diff --git a/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.fixture.config.ts b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.fixture.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c544a44bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.fixture.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import fs from "fs";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+
+export default {
+  server: { middlewareMode: true },
+  resolve: {
+    alias: [
+      {
+        find: "../core/hmr",
+        replacement: fileURLToPath(import.meta.url),
+      },
+    ],
+  },
+};
+
+// Keep the real dev server and signal handlers; control only its async flush.
+export async function createHotReloader() {
+  let closeCalls = 0;
+  return {
+    start: async () => {},
+    getClientPaths: () => [],
+    registerClient: () => {},
+    unregisterClient: () => {},
+    handleClientMessage: () => {},
+    close: async () => {
+      closeCalls++;
+      await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        const onMessage = (message: unknown) => {
+          if (message !== "release") return;
+          process.off("message", onMessage);
+          resolve();
+        };
+        process.on("message", onMessage);
+        process.send?.("closing");
+      });
+      const directory = process.env.UTOO_SIGNAL_TEST_DIR;
+      if (!directory) throw new Error("Missing signal fixture directory");
+      fs.writeFileSync(
+        path.join(directory, "flushed.json"),
+        JSON.stringify({ closeCalls }),
+      );
+      if (process.env.UTOO_SIGNAL_TEST_FAIL === "1") {
+        throw new Error("Cache persistence failed");
+      }
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.test.ts b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..704aa278c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignals.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import { spawn } from "child_process";
+import fs from "fs";
+import os from "os";
+import path from "path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+const testDir = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const packageRoot = path.resolve(testDir, "../..");
+const repoRoot = path.resolve(packageRoot, "../..");
+const viteNode = path.join(repoRoot, "node_modules/vite-node/vite-node.mjs");
+
+async function runSignalsFixture(
+  secondSignal: "SIGTERM" | "SIGINT",
+  failClose = false,
+  firstSignal: "SIGTERM" | "SIGINT" = "SIGTERM",
+) {
+  const directory = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "utoo-signals-"));
+  try {
+    fs.mkdirSync(path.join(directory, "dist"));
+    return await new Promise<{
+      code: number | null;
+      signal: NodeJS.Signals | null;
+      flushed: { closeCalls: number } | null;
+      output: string;
+    }>((resolve, reject) => {
+      const child = spawn(
+        process.execPath,
+        [
+          viteNode,
+          "--config",
+          path.join(testDir, "serveSignals.fixture.config.ts"),
+          path.join(testDir, "serveSignalsChild.ts"),
+        ],
+        {
+          cwd: packageRoot,
+          env: {
+            ...process.env,
+            UTOO_SIGNAL_TEST_DIR: directory,
+            UTOO_SIGNAL_TEST_FAIL: failClose ? "1" : "0",
+          },
+          stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe", "ipc"],
+        },
+      );
+      let output = "";
+      let release: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+      let timedOut = false;
+      const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
+        timedOut = true;
+        child.kill("SIGKILL");
+      }, 15_000);
+      child.stdout.on("data", (chunk) => {
+        output += chunk;
+      });
+      child.stderr.on("data", (chunk) => {
+        output += chunk;
+      });
+      child.on("message", (message) => {
+        if (message === "ready") child.kill(firstSignal);
+        if (message === "closing") {
+          child.kill(secondSignal);
+          // Keep the flush pending long enough for the second OS signal to run.
+          release = setTimeout(() => {
+            if (child.connected) child.send("release");
+          }, 100);
+        }
+      });
+      child.once("error", (error) => {
+        child.kill("SIGKILL");
+        clearTimeout(timeout);
+        clearTimeout(release);
+        reject(error);
+      });
+      child.once("close", (code, signal) => {
+        clearTimeout(timeout);
+        clearTimeout(release);
+        if (timedOut) {
+          reject(new Error(`Signal fixture timed out\n${output}`));
+          return;
+        }
+        const marker = path.join(directory, "flushed.json");
+        resolve({
+          code,
+          signal,
+          flushed: fs.existsSync(marker)
+            ? JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(marker, "utf8"))
+            : null,
+          output,
+        });
+      });
+    });
+  } finally {
+    fs.rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+}
+
+describe.skipIf(process.platform === "win32")("dev server signals", () => {
+  it("finishes shutdown after repeated SIGTERM", async () => {
+    const result = await runSignalsFixture("SIGTERM");
+
+    expect(result.signal, result.output).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.code, result.output).toBe(0);
+    expect(result.flushed).toEqual({ closeCalls: 1 });
+  }, 20_000);
+
+  it("preserves forced exit on a second SIGINT", async () => {
+    const result = await runSignalsFixture("SIGINT", false, "SIGINT");
+
+    expect(result.signal, result.output).toBe("SIGINT");
+    expect(result.code, result.output).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.flushed).toBeNull();
+  }, 20_000);
+
+  it("preserves a failed shutdown exit after repeated SIGTERM", async () => {
+    const result = await runSignalsFixture("SIGTERM", true);
+
+    expect(result.signal, result.output).toBeNull();
+    expect(result.code, result.output).toBe(1);
+    expect(result.flushed).toEqual({ closeCalls: 1 });
+    expect(result.output).toContain("Cache persistence failed");
+  }, 20_000);
+});
diff --git a/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignalsChild.ts b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignalsChild.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..58f1fcae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/pack/src/__test__/serveSignalsChild.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { serve } from "../commands/dev";
+
+const directory = process.env.UTOO_SIGNAL_TEST_DIR;
+if (!directory) throw new Error("Missing signal fixture directory");
+
+await serve({ config: { entry: [] } }, directory, directory, {
+  port: 0,
+  hostname: "127.0.0.1",
+  logServerInfo: false,
+});
+
+// onReady runs before the signal handlers are installed; wait for serve().
+process.send?.("ready");
diff --git a/packages/pack/src/commands/dev.ts b/packages/pack/src/commands/dev.ts
index 51ce24527..041e3a532 100644
--- a/packages/pack/src/commands/dev.ts
+++ b/packages/pack/src/commands/dev.ts
@@ -355,7 +355,6 @@ async function runDev(
   };
   const closeResources = async () => {
     process.off("SIGINT", onSignal);
-    process.off("SIGTERM", onSignal);
     process.off("rejectionHandled", rejectionHandled);
     process.off("uncaughtException", exception);
     process.off("unhandledRejection", exception);
@@ -418,7 +417,10 @@ async function runDev(
       return hotReloader.writeAllEntrypointsToDisk();
     },
     close() {
-      closePromise ??= closeResources();
+      // Keep handling forwarded signals until the pending cache flush finishes.
+      closePromise ??= closeResources().finally(() => {
+        process.off("SIGTERM", onSignal);
+      });
       return closePromise;
     },
   };