diff --git a/cmd/buildkitd/config/config.go b/cmd/buildkitd/config/config.go
index 42b1b4026661..f25ab3e52c8a 100644
--- a/cmd/buildkitd/config/config.go
+++ b/cmd/buildkitd/config/config.go
@@ -179,6 +179,9 @@ type ContainerdConfig struct {
 	DefaultCgroupParent string `toml:"defaultCgroupParent"`
 
 	Rootless bool `toml:"rootless"`
+
+	// HyperVIsolation enables Hyper-V isolation for Windows containers.
+	HyperVIsolation bool `toml:"hypervIsolation"`
 }
 
 type ContainerdRuntime struct {
diff --git a/cmd/buildkitd/config/load_test.go b/cmd/buildkitd/config/load_test.go
index 5a2768e67b3d..18ca4c6c36e6 100644
--- a/cmd/buildkitd/config/load_test.go
+++ b/cmd/buildkitd/config/load_test.go
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ foo="bar"
 namespace="non-default"
 platforms=["linux/amd64"]
 address="containerd.sock"
+hypervIsolation=true
 [worker.containerd.runtime]
 name="exotic"
 path="/usr/bin/exotic"
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ searchDomains=["example.com"]
 	require.Nil(t, cfg.Workers.Containerd.Enabled)
 	require.Equal(t, 1, len(cfg.Workers.Containerd.Platforms))
 	require.Equal(t, "containerd.sock", cfg.Workers.Containerd.Address)
+	require.True(t, cfg.Workers.Containerd.HyperVIsolation)
 
 	require.Equal(t, 0, len(cfg.Workers.OCI.GCPolicy))
 	require.Equal(t, "non-default", cfg.Workers.Containerd.Namespace)
diff --git a/cmd/buildkitd/main_containerd_worker.go b/cmd/buildkitd/main_containerd_worker.go
index b784e65112b2..8f9db8e16d60 100644
--- a/cmd/buildkitd/main_containerd_worker.go
+++ b/cmd/buildkitd/main_containerd_worker.go
@@ -124,6 +124,11 @@ func init() {
 			Name:  "containerd-worker-selinux",
 			Usage: "apply SELinux labels",
 		},
+		&cli.BoolFlag{
+			Name:  "containerd-worker-hyperv-isolation",
+			Usage: "use Hyper-V isolation for Windows containers",
+			Value: defaultConf.Workers.Containerd.HyperVIsolation,
+		},
 		&cli.IntFlag{
 			Name:  "containerd-max-parallelism",
 			Usage: "limit the number of parallel build steps that can run at the same time",
@@ -265,6 +270,9 @@ func applyContainerdFlags(c *cli.Command, cfg *config.Config) error {
 	if c.IsSet("containerd-worker-selinux") {
 		cfg.Workers.Containerd.SELinux = c.Bool("containerd-worker-selinux")
 	}
+	if c.IsSet("containerd-worker-hyperv-isolation") {
+		cfg.Workers.Containerd.HyperVIsolation = c.Bool("containerd-worker-hyperv-isolation")
+	}
 	if c.IsSet("containerd-max-parallelism") {
 		cfg.Workers.Containerd.MaxParallelism = c.Int("containerd-max-parallelism")
 	}
@@ -355,6 +363,7 @@ func containerdWorkerInitializer(c *cli.Command, common workerInitializerOpt) ([
 		TraceSocket:     common.traceSocket,
 		Runtime:         runtime,
 		CDIManager:      cdiManager,
+		HyperVIsolation: cfg.HyperVIsolation,
 	}
 
 	opt, err := containerd.NewWorkerOpt(workerOpts, ctd.WithTimeout(60*time.Second))
diff --git a/docs/buildkitd.toml.md b/docs/buildkitd.toml.md
index 6f037544a693..09a91bee116a 100644
--- a/docs/buildkitd.toml.md
+++ b/docs/buildkitd.toml.md
@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ provenanceEnvDir = "/etc/buildkit/provenance.d"
   cniPoolSize = 16
   # defaultCgroupParent sets the parent cgroup of all containers.
   defaultCgroupParent = "buildkit"
+  # hypervIsolation enables Hyper-V isolation for Windows containers.
+  hypervIsolation = false
 
   [worker.containerd.labels]
     "foo" = "bar"
diff --git a/docs/windows.md b/docs/windows.md
index 9d8bf91f374d..3179c343f93e 100644
--- a/docs/windows.md
+++ b/docs/windows.md
@@ -80,6 +80,27 @@ You will be asked to restart your machine, do so, and then continue with the res
     time="2024-02-26T10:42:16+03:00" level=info msg="running server on //./pipe/buildkitd"
     ```
 
+    **Running `buildkitd` with Hyper-V isolation:**
+
+    Some Windows hosts cannot run process-isolated containers for a base image
+    when the container OS version does not match the host OS version. To make
+    all build containers created by the containerd worker use Hyper-V isolation,
+    start `buildkitd` with:
+
+    ```powershell
+    buildkitd --containerd-worker-hyperv-isolation
+    ```
+
+    The same setting can be configured in `buildkitd.toml`:
+
+    ```toml
+    [worker.containerd]
+      hypervIsolation = true
+    ```
+
+    Hyper-V isolation requires the `Microsoft-Hyper-V` and `Containers`
+    Windows features to be enabled.
+
     **Running `buildkitd` with the CNI:**
 
     Note that the above simple run will not have the networking bit setup;
diff --git a/worker/containerd/containerd.go b/worker/containerd/containerd.go
index 6accceac3235..57ab5db2b688 100644
--- a/worker/containerd/containerd.go
+++ b/worker/containerd/containerd.go
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ type WorkerOptions struct {
 	TraceSocket     string
 	Runtime         *RuntimeInfo
 	CDIManager      *cdidevices.Manager
+	HyperVIsolation bool
 }
 
 // NewWorkerOpt creates a WorkerOpt.
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ func newContainerd(client *ctd.Client, workerOpts WorkerOptions) (base.WorkerOpt
 		CDIManager:       workerOpts.CDIManager,
 		NetworkProviders: np,
 		ProxyProvider:    proxyProvider,
+		HyperVIsolation:  workerOpts.HyperVIsolation,
 	}
 
 	opt := base.WorkerOpt{