, E-Filed June 1, 2026 (Filing # 249302659) in the Circuit Court of the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, Florida. Primary source for parties, counts, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. The PDF caption leaves the case number blank; use the official press release for the announcement and later docket entries for the assigned number. Do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of self-harm discussed in the pleading.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-florida-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-06-01`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1201bb03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT assisted planning of the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting that killed Tiru Chabba.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Vandana Joshi (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2026-05-10
+- Source type: District court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644/gov.uscourts.flnd.542644.1.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the original complaint in No. 4:26-cv-00222 (N.D. Fla., Tallahassee Division). Primary source for parties, claims, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. This page concerns a mass shooting and a minor’s survivors; do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or operational details of the attack.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-joshi-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-05-10`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e1e19a5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Federal wrongful-death complaint by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Emily Lyons (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2025-12-29
+- Source type: District court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.461878/gov.uscourts.cand.461878.1.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the original complaint in No. 3:25-cv-11037 (N.D. Cal.). Primary source for parties, counts, and alleged facts. Allegations are unverified. Do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or details of the deaths.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-lyons-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2025-12-29`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..546b5360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Northern District of California order denying OpenAI’s Colorado River motion to dismiss or stay Lyons in favor of the related Adams state-court action, and reciting the February 2026 California coordination of twelve ChatGPT product-liability cases.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Chief Judge Richard Seeborg)
+- Publication date: 2026-04-13
+- Source type: District court order (PDF)
+- URL: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.461878/gov.uscourts.cand.461878.42.0.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+RECAP copy of the April 13, 2026 order in No. 25-cv-11037-RS. Primary authority for the Colorado River ruling and for the court’s recitation that a February 3, 2026 petition coordinated twelve California state actions against ChatGPT, including the Adams estate suit. Not a merits finding of liability or causation.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-lyons-v-openai)
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](../../../used-for.md#case-in-re-chatgpt-product-liability)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-04-13`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e1b96e75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+---
+id: SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+title: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Secondary legal journalism describing In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, and situating it among Garcia and Joshi.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Thomas R. Waskom, Hunton Andrews Kurth (National Law Review)
+- Publication date: 2026-05-20
+- Source type: Secondary legal journalism
+- URL: https://natlawreview.com/article/california-superior-court-consolidates-product-liability-actions-against-openai
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Reputable secondary commentary. Use to corroborate the JCCP caption and number and the description of the coordinated theories. The article misstates Joshi’s district as the Middle District of Florida; the complaint is in the Northern District. Prefer court filings for captions, dates, and holdings. The page footer records a later republication date of August 27, 2026.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](../../../used-for.md#case-in-re-chatgpt-product-liability)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-05-20`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7841096
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+---
+id: SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+title: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Wrongful-death and product-liability complaint alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to the April 11, 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - first-amendment
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Matthew Raine and Maria Raine (plaintiff filing)
+- Publication date: 2025-08-26
+- Source type: State court complaint (PDF)
+- URL: https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/raine-vs-openai-et-al-complaint.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Journalist-hosted copy of the original San Francisco Superior Court complaint later docketed as CGC-25-628528. Primary source for original claims and parties. Allegations are unverified. Later amended pleadings and the JCCP 5431 coordination control for operative posture. This page concerns a minor’s death; do not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of harm. Replace with a court-hosted or RECAP original when available.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-raine-v-openai)
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](../../../used-for.md#case-in-re-chatgpt-product-liability)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2025-08-26`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ca42dd11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+id: SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+title: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Counsel update stating that California coordinated multiple GPT-4o product-liability actions as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, in San Francisco Superior Court.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Tech Justice Law Project
+- Publication date: 2026-02-03
+- Source type: Counsel case update
+- URL: https://techjusticelaw.org/updates/case-update-chatgpt-product-liability-litigation-coordinated-in-california-jccp/
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Self-reported update by plaintiffs’ counsel in constituent ChatGPT product-liability cases, including Raine. Use for the JCCP number (5431), the ChatGPT Product Liability Cases caption, and the statement that actions from Los Angeles, San Francisco, Alameda, and San Diego were centralized in San Francisco. Corroborate coordination date and the existence of twelve coordinated state actions with the Lyons federal order. Add the signed coordination-order PDF as a primary source when a stable URL is captured.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](../../../used-for.md#case-in-re-chatgpt-product-liability)
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-raine-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2026-02-03`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1225f6a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+---
+id: SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+title: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+type: source
+status: draft
+summary: Gwinnett County Superior Court order granting OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.
+tags:
+ - source
+ - case
+ - first-amendment
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources: []
+relationships: []
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md`
+- Source ID: `SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025)
+
+!!! info "🚧 Page Status: Early draft — needs sources and review"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 0
+ - **Relationships**: 0
+ - **Research debt items**: 0
+
+---
+
+# Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)
+
+## Bibliographic Metadata
+
+- Author or issuing body: Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia (Judge Tracie Cason)
+- Publication date: 2025-05-19
+- Source type: State court order (PDF)
+- URL: https://lawrpg.org/2025/ai-and-the-law/cases/walters/walters-summary-judgment-order.pdf
+- Archive URL: None recorded
+- Access date: 2026-09-03
+
+## Reliability Notes
+
+Hosted copy of the e-filed order in Civil Action No. 23-A-04860-2, stamped May 19, 2025 by the Gwinnett County Clerk. Primary authority for the three independent grounds of summary judgment. Replace with a clerk-hosted or RECAP original when available. Trial-court order; not appellate precedent.
+
+## Used For
+
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](../../../used-for.md#case-walters-v-openai)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-harm-litigation)
+- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../../../used-for.md#topic-ai-litigation)
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
+- Publication date: `2025-05-19`
+- Access date: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3602ce36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+---
+id: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+title: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Florida Attorney General civil enforcement action filed June 1, 2026, in Highlands County against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman, alleging deceptive trade practices, negligence, product-liability, fraud, and public nuisance.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - public-policy
+ - digital-rights
+sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - subject: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 3
+ - **Relationships**: 5
+ - **Research debt items**: 4
+
+---
+
+# Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC
+
+## Summary
+
+Office of the Attorney General, State of Florida, Department of Legal Affairs v. OpenAI Global, LLC, filed June 1, 2026, in the Circuit Court of the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, is a pending state civil enforcement action against OpenAI entities and Chief Executive Officer Sam Altman. The complaint alleges that ChatGPT was marketed as safe while presenting risks of self-harm, violence, addiction, and cognitive harm. It is not a criminal charging instrument. A separately announced Statewide Prosecution investigation of the Florida State University shooting remained open when the civil suit was filed.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On June 1, 2026, the Florida Department of Legal Affairs e-filed a civil complaint in the Tenth Judicial Circuit, Highlands County, against OpenAI Global, LLC; OpenAI Foundation (f/k/a OpenAI, Inc.); OpenAI OpCo, LLC; OpenAI Group PBC; OpenAI Holdings, LLC; and Sam Altman.[^1]
+- The Attorney General’s office announced the filing the same day as a “first-in-the-nation state-led lawsuit” seeking damages and an end to alleged deceptive and dangerous practices, and stated that a criminal investigation of the April 17, 2025 FSU shooting remained ongoing.[^2]
+- The complaint pleads ten counts: four Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act claims (unfair/immoral practices, unconscionable acts, deceptive acts, and unfair practices predicated on alleged COPPA-violative data collection from children under 13); two negligence counts; strict liability for design defect; strict liability for failure to warn; fraudulent misrepresentation against OpenAI; and public nuisance.[^1]
+- The COPPA-related FDUTPA count states that the State is not asserting a federal COPPA enforcement claim and instead treats alleged COPPA violations as unfair practices under Florida law.[^1]
+- The pleading cites private ChatGPT harm suits, including [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025).[^1]
+- On April 21, 2026, the same office announced that Statewide Prosecution had opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the FSU shooting and had subpoenaed OpenAI policies on threats, self-harm, and law-enforcement cooperation.[^3]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — File-stamped complaint (June 1, 2026). Plaintiff allegations.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026) — Official press release (June 1, 2026).
+
+[^3]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026) — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Investigation announcement, not a charge.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+This is the first state-attorney-general civil action against OpenAI over chatbot user-safety design documented in OIR. It overlays the private FSU victim suit, [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md), and the California product-liability coordination. The criminal investigation is a different proceeding and had not produced a public charging instrument in the sources reviewed here.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Florida circuit court, Highlands County. Authority level: complaint and official announcements. No court has decided the FDUTPA, product-liability, or public-nuisance theories.[^1]
+
+Personal claims against Altman are pleaded on a participation-and-control theory. Treat that as an allegation. The COPPA-as-FDUTPA count is a state-law unfair-practice theory, not a federal COPPA action.[^1]
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` cites [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT).
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): File-stamped complaint (June 1, 2026).
+2. [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026): Civil-suit press release (June 1, 2026).
+3. [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026): Criminal-investigation press release (Apr. 21, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the assigned Highlands County case number from a clerk docket (the file-stamped PDF leaves the caption number blank).
+- Add any motion to dismiss, transfer, or removal.
+- Track whether other states file parallel AG actions.
+- Keep the criminal investigation on a separate research-debt line until a charging instrument exists.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
index 2aca64e7..8d16cfde 100644
--- a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ relationships:
object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
sources:
- SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
- subject: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
predicate: related_to
object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
@@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside
- **Status**: `draft`
- **Sources**: 2
- - **Relationships**: 5
+ - **Relationships**: 6
- **Research debt items**: 4
---
@@ -100,6 +105,7 @@ This page does not state that any defendant is liable. Later docket events, incl
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` cites [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025).
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `CASE-BROWN-V-ENTERTAINMENT-MERCHANTS`.
- `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` related_to `TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`.
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c8bb177d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+---
+id: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+title: In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2026-02-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 4
+ - **Relationships**: 5
+ - **Research debt items**: 4
+
+---
+
+# In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases
+
+## Summary
+
+In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431 (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty.), is the California coordinated proceeding for state-court product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT. A February 3, 2026 coordination granted a petition covering twelve state actions, including the Adams estate suit related to [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md). The coordination is a pretrial-management device, not a finding of liability.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On February 3, 2026, a California court granted a petition coordinating twelve state actions against ChatGPT that allege product-liability theories, including the Adams estate action filed December 11, 2025.[^1]
+- Plaintiffs’ counsel reported the coordinated caption as ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, centralized in San Francisco Superior Court, covering actions from Los Angeles, San Francisco, Alameda, and San Diego and presenting common questions about whether GPT-4o is a defective product.[^2]
+- Secondary legal journalism describes the same proceeding as In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases, JCCP No. 5431, grouping claims that ChatGPT is unreasonably dangerous because of alleged sycophantic design, reinforcement of delusions or suicidal ideation, and inadequate safety testing.[^3]
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), filed August 26, 2025, in San Francisco Superior Court, is the earliest widely circulated complaint in that California cluster.[^4]
+- The federal Lyons action was not absorbed into the JCCP; the Northern District of California declined to stay Lyons in favor of the coordinated Adams state case.[^1]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026) — N.D. Cal. order (Apr. 13, 2026). Primary for the February 3, 2026 grant coordinating twelve state actions including Adams.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026) — Tech Justice update (Feb. 3, 2026). Counsel self-report of JCCP number and venue.
+
+[^3]: [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026) — National Law Review (May 20, 2026). Secondary corroboration of caption and theories.
+
+[^4]: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Raine complaint (Aug. 26, 2025). Lead early pleading in the cluster.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+JCCP 5431 is the state-court counterpart to copyright’s [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md): a management vehicle for many similar complaints, not a single class judgment. Federal FSU and Soelberg-estate cases remain outside it.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: California Superior Court, San Francisco, sitting as coordination court. Authority level: coordination grant as recited by a federal court and counsel reporting. The sources reviewed here do not include a merits ruling on product defect, speech, or Section 230.[^1][^2]
+
+Coordination does not merge the plaintiffs’ damages claims. Each constituent action still has to prove causation for that user or decedent. OpenAI’s characterization of ChatGPT as a service rather than a product, noted in secondary commentary, remains an unresolved defense.[^3]
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` cites [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026).
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026): Lyons order reciting the February 3, 2026 coordination.
+2. [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026): Tech Justice JCCP update.
+3. [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026): National Law Review overview.
+4. [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Raine complaint.
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the signed Order re Petition for Coordination PDF as a primary SRC.
+- List constituent captions from the coordination order rather than secondary roundups.
+- Add Case Management Order No. 1 and any later leadership or discovery orders from the San Francisco docket (CJC-25-005431).
+- Confirm which later-filed actions (for example Carrier or Parish, as reported in secondary trackers) were added on.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Decision date: `2026-02-03`
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..adb563f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+---
+id: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+title: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Northern District of Florida wrongful-death and product-liability action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 Florida State University shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ - subject: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ notes: Parallel product-liability theory against a chatbot vendor; Garcia is Character.AI, Joshi is ChatGPT and a third-party shooting victim.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 2
+ - **Relationships**: 5
+ - **Research debt items**: 4
+
+---
+
+# Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation
+
+## Summary
+
+Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, No. 4:26-cv-00222 (N.D. Fla.), is a pending diversity product-liability and wrongful-death action arising from the April 17, 2025 shooting at Florida State University. Vandana Joshi, as personal representative of the estate of Tiru Chabba, sued OpenAI entities and the alleged shooter, Phoenix Ikner. The complaint is allegations only; no merits ruling is recorded in the sources reviewed here.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On May 10, 2026, Vandana Joshi, as personal representative of the estate of Tiru Chabba, filed a complaint in the Northern District of Florida, Tallahassee Division, against OpenAI Foundation (f/k/a OpenAI, Inc.) and multiple OpenAI affiliates, plus Phoenix Ikner.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that Chabba, a regional vice president for Aramark present on campus as a business invitee, was among two people killed and five others injured in the April 17, 2025 shooting, and that beneficiaries include the surviving spouse and two minor children.[^1]
+- Plaintiff alleges diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332 and that venue is proper because a substantial part of the events occurred in the district, including Ikner’s alleged use of ChatGPT to plan a shooting at FSU.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads eight counts: (I) negligence against the OpenAI defendants; (II) gross negligence against the OpenAI defendants; (III) strict products liability — defective design; (IV) strict products liability — negligent design; (V) strict products liability — failure to warn; (VI) negligent entrustment against the OpenAI defendants; (VII) battery against Ikner; and (VIII) Florida wrongful death under Fla. Stat. §§ 768.16–768.26 against all defendants.[^1]
+- On April 21, 2026, Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier announced that the Office of Statewide Prosecution had opened a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears criminal responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in the same shooting, and that the office had subpoenaed OpenAI policies on user threats, self-harm, and cooperation with law enforcement.[^2]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Original complaint (May 10, 2026). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot content or operational details of the attack.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026) — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Announces an investigation, not a charge or finding of liability.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Joshi is the leading federal civil action by a shooting victim’s estate against a general-purpose chatbot vendor. It sits beside [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md), the later state enforcement suit, and a separately announced criminal investigation. Unlike [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) and [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md), the decedent here is alleged to be a third-party victim rather than a chatbot user.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Northern District of Florida. Authority level: complaint only. The pleading does not decide whether ChatGPT is a “product,” whether Section 230 or the First Amendment bars the claims, or whether any output caused the shooting.[^1]
+
+The negligent-entrustment count is an unusual theory in this cluster: it treats access to ChatGPT as entrustment of a dangerous instrumentality rather than publication of answers. Treat that as a pleading choice, not a holding. Florida’s criminal investigation is not this civil docket and had produced no public charging instrument in the sources reviewed here.[^2]
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` cites [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT).
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Joshi complaint (May 10, 2026).
+2. [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026): Florida AG criminal-investigation press release (Apr. 21, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add any later docket events (answer, motion to dismiss, transfer) from CourtListener rather than secondary trackers.
+- Confirm whether the Morales family or other FSU victims filed separate civil actions.
+- Add any charging instrument if the Statewide Prosecution investigation produces one.
+- Capture OpenAI’s public statement on the FSU matter from a primary company page if used as a fact.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9656f7a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+---
+id: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+title: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2026-04-13"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 2
+ - **Relationships**: 4
+ - **Research debt items**: 3
+
+---
+
+# Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation
+
+## Summary
+
+Emily Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, No. 3:25-cv-11037 (N.D. Cal.), is a pending diversity wrongful-death and product-liability action by the personal representative of Stein-Erik Soelberg. The complaint alleges that ChatGPT validated Soelberg’s paranoid delusions before he killed his mother, Suzanne Adams, and himself in Greenwich, Connecticut, in August 2025. On April 13, 2026, Chief Judge Richard Seeborg denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss or stay the case under the Colorado River doctrine in light of a related California state action by Adams’s estate.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On December 29, 2025, Emily Lyons, as administrator and personal representative of the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg, filed a complaint in the Northern District of California against OpenAI Foundation, other OpenAI entities, and Samuel Altman.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that Soelberg killed Adams and himself after extended ChatGPT use, and that GPT-4o’s design confirmed and elaborated delusional beliefs about identified third parties, including his mother.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads seven causes of action: strict product liability (design defect); strict liability (failure to warn); negligence (design defect); negligence (failure to warn); violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law; wrongful death; and a survival action.[^1]
+- The court recites that Adams’s estate filed a related state-court action on December 11, 2025, and that on February 3, 2026, a petition coordinated twelve California state actions against ChatGPT, including the Adams suit.[^2]
+- On April 13, 2026, the court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss or stay under Colorado River, holding there was substantial doubt that resolution of the Adams state case would resolve all issues in Lyons, including whether the model encouraged delusions and third-party harm causing Adams’s death versus delusions and self-harm causing Soelberg’s death.[^2]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Original complaint (Dec. 29, 2025). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or details of the deaths.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026) — Order denying motion to dismiss or stay (Apr. 13, 2026). Primary for the Colorado River ruling and the court’s recitation of the Adams action and February 2026 coordination.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Lyons and the Adams estate action are the leading U.S. civil dockets alleging that a general-purpose chatbot validated psychosis and contributed to third-party homicide as well as suicide. The federal case remains independent of [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md), which absorbed the Adams state suit.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Northern District of California. Authority level: district-court abstention order. Not a merits ruling on product defect, causation, or speech.[^2]
+
+The April 2026 order is narrow. It decides only that Colorado River abstention does not require staying or dismissing the federal estate’s claims because they are not necessarily coextensive with the mother’s estate’s state claims.[^2] Defendants may still raise First Amendment, Section 230, product-versus-service, and causation defenses on a later motion.
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` cites [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026).
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Lyons complaint (Dec. 29, 2025).
+2. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026): Order denying motion to dismiss or stay (Apr. 13, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add a dedicated CASE page for the Adams estate state action once a stable complaint PDF is captured.
+- Add later Lyons docket events after the April 2026 order (answer, discovery, any further motions).
+- Confirm the Adams state-court caption and number from a court record rather than the federal recitation alone.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Decision date: `2026-04-13`
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81e8d7d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+---
+id: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+title: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Pending San Francisco Superior Court wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that ChatGPT’s GPT-4o design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide; later coordinated into JCCP No. 5431.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - first-amendment
+ - digital-rights
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ notes: Parallel chatbot wrongful-death theory; Garcia is federal Character.AI, Raine is state-court ChatGPT.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 3
+ - **Relationships**: 5
+ - **Research debt items**: 4
+
+---
+
+# Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.
+
+## Summary
+
+Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action filed August 26, 2025, by Matthew and Maria Raine over the death of their 16-year-old son Adam. The original complaint names OpenAI entities and Samuel Altman and pleads design-defect, failure-to-warn, UCL, wrongful-death, and survival theories. The case was later coordinated into [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md). The sources reviewed here contain no merits ruling.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- On August 26, 2025, Matthew and Maria Raine, individually and as successors-in-interest to decedent Adam Raine, filed a San Francisco Superior Court complaint against OpenAI, Inc., OpenAI OpCo, LLC, OpenAI Holdings, LLC, Samuel Altman, and unnamed employees and investors.[^1]
+- Plaintiffs allege that Adam Raine, then 16 and a California resident, began using ChatGPT in September 2024 and died by suicide on April 11, 2025.[^1]
+- The complaint alleges that GPT-4o was designed with persistent memory, anthropomorphic mannerisms, and sycophantic engagement that fostered dependency and that OpenAI launched those features despite internal safety objections.[^1]
+- The complaint pleads seven causes of action: (1) strict product liability — design defect; (2) strict product liability — failure to warn; (3) negligence — design defect; (4) negligence — failure to warn; (5) violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law; (6) wrongful death; and (7) a survival action.[^1]
+- Florida’s later Attorney General complaint cites this action as Raine v. OpenAI, No. CGC-25-628528 (Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025).[^2]
+- Counsel in the California ChatGPT product-liability cluster reported that the Judicial Council coordinated those actions, including GPT-4o design claims of the kind pleaded here, as JCCP No. 5431 on February 3, 2026.[^3]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Original complaint (Aug. 26, 2025). Plaintiff allegations; this page does not reproduce alleged chatbot transcripts or methods of harm.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Florida AG complaint (June 1, 2026), citing the Raine docket number.
+
+[^3]: [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026) — Counsel update (Feb. 3, 2026). Self-reported; corroborate with the signed coordination order.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Raine is the first widely filed U.S. wrongful-death suit against OpenAI over an alleged chatbot-related suicide. It supplied the pleading template later recycled across the California coordination and cited by Florida’s Attorney General. [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) had already tested companion-chatbot product liability in federal court; Raine brought the same cluster of theories against a general-purpose model and its CEO.
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: California Superior Court, later coordinated in San Francisco. Authority level: complaint and coordination reporting. No court in the sources reviewed here has decided causation, whether ChatGPT is a product, or whether the First Amendment or Section 230 bars the claims.[^1][^3]
+
+Naming Altman individually is a pleading choice also used in later ChatGPT harm suits. Treat it as an allegation of personal participation in design and launch decisions, not a finding of personal liability.
+
+This page does not state that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` cites [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT).
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Original complaint (Aug. 26, 2025).
+2. [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Florida AG complaint citing the Raine docket.
+3. [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026): Tech Justice JCCP update (Feb. 3, 2026).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Replace the Courthouse News PDF with a court-hosted or RECAP original.
+- Add the October 2025 amended complaint and OpenAI’s answer from the San Francisco docket.
+- Add the signed JCCP coordination order and confirm Raine’s inclusion by caption.
+- Verify post-coordination case-management orders before stating a trial date or settlement.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a00f5182
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+---
+id: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+title: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.
+type: case
+status: draft
+summary: Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+tags:
+ - case
+ - first-amendment
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - digital-rights
+sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+relationships:
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: cites
+ object: SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+decision_date: "2025-05-19"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md`
+- Source ID: `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 1
+ - **Relationships**: 4
+ - **Research debt items**: 3
+
+---
+
+# Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.
+
+## Summary
+
+Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., No. 23-A-04860-2 (Ga. Super. Ct., Gwinnett Cnty.), is a decided defamation action arising from a May 3, 2023 ChatGPT output that falsely described radio host Mark Walters as accused of embezzlement. On May 19, 2025, Judge Tracie Cason granted OpenAI summary judgment in full on three independent grounds: the output did not communicate defamatory meaning as a matter of law; Walters could not show fault; and he could not recover damages.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- Journalist Frederick Riehl used ChatGPT on May 3, 2023, while researching a Second Amendment Foundation suit against Washington’s attorney general. After ChatGPT accurately summarized pasted complaint text, it later produced an inaccurate summary accusing Walters of embezzlement when Riehl supplied a URL.[^1]
+- Riehl had accepted terms warning that outputs can be incorrect, saw on-screen disclaimers, and had prior experience with fictional ChatGPT responses. He testified that within about an hour and a half he determined the output was untrue and that he did not believe it.[^1]
+- Walters testified that he incurred no damages and did not ask OpenAI for a correction or retraction before suing.[^1]
+- The court held that, in context — including contradictions, refusals, knowledge-cutoff warnings, and terms-of-use disclaimers — a reasonable reader in Riehl’s position could not have understood the output as stating actual facts, and that Riehl’s subjective disbelief independently defeated defamatory meaning.[^1]
+- The court held Walters could not show negligence or, as a public figure, actual malice, and that he could not recover actual, presumed, or punitive damages on that record.[^1]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025) — Summary-judgment order (May 19, 2025). Primary trial-court authority; not appellate precedent.
+
+## Historical Context
+
+Walters is among the first U.S. merits dispositions of a ChatGPT “hallucination” libel claim. It is a reputational-harm case, not a physical-injury product-liability suit, but it is the decided counterpart to the still-pending chatbot-harm inventory on [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md).
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+Jurisdiction: Georgia Superior Court. Authority level: trial-court summary judgment. The holding is fact-bound: one reader, prominent disclaimers, rapid self-correction, and no damages. It does not decide that LLM output can never be defamatory, or that OpenAI can never be a publisher.[^1]
+
+The court’s public-figure and actual-malice analysis, and its use of product disclaimers to defeat defamatory meaning, are the pieces most likely to be cited in later hallucination suits. Those pieces remain Georgia trial-court law until an appellate court says otherwise.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` cites [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025).
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025): Summary-judgment order (May 19, 2025).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Replace the lawrpg.org hosted PDF with a clerk-hosted or RECAP original.
+- Add any Georgia Court of Appeals or Supreme Court filing if Walters appealed.
+- Add the earlier federal removal/remand episode (N.D. Ga. / 11th Cir. fee dispute) only if OIR needs that procedural history.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Decision date: `2025-05-19`
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
index 462f7852..1360c42d 100644
--- a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ Three questions should be kept separate.
**Remedies and settlements.** Bartz’s $1.5 billion settlement prices past pirated acquisition for a defined class; it does not freeze the fair-use doctrine or release output claims.[^7]
-Non-copyright AI suits (chatbot product liability, defamation, privacy) are collected in [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md).
+Non-copyright AI suits (chatbot product liability, defamation, user-harm) are collected in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) and inventoried from [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md).
## Relationships
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e86a16f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+---
+id: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+title: Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation
+type: topic
+status: draft
+summary: Inventory of civil and enforcement actions alleging that conversational AI products caused physical, psychological, or reputational harm, including Character.AI wrongful-death claims, ChatGPT suicide and shooting suits, Florida’s Attorney General action, and the Walters hallucination-defamation judgment.
+tags:
+ - artificial-intelligence
+ - first-amendment
+ - digital-rights
+ - case-studies
+ - intermediary-liability
+sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
+ - SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+relationships:
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026
+ notes: Adjacent inventory of proceedings against software authors; most pages here are civil product-liability or consumer-protection actions, not criminal developer prosecutions.
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
+---
+
+# Generated Source Mirror
+
+This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside the MkDocs site.
+
+- Source path: `knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md`
+- Source ID: `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`
+- [**Edit this page**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/edit/main/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) | [**Suggest a change**](https://github.com/itsmeront/open-internet-reference/issues/new?template=suggest-edit.yml&title=Edit+suggestion:+TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION)
+
+!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
+
+ - **Status**: `draft`
+ - **Sources**: 11
+ - **Relationships**: 11
+ - **Research debt items**: 7
+
+---
+
+# Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation
+
+## Summary
+
+Conversational AI is now the subject of product-liability, wrongful-death, consumer-protection, and defamation suits. The cases documented here fall into six clusters: (1) companion-chatbot deaths involving Character.AI, (2) ChatGPT suicide and self-harm actions coordinated in California, (3) murder-suicide and psychosis allegations, (4) third-party shooting-victim claims arising from the April 17, 2025 Florida State University attack, (5) Florida’s Attorney General civil enforcement action and a related criminal investigation, and (6) a decided Georgia hallucination-defamation judgment. This page is an inventory, not a finding that any chatbot caused a death or that any defendant is liable.
+
+## Verified Facts
+
+- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most wrongful-death and product-liability claims against a Character.AI chatbot company and Google to proceed and declined, at the pleading stage, to treat LLM output as protected speech.[^1]
+- [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) (Cal. Super. Ct., S.F. Cnty., filed Aug. 26, 2025) is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, alleging that GPT-4o’s design contributed to his April 11, 2025 suicide.[^2]
+- California coordinated twelve state ChatGPT product-liability actions on February 3, 2026, as [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md), JCCP No. 5431, centralized in San Francisco Superior Court.[^3][^4][^5]
+- [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) (N.D. Cal.) is a pending federal action by Stein-Erik Soelberg’s estate alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; on April 13, 2026, the court denied a Colorado River stay in favor of the related Adams estate state case, which had been swept into the JCCP.[^3][^6]
+- [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) (N.D. Fla., filed May 10, 2026) is a pending diversity action by the estate of Tiru Chabba, killed in the April 17, 2025 FSU shooting, alleging that ChatGPT assisted the shooter in planning the attack.[^7]
+- On April 21, 2026, Florida’s Office of Statewide Prosecution announced a criminal investigation into whether OpenAI bears responsibility for ChatGPT’s role in that shooting; the announcement is not a charging instrument.[^8]
+- [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct., filed June 1, 2026) is a pending Attorney General civil action against OpenAI entities and Sam Altman alleging FDUTPA violations, negligence, product-liability, fraudulent misrepresentation, and public nuisance.[^9][^10]
+- [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025) granted OpenAI summary judgment on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim, holding the output did not communicate defamatory meaning as a matter of law and that the plaintiff could not show fault or damages.[^11]
+
+
+[^1]: [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025) — M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025. Pleading-stage order.
+
+[^2]: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^3]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026) — N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026. Primary for the Colorado River ruling and the recitation of twelve coordinated state actions.
+
+[^4]: [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026) — Counsel update (Feb. 3, 2026). JCCP number and venue.
+
+[^5]: [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026) — National Law Review (May 20, 2026). Secondary corroboration.
+
+[^6]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^7]: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^8]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026) — Official press release (Apr. 21, 2026). Investigation, not a charge.
+
+[^9]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^10]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026) — Official press release (June 1, 2026).
+
+[^11]: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025) — Ga. Super. Ct. May 19, 2025. Trial-court summary judgment.
+
+## Case map
+
+| Cluster | Leading OIR page | What is actually decided (as of sources cited) |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Companion-chatbot death | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| ChatGPT suicide (lead pleading) | [Raine](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) | Complaint filed; no merits ruling. |
+| California coordination | [JCCP 5431](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) | Twelve state actions coordinated Feb. 3, 2026; no merits ruling. |
+| Murder-suicide / psychosis | [Lyons](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) | Colorado River stay denied; no merits ruling. Adams state case is in the JCCP. |
+| FSU shooting victim | [Joshi](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) | Complaint filed; no merits ruling. Parallel AG criminal investigation announced. |
+| State enforcement | [Florida v. OpenAI](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) | AG civil complaint filed June 1, 2026; no merits ruling. |
+| Hallucination defamation | [Walters](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) | Summary judgment for OpenAI. |
+
+## Legal Analysis
+
+These dockets ask whether conversational software is a product whose design can be defective, whether particular outputs are speech protected by the [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md), and whether [Section 230](STAT-SECTION-230.md) or a user’s own act breaks the causal chain.[^1] Garcia is the only pleading-stage order in this inventory to address the speech-versus-product distinction; Walters is the only merits disposition, and it is a Georgia defamation judgment, not a physical-injury case.[^1][^11]
+
+For open-internet and software-freedom work, two tensions matter. First, treating chatbot text as unprotected non-speech at the pleading stage, as in Garcia, could expand design-defect litigation against conversational software — including open-weight models — without a merits record on causation.[^1] Second, Florida’s criminal investigation of a model vendor over alleged assistance to a shooter is a different kind of proceeding from the civil inventory and from the developer-prosecution docket on [Documented Proceedings Involving Software Authors and Operators](TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md).[^8]
+
+Copyright training cases remain on [AI Litigation Landscape](TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md) and [Copyright and Generative AI](TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md). This page does not predict outcomes or state that any chatbot caused a death.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-INTERMEDIARY-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY`.
+
+## Sources
+
+1. [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025): Garcia MTD order (2025).
+2. [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Raine complaint (2025).
+3. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026): Lyons Colorado River order (2026).
+4. [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026): Tech Justice JCCP update (2026).
+5. [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026): National Law Review JCCP overview (2026).
+6. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Lyons complaint (2025).
+7. [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Joshi complaint (2026).
+8. [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026): Florida AG criminal-investigation press release (2026).
+9. [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Florida AG civil complaint (2026).
+10. [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026): Florida AG civil-suit press release (2026).
+11. [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025): Walters summary-judgment order (2025).
+
+## Research Debt
+
+- Add the signed JCCP 5431 coordination-order PDF and a constituent-case list from that order.
+- Add a dedicated Adams estate CASE page once a stable complaint PDF is captured.
+- Add other Character.AI actions (including any Kentucky AG suit or later settlements) only with primary dockets.
+- Add other ChatGPT wrongful-death captions reported in secondary trackers (Shamblin, Lacey, Brooks, Carrier, Parish, and any Morales FSU filing) only with complaints or docket entries.
+- Add Canadian or other non-U.S. shooting-related civil actions only with official records.
+- Verify Garcia for any 2026 settlement or judgment before stating that case is resolved.
+- Biometric-privacy and employment AI cases remain outside this inventory.
+
+## Document metadata
+
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
index 52e7cfba..428854d5 100644
--- a/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
+++ b/website/generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ id: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
title: AI Litigation Landscape
type: topic
status: draft
-summary: Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
+summary: Inventory of major civil actions involving generative AI, spanning copyright of training data and outputs (including music, images, news, code, and datasets), chatbot product-liability and user-harm claims, and adjacent First Amendment issues.
tags:
- artificial-intelligence
- copyright
@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ sources:
- SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025
- SRC-CONCORD-II-COMPLAINT
- SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+ - SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026
relationships:
- subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
predicate: related_to
@@ -174,7 +180,42 @@ relationships:
object: CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC
sources:
- SRC-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT
-last_verified: "2026-09-02"
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION
+ sources:
+ - SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT
+ - subject: TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION
+ predicate: related_to
+ object: CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI
+ sources:
+ - SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025
+last_verified: "2026-09-03"
---
# Generated Source Mirror
@@ -188,8 +229,8 @@ This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside
!!! info "📝 Page Status: Draft — sourced but not yet reviewed"
- **Status**: `draft`
- - **Sources**: 30
- - **Relationships**: 26
+ - **Sources**: 36
+ - **Relationships**: 33
- **Research debt items**: 6
---
@@ -198,7 +239,7 @@ This page is generated from the source Markdown file so it can be viewed inside
## Summary
-Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented here fall into five clusters: (1) copyright in training data and model outputs, including news, books, music, images, datasets, and code, (2) copyright and trademark claims over AI-generated viral characters, (3) product-liability and speech defenses when chatbot products are alleged to have harmed users, (4) comparative German and English judgments, and (5) pending publisher and class actions that have not reached fair-use merits. This page is an inventory, not a prediction of outcomes.
+Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented here fall into five clusters: (1) copyright in training data and model outputs, including news, books, music, images, datasets, and code, (2) copyright and trademark claims over AI-generated viral characters, (3) product-liability, enforcement, and speech defenses when chatbot products are alleged to have harmed users, (4) comparative German and English judgments, and (5) pending publisher and class actions that have not reached fair-use merits. Chatbot harm dockets are inventoried in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md). This page is an inventory, not a prediction of outcomes.
## Verified Facts
@@ -211,7 +252,7 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
- [In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-OPENAI.md) (MDL No. 3143, S.D.N.Y.) centralized author and publisher actions; on October 27, 2025, the court denied OpenAI’s motion to dismiss author class output-infringement claims without deciding fair use.[^22][^23]
- [Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc.](CASE-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY.md) (S.D.N.Y.) survived an August 21, 2025 motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction and improper venue; a related Times action against Perplexity was later filed in the same district.[^24]
- [Spyder Games LLC v. Mementum Lab](CASE-SPYDER-V-MEMENTUM.md) (N.D. Cal., filed Nov. 26, 2025) seeks a declaration that AI-generated “brainrot” characters used in Steal a Brainrot are not copyrightable. See [Brain Rot and AI-Generated Meme Characters](TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT.md).[^9]
-- [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most wrongful-death and product-liability claims against a chatbot company and Google to proceed and declined, at the pleading stage, to treat LLM output as protected speech.[^10]
+- Chatbot harm dockets are inventoried in [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): [Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc.](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025) allowed most Character.AI wrongful-death claims to proceed; [Raine v. OpenAI, Inc.](CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md) and [In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases](CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) (JCCP No. 5431) collect California ChatGPT suicide and design-defect actions; [Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) is the federal Soelberg-estate murder-suicide suit; [Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation](CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md) is the FSU shooting-victim action; [Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC](CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md) is the first state AG civil enforcement suit; and [Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C.](CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) granted OpenAI summary judgment on a hallucination-defamation claim.[^10][^31][^32][^33][^34][^35]
- Music copyright dockets are inventoried in [Music Copyright and Generative AI](TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md): [UMG v. Suno](CASE-UMG-V-SUNO.md) and [UMG v. Udio](CASE-UMG-V-UDIO.md) (sound recordings; partial dismissals; no U.S. fair-use holding), [Concord v. Anthropic](CASE-CONCORD-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (lyrics; secondary and DMCA claims survive dismissal; Concord II alleges torrenting), [BMG v. Anthropic](CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (later publisher complaint; allegations only), [Sony Music Publishing v. Anthropic](CASE-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC.md) (later publisher complaint naming founders; allegations only), and [GEMA v. OpenAI](CASE-GEMA-V-OPENAI.md) (non-final German first-instance lyric judgment).[^11][^12][^13][^14][^15][^25][^26]
- Image-generator dockets: [Andersen v. Stability AI](CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY.md) (artists’ class action; Copyright Act claims survive dismissal; DMCA dismissed), [Disney v. Midjourney](CASE-DISNEY-V-MIDJOURNEY.md) (studio character outputs; consolidated with Warner Bros. Discovery; discovery ongoing), and [Getty Images v. Stability AI](CASE-GETTY-V-STABILITY.md) (English trial; secondary copyright dismissed after training claims were abandoned; U.S. action pending after a false-CMI dismissal).[^16][^17][^18][^19][^27]
- Dataset and Google models: [Kneschke v. LAION](CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md) (German TDM exceptions for compiling an open image-text dataset) and [In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation](CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md) (some models dismissed with prejudice; Bard/Gemini/Imagen claims remain).[^28][^29][^30]
@@ -278,6 +319,16 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
[^30]: [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025) — N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025.
+[^31]: [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 26, 2025. Pending; allegations. See also [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026) and [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026) for JCCP 5431.
+
+[^32]: [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026) — N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026. Colorado River stay denied.
+
+[^33]: [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^34]: [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT) — Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026. Pending; allegations.
+
+[^35]: [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025) — Ga. Super. Ct. May 19, 2025.
+
## Case map
| Cluster | Leading OIR page | What is actually decided (as of sources cited) |
@@ -301,11 +352,12 @@ Generative AI is now a regular subject of civil litigation. The cases documented
| Dataset TDM (DE) | [Kneschke](CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION.md) | Download for research/general TDM; opt-out not machine-readable as reported. |
| Google generative models | [In re Google Gen. AI](CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI.md) | Some models out with prejudice; Bard/Gemini/Imagen remain. |
| Open-source Copilot | [Doe v. GitHub](CASE-DOE-V-GITHUB.md) | DMCA CMI dismissed; contract claims live; 9th Cir. argued. |
-| Chatbot harm | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| Chatbot harm (companion) | [Garcia](CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) | Design-defect claims proceed; speech defense not established at 12(b)(6). |
+| Chatbot harm (ChatGPT cluster) | [Harm inventory](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md) | Raine and JCCP 5431 pending; Lyons stay denied; Joshi and Florida AG pending; Walters SJ for OpenAI. |
## Legal Analysis
-These dockets are not one “AI law.” Copyright training cases apply [§ 107](STAT-USC-107.md) to copying that happens before a user sees an answer. Authorship cases ask who, if anyone, owns the answer or the image. Product-liability cases ask whether the software is a product whose design can be defective, which collides with [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md) arguments that outputs are speech.[^10]
+These dockets are not one “AI law.” Copyright training cases apply [§ 107](STAT-USC-107.md) to copying that happens before a user sees an answer. Authorship cases ask who, if anyone, owns the answer or the image. Product-liability cases ask whether the software is a product whose design can be defective, which collides with [First Amendment](TOPIC-FIRST-AMENDMENT.md) arguments that outputs are speech.[^10] The harm cluster is now larger than Garcia: California has coordinated twelve ChatGPT suits, Florida has filed a civil AG action and announced a criminal investigation of the FSU shooting, and Walters shows that at least one hallucination-defamation claim failed on a developed record.[^31][^32][^34][^35]
For open-internet and software-freedom work, two tensions matter. First, a broad training-is-always-infringement rule would raise the cost of building models, including open-weight models; Bartz and Kadrey show district judges already disagree about how to weigh that against market harm.[^4][^6] Second, treating chatbot text as unprotected non-speech at the pleading stage, as in Garcia, could expand design-defect litigation against conversational software without a merits record on causation.[^10]
@@ -339,6 +391,13 @@ Criminal and sanctions cases involving software authors remain on [Documented Pr
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-KNESCHKE-V-LAION`.
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI`.
- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-BMG-V-ANTHROPIC`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`.
+- `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` related_to `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`.
## Sources
@@ -372,16 +431,22 @@ Criminal and sanctions cases involving software authors remain on [Documented Pr
28. [`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024): Kneschke LG Hamburg (2024).
29. [`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025): Kneschke OLG Hamburg (2025).
30. [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025): In re Google Generative AI MTD order (2025).
+31. [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Raine complaint (2025).
+32. [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026): Lyons Colorado River order (2026).
+33. [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Joshi complaint (2026).
+34. [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT): Florida AG civil complaint (2026).
+35. [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025): Walters summary-judgment order (2025).
+36. [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026`](../../../bibliography.md#SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026): Tech Justice JCCP update (2026).
## Research Debt
-- Add Walters v. OpenAI (defamation / ChatGPT hallucinations) with a primary docket and any opinion.
- Add EU AI Act public-enforcement matters only with official documents.
- Verify Garcia docket for any 2026 settlement or judgment before stating the case is resolved.
-- Defamation, biometric-privacy, and employment AI cases are not yet in this inventory.
+- Biometric-privacy and employment AI cases are not yet in this inventory.
- Add any Ninth Circuit opinion in Doe v. GitHub.
- Add Chicago Tribune and Britannica Perplexity complaints from those PDFs.
+- Remaining ChatGPT and Character.AI harm captions are tracked as research debt on [TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION](TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md).
## Document metadata
-- Last verified: `2026-09-02`
+- Last verified: `2026-09-03`
diff --git a/website/generated/timeline.md b/website/generated/timeline.md
index a9b1e629..51459def 100644
--- a/website/generated/timeline.md
+++ b/website/generated/timeline.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page lists legal and historical milestones in chronological order using typed date fields (`decision_date`, `enactment_date`, `legislative_override_date`, `offense_date`, `charge_date`, `arrest_date`, `indictment_date`, and `event_date`). Document publication and verification dates are shown at the bottom of individual pages. Do not edit this file manually.
-Event count: 54
+Event count: 57
## 1976
@@ -153,6 +153,10 @@ Event count: 54
- **Decision**: [`CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-NYT-V-OPENAI.md) — Pending Southern District of New York copyright litigation in which The New York Times and other publishers allege that OpenAI and Microsoft copied news works to train large language models and that outputs substitute for licensed journalism.
+## 2025-05-19
+
+- **Decision**: [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md) — Gwinnett County, Georgia defamation action over a ChatGPT hallucination; on May 19, 2025, the court granted OpenAI summary judgment on three independent grounds.
+
## 2025-05-20
- **Decision**: [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md) — Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., No. 6:24-cv-01903 (M.D. Fla.), is a pending wrongful-death and product-liability action over a Character.AI chatbot; the court allowed most claims to proceed in May 2025 and declined to treat chatbot output as protected speech at the pleading stage.
@@ -209,6 +213,14 @@ Event count: 54
- **Decision**: [`CASE-CCIA-V-PAXTON-SB2420`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-CCIA-V-PAXTON-SB2420.md) — Federal challenge to Texas SB 2420 in which the Western District of Texas granted a preliminary injunction (Dec. 23, 2025), the Fifth Circuit stayed that injunction pending appeal (June 4, 2026), and the Supreme Court denied an emergency application to vacate the stay (July 2026), leaving the App Store Accountability Act enforceable while the appeal continues.
+## 2026-02-03
+
+- **Decision**: [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md) — California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding JCCP No. 5431, created February 3, 2026, centralizing state product-liability and wrongful-death actions against OpenAI over ChatGPT in San Francisco Superior Court.
+
+## 2026-04-13
+
+- **Decision**: [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md) — Pending Northern District of California wrongful-death action by the estate of Stein-Erik Soelberg alleging that ChatGPT validated paranoid delusions before a Greenwich murder-suicide; the court denied a Colorado River stay on April 13, 2026.
+
## 2026-06-29
- **Decision**: [`CASE-CHATRIE-V-US`](source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-CHATRIE-V-US.md) — Chatrie v. United States, No. 25-112 (June 29, 2026), held that police conduct a Fourth Amendment search when they acquire an individual’s Google Location History data through a geofence warrant process, vacated the Fourth Circuit, and remanded warrant particularity/probable-cause questions.
diff --git a/website/generated/used-for.md b/website/generated/used-for.md
index de37290c..12d37714 100644
--- a/website/generated/used-for.md
+++ b/website/generated/used-for.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
This page is generated from `Used For` sections in source records. Do not edit it manually.
-Term count: 208
+Term count: 215
## `CASE-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY` { #case-andersen-v-stability }
@@ -76,6 +76,11 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025: Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc., Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET: The New York Times Company v. Perplexity AI, Inc., CourtListener docket (S.D.N.Y. No. 1:25-cv-10106)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-PERPLEXITY-DOCKET.md)
+## `CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI` { #case-florida-v-openai }
+
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## `CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES` { #case-garcia-v-character-technologies }
- [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Complaint (M.D. Fla. Oct. 22, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT.md)
@@ -96,6 +101,13 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA: Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc., 593 U.S. ___ (2021) (Justia)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-ORACLE-JUSTIA.md)
+## `CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY` { #case-in-re-chatgpt-product-liability }
+
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+
## `CASE-IN-RE-GOOGLE-GEN-AI` { #case-in-re-google-gen-ai }
- [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation, Order Granting Motion to Dismiss in Part (N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025.md)
@@ -105,6 +117,11 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025: In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md)
+## `CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI` { #case-joshi-v-openai }
+
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+
## `CASE-JUNGER-V-DALEY` { #case-junger-v-daley }
- [`SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO: Junger v. Daley ACLU Ohio Case Page`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JUNGER-ACLU-OHIO.md)
@@ -125,6 +142,11 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9: Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 801 F.3d 1126 (9th Cir. 2015)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LENZ-V-UNIVERSAL-CA9.md)
- [`SRC-USC-17-107-LII: 17 U.S.C. § 107`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USC-17-107-LII.md)
+## `CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI` { #case-lyons-v-openai }
+
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+
## `CASE-NL-V-PERTSEV` { #case-nl-v-pertsev }
- [`SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024: Netherlands v. Pertsev, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2024:2069 (East Brabant District Court, May 14, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERTSEV-ECLI-2024.md)
@@ -148,6 +170,11 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA: Perfect 10, Inc. v. CCBill LLC, 488 F.3d 1102 (9th Cir. 2007)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-PERFECT10-V-CCBILL-JUSTIA.md)
+## `CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI` { #case-raine-v-openai }
+
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+
## `CASE-RENO-V-ACLU` { #case-reno-v-aclu }
- [`SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO: Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997) (GovInfo)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RENO-V-ACLU-GOVINFO.md)
@@ -236,6 +263,10 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-TREASURY-TC-NOV-2022: Treasury Designates DPRK Weapons Representatives; Tornado Cash Redesignation (Nov. 8, 2022)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TREASURY-TC-NOV-2022.md)
- [`SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA: Van Loon v. Department of the Treasury, No. 23-50669 (5th Cir. Nov. 26, 2024) (Justia)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-VAN-LOON-5TH-CIR-JUSTIA.md)
+## `CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI` { #case-walters-v-openai }
+
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
## `CONTACT-COOLEY` { #contact-cooley }
- [`SRC-COOLEY-TECH: Cooley Technology Industry Practice Page`](source-docs/bibliography/organizations/SRC-COOLEY-TECH.md)
@@ -735,6 +766,19 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023: Copyright Registration Guidance — Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence, 88 Fed. Reg. 16190 (Mar. 16, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-USCO-AI-REGISTRATION-GUIDANCE-2023.md)
- [`SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO: Kit Walsh EFF Staff Biography`](source-docs/bibliography/people/SRC-WALSH-EFF-BIO.md)
+## `TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION` { #topic-ai-harm-litigation }
+
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing civil suit against OpenAI and Sam Altman (June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CIVIL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026: Florida Attorney General press release announcing criminal investigation of OpenAI (Apr. 21, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-AG-OPENAI-CRIMINAL-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026: National Law Review, California Superior Court Consolidates Product Liability Actions Against OpenAI (May 20, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NLR-CHATGPT-JCCP-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026: Tech Justice Law Project update on ChatGPT JCCP No. 5431 (Feb. 3, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-TJLP-JCCP-5431-2026.md)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
+
## `TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION` { #topic-ai-litigation }
- [`SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024: Andersen v. Stability AI Ltd., Order on Motions to Dismiss FAC (N.D. Cal. Aug. 12, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-ANDERSEN-V-STABILITY-MTD-2024.md)
@@ -747,6 +791,7 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET: Doe v. GitHub, Inc., CourtListener docket (9th Cir. No. 24-7700)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-9THCIR-DOCKET.md)
- [`SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024: Doe 1 v. GitHub, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. June 24, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOE-V-GITHUB-MTD-2024.md)
- [`SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025: Dow Jones & Co. v. Perplexity AI, Inc., Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-DOW-JONES-V-PERPLEXITY-MTD-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Florida v. OpenAI Global, LLC, Complaint (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct. June 1, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Complaint (M.D. Fla. Oct. 22, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025: Garcia v. Character Technologies, Inc., Order on Motions to Dismiss (M.D. Fla. May 20, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025: LG München I, Endurteil v. 11.11.2025 – 42 O 14139/24 (GEMA v. OpenAI)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GEMA-V-OPENAI-LG-MUENCHEN-2025.md)
@@ -755,17 +800,22 @@ Term count: 208
- [`SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026: Getty Images (US), Inc. v. Stability AI, Ltd., Order on Motion to Dismiss (N.D. Cal. Apr. 23, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GETTY-V-STABILITY-US-MTD-2026.md)
- [`SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025: In re Google Generative AI Copyright Litigation, Order Granting Motion to Dismiss in Part (N.D. Cal. Sept. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-GOOGLE-GEN-AI-MTD-2025.md)
- [`SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025: In re OpenAI, Inc. Copyright Infringement Litigation, Opinion Denying Motion to Dismiss Output Claims (S.D.N.Y. Oct. 27, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-IN-RE-OPENAI-OUTPUT-MTD-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Fla. May 10, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JOSHI-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143: In re OpenAI, Inc., Copyright Infringement Litigation, JPML Transfer Order (MDL No. 3143)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-JPML-OPENAI-MDL-3143.md)
- [`SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE: Kadrey v. Meta Platforms, Inc., 788 F. Supp. 3d 1026 (N.D. Cal. 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KADREY-V-META-FAIR-USE.md)
- [`SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024: Kneschke v. LAION e.V., LG Hamburg, 310 O 227/23 (Sept. 27, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-LG-HAMBURG-2024.md)
- [`SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025: Kneschke v. LAION e.V., OLG Hamburg press report, 5 U 104/24 (Dec. 10, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-KNESCHKE-OLG-HAMBURG-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Dec. 29, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026: Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation, Order Denying Motion to Dismiss or Stay (N.D. Cal. Apr. 13, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-LYONS-V-OPENAI-MTD-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Order on Rule 12(c) Contributory Claims (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 6, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-12C-2026.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. Dec. 27, 2023)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025: The New York Times Company v. Microsoft Corp., Opinion on Motions to Dismiss (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 4, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-NYT-V-OPENAI-MTD-2025.md)
+- [`SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT: Raine v. OpenAI, Inc., Complaint (Cal. Super. Ct. S.F. Cnty. Aug. 26, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-RAINE-V-OPENAI-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026: Sony Music Publishing (US) LLC v. Anthropic PBC, Complaint (N.D. Cal. Aug. 28, 2026)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-SONY-V-ANTHROPIC-COMPLAINT-2026.md)
- [`SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025: Thomson Reuters Enterprise Centre GmbH v. Ross Intelligence Inc., No. 1:20-cv-613-SB (D. Del. Feb. 11, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-THOMSON-REUTERS-V-ROSS-2025.md)
- [`SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT: UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Suno, Inc., Complaint (D. Mass. June 24, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-SUNO-COMPLAINT.md)
- [`SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT: UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Uncharted Labs, Inc., Complaint (S.D.N.Y. June 24, 2024)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-UMG-V-UDIO-COMPLAINT.md)
+- [`SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025: Walters v. OpenAI, L.L.C., Order Granting Summary Judgment (Ga. Super. Ct. Gwinnett Cnty. May 19, 2025)`](source-docs/bibliography/legal/SRC-WALTERS-V-OPENAI-SJ-2025.md)
## `TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT` { #topic-ai-music-copyright }
diff --git a/website/knowledge/law.md b/website/knowledge/law.md
index 1daf3856..17fa3c56 100644
--- a/website/knowledge/law.md
+++ b/website/knowledge/law.md
@@ -56,7 +56,18 @@ District-court and one appellate holdings. Landscape pages: [Copyright and Gener
## Pending Cases: AI Chatbot Product Liability
-- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): **Garcia v. Character Technologies** (M.D. Fla.) — wrongful-death and product-liability claims against a chatbot company; speech defense not established at the pleading stage. Inventory: [AI Litigation Landscape](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md).
+Inventory: [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md).
+
+- [`CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-GARCIA-V-CHARACTER-TECHNOLOGIES.md): **Garcia v. Character Technologies** (M.D. Fla.) — Character.AI wrongful-death claims; speech defense not established at the pleading stage.
+- [`CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-RAINE-V-OPENAI.md): **Raine v. OpenAI** (Cal. Super. Ct.) — first widely filed ChatGPT wrongful-death suit; later coordinated into JCCP 5431.
+- [`CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-IN-RE-CHATGPT-PRODUCT-LIABILITY.md): **In re ChatGPT Product Liability Cases** (JCCP No. 5431) — California coordination of twelve state ChatGPT harm actions.
+- [`CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-LYONS-V-OPENAI.md): **Lyons v. OpenAI Foundation** (N.D. Cal.) — Soelberg-estate murder-suicide suit; Colorado River stay denied April 13, 2026.
+- [`CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-JOSHI-V-OPENAI.md): **Joshi v. OpenAI Foundation** (N.D. Fla.) — FSU shooting victim’s estate alleges ChatGPT assisted planning.
+- [`CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-FLORIDA-V-OPENAI.md): **Florida v. OpenAI** (Fla. 10th Cir. Ct.) — first state AG civil action against OpenAI and Sam Altman over alleged user harms.
+
+## Decided Cases: AI Chatbot Harm
+
+- [`CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/CASE-WALTERS-V-OPENAI.md): **Walters v. OpenAI** (Ga. Super. Ct. 2025) — summary judgment for OpenAI on a ChatGPT hallucination defamation claim.
## Landmark Cases: Sanctions and Cryptocurrency Privacy Software
@@ -92,7 +103,7 @@ District-court and one appellate holdings. Landscape pages: [Copyright and Gener
## Related Topics
-Concept and inventory pages live on the [Topics](topics.md) browse page, including [Copyright and Generative AI](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md), [Music Copyright and Generative AI](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md), [AI Litigation Landscape](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md), [App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md), [Documented Proceedings Involving Software Authors and Operators](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md), Tornado Cash, First Amendment, Fourth Amendment, code as speech, fair use and video, DMCA takedown response, safe harbor, intermediary liability, and computer fraud. Related historical events include the [Zimmermann / PGP investigation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-ZIMMERMANN-PGP-INVESTIGATION.md), the [OFAC Blender.io designation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md), the [FISA Amendments Act of 2008 legislative override](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md), and the [2026 FSB charges against Pavel Durov / Telegram](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md).
+Concept and inventory pages live on the [Topics](topics.md) browse page, including [Copyright and Generative AI](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md), [Music Copyright and Generative AI](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md), [AI Litigation Landscape](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md), [Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md), [App Store and Operating System Age-Verification Laws](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-APP-STORE-AGE-VERIFICATION.md), [Documented Proceedings Involving Software Authors and Operators](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-DEVELOPER-SOFTWARE-LIABILITY.md), Tornado Cash, First Amendment, Fourth Amendment, code as speech, fair use and video, DMCA takedown response, safe harbor, intermediary liability, and computer fraud. Related historical events include the [Zimmermann / PGP investigation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-ZIMMERMANN-PGP-INVESTIGATION.md), the [OFAC Blender.io designation](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-OFAC-BLENDER-2022.md), the [FISA Amendments Act of 2008 legislative override](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FISA-AMENDMENTS-ACT-2008.md), and the [2026 FSB charges against Pavel Durov / Telegram](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/EVENT-FSB-DUROV-TELEGRAM-2026.md).
## Why This Matters
diff --git a/website/knowledge/topics.md b/website/knowledge/topics.md
index b3ffc1c0..35211349 100644
--- a/website/knowledge/topics.md
+++ b/website/knowledge/topics.md
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ Start with the landscape pages; they link out to individual case records.
- [`TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-COPYRIGHT.md): **Copyright and Generative AI** — human authorship of outputs, fair use of training corpora, and the current district-court split.
- [`TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-MUSIC-COPYRIGHT.md): **Music Copyright and Generative AI** — label suits over sound recordings (Suno, Udio), publisher lyric suits (Concord), and the German first-instance GEMA v. OpenAI judgment.
- [`TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-LITIGATION.md): **AI Litigation Landscape** — inventory of copyright, character-ownership, and chatbot product-liability actions.
+- [`TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-AI-HARM-LITIGATION.md): **Chatbot Product Liability and User-Harm Litigation** — Character.AI and ChatGPT wrongful-death suits, the FSU shooting dockets, Florida’s AG action, California JCCP 5431, and the Walters defamation judgment.
- [`TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT`](../generated/source-docs/knowledge/legal/TOPIC-BRAIN-ROT.md): **Brain Rot and AI-Generated Meme Characters** — Oxford’s 2024 Word of the Year and the pending Steal a Brainrot copyright fight.
## Computer Crime and Access