diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
index 2cbdae1..c7f973f 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -1,78 +1,77 @@
-name: Bug Report
-description: Report a confirmed defect or regression
-title: "bug: "
+name: 问题反馈
+description: 报告已确认的缺陷或回归问题
+title: "问题："
 labels:
   - bug
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
       value: |
-        Provide a reproducible report. Include exact commands, config, and observed behavior.
+        请尽量提供可复现的信息，包括命令、配置、实际表现和预期结果。
 
   - type: input
     id: summary
     attributes:
-      label: Summary
-      description: One-sentence description of the bug
-      placeholder: codex_workdir is ignored by /home and the directory browser Home action
+      label: 问题概述
+      description: 用一句话描述你遇到的问题
+      placeholder: codex_workdir 在 /home 和目录浏览器的 Home 按钮中没有生效
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: environment
     attributes:
-      label: Environment
-      description: Python, PDM, NoneBot, adapter, OS, and any relevant Codex setup details
+      label: 运行环境
+      description: 填写 Python、PDM、NoneBot、适配器、操作系统以及相关 Codex 环境信息
       placeholder: |
-        Python:
-        PDM:
-        NoneBot:
-        Adapter:
-        OS:
-        Codex CLI:
+        Python 版本：
+        PDM 版本：
+        NoneBot 版本：
+        Adapter 版本：
+        操作系统：
+        Codex CLI：
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: reproduce
     attributes:
-      label: Steps To Reproduce
-      description: Provide exact steps or commands
+      label: 复现步骤
+      description: 提供可以稳定复现问题的步骤或命令
       placeholder: |
-        1. Configure codex_workdir = "/tmp/work"
-        2. Start the bot
-        3. Run /home
-        4. Observe the reported workdir
+        1. 配置 codex_workdir = "/tmp/work"
+        2. 启动机器人
+        3. 执行 /home
+        4. 观察返回的工作目录
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: expected
     attributes:
-      label: Expected Behavior
+      label: 预期行为
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: actual
     attributes:
-      label: Actual Behavior
+      label: 实际行为
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: evidence
     attributes:
-      label: Verification Evidence
-      description: Include failing tests, logs, screenshots, or command output summaries
+      label: 补充信息
+      description: 可填写失败测试、日志、截图或命令输出摘要
 
   - type: textarea
     id: affected
     attributes:
-      label: Affected Files Or Commands
+      label: 相关文件或命令
       placeholder: |
         src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py
         src/nonebot_plugin_codex/telegram.py
         /home
         /cd
-
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
index 1b2eefc..1e80377 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
-  - name: Repository Plans
+  - name: 仓库规划文档
     url: https://github.com/ttiee/nonebot-plugin-codex/tree/main/docs/plans
-    about: Review existing design and implementation planning documents before opening broad-scoped requests.
-
+    about: 在提交范围较大的请求前，请先查看现有设计文档和实现计划。
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml
index b79d9c0..2e184c2 100644
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml
@@ -1,51 +1,50 @@
-name: Feature Request
-description: Propose an improvement or new capability
-title: "feat: "
+name: 功能请求
+description: 提议一个改进或新能力
+title: "功能："
 labels:
   - enhancement
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
       value: |
-        Describe the user problem first, then the proposed solution.
+        请先描述用户问题，再说明你希望的解决方案。
 
   - type: input
     id: summary
     attributes:
-      label: Summary
-      placeholder: Add button panels for mode/model/effort/permission commands
+      label: 功能概述
+      placeholder: 为 /mode、/model、/effort、/permission 增加按钮面板
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: problem
     attributes:
-      label: Problem Statement
-      description: What is hard, missing, or error-prone today?
+      label: 问题背景
+      description: 当前使用上有什么困难、缺失或容易出错的地方？
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: proposal
     attributes:
-      label: Proposed Solution
+      label: 建议方案
     validations:
       required: true
 
   - type: textarea
     id: alternatives
     attributes:
-      label: Alternatives Considered
+      label: 备选方案
 
   - type: textarea
     id: scope
     attributes:
-      label: Scope And Constraints
-      description: Compatibility, migration, UX, or testing constraints that matter
+      label: 范围与约束
+      description: 这里填写兼容性、迁移、交互或测试方面的约束
 
   - type: textarea
     id: verification
     attributes:
-      label: Verification Plan
-      description: Tests, manual checks, or rollout validation you expect
-
+      label: 验证计划
+      description: 希望如何验证这个功能，例如测试、手工检查或上线确认
diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md
index 74cd470..04bfa2d 100644
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
-## Summary
+## 变更摘要
 
 - 
 
-## Linked Issue
+## 关联 Issue
 
 Closes #
 
-## What Changed
+## 具体改动
 
 - 
 
-## Verification
+## 验证
 
 - [ ] `pdm run pytest -q`
 - [ ] `pdm run ruff check .`
 
-## Risks / Follow-Ups
+## 风险 / 后续项
 
 - 
-
diff --git a/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates-design.md b/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates-design.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ede9ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates-design.md
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# Model Cache Fallback And Chinese Templates Design
+
+## Background
+
+The repository still has one confirmed runtime defect: if the configured model cache file is missing, `get_preferences()` currently tries to build default preferences via `load_models()`, which makes non-model commands fail early. At the same time, the repository's new GitHub issue templates and PR template are still written in English, while the project's user-facing language and maintainer preference are Chinese.
+
+## Goals
+
+- Fix the remaining bug where non-model commands fail when the model cache file is missing.
+- Keep model-specific commands honest: they may still require model metadata, but generic commands should not.
+- Localize the GitHub issue templates into Chinese.
+- Localize the PR template into Chinese as well for consistency.
+
+## Non-Goals
+
+- Do not redesign the Telegram command flow again.
+- Do not add external configuration discovery beyond the current Codex config and existing settings.
+- Do not change issue labels or broader repo governance.
+
+## Root Cause
+
+`CodexBridgeService.get_preferences()` lazily creates default preferences through `_default_preferences()`. That method currently loads the model cache first, even though many call sites only need a summary of current settings or the current workdir. As a result, commands like `/pwd`, `/codex` without a prompt, and `/new` can fail with `FileNotFoundError` before the user reaches any model-specific operation.
+
+## Approach Options
+
+### Option 1: Catch FileNotFoundError in handlers
+
+Wrap more handlers in `FileNotFoundError` handling and keep the service logic unchanged.
+
+- Pros: very small code diff
+- Cons: symptom fix only; the service still couples generic preference creation to model metadata
+
+### Option 2: Decouple default preferences from model cache
+
+Make `_default_preferences()` prefer `~/.codex/config.toml` values first, then safe fallback defaults, and only consult the model cache when available for normalization.
+
+- Pros: fixes the root cause at the service layer, keeps generic commands usable, preserves existing behavior when metadata exists
+- Cons: needs careful tests so model-specific commands still behave intentionally
+
+### Option 3: Allow missing model in preferences
+
+Let preferences hold `model=None` and push the requirement down to execution-time paths only.
+
+- Pros: semantically explicit
+- Cons: much wider type and formatting churn than necessary
+
+## Recommended Design
+
+Use Option 2.
+
+### Service Behavior
+
+- `_default_preferences()` should stop hard-requiring `load_models()`.
+- It should:
+  - read `codex_config_path` first
+  - if the model cache is available, preserve the current normalization behavior
+  - if the model cache is missing or invalid, fall back to the configured model/effort from `config.toml`
+  - if even that is missing, use a small internal default such as `gpt-5` and `high`
+
+This keeps generic preference creation stable while avoiding a large `None`-propagation refactor.
+
+### Command Expectations
+
+- These should work even if the model cache file is absent:
+  - `/pwd`
+  - `/codex` without prompt
+  - `/new`
+- These may still require model metadata and can continue to error clearly if it is missing:
+  - `/models`
+  - `/model`
+  - `/effort`
+  - model and effort selector panels
+
+### Template Localization
+
+Translate the current GitHub-facing templates to Chinese:
+
+- `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml`
+- `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml`
+- `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml`
+- `.github/pull_request_template.md`
+
+The structure should remain the same; only the repository-facing language and helper copy need localization.
+
+### Testing
+
+Add failing tests first for:
+
+- service default preferences without a model cache
+- handler paths that should stay usable without a model cache
+- presence of Chinese wording in the issue and PR templates
+
+## Risks And Mitigations
+
+- Risk: fallback defaults may diverge from an individual user's actual Codex defaults.
+  Mitigation: prefer `codex_config_path` values before any hardcoded fallback.
+
+- Risk: a broad fallback could accidentally hide model-metadata errors everywhere.
+  Mitigation: keep `load_models()`-dependent commands unchanged; only decouple generic preference creation.
diff --git a/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates.md b/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e2a6c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/plans/2026-03-12-model-cache-and-cn-templates.md
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# Model Cache Fallback And Chinese Templates Implementation Plan
+
+> **For Claude:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task.
+
+**Goal:** Fix the model-cache-dependent command failure path and localize the repository's GitHub issue and PR templates into Chinese.
+
+**Architecture:** Remove the root-cause dependency between generic preference creation and model metadata by making default preferences derive from Codex config plus safe fallback values. Keep model-specific commands dependent on explicit model metadata, and update the GitHub-facing templates in place without changing their structural purpose.
+
+**Tech Stack:** Python 3.10+, NoneBot2, nonebot-adapter-telegram, pytest, GitHub issue/PR templates
+
+---
+
+### Task 1: Add Failing Tests For Model Cache Fallback
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `tests/test_service.py`
+- Modify: `tests/test_telegram_handlers.py`
+
+**Step 1: Write the failing tests**
+
+Add tests asserting:
+- `get_preferences()` works without a model cache when `config.toml` provides model defaults
+- `/pwd` works without a model cache
+- `/codex` without a prompt works without a model cache
+
+**Step 2: Run the focused tests to verify failure**
+
+Run: `pdm run pytest tests/test_service.py tests/test_telegram_handlers.py -q`
+Expected: FAIL on the new no-model-cache cases
+
+### Task 2: Implement The Root-Cause Fix
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py`
+
+**Step 1: Implement minimal fallback logic**
+
+Change default preference construction so it:
+- prefers `codex_config_path`
+- uses model cache normalization only when metadata is available
+- falls back to internal defaults when both model cache and config are absent
+
+**Step 2: Re-run the focused tests**
+
+Run: `pdm run pytest tests/test_service.py tests/test_telegram_handlers.py -q`
+Expected: PASS for the new fallback tests
+
+### Task 3: Add Failing Checks For Chinese Templates
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `tests/test_plugin_meta.py`
+
+**Step 1: Add tests or file-content assertions for template wording**
+
+Assert the issue and PR templates contain Chinese labels/headings expected by the new repository standard.
+
+**Step 2: Run the focused tests to verify failure**
+
+Run: `pdm run pytest tests/test_plugin_meta.py -q`
+Expected: FAIL because templates are still English
+
+### Task 4: Localize GitHub Templates
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml`
+- Modify: `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml`
+- Modify: `.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml`
+- Modify: `.github/pull_request_template.md`
+
+**Step 1: Translate the templates to Chinese**
+
+Keep field structure and intent, but localize headings, descriptions, placeholders, and helper text.
+
+**Step 2: Re-run the focused tests**
+
+Run: `pdm run pytest tests/test_plugin_meta.py -q`
+Expected: PASS
+
+### Task 5: Full Verification
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: any touched files above as needed
+
+**Step 1: Run the full test suite**
+
+Run: `pdm run pytest -q`
+Expected: all tests pass
+
+**Step 2: Run lint**
+
+Run: `pdm run ruff check .`
+Expected: all checks pass
+
+**Step 3: Update GitHub artifacts if needed**
+
+If the template language change should be reflected in the existing issue/PR descriptions, update them after code verification.
diff --git a/src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py b/src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py
index 9399b60..cfc6bcf 100644
--- a/src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py
+++ b/src/nonebot_plugin_codex/service.py
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 VISIBLE_MODEL = "list"
 SUPPORTED_EFFORT_COMMANDS = {"high", "xhigh"}
 SUPPORTED_PERMISSION_MODES = {"safe", "danger"}
+FALLBACK_MODEL = "gpt-5"
+FALLBACK_REASONING_EFFORT = "high"
 BROWSER_CALLBACK_PREFIX = "cdb"
 BROWSER_PAGE_SIZE = 8
 BROWSER_FILE_SUMMARY_LIMIT = 10
@@ -1727,12 +1729,18 @@ def _normalize_effort(self, model: ModelInfo, effort: str | None) -> str:
         return model.default_reasoning_level
 
     def _default_preferences(self) -> ChatPreferences:
-        models = self.load_models()
-        model = self._pick_default_model(models)
-        _, configured_effort = self._load_codex_defaults()
-        effort = self._normalize_effort(model, configured_effort)
+        configured_model, configured_effort = self._load_codex_defaults()
+        try:
+            models = self.load_models()
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ValueError):
+            model_slug = configured_model or FALLBACK_MODEL
+            effort = configured_effort or FALLBACK_REASONING_EFFORT
+        else:
+            model = self._pick_default_model(models)
+            effort = self._normalize_effort(model, configured_effort)
+            model_slug = model.slug
         return ChatPreferences(
-            model=model.slug,
+            model=model_slug,
             reasoning_effort=effort,
             permission_mode="safe",
             workdir=self._configured_workdir(),
diff --git a/tests/test_plugin_meta.py b/tests/test_plugin_meta.py
index 498a3ad..81a4077 100644
--- a/tests/test_plugin_meta.py
+++ b/tests/test_plugin_meta.py
@@ -1,8 +1,32 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from pathlib import Path
+
 from nonebot_plugin_codex import __plugin_meta__
 
 
 def test_plugin_metadata_uses_string_adapter_names() -> None:
     assert __plugin_meta__.homepage == "https://github.com/ttiee/nonebot-plugin-codex"
     assert __plugin_meta__.supported_adapters == {"~telegram"}
+
+
+def test_issue_templates_are_localized_in_chinese() -> None:
+    repo_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+    bug_template_path = repo_root / ".github" / "ISSUE_TEMPLATE" / "bug_report.yml"
+    bug_template = bug_template_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    feature_template = (
+        repo_root / ".github" / "ISSUE_TEMPLATE" / "feature_request.yml"
+    ).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    assert "问题反馈" in bug_template
+    assert "功能请求" in feature_template
+
+
+def test_pull_request_template_is_localized_in_chinese() -> None:
+    repo_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+    template = (repo_root / ".github" / "pull_request_template.md").read_text(
+        encoding="utf-8"
+    )
+
+    assert "变更摘要" in template
+    assert "验证" in template
diff --git a/tests/test_service.py b/tests/test_service.py
index b6e8af4..a4c906b 100644
--- a/tests/test_service.py
+++ b/tests/test_service.py
@@ -52,6 +52,24 @@ def make_service(
     )
 
 
+def make_service_without_model_cache(tmp_path: Path) -> CodexBridgeService:
+    codex_config = tmp_path / "config.toml"
+    codex_config.write_text('model = "gpt-5"\nmodel_reasoning_effort = "xhigh"\n')
+    return CodexBridgeService(
+        CodexBridgeSettings(
+            binary="codex",
+            workdir=str(tmp_path),
+            models_cache_path=tmp_path / "missing-models.json",
+            codex_config_path=codex_config,
+            preferences_path=tmp_path / "data" / "codex_bridge" / "preferences.json",
+            session_index_path=tmp_path / ".codex" / "session_index.jsonl",
+            sessions_dir=tmp_path / ".codex" / "sessions",
+            archived_sessions_dir=tmp_path / ".codex" / "archived_sessions",
+        ),
+        which_resolver=lambda _: "/usr/bin/codex",
+    )
+
+
 def test_build_exec_argv_for_safe_and_resume_mode() -> None:
     argv = build_exec_argv(
         "codex",
@@ -79,6 +97,18 @@ def test_default_preferences_use_configured_workdir(
     assert preferences.workdir == str(tmp_path.resolve())
 
 
+def test_default_preferences_use_codex_config_when_model_cache_is_missing(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    service = make_service_without_model_cache(tmp_path)
+
+    preferences = service.get_preferences("private_1")
+
+    assert preferences.model == "gpt-5"
+    assert preferences.reasoning_effort == "xhigh"
+    assert preferences.workdir == str(tmp_path.resolve())
+
+
 def test_directory_browser_home_uses_configured_workdir(
     tmp_path: Path, model_cache_file: Path
 ) -> None:
diff --git a/tests/test_telegram_handlers.py b/tests/test_telegram_handlers.py
index 0e180d4..163c647 100644
--- a/tests/test_telegram_handlers.py
+++ b/tests/test_telegram_handlers.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 from dataclasses import field, dataclass
@@ -7,7 +8,12 @@
 import pytest
 
 from nonebot_plugin_codex.telegram import TelegramHandlers
-from nonebot_plugin_codex.service import ChatSession, encode_browser_callback
+from nonebot_plugin_codex.service import (
+    ChatSession,
+    CodexBridgeService,
+    CodexBridgeSettings,
+    encode_browser_callback,
+)
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -234,6 +240,24 @@ async def update_default_mode(self, chat_key: str, mode: str) -> str:
         return f"当前默认模式：{mode}"
 
 
+def make_real_service_without_model_cache(tmp_path: Path) -> CodexBridgeService:
+    codex_config = tmp_path / "config.toml"
+    codex_config.write_text('model = "gpt-5"\nmodel_reasoning_effort = "xhigh"\n')
+    return CodexBridgeService(
+        CodexBridgeSettings(
+            binary="codex",
+            workdir=str(tmp_path),
+            models_cache_path=tmp_path / "missing-models.json",
+            codex_config_path=codex_config,
+            preferences_path=tmp_path / "data" / "codex_bridge" / "preferences.json",
+            session_index_path=tmp_path / ".codex" / "session_index.jsonl",
+            sessions_dir=tmp_path / ".codex" / "sessions",
+            archived_sessions_dir=tmp_path / ".codex" / "archived_sessions",
+        ),
+        which_resolver=lambda _: "/usr/bin/codex",
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_handle_codex_without_prompt_sends_status_message() -> None:
     service = FakeService()
@@ -363,3 +387,29 @@ async def test_handle_setting_callback_updates_setting() -> None:
 
     assert service.setting_updates == ["danger"]
     assert bot.answered[0]["text"] == "已更新。"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_handle_pwd_works_when_model_cache_is_missing(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    service = make_real_service_without_model_cache(tmp_path)
+    handlers = TelegramHandlers(service)
+    bot = FakeBot()
+
+    await handlers.handle_pwd(bot, FakeEvent(""))
+
+    assert "当前工作目录" in bot.sent[0]["text"]
+    assert "模型: gpt-5" in bot.sent[0]["text"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_handle_codex_without_prompt_works_when_model_cache_is_missing(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
+    service = make_real_service_without_model_cache(tmp_path)
+    handlers = TelegramHandlers(service)
+    bot = FakeBot()
+
+    await handlers.handle_codex(bot, FakeEvent(""), FakeMessage(""))
+
+    assert "Codex 已连接" in bot.sent[0]["text"]
+    assert "模型: gpt-5" in bot.sent[0]["text"]