function_exercises.py

# 1. Define a function named is_two. It should accept one input and return True if the passed input is either
# the number or the string 2, False otherwise.
print('########### QUESTION 1 ###############')
def is_two(x):
    return x == 2 or x == '2' #returns TRUE OR FALSE based on the value of the result of the == operator

print(is_two(2))
print(is_two('2'))
print(is_two('not two'))

# 2. Define a function named is_vowel. It should return True if the passed string is a vowel, False otherwise.
print('########### QUESTION 2 ###############')
vowels = ['a','e','i','o','u']
def is_vowel(x):
    return x.lower() in vowels #returns the given TRUE OR FALSE if the vowel is in the provided list.

print(is_vowel('a'))
print(is_vowel('E'))
print(is_vowel('Q'))

# 3. Define a function named is_consonant. It should return True if the passed string is a consonant,
# False otherwise. Use your is_vowel function to accomplish this.
print('########### QUESTION 3 ###############')
vowels = ['a','e','i','o','u']
def is_consonant(x):
    return not (x.lower() in vowels) and x.isalpha()  # returns false if given string is in value list and
                                                            # false if string is not a letter

print(is_consonant('q'))
print(is_consonant('t'))
print(is_consonant('E'))
print(is_consonant('5'))

# 4. Define a function that accepts a string that is a word. The function should capitalize the first
# letter of the word if the word starts with a consonant.
print('########### QUESTION 4 ###############')
def capitalize_if_consonant(x):
    return x.capitalize() if is_consonant(x[0]) else x     #uses is_consonant to check if given word begins with consonant then
                                                            #capitalizes word if it is

print(capitalize_if_consonant('cheese'))
print(capitalize_if_consonant('america'))
print(capitalize_if_consonant('work'))
print(capitalize_if_consonant('tork'))

# 5. Define a function named calculate_tip. It should accept a tip percentage (a number between 0 and 1) and
# the bill total, and return the amount to tip.

print('########### QUESTION 5 ###############')
def calculate_tip(tip,bill):
    return bill * tip   # returns the total tip amount by multiplying them

print(calculate_tip(.1,100))
print(calculate_tip(.15,200))
print(calculate_tip(.1,5))

# 6. Define a function named apply_discount. It should accept a original price, and a discount percentage,
# and return the price after the discount is applied.
print('########### QUESTION 6 ###############')
def apply_discount(price,discount):
    return price - (price * discount)   # returns price after discount by subtracting the discount amount from the original price

print(apply_discount(100,.1))
print(apply_discount(1000,.05))
print(apply_discount(150,.2))

# 7. Define a function named handle_commas. It should accept a string that is a number that contains
# commas in it as input, and return a number as output.

print('########### QUESTION 7 ###############')
def handle_commas(n):
    return int(n.replace(',','')) #searches for commas within the string and replaces it with nothing

print(handle_commas('1,000'))
print(handle_commas('1,000,000'))
print(handle_commas('1,005,6,2,34,,5,6,60'))
print(type(handle_commas('1,005,6,2,34,,5,6,60')))


# 8. Define a function named get_letter_grade. It should accept a number and return the letter grade
# associated with that number (A-F).
print('########### QUESTION 8 ###############')

def get_letter_grade(grade):
    letter_grade = ''   #created local string variable with no value
    if grade >= 88:
        letter_grade = 'A'
    elif grade >= 80:
        letter_grade = 'B'
    elif grade >= 67:
        letter_grade = 'C'    #uses if functions to decide what grade should be based off the given integer
    elif grade >= 60:
        letter_grade = 'D'
    else:
        letter_grade = 'F'
    return letter_grade   # returns letter grade after it has been assigned a value

print(get_letter_grade(98))
print(get_letter_grade(85))
print(get_letter_grade(75))
print(get_letter_grade(65))
print(get_letter_grade(45))

# 9. Define a function named remove_vowels that accepts a string and returns a string with all the vowels removed.

print('########### QUESTION 9 ###############')
def remove_vowels(x):
    new_word = x #creates new variable that equals the input word
    for letter in x:   # use for loop to go through each letter
        if letter.lower() in vowels:     #if letter is a vowel the vowel is removed
            new_word = new_word.replace(letter,'')
    return new_word   # returns local variable created after it has been modified

print(remove_vowels('TESTeeeeettttBAHASFK'))

# 10. Define a function named normalize_name. It should accept a string and return a valid python identifier, that is:
    # anything that is not a valid python identifier should be removed
    # leading and trailing whitespace should be removed
    # everything should be lowercase
    # spaces should be replaced with underscores
print('########### QUESTION 10 ###############')

def normalize_name(x):
    normal_name = ''    # new blank local variable is created
    for l in x:
        if l.isalnum() ==  True or l.isspace() == True:    #for loop to check each character if it is a
            normal_name += l                                        #letter, underscore, or number it gets added to new variable
    return normal_name.strip().lower().replace(' ','_')   # returns modified variable

print(normalize_name('     XX%%FA jjSG   .fasd&@%^@#$fas    '))
print(normalize_name('% Completed'))
print(normalize_name('% Completed %'))

# for example:
    # Name will become name
    # First Name will become first_name
    # % Completed will become completed


# 11. Write a function named cumulative_sum that accepts a list of numbers and returns a list that is the cumulative sum of the numbers in the list.
    # cumulative_sum([1, 1, 1]) returns [1, 2, 3]
    # cumulative_sum([1, 2, 3, 4]) returns [1, 3, 6, 10]

print('########### QUESTION 11 ###############')
def cumulative_sum(x):
    result = []   # create local empty list
    sum = 0   #creates a local variable with value of 0
    for n in x:
        sum += n    #   adds each item on the list to the variable and then appends the sum of each variable to new list
        result.append(sum)
    return result #returns new list

print (cumulative_sum( [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] ))

# Additional Exercise
    # Once you've completed the above exercises, follow the directions from https://gist.github.com/zgulde/ec8ed80ad8216905cda83d5645c60886 in order to thouroughly comment your code to explain your code.

##### Bonus

print('########### BONUS ###############')
# 1. Create a function named twelveto24. It should accept a string in the format 10:45am or 4:30pm
# and return a string that is the representation of the time in a 24-hour format. Bonus write a function that does the opposite.

def twelveto24(x):
    new_time = x
    if x[-2] == 'a':
        new_time = new_time.replace('am','')
        if len(new_time) < 5:
            new_time = '0' + new_time
    if x[-2] == 'p':
        new_time = str(int(new_time.replace('pm','').replace(':','')) + 1200)
        new_time = new_time[0] + new_time[1] + ':' + new_time[-2] + new_time[-1]
    return new_time

print(twelveto24('8:30am'))
print(twelveto24('8:30pm'))



# 2. Create a function named col_index. It should accept a spreadsheet column name, and return the index number of the column.
    # col_index('A') returns 1
    # col_index('B') returns 2
    # col_index('AA') returns 27


def col_index(x):
    alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
    n = 0
    if len(x) > 1:
        n += (26 * (len(x)-1))
        n += alphabet.find(x[-1]) + 1
    else:
        n += alphabet.find(x) + 1
    return n


print(col_index('a'))
print(col_index('AA'))
print(col_index('AAA'))
print(col_index('abc'))   # not done yet