diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 965f9e21..b997df01 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
     "type-check": "tsc --noEmit",
     "validate:ui": "node scripts/validate-ui.js",
     "validate:web3": "node scripts/validate-web3.js",
-    "validate": "npm run validate:ui && npm run validate:web3"
+    "validate:i18n": "node scripts/validate-i18n.js",
+    "validate": "npm run validate:ui && npm run validate:web3 && npm run validate:i18n"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@dnd-kit/core": "^6.3.1",
diff --git a/scripts/validate-i18n.js b/scripts/validate-i18n.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1869140f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/validate-i18n.js
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/**
+ * validate-i18n.js — Build-time translation key validation
+ *
+ * Loads en.json as the reference and compares every other locale file
+ * in src/locales/ to ensure key parity.  Exits with code 1 if any
+ * locale has missing or extra keys.
+ *
+ * Usage:  node scripts/validate-i18n.js
+ */
+
+import { readFileSync, readdirSync } from 'fs';
+import { join, basename } from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+
+const __dirname = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url));
+const LOCALES_DIR = join(__dirname, '..', 'src', 'locales');
+const REFERENCE_LANG = 'en';
+
+// ── helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** Recursively collect every leaf-key path from a nested object. */
+function getKeys(obj, prefix = '') {
+  const keys = [];
+  for (const key of Object.keys(obj)) {
+    const fullKey = prefix ? `${prefix}.${key}` : key;
+    if (typeof obj[key] === 'object' && obj[key] !== null) {
+      keys.push(...getKeys(obj[key], fullKey));
+    } else {
+      keys.push(fullKey);
+    }
+  }
+  return keys;
+}
+
+// ── main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function main() {
+  // Discover locale JSON files
+  const files = readdirSync(LOCALES_DIR).filter(
+    (f) => f.endsWith('.json')
+  );
+
+  if (files.length === 0) {
+    console.error('❌ No locale JSON files found in', LOCALES_DIR);
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  // Load reference
+  const refFile = `${REFERENCE_LANG}.json`;
+  if (!files.includes(refFile)) {
+    console.error(`❌ Reference locale file "${refFile}" not found`);
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  const refPath = join(LOCALES_DIR, refFile);
+  const refData = JSON.parse(readFileSync(refPath, 'utf-8'));
+  const refKeys = getKeys(refData).sort();
+
+  console.log(`\n📖 Reference: ${refFile} (${refKeys.length} keys)\n`);
+
+  let hasErrors = false;
+
+  for (const file of files) {
+    if (file === refFile) continue;
+
+    const lang = basename(file, '.json');
+    const filePath = join(LOCALES_DIR, file);
+
+    let data;
+    try {
+      data = JSON.parse(readFileSync(filePath, 'utf-8'));
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(`❌ ${lang}: Failed to parse ${file} — ${err.message}`);
+      hasErrors = true;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const langKeys = getKeys(data).sort();
+
+    const missing = refKeys.filter((k) => !langKeys.includes(k));
+    const extra = langKeys.filter((k) => !refKeys.includes(k));
+
+    if (missing.length === 0 && extra.length === 0) {
+      console.log(`  ✅ ${lang}: All ${refKeys.length} keys present`);
+    } else {
+      hasErrors = true;
+
+      if (missing.length > 0) {
+        console.error(`  ❌ ${lang}: ${missing.length} MISSING key(s):`);
+        missing.forEach((k) => console.error(`      - ${k}`));
+      }
+
+      if (extra.length > 0) {
+        console.warn(`  ⚠️  ${lang}: ${extra.length} EXTRA key(s):`);
+        extra.forEach((k) => console.warn(`      + ${k}`));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  console.log('');
+
+  if (hasErrors) {
+    console.error('❌ Translation validation FAILED — fix the issues above.\n');
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  console.log('✅ All translations are complete and in sync.\n');
+  process.exit(0);
+}
+
+main();
diff --git a/src/hooks/useInternationalization.tsx b/src/hooks/useInternationalization.tsx
index 818cfdc0..8003d531 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useInternationalization.tsx
+++ b/src/hooks/useInternationalization.tsx
@@ -115,9 +115,16 @@ export function I18nProvider({
   // Translation function
   const t = useCallback(
     (key: string, params?: Record<string, string | number>) => {
-      return getTranslation(translations, key, params);
+      const result = getTranslation(translations, key, params);
+
+      // Warn in development when a key resolves to its raw path (missing translation)
+      if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' && result === key) {
+        console.warn(`[i18n] Missing translation key: "${key}" for language "${language}"`);
+      }
+
+      return result;
     },
-    [translations],
+    [translations, language],
   );
 
   // Formatting functions
diff --git a/src/locales/ar.json b/src/locales/ar.json
index a8fcee70..020ebd57 100644
--- a/src/locales/ar.json
+++ b/src/locales/ar.json
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
     "submit": "إرسال",
     "confirm": "تأكيد",
     "yes": "نعم",
-    "no": "لا"
+    "no": "لا",
+    "welcome": "مرحباً"
   },
   "navigation": {
     "home": "الرئيسية",
diff --git a/src/locales/de.json b/src/locales/de.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d25c82f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/de.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "Laden...",
+    "error": "Fehler",
+    "success": "Erfolg",
+    "cancel": "Abbrechen",
+    "save": "Speichern",
+    "delete": "Löschen",
+    "edit": "Bearbeiten",
+    "create": "Erstellen",
+    "search": "Suchen",
+    "filter": "Filtern",
+    "close": "Schließen",
+    "back": "Zurück",
+    "next": "Weiter",
+    "previous": "Zurück",
+    "submit": "Absenden",
+    "confirm": "Bestätigen",
+    "yes": "Ja",
+    "no": "Nein",
+    "welcome": "Willkommen"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "Startseite",
+    "courses": "Kurse",
+    "dashboard": "Dashboard",
+    "profile": "Profil",
+    "settings": "Einstellungen",
+    "messages": "Nachrichten",
+    "notifications": "Benachrichtigungen",
+    "logout": "Abmelden",
+    "login": "Anmelden",
+    "signup": "Registrieren"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "Kurs",
+    "enroll": "Einschreiben",
+    "enrolled": "Eingeschrieben",
+    "progress": "Fortschritt",
+    "lessons": "Lektionen",
+    "duration": "Dauer",
+    "instructor": "Dozent",
+    "reviews": "Bewertungen",
+    "rating": "Bewertung",
+    "description": "Beschreibung",
+    "syllabus": "Lehrplan",
+    "resources": "Ressourcen"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "Willkommen",
+    "myCourses": "Meine Kurse",
+    "recentActivity": "Letzte Aktivität",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "Anstehende Fristen",
+    "recommendedCourses": "Empfohlene Kurse",
+    "learningStreak": "Lernserie",
+    "progressSummary": "Fortschrittsübersicht"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "Profil Bearbeiten",
+    "preferences": "Einstellungen",
+    "language": "Sprache",
+    "theme": "Design",
+    "notifications": "Benachrichtigungen",
+    "privacy": "Datenschutz",
+    "account": "Konto"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Sprache Auswählen",
+    "currentLanguage": "Aktuelle Sprache",
+    "languageChanged": "Sprache erfolgreich geändert",
+    "rtlMode": "Rechts-nach-Links-Modus",
+    "ltrMode": "Links-nach-Rechts-Modus"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "Dieses Feld ist erforderlich",
+    "email": "Bitte geben Sie eine gültige E-Mail-Adresse ein",
+    "minLength": "Mindestlänge beträgt {{min}} Zeichen",
+    "maxLength": "Maximale Länge beträgt {{max}} Zeichen",
+    "passwordMismatch": "Passwörter stimmen nicht überein"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "Ein Fehler ist aufgetreten",
+    "network": "Netzwerkfehler. Bitte überprüfen Sie Ihre Verbindung",
+    "notFound": "Nicht gefunden",
+    "unauthorized": "Nicht autorisiert",
+    "forbidden": "Verboten",
+    "serverError": "Serverfehler"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/en.json b/src/locales/en.json
index 9b830488..3e0af9d6 100644
--- a/src/locales/en.json
+++ b/src/locales/en.json
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
     "submit": "Submit",
     "confirm": "Confirm",
     "yes": "Yes",
-    "no": "No"
+    "no": "No",
+    "welcome": "Welcome"
   },
   "navigation": {
     "home": "Home",
diff --git a/src/locales/es.json b/src/locales/es.json
index aca118a7..200717c1 100644
--- a/src/locales/es.json
+++ b/src/locales/es.json
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
     "submit": "Enviar",
     "confirm": "Confirmar",
     "yes": "Sí",
-    "no": "No"
+    "no": "No",
+    "welcome": "Bienvenido"
   },
   "navigation": {
     "home": "Inicio",
diff --git a/src/locales/fr.json b/src/locales/fr.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9716878a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/fr.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "Chargement...",
+    "error": "Erreur",
+    "success": "Succès",
+    "cancel": "Annuler",
+    "save": "Enregistrer",
+    "delete": "Supprimer",
+    "edit": "Modifier",
+    "create": "Créer",
+    "search": "Rechercher",
+    "filter": "Filtrer",
+    "close": "Fermer",
+    "back": "Retour",
+    "next": "Suivant",
+    "previous": "Précédent",
+    "submit": "Soumettre",
+    "confirm": "Confirmer",
+    "yes": "Oui",
+    "no": "Non",
+    "welcome": "Bienvenue"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "Accueil",
+    "courses": "Cours",
+    "dashboard": "Tableau de bord",
+    "profile": "Profil",
+    "settings": "Paramètres",
+    "messages": "Messages",
+    "notifications": "Notifications",
+    "logout": "Déconnexion",
+    "login": "Connexion",
+    "signup": "S'inscrire"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "Cours",
+    "enroll": "S'inscrire",
+    "enrolled": "Inscrit",
+    "progress": "Progression",
+    "lessons": "Leçons",
+    "duration": "Durée",
+    "instructor": "Instructeur",
+    "reviews": "Avis",
+    "rating": "Note",
+    "description": "Description",
+    "syllabus": "Programme",
+    "resources": "Ressources"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "Bienvenue",
+    "myCourses": "Mes Cours",
+    "recentActivity": "Activité Récente",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "Échéances à Venir",
+    "recommendedCourses": "Cours Recommandés",
+    "learningStreak": "Série d'Apprentissage",
+    "progressSummary": "Résumé de Progression"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "Modifier le Profil",
+    "preferences": "Préférences",
+    "language": "Langue",
+    "theme": "Thème",
+    "notifications": "Notifications",
+    "privacy": "Confidentialité",
+    "account": "Compte"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Sélectionner la Langue",
+    "currentLanguage": "Langue Actuelle",
+    "languageChanged": "Langue modifiée avec succès",
+    "rtlMode": "Mode Droite à Gauche",
+    "ltrMode": "Mode Gauche à Droite"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "Ce champ est obligatoire",
+    "email": "Veuillez entrer une adresse e-mail valide",
+    "minLength": "La longueur minimale est de {{min}} caractères",
+    "maxLength": "La longueur maximale est de {{max}} caractères",
+    "passwordMismatch": "Les mots de passe ne correspondent pas"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "Une erreur est survenue",
+    "network": "Erreur réseau. Veuillez vérifier votre connexion",
+    "notFound": "Non trouvé",
+    "unauthorized": "Non autorisé",
+    "forbidden": "Interdit",
+    "serverError": "Erreur du serveur"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/he.json b/src/locales/he.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bf720e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/he.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "טוען...",
+    "error": "שגיאה",
+    "success": "הצלחה",
+    "cancel": "ביטול",
+    "save": "שמירה",
+    "delete": "מחיקה",
+    "edit": "עריכה",
+    "create": "יצירה",
+    "search": "חיפוש",
+    "filter": "סינון",
+    "close": "סגירה",
+    "back": "חזרה",
+    "next": "הבא",
+    "previous": "הקודם",
+    "submit": "שליחה",
+    "confirm": "אישור",
+    "yes": "כן",
+    "no": "לא",
+    "welcome": "ברוכים הבאים"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "דף הבית",
+    "courses": "קורסים",
+    "dashboard": "לוח בקרה",
+    "profile": "פרופיל",
+    "settings": "הגדרות",
+    "messages": "הודעות",
+    "notifications": "התראות",
+    "logout": "התנתקות",
+    "login": "התחברות",
+    "signup": "הרשמה"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "קורס",
+    "enroll": "הרשמה",
+    "enrolled": "רשום",
+    "progress": "התקדמות",
+    "lessons": "שיעורים",
+    "duration": "משך",
+    "instructor": "מרצה",
+    "reviews": "ביקורות",
+    "rating": "דירוג",
+    "description": "תיאור",
+    "syllabus": "סילבוס",
+    "resources": "משאבים"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "ברוכים הבאים",
+    "myCourses": "הקורסים שלי",
+    "recentActivity": "פעילות אחרונה",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "מועדים קרובים",
+    "recommendedCourses": "קורסים מומלצים",
+    "learningStreak": "רצף למידה",
+    "progressSummary": "סיכום התקדמות"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "עריכת פרופיל",
+    "preferences": "העדפות",
+    "language": "שפה",
+    "theme": "ערכת נושא",
+    "notifications": "התראות",
+    "privacy": "פרטיות",
+    "account": "חשבון"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "בחר שפה",
+    "currentLanguage": "שפה נוכחית",
+    "languageChanged": "השפה שונתה בהצלחה",
+    "rtlMode": "מצב ימין לשמאל",
+    "ltrMode": "מצב שמאל לימין"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "שדה זה הוא חובה",
+    "email": "אנא הזן כתובת דוא\"ל תקינה",
+    "minLength": "אורך מינימלי הוא {{min}} תווים",
+    "maxLength": "אורך מקסימלי הוא {{max}} תווים",
+    "passwordMismatch": "הסיסמאות אינן תואמות"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "אירעה שגיאה",
+    "network": "שגיאת רשת. אנא בדוק את החיבור שלך",
+    "notFound": "לא נמצא",
+    "unauthorized": "לא מורשה",
+    "forbidden": "אסור",
+    "serverError": "שגיאת שרת"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/it.json b/src/locales/it.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bf16a743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/it.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "Caricamento...",
+    "error": "Errore",
+    "success": "Successo",
+    "cancel": "Annulla",
+    "save": "Salva",
+    "delete": "Elimina",
+    "edit": "Modifica",
+    "create": "Crea",
+    "search": "Cerca",
+    "filter": "Filtra",
+    "close": "Chiudi",
+    "back": "Indietro",
+    "next": "Avanti",
+    "previous": "Precedente",
+    "submit": "Invia",
+    "confirm": "Conferma",
+    "yes": "Sì",
+    "no": "No",
+    "welcome": "Benvenuto"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "Home",
+    "courses": "Corsi",
+    "dashboard": "Pannello",
+    "profile": "Profilo",
+    "settings": "Impostazioni",
+    "messages": "Messaggi",
+    "notifications": "Notifiche",
+    "logout": "Esci",
+    "login": "Accedi",
+    "signup": "Registrati"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "Corso",
+    "enroll": "Iscriviti",
+    "enrolled": "Iscritto",
+    "progress": "Progresso",
+    "lessons": "Lezioni",
+    "duration": "Durata",
+    "instructor": "Istruttore",
+    "reviews": "Recensioni",
+    "rating": "Valutazione",
+    "description": "Descrizione",
+    "syllabus": "Programma",
+    "resources": "Risorse"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "Benvenuto",
+    "myCourses": "I Miei Corsi",
+    "recentActivity": "Attività Recente",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "Scadenze Imminenti",
+    "recommendedCourses": "Corsi Consigliati",
+    "learningStreak": "Serie di Apprendimento",
+    "progressSummary": "Riepilogo Progressi"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "Modifica Profilo",
+    "preferences": "Preferenze",
+    "language": "Lingua",
+    "theme": "Tema",
+    "notifications": "Notifiche",
+    "privacy": "Privacy",
+    "account": "Account"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Seleziona Lingua",
+    "currentLanguage": "Lingua Corrente",
+    "languageChanged": "Lingua cambiata con successo",
+    "rtlMode": "Modalità Destra a Sinistra",
+    "ltrMode": "Modalità Sinistra a Destra"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "Questo campo è obbligatorio",
+    "email": "Inserisci un indirizzo e-mail valido",
+    "minLength": "La lunghezza minima è di {{min}} caratteri",
+    "maxLength": "La lunghezza massima è di {{max}} caratteri",
+    "passwordMismatch": "Le password non corrispondono"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "Si è verificato un errore",
+    "network": "Errore di rete. Verifica la tua connessione",
+    "notFound": "Non trovato",
+    "unauthorized": "Non autorizzato",
+    "forbidden": "Vietato",
+    "serverError": "Errore del server"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/ja.json b/src/locales/ja.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5f01787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/ja.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "読み込み中...",
+    "error": "エラー",
+    "success": "成功",
+    "cancel": "キャンセル",
+    "save": "保存",
+    "delete": "削除",
+    "edit": "編集",
+    "create": "作成",
+    "search": "検索",
+    "filter": "フィルター",
+    "close": "閉じる",
+    "back": "戻る",
+    "next": "次へ",
+    "previous": "前へ",
+    "submit": "送信",
+    "confirm": "確認",
+    "yes": "はい",
+    "no": "いいえ",
+    "welcome": "ようこそ"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "ホーム",
+    "courses": "コース",
+    "dashboard": "ダッシュボード",
+    "profile": "プロフィール",
+    "settings": "設定",
+    "messages": "メッセージ",
+    "notifications": "通知",
+    "logout": "ログアウト",
+    "login": "ログイン",
+    "signup": "新規登録"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "コース",
+    "enroll": "受講登録",
+    "enrolled": "登録済み",
+    "progress": "進捗",
+    "lessons": "レッスン",
+    "duration": "期間",
+    "instructor": "講師",
+    "reviews": "レビュー",
+    "rating": "評価",
+    "description": "説明",
+    "syllabus": "シラバス",
+    "resources": "リソース"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "ようこそ",
+    "myCourses": "マイコース",
+    "recentActivity": "最近のアクティビティ",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "今後の締め切り",
+    "recommendedCourses": "おすすめコース",
+    "learningStreak": "学習連続記録",
+    "progressSummary": "進捗の概要"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "プロフィール編集",
+    "preferences": "設定",
+    "language": "言語",
+    "theme": "テーマ",
+    "notifications": "通知",
+    "privacy": "プライバシー",
+    "account": "アカウント"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "言語を選択",
+    "currentLanguage": "現在の言語",
+    "languageChanged": "言語が正常に変更されました",
+    "rtlMode": "右から左モード",
+    "ltrMode": "左から右モード"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "この項目は必須です",
+    "email": "有効なメールアドレスを入力してください",
+    "minLength": "最小文字数は{{min}}文字です",
+    "maxLength": "最大文字数は{{max}}文字です",
+    "passwordMismatch": "パスワードが一致しません"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "エラーが発生しました",
+    "network": "ネットワークエラー。接続を確認してください",
+    "notFound": "見つかりません",
+    "unauthorized": "認証されていません",
+    "forbidden": "アクセスが禁止されています",
+    "serverError": "サーバーエラー"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/ko.json b/src/locales/ko.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a8215f75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/ko.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "로딩 중...",
+    "error": "오류",
+    "success": "성공",
+    "cancel": "취소",
+    "save": "저장",
+    "delete": "삭제",
+    "edit": "편집",
+    "create": "생성",
+    "search": "검색",
+    "filter": "필터",
+    "close": "닫기",
+    "back": "뒤로",
+    "next": "다음",
+    "previous": "이전",
+    "submit": "제출",
+    "confirm": "확인",
+    "yes": "예",
+    "no": "아니요",
+    "welcome": "환영합니다"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "홈",
+    "courses": "강좌",
+    "dashboard": "대시보드",
+    "profile": "프로필",
+    "settings": "설정",
+    "messages": "메시지",
+    "notifications": "알림",
+    "logout": "로그아웃",
+    "login": "로그인",
+    "signup": "회원가입"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "강좌",
+    "enroll": "등록",
+    "enrolled": "등록됨",
+    "progress": "진행률",
+    "lessons": "수업",
+    "duration": "기간",
+    "instructor": "강사",
+    "reviews": "리뷰",
+    "rating": "평점",
+    "description": "설명",
+    "syllabus": "교과 과정",
+    "resources": "자료"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "환영합니다",
+    "myCourses": "내 강좌",
+    "recentActivity": "최근 활동",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "다가오는 마감일",
+    "recommendedCourses": "추천 강좌",
+    "learningStreak": "학습 연속 기록",
+    "progressSummary": "진행 요약"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "프로필 편집",
+    "preferences": "환경 설정",
+    "language": "언어",
+    "theme": "테마",
+    "notifications": "알림",
+    "privacy": "개인정보",
+    "account": "계정"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "언어 선택",
+    "currentLanguage": "현재 언어",
+    "languageChanged": "언어가 성공적으로 변경되었습니다",
+    "rtlMode": "오른쪽에서 왼쪽 모드",
+    "ltrMode": "왼쪽에서 오른쪽 모드"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "이 필드는 필수입니다",
+    "email": "유효한 이메일 주소를 입력해 주세요",
+    "minLength": "최소 {{min}}자 이상이어야 합니다",
+    "maxLength": "최대 {{max}}자까지 입력할 수 있습니다",
+    "passwordMismatch": "비밀번호가 일치하지 않습니다"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "오류가 발생했습니다",
+    "network": "네트워크 오류. 연결을 확인해 주세요",
+    "notFound": "찾을 수 없습니다",
+    "unauthorized": "인증되지 않았습니다",
+    "forbidden": "접근이 금지되었습니다",
+    "serverError": "서버 오류"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/pt.json b/src/locales/pt.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e87c6e8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/pt.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "Carregando...",
+    "error": "Erro",
+    "success": "Sucesso",
+    "cancel": "Cancelar",
+    "save": "Salvar",
+    "delete": "Excluir",
+    "edit": "Editar",
+    "create": "Criar",
+    "search": "Buscar",
+    "filter": "Filtrar",
+    "close": "Fechar",
+    "back": "Voltar",
+    "next": "Próximo",
+    "previous": "Anterior",
+    "submit": "Enviar",
+    "confirm": "Confirmar",
+    "yes": "Sim",
+    "no": "Não",
+    "welcome": "Bem-vindo"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "Início",
+    "courses": "Cursos",
+    "dashboard": "Painel",
+    "profile": "Perfil",
+    "settings": "Configurações",
+    "messages": "Mensagens",
+    "notifications": "Notificações",
+    "logout": "Sair",
+    "login": "Entrar",
+    "signup": "Cadastrar"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "Curso",
+    "enroll": "Matricular-se",
+    "enrolled": "Matriculado",
+    "progress": "Progresso",
+    "lessons": "Aulas",
+    "duration": "Duração",
+    "instructor": "Instrutor",
+    "reviews": "Avaliações",
+    "rating": "Nota",
+    "description": "Descrição",
+    "syllabus": "Ementa",
+    "resources": "Recursos"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "Bem-vindo",
+    "myCourses": "Meus Cursos",
+    "recentActivity": "Atividade Recente",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "Próximos Prazos",
+    "recommendedCourses": "Cursos Recomendados",
+    "learningStreak": "Sequência de Aprendizado",
+    "progressSummary": "Resumo de Progresso"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "Editar Perfil",
+    "preferences": "Preferências",
+    "language": "Idioma",
+    "theme": "Tema",
+    "notifications": "Notificações",
+    "privacy": "Privacidade",
+    "account": "Conta"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Selecionar Idioma",
+    "currentLanguage": "Idioma Atual",
+    "languageChanged": "Idioma alterado com sucesso",
+    "rtlMode": "Modo Direita para Esquerda",
+    "ltrMode": "Modo Esquerda para Direita"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "Este campo é obrigatório",
+    "email": "Por favor, insira um endereço de e-mail válido",
+    "minLength": "O comprimento mínimo é de {{min}} caracteres",
+    "maxLength": "O comprimento máximo é de {{max}} caracteres",
+    "passwordMismatch": "As senhas não coincidem"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "Ocorreu um erro",
+    "network": "Erro de rede. Por favor, verifique sua conexão",
+    "notFound": "Não encontrado",
+    "unauthorized": "Não autorizado",
+    "forbidden": "Proibido",
+    "serverError": "Erro do servidor"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/ru.json b/src/locales/ru.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fcb79087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/ru.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "Загрузка...",
+    "error": "Ошибка",
+    "success": "Успешно",
+    "cancel": "Отмена",
+    "save": "Сохранить",
+    "delete": "Удалить",
+    "edit": "Редактировать",
+    "create": "Создать",
+    "search": "Поиск",
+    "filter": "Фильтр",
+    "close": "Закрыть",
+    "back": "Назад",
+    "next": "Далее",
+    "previous": "Предыдущий",
+    "submit": "Отправить",
+    "confirm": "Подтвердить",
+    "yes": "Да",
+    "no": "Нет",
+    "welcome": "Добро пожаловать"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "Главная",
+    "courses": "Курсы",
+    "dashboard": "Панель управления",
+    "profile": "Профиль",
+    "settings": "Настройки",
+    "messages": "Сообщения",
+    "notifications": "Уведомления",
+    "logout": "Выйти",
+    "login": "Войти",
+    "signup": "Регистрация"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "Курс",
+    "enroll": "Записаться",
+    "enrolled": "Записан",
+    "progress": "Прогресс",
+    "lessons": "Уроки",
+    "duration": "Длительность",
+    "instructor": "Преподаватель",
+    "reviews": "Отзывы",
+    "rating": "Рейтинг",
+    "description": "Описание",
+    "syllabus": "Учебный план",
+    "resources": "Ресурсы"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "Добро пожаловать",
+    "myCourses": "Мои Курсы",
+    "recentActivity": "Последняя Активность",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "Ближайшие Сроки",
+    "recommendedCourses": "Рекомендуемые Курсы",
+    "learningStreak": "Серия Обучения",
+    "progressSummary": "Сводка Прогресса"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "Редактировать Профиль",
+    "preferences": "Настройки",
+    "language": "Язык",
+    "theme": "Тема",
+    "notifications": "Уведомления",
+    "privacy": "Конфиденциальность",
+    "account": "Аккаунт"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Выбрать Язык",
+    "currentLanguage": "Текущий Язык",
+    "languageChanged": "Язык успешно изменен",
+    "rtlMode": "Режим Справа Налево",
+    "ltrMode": "Режим Слева Направо"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "Это поле обязательно для заполнения",
+    "email": "Пожалуйста, введите действительный адрес электронной почты",
+    "minLength": "Минимальная длина — {{min}} символов",
+    "maxLength": "Максимальная длина — {{max}} символов",
+    "passwordMismatch": "Пароли не совпадают"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "Произошла ошибка",
+    "network": "Ошибка сети. Пожалуйста, проверьте подключение",
+    "notFound": "Не найдено",
+    "unauthorized": "Не авторизован",
+    "forbidden": "Запрещено",
+    "serverError": "Ошибка сервера"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/zh.json b/src/locales/zh.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6ed2db32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/zh.json
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+{
+  "common": {
+    "loading": "加载中...",
+    "error": "错误",
+    "success": "成功",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "save": "保存",
+    "delete": "删除",
+    "edit": "编辑",
+    "create": "创建",
+    "search": "搜索",
+    "filter": "筛选",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "back": "返回",
+    "next": "下一步",
+    "previous": "上一步",
+    "submit": "提交",
+    "confirm": "确认",
+    "yes": "是",
+    "no": "否",
+    "welcome": "欢迎"
+  },
+  "navigation": {
+    "home": "首页",
+    "courses": "课程",
+    "dashboard": "仪表盘",
+    "profile": "个人资料",
+    "settings": "设置",
+    "messages": "消息",
+    "notifications": "通知",
+    "logout": "退出登录",
+    "login": "登录",
+    "signup": "注册"
+  },
+  "course": {
+    "title": "课程",
+    "enroll": "报名",
+    "enrolled": "已报名",
+    "progress": "进度",
+    "lessons": "课时",
+    "duration": "时长",
+    "instructor": "讲师",
+    "reviews": "评论",
+    "rating": "评分",
+    "description": "描述",
+    "syllabus": "大纲",
+    "resources": "资源"
+  },
+  "dashboard": {
+    "welcome": "欢迎",
+    "myCourses": "我的课程",
+    "recentActivity": "最近活动",
+    "upcomingDeadlines": "即将到期",
+    "recommendedCourses": "推荐课程",
+    "learningStreak": "连续学习",
+    "progressSummary": "进度概要"
+  },
+  "profile": {
+    "editProfile": "编辑个人资料",
+    "preferences": "偏好设置",
+    "language": "语言",
+    "theme": "主题",
+    "notifications": "通知",
+    "privacy": "隐私",
+    "account": "账户"
+  },
+  "i18n": {
+    "selectLanguage": "选择语言",
+    "currentLanguage": "当前语言",
+    "languageChanged": "语言切换成功",
+    "rtlMode": "从右到左模式",
+    "ltrMode": "从左到右模式"
+  },
+  "validation": {
+    "required": "此字段为必填项",
+    "email": "请输入有效的电子邮件地址",
+    "minLength": "最少需要{{min}}个字符",
+    "maxLength": "最多允许{{max}}个字符",
+    "passwordMismatch": "两次输入的密码不一致"
+  },
+  "errors": {
+    "generic": "发生了一个错误",
+    "network": "网络错误，请检查您的连接",
+    "notFound": "未找到",
+    "unauthorized": "未授权",
+    "forbidden": "禁止访问",
+    "serverError": "服务器错误"
+  }
+}