BachLedger

BachLedger is named after Johann Sebastian Bach, the legendary composer renowned for his mastery of polyphony — the art of weaving multiple independent musical voices into a harmonious whole. Just as Bach orchestrated complex fugues where each voice moves independently yet contributes to a unified composition, BachLedger orchestrates parallel transaction execution where multiple transactions run concurrently while maintaining blockchain consistency.

BachLedger is a high-performance blockchain system that achieves this through Seamless Scheduling — dynamic dependency detection and cross-block transaction scheduling that maximizes parallel computing resource utilization.

Project Structure

bachledger/
├── rust/                   # 🦀 Rust native implementation
│   ├── bach-primitives/    #    Core types (Address, H256, U256)
│   ├── bach-crypto/        #    Cryptographic operations
│   ├── bach-types/         #    Blockchain types
│   ├── bach-evm/           #    EVM interpreter
│   ├── bach-consensus/     #    TBFT consensus
│   ├── bach-network/       #    P2P networking
│   ├── bach-storage/       #    Persistent storage
│   ├── bach-rpc/           #    JSON-RPC server
│   ├── bach-node/          #    Full node binary
│   └── bach-contracts/     #    Smart contract templates
│
├── deployment/             # 🐳 Docker deployment
│   ├── docker-compose.yml  #    4-node network config
│   ├── Dockerfile          #    Node image
│   └── setup.sh            #    Key generation
│
├── docs/                   # 📚 Documentation
│   └── DEPLOYMENT_GUIDE.md #    Deployment & operation guide
│
├── contracts/              # 📜 Solidity contracts
│   ├── MedicalRecord.sol   #    Medical record management
│   ├── AccessControl.sol   #    Role-based access
│   └── AuditLog.sol        #    Compliance logging
│
├── paper/                  # 📄 Research paper (IEEE ICPADS 2024)
└── assets/                 #    Project assets

Implementations

Rust Implementation (Recommended)

A complete rewrite using Rust, featuring:

• Native OEV Architecture: Ordering-Execution-Validation pipeline built from scratch
• Seamless Scheduling: Core algorithm with Ownership Table and Priority Codes
• TBFT Consensus: Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus (n > 3f+1)
• EVM Compatible: Full Ethereum Virtual Machine support
• JSON-RPC API: Ethereum-compatible API interface
• 800+ Tests: Comprehensive test coverage

Quick Start

# Build from source
cd rust
cargo build --release

# Or use Docker
docker pull youngyee/bachledger-node:latest

Run Single Node

./target/release/bach-node \
  --data-dir ./data \
  --rpc --rpc-addr 127.0.0.1:8545 \
  run

Run 4-Node Network (Docker)

cd deployment
./setup.sh           # Generate validator keys
docker compose up -d # Start network

📖 See docs/DEPLOYMENT_GUIDE.md for detailed deployment and operation guide.

ChainMaker Implementation (Legacy)

The original implementation based on ChainMaker, supporting Go and EVM contracts.

cd chainmaker/yzchain-go
# Run tests
./test-all-evm.sh      # EVM contract tests
./test-all-dockervm.sh # Go contract tests

AI-Generated Implementation Experiments

The Rust implementation of BachLedger is being developed through fully AI-generated coding experiments. The code on main was primarily generated using the ICDD (Interface-Contract-Driven Development) skill — a multi-agent TDD workflow that orchestrates isolated AI agents (Architect → Tester → Coder → Reviewers → Attacker) with strict role separation and interface-first design to produce production-quality, well-tested code.

Branch	AI Method	Description
main	ICDD Skill	Generated via .claude/skills/icdd/ — multi-agent TDD with interface contracts, adversarial testing, and validator scripts
trial-1	Claude Code	Trial 1 — First all-AI generated implementation

Paper

This is the official implementation of the research paper published at IEEE ICPADS 2024:

BachLedger: Orchestrating Parallel Execution with Dynamic Dependency Detection and Seamless Scheduling

Yi Yang, Guangyong Shang, Guangpeng Qi, Zhen Ma, Yaxiong Liu, Jiazhou Tian, Aocheng Duan, Meng Zhang, Jingying Li, Xuan Ding

2024 IEEE 30th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

DOI: 10.1109/ICPADS63350.2024.00087

Abstract

BachLedger addresses the performance bottleneck of sequential transaction execution in blockchain systems by introducing a novel approach that combines dynamic dependency detection with seamless scheduling. The system automatically identifies transaction dependencies at runtime and orchestrates concurrent execution while maintaining correctness and consistency, significantly improving blockchain throughput.

Key Innovations

1. Seamless Scheduling: Utilizes idle thread time between blocks to execute subsequent block transactions in advance
2. Ownership Table: Fine-grained conflict detection with minimal lock contention
3. Priority Codes: Deterministic transaction ordering using semantic prefixes and hash-derived values

Citation

If you use BachLedger in your research, please cite:

@inproceedings{yang2024bachledger,
  title={BachLedger: Orchestrating Parallel Execution with Dynamic Dependency Detection and Seamless Scheduling},
  author={Yang, Yi and Shang, Guangyong and Qi, Guangpeng and Ma, Zhen and Liu, Yaxiong and Tian, Jiazhou and Duan, Aocheng and Zhang, Meng and Li, Jingying and Ding, Xuan},
  booktitle={2024 IEEE 30th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)},
  year={2024},
  organization={IEEE},
  doi={10.1109/ICPADS63350.2024.00087}
}

License

This project is licensed under the Apache License 2.0.