diff --git a/cmd/oras/root/backup.go b/cmd/oras/root/backup.go
index a5d3b9d9a..aac0fd576 100644
--- a/cmd/oras/root/backup.go
+++ b/cmd/oras/root/backup.go
@@ -235,6 +235,14 @@ func runBackup(cmd *cobra.Command, opts *backupOptions) error {
 	}
 
 	for i, tag := range tags {
+		// Add the full image reference to the title annotation
+		root := roots[i]
+		fullRef := opts.repository + ":" + tag
+		if root.Annotations == nil {
+			root.Annotations = make(map[string]string, 1)
+		}
+		root.Annotations[ocispec.AnnotationTitle] = fullRef
+
 		referrerCount, err := func() (referrerCount int, retErr error) {
 			trackedDst, err := statusHandler.StartTracking(dstOCI)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -248,9 +256,9 @@ func runBackup(cmd *cobra.Command, opts *backupOptions) error {
 			}()
 
 			if opts.includeReferrers {
-				return backupTagWithReferrers(ctx, srcRepo, trackedDst, tag, roots[i], extCopyGraphOpts)
+				return backupTagWithReferrers(ctx, srcRepo, trackedDst, tag, root, extCopyGraphOpts)
 			}
-			return 0, backupTag(ctx, srcRepo, trackedDst, tag, roots[i], copyGraphOpts)
+			return 0, backupTag(ctx, srcRepo, trackedDst, tag, root, copyGraphOpts)
 		}()
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to back up tag %q from %q to %q: %w", tag, opts.repository, dstRoot, oerrors.UnwrapCopyError(err))
diff --git a/test/e2e/suite/command/backup.go b/test/e2e/suite/command/backup.go
index 02c73f79a..a1663845a 100644
--- a/test/e2e/suite/command/backup.go
+++ b/test/e2e/suite/command/backup.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 package command
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
 	"github.com/onsi/gomega"
+	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
 	"github.com/onsi/gomega/gbytes"
@@ -471,6 +473,38 @@ var _ = Describe("ORAS users:", func() {
 		})
 	})
 
+	When("verifying annotations", func() {
+		It("should set org.opencontainers.image.title annotation with full reference", func() {
+			tmpDir := GinkgoT().TempDir()
+			outDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "backup-title-annotation")
+			repo := backupTestRepo("title-annotation")
+			tag := "v1.0"
+			srcRef := RegistryRef(ZOTHost, repo, tag)
+
+			prepare(RegistryRef(ZOTHost, ArtifactRepo, foobar.Tag), srcRef)
+
+			ORAS("backup", "--output", outDir, srcRef).Exec()
+
+			verifyBackupDirectoryStructure(outDir)
+
+			// Read and verify index.json annotations
+			indexPath := filepath.Join(outDir, "index.json")
+			indexBytes, err := os.ReadFile(indexPath)
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+
+			var index ocispec.Index
+			err = json.Unmarshal(indexBytes, &index)
+			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+			Expect(index.Manifests).ToNot(BeEmpty())
+
+			// Verify annotations on the first manifest
+			annotations := index.Manifests[0].Annotations
+			Expect(annotations["org.opencontainers.image.ref.name"]).To(Equal(tag))
+			expectedFullRef := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s:%s", ZOTHost, repo, tag)
+			Expect(annotations[ocispec.AnnotationTitle]).To(Equal(expectedFullRef))
+		})
+	})
+
 	When("handling error cases", func() {
 		It("should fail when output directory cannot be created", func() {
 			// Create a file that will conflict with our output path