git-commands

# Github_Tutorials

General Concept : 
* Working area --> Staging area --> Respository

* Push --> Act of sending file to github from local PC
* Pull --> Act of receiveing from github to local PC
* Remote --> Duplicate instance of repository on remote server
* Clone --> Act of downloading the repository to local PC

Follow the steps:-

Step:-1
Create github Account:
 Open github.com
 Create account
 Create repository (Let it be github_tutorials)

Step:-2
  Download and install git:
    For windows from : git-scm.com
    
  Install Location on: C:\Program Files\Git
  Open git from terminal
  Command to check git version : git version
 
Step:-3
  Git configuration username and email:
    git config --global user.name "raju-shrestha"
    git config --global user.email "rajushrestha2007@gmail.com"

  Check the username and email verification:
    git config --global --list
 OR 
    git config user.name 
    git config user.email
  
 Check the Current directory : pwd
 Change directory : cd directoryname
 change the directory to 1 step back: cd ..
  
Step:-4
   Create directory on PC (Let it be on Desktop) location: 
   Command to create directory : mkdir directoryname   (Directoryname be Github)
   Change directory : cd directoryname 
   
Step:-5
  Copy/download the repository from github to your local PC called git clone
    git clone https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github-tutorials.git
    
  Command to listout the content of current Directory: ls
    Go to local repository: cd github_tutorials
    Listout the content of local repository: ls
    To know the status (change) of current working directory on github : git status
    To clear the git command: clear

  Connect gitbash to github Remote Repository:
    git remote add origin https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git
    
Step:-6 
   Git Add and Commit 
   Before adding any file you need to initialize git : git init
   For add command: git add filename (You can use dot(.) instead of filename to add all files)
   For commit command: git commit -m "Commit Message"
   
 Step:-7
    Publishing changes back to github (Push): 
    Before push, first connect to github remote repository:
                Command: git remote add origin https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git
    Git push command: git push -u origin master ---> origin is the nickname of github project
    Force push command : git push -f origin master
    
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* You can download and install github desktop from here: https://desktop.github.com/
* You need to signin github account  from installed github desktop before push

* To push file to remote first you need to clone: git clone https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github-tutorials.git
* Then git add filename
* git commit -m "commit message"
* And, then finally use git push
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# Switch to multiple accout: git config --global credential.useHttpPath True

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Push to an existing Repository from command line:
Push file from local to remote repository:
     git init
     git add README.md
     git commit -m "commit message"
     git remote add origin https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git
     git push -u origin master
     
   OR, you can directly use this command:
     git remote add origin https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git
     git push -u origin master
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Git Branch:
    Branch is the copy of main repository, it is required to work with open source repositiory,
    Usually a branch is created to on new features that a main repository do not have.
    -->git branch, git merge and git checkout are generally used command .

Some Commands:
    List all the branch in the current repository: git branch

Create  New Branch:
    git branch branchname

 Merge Newly Created Branch with Master Branch
     git branch merge branchname

Delete Branch:
    git branch -d branchname 

Switching Between the Branch: This also create the new branch
    git checkout branchname

Copy and Download Remote Repository to Local PC:
    git clone https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git <-- Copy and paste SSH Key
    See file on locally clone repository: ls                                                                  
    git pull origin master
    git add filename --> Add file to master branch
    git commit -m "Commit Message"
    git push origin master
       
ROLL BACK YOUR COMMIT:
     git reset commitid (you can see commit id using git log command)

     
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CREATE GIT TAG (VERSIONS):
     To create tag: git tag tagname
     To see tag: git tag
     To push to tag: git push origin tagname
     To delete tag: git tag -d tagname
     To checkout tag: git checkout tagname , and then to switch to branch : git checkout branchname
     
    References: https://www.drupixels.com/blog/git-tags-guide-create-delete-push-tags-remote-and-much-more
     
     
     
 Some Other Useful Commands: 
    git  status --> check the status of current working directory
    clear --> To clear git command from terminal
    git log --> See the comments history in chronological order ----> q to exit from git log
    git rm filename --> Remove file
    git mv originalfilename renamed-filename  --> To rename original file to other file
    git reset HEAD filename --> Bring back to working area(Unstaging area)
    git checkout commit-number filename --> Get the previous committed file
                                                                        
REMOVE FILES FROM GIT REPOSITORY  
     git clean -fd --> removes all file from current directory

NOTE: 
To add files on remote repository:
     Establish the connection to github remote repository using: git remote add origin https://github.com/raju-shrestha/github_tutorials.git
     Initialize git
     Add files
     Commit message
     Push

    
To add files to local (PC) repository:
     clone the repository to create a local working copy of existing remote repository
     Pull the changed files to a local repository
     Add New files/ Change something to already stored file
     Commit files with some message
     Push files
    
     
     ADD FILE FROM COMMAND
     touch filename.extension
     
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