diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 2f6cf690..7341a4a1 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ Methods
 
 - [copy](docs/copy.md)
 - [emptyDir](docs/emptyDir.md)
+- [isEmptyDir](docs/isEmptyDir.md)
 - [ensureFile](docs/ensureFile.md)
 - [ensureDir](docs/ensureDir.md)
 - [ensureLink](docs/ensureLink.md)
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ Methods
 
 - [copySync](docs/copy-sync.md)
 - [emptyDirSync](docs/emptyDir-sync.md)
+- [isEmptyDirSync](docs/isEmptyDir-sync.md)
 - [ensureFileSync](docs/ensureFile-sync.md)
 - [ensureDirSync](docs/ensureDir-sync.md)
 - [ensureLinkSync](docs/ensureLink-sync.md)
diff --git a/docs/isEmptyDir-sync.md b/docs/isEmptyDir-sync.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..410db57c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/isEmptyDir-sync.md
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# isEmptyDirSync(dir)
+
+Returns `true` if the directory is empty, or `false` if it contains at least one entry. Only the first directory entry is read.
+
+- `dir` `<String>`
+
+## Example:
+
+```js
+const fs = require('fs-extra')
+
+const empty = fs.isEmptyDirSync('/tmp/some/dir')
+console.log(empty ? 'empty' : 'not empty')
+```
diff --git a/docs/isEmptyDir.md b/docs/isEmptyDir.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..71885259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/isEmptyDir.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# isEmptyDir(dir[, callback])
+
+Returns a promise that resolves to `true` if the directory is empty, or `false` if it contains at least one entry. Only the first directory entry is read.
+
+- `dir` `<String>`
+- `callback` `<Function>`
+  - `err` `<Error>`
+  - `empty` `<Boolean>`
+
+## Example:
+
+```js
+const fs = require('fs-extra')
+
+fs.isEmptyDir('/tmp/some/dir', (err, empty) => {
+  if (err) return console.error(err)
+  console.log(empty ? 'empty' : 'not empty')
+})
+```
+
+```js
+const fs = require('fs-extra')
+
+fs.isEmptyDir('/tmp/some/dir')
+  .then(empty => {
+    console.log(empty ? 'empty' : 'not empty')
+  })
+  .catch(err => console.error(err))
+```
diff --git a/lib/esm.mjs b/lib/esm.mjs
index 27b7a1f7..4948f00b 100644
--- a/lib/esm.mjs
+++ b/lib/esm.mjs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import _copy from './copy/index.js'
 import _empty from './empty/index.js'
 import _ensure from './ensure/index.js'
+import _isEmptyDir from './is-empty-dir/index.js'
 import _json from './json/index.js'
 import _mkdirs from './mkdirs/index.js'
 import _move from './move/index.js'
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ export const createSymlink = _ensure.createSymlink
 export const createSymlinkSync = _ensure.createSymlinkSync
 export const ensureSymlink = _ensure.ensureSymlink
 export const ensureSymlinkSync = _ensure.ensureSymlinkSync
+export const isEmptyDir = _isEmptyDir.isEmptyDir
+export const isEmptyDirSync = _isEmptyDir.isEmptyDirSync
 export const readJson = _json.readJson
 export const readJSON = _json.readJSON
 export const readJsonSync = _json.readJsonSync
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ export default {
   ..._copy,
   ..._empty,
   ..._ensure,
+  ..._isEmptyDir,
   ..._json,
   ..._mkdirs,
   ..._move,
diff --git a/lib/index.js b/lib/index.js
index da6711a4..f22a4d8f 100644
--- a/lib/index.js
+++ b/lib/index.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ module.exports = {
   ...require('./copy'),
   ...require('./empty'),
   ...require('./ensure'),
+  ...require('./is-empty-dir'),
   ...require('./json'),
   ...require('./mkdirs'),
   ...require('./move'),
diff --git a/lib/is-empty-dir/__tests__/is-empty-dir.test.js b/lib/is-empty-dir/__tests__/is-empty-dir.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f440ec2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/is-empty-dir/__tests__/is-empty-dir.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+'use strict'
+
+const fs = require('fs')
+const os = require('os')
+const fse = require('../..')
+const path = require('path')
+const assert = require('assert')
+const proxyquire = require('proxyquire')
+
+const { describe, it, beforeEach, afterEach } = global
+
+describe('+ isEmptyDir()', () => {
+  let TEST_DIR
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    TEST_DIR = path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'test-fs-extra', 'is-empty-dir')
+    if (fs.existsSync(TEST_DIR)) {
+      fse.removeSync(TEST_DIR)
+    }
+    fse.ensureDirSync(TEST_DIR)
+  })
+
+  afterEach(done => fse.remove(TEST_DIR, done))
+
+  it('should return true for an empty directory', async () => {
+    assert.strictEqual(await fse.isEmptyDir(TEST_DIR), true)
+  })
+
+  it('should return false for a nonempty directory', async () => {
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(TEST_DIR, 'file'), '')
+    assert.strictEqual(await fse.isEmptyDir(TEST_DIR), false)
+  })
+
+  it('should support callbacks', done => {
+    fse.isEmptyDir(TEST_DIR, (err, result) => {
+      assert.ifError(err)
+      assert.strictEqual(result, true)
+      done()
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should reject missing paths', async () => {
+    await assert.rejects(fse.isEmptyDir(path.join(TEST_DIR, 'missing')), err => err.code === 'ENOENT')
+  })
+
+  it('should reject file paths', async () => {
+    const file = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'file')
+    fs.writeFileSync(file, '')
+    await assert.rejects(fse.isEmptyDir(file), err => err.code === 'ENOTDIR')
+  })
+
+  it('should support symlinks to directories', async () => {
+    const target = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'target')
+    const symlink = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'symlink')
+    fs.mkdirSync(target)
+    fs.symlinkSync(target, symlink)
+    assert.strictEqual(await fse.isEmptyDir(symlink), true)
+  })
+
+  it('should preserve read errors and close the directory', async () => {
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error('read failed'), { code: 'EIO' })
+    let reads = 0
+    let closes = 0
+    const { isEmptyDir } = proxyquire('..', {
+      '../fs': {
+        opendir: async () => ({
+          read: callback => {
+            reads++
+            callback(error)
+          },
+          close: callback => {
+            closes++
+            callback()
+          }
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    await assert.rejects(isEmptyDir(TEST_DIR), err => err === error)
+    assert.strictEqual(reads, 1)
+    assert.strictEqual(closes, 1)
+  })
+
+  it('should close the directory after reading the first entry', async () => {
+    let reads = 0
+    let closes = 0
+    const { isEmptyDir } = proxyquire('..', {
+      '../fs': {
+        opendir: async () => ({
+          read: callback => {
+            reads++
+            callback(null, { name: 'file' })
+          },
+          close: callback => {
+            closes++
+            callback()
+          }
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    assert.strictEqual(await isEmptyDir(TEST_DIR), false)
+    assert.strictEqual(reads, 1)
+    assert.strictEqual(closes, 1)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('+ isEmptyDirSync()', () => {
+  let TEST_DIR
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    TEST_DIR = path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'test-fs-extra', 'is-empty-dir-sync')
+    if (fs.existsSync(TEST_DIR)) {
+      fse.removeSync(TEST_DIR)
+    }
+    fse.ensureDirSync(TEST_DIR)
+  })
+
+  afterEach(done => fse.remove(TEST_DIR, done))
+
+  it('should return true for an empty directory', () => {
+    assert.strictEqual(fse.isEmptyDirSync(TEST_DIR), true)
+  })
+
+  it('should return false for a nonempty directory', () => {
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(TEST_DIR, 'file'), '')
+    assert.strictEqual(fse.isEmptyDirSync(TEST_DIR), false)
+  })
+
+  it('should throw for missing paths', () => {
+    assert.throws(() => fse.isEmptyDirSync(path.join(TEST_DIR, 'missing')), err => err.code === 'ENOENT')
+  })
+
+  it('should throw for file paths', () => {
+    const file = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'file')
+    fs.writeFileSync(file, '')
+    assert.throws(() => fse.isEmptyDirSync(file), err => err.code === 'ENOTDIR')
+  })
+
+  it('should support symlinks to directories', () => {
+    const target = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'target')
+    const symlink = path.join(TEST_DIR, 'symlink')
+    fs.mkdirSync(target)
+    fs.symlinkSync(target, symlink)
+    assert.strictEqual(fse.isEmptyDirSync(symlink), true)
+  })
+
+  it('should preserve read errors and close the directory', () => {
+    const error = Object.assign(new Error('read failed'), { code: 'EIO' })
+    let reads = 0
+    let closes = 0
+    const { isEmptyDirSync } = proxyquire('..', {
+      '../fs': {
+        opendirSync: () => ({
+          readSync: () => {
+            reads++
+            throw error
+          },
+          closeSync: () => {
+            closes++
+          }
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    assert.throws(() => isEmptyDirSync(TEST_DIR), err => err === error)
+    assert.strictEqual(reads, 1)
+    assert.strictEqual(closes, 1)
+  })
+
+  it('should close the directory after reading the first entry', () => {
+    let reads = 0
+    let closes = 0
+    const { isEmptyDirSync } = proxyquire('..', {
+      '../fs': {
+        opendirSync: () => ({
+          readSync: () => {
+            reads++
+            return { name: 'file' }
+          },
+          closeSync: () => {
+            closes++
+          }
+        })
+      }
+    })
+
+    assert.strictEqual(isEmptyDirSync(TEST_DIR), false)
+    assert.strictEqual(reads, 1)
+    assert.strictEqual(closes, 1)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/lib/is-empty-dir/index.js b/lib/is-empty-dir/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ffc6607
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/is-empty-dir/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+'use strict'
+
+const u = require('universalify').fromPromise
+const fs = require('../fs')
+
+function readFirst (dir) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    dir.read((err, dirent) => {
+      if (err) return reject(err)
+      resolve(dirent)
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+function close (dir) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    dir.close(err => {
+      if (err) return reject(err)
+      resolve()
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+async function isEmptyDir (dir) {
+  const handle = await fs.opendir(dir)
+  let result
+  let error
+
+  try {
+    result = (await readFirst(handle)) === null
+  } catch (err) {
+    error = err
+  }
+
+  try {
+    await close(handle)
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (!error) error = err
+  }
+
+  if (error) throw error
+  return result
+}
+
+function isEmptyDirSync (dir) {
+  const handle = fs.opendirSync(dir)
+  let result
+  let error
+
+  try {
+    result = handle.readSync() === null
+  } catch (err) {
+    error = err
+  }
+
+  try {
+    handle.closeSync()
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (!error) error = err
+  }
+
+  if (error) throw error
+  return result
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  isEmptyDir: u(isEmptyDir),
+  isEmptyDirSync
+}
diff --git a/test.mjs b/test.mjs
index 333f9fde..59c02583 100644
--- a/test.mjs
+++ b/test.mjs
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ import {
   createSymlinkSync,
   ensureSymlink,
   ensureSymlinkSync,
+  isEmptyDir,
+  isEmptyDirSync,
   readJson,
   readJsonSync,
   writeJson,
@@ -68,6 +70,8 @@ const fsNamed = [
   createSymlinkSync,
   ensureSymlink,
   ensureSymlinkSync,
+  isEmptyDir,
+  isEmptyDirSync,
   readJson,
   readJsonSync,
   writeJson,