feat: add UCRT runtime support

[niteshpurohit]

• add native socket, lifecycle, and multi-worker implementations
• validate Ruby 3.2, 3.4, and 4.0 on Windows
• document UCRT support and reject MSVC Ruby

Closes: #326
Closes: #339
Closes: #352

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR extends Vajra’s Windows support to explicitly target the RubyInstaller UCRT/MinGW ABI, adding cross-platform socket/process abstractions in the native runtime, expanding Windows-focused e2e/C++ coverage, and updating docs and build tooling to reflect the supported Windows baseline and constraints (including rejecting MSVC Ruby).

Changes:

• Introduce Windows-oriented platform abstractions (socket/process handles, OpenSSL socket BIO glue) and wire them through listener/transport/request/runtime layers.
• Expand Windows validation via new/updated e2e specs, improved process signaling/diagnostics, and additional C++ tests.
• Update docs and packaging/build scripts to document UCRT support, reject MSVC Ruby, and adjust docs navigation/structure.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 114 out of 118 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
SECURITY.md	Reflow policy text (no behavioral change).
README.md	Update repository/docs links and formatting.
gems/vajra/vajra.gemspec	Exclude build artifacts from gem file list.
gems/vajra/spec/vajra/internal/tracing_spec.rb	Adjust tracing stubbing + add before-exit drain test.
gems/vajra/spec/vajra/internal/rack_execution_spec.rb	Add uninstall safety coverage when native load fails.
gems/vajra/spec/spec_helper.rb	Make coverage filtering/require behavior Windows- and installed-gem-aware.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/vajra_worker_resilience_spec.rb	New Windows fault-injection resilience scenarios.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/startup_helpers.rb	Windows-exclusive rebind logic for port reuse checks.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/process_helpers.rb	Windows process-group signaling + better timeout diagnostics.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/http_helpers.rb	Treat ECONNABORTED as a retryable/expected failure mode.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/rack_hijack_integration_spec.rb	Improve timeout diagnostics and assertions.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/h2c_integration_spec.rb	Batch WINDOW_UPDATE frames for fewer writes.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/configuration_spec.rb	Windows-friendly span logging + test expectation tweaks.
gems/vajra/spec/e2e/spec_helper.rb	Windows process-group creation, banner parsing, installed-gem test support.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/test_support.hpp	Switch test socket ownership helpers to SocketHandle-aware guard.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/test_suites.hpp	Register new platform socket test suite.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/server_test.cpp	Run platform socket tests in the C++ test binary.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/server_lifecycle_test.cpp	Update socket invalid checks for SocketHandle semantics.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/ruby_rack_transport_stub.cpp	Update interfaces to SocketHandle / invalid socket constant.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/request_head_test.cpp	Remove POSIX pipe/unistd usage; use invalid socket sentinel.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/rack_env_test.cpp	Update request context socket fd type to SocketHandle.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/platform_socket_test.cpp	New tests for socket handle conversions and Windows BIO behavior.
gems/vajra/spec/cpp/CMakeLists.txt	Reject MSVC, set OpenSSL root for MinGW, link Windows libs, add new sources.
gems/vajra/README.md	Document Windows UCRT requirement and reflow text.
gems/vajra/performance/README.md	Update performance docs (Windows sampling notes, formatting).
gems/vajra/performance/Rakefile	Windows process control, robust server start/stop, richer RSS sampling, Windows-friendly vajra command.
gems/vajra/performance/Gemfile.lock	Add Windows UCRT platform gems.
gems/vajra/lib/vajra/internal/tracing.rb	Add before_worker_exit! and tighten drain-thread state reset.
gems/vajra/lib/vajra/internal/rack_execution.rb	Make uninstall safe when native extension APIs are unavailable.
gems/vajra/lib/vajra.rb	Add ABI checks/rejections on Windows and packaged-native lookup logic.
gems/vajra/Gemfile.lock	Add Windows platform deps (fiddle, tzinfo-data, nokogiri platform).
gems/vajra/Gemfile	Add Windows-scoped gems (fiddle, tzinfo-data).
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/vendor/nghttp2/UPSTREAM.md	Reflow upstream update instructions.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/transport/tls_connection.hpp	Switch TLS socket types + add Windows BIO APIs.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/transport/tls_connection.cpp	Implement Windows BIO method and replace poll-based waits with platform waits.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/transport/connection.hpp	Switch Connection API to SocketHandle/SignedSize.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/transport/connection.cpp	Use platform socket I/O + wait abstraction.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/server.hpp	Expand server config surface and migrate listener fd to SocketHandle.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/worker_pool.hpp	Replace pid_t with platform::ProcessId.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/windows_worker_backend.hpp	New Windows worker supervisor interface header.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/time_utils.cpp	Use gmtime_s on Windows.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/runtime_state.hpp	Windows mapping APIs + ProcessId typing + shutdown query.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/runtime_state.cpp	Windows shared mapping + Windows RSS sampling + shutdown query implementation.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/runtime_logging.hpp	Use platform ProcessId and expanded boot logging signature.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/native_runtime.hpp	Platform ProcessId types + Windows supervisor member.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/runtime/native_runtime.cpp	Call tracing before-exit hook; use platform parent pid; rb_funcallv usage.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/response/response_writer.hpp	Switch to SocketHandle for direct socket writes.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/response/response_writer.cpp	Use platform setsockopt wrapper; guard POSIX headers.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_processor.hpp	Add request-activity callback plumbing.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_processor.cpp	Add request activity guard; use platform pid; Windows close handling.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_head_reader.hpp	Switch read() to SocketHandle.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_head_reader.cpp	Switch read() to SocketHandle (implementation signature).
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_head_parser.hpp	Include platform socket header and adjust includes/formatting.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_context.hpp	Store client fd as SocketHandle with invalid sentinel.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_body_reader.hpp	Switch to SocketHandle for fd-based reads.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/request_body_reader.cpp	Use invalid-socket checks and remove POSIX-only includes.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/http2_session.cpp	Platform pid + runtime shutdown exit conditions + improved write error reporting.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/ruby_rack_transport.hpp	Switch client fd to SocketHandle in APIs.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/ruby_rack_transport.cpp	Switch client fd to SocketHandle; use platform pid.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/ruby_execution_bridge.hpp	Switch client fd to SocketHandle for env construction.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/rack_request_executor.hpp	Switch client fd to SocketHandle across executor interfaces.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/rack_request_executor.cpp	Update start() signature to SocketHandle.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/native_input.cpp	Restructure read to keep Ruby longjmp out of C++-object lifetimes.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/rack/http2_stream.cpp	Use rb_funcallv to avoid variadic rb_funcall usage patterns.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/socket.hpp	New cross-platform socket API/types and helpers.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/process.hpp	New cross-platform process id/handle API/types.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/process.cpp	Implement process id helpers for Windows/POSIX.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/listener/listener_socket.hpp	Switch binding fd to SocketHandle.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/listener/listener_socket.cpp	Replace raw socket ops with platform wrappers + Windows runtime init/nonblocking.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/lifecycle/lifecycle_controller.hpp	Switch listener fd to SocketHandle and add dispatch-ready transition.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/lifecycle/lifecycle_controller.cpp	SocketHandle integration + dispatch-ready lifecycle hook.
gems/vajra/ext/vajra/extconf.rb	Windows toolchain gating, OpenSSL root wiring, source selection per platform, and Windows libs.
gems/vajra/bin/ctest	Prefer Ninja/OpenSSL root autodetect on Windows CI/dev.
docs/pages/14-support.md	New “Professional Support” docs page.
docs/pages/14-glossary.md	Remove glossary page from docs.
docs/pages/11-api-reference.md	Adjust nav ordering and reflow content.
docs/pages/05-guides/10-development.md	Add Windows dev baseline and guides hierarchy metadata.
docs/pages/05-guides/08-compatibility.md	Document Windows UCRT support and limitations.
docs/pages/05-guides/07-upgrading.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides/06-migration.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides/05-performance.md	Guides hierarchy + Windows measurement notes.
docs/pages/05-guides/04-security.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides/03-production.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides/02-rack-compatibility.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides/01-observability.md	Guides hierarchy + reflow.
docs/pages/05-guides.md	New Guides index page for docs navigation.
docs/pages/05-frameworks.md	Reflow framework guidance.
docs/pages/04-command-reference.md	Reflow command reference content.
docs/pages/04-architecture/06-shutdown-drain.md	Add Windows-specific shutdown/drain notes.
docs/pages/04-architecture/05-rack-hijack.md	Reflow rack hijack architecture doc.
docs/pages/04-architecture/05-http2-stream-tunnels.md	Reflow stream tunnels doc.
docs/pages/04-architecture/04-protocols.md	Reflow protocols doc.
docs/pages/04-architecture/03-native-input.md	Reflow native input doc.
docs/pages/04-architecture/03-failure-modes.md	Add Windows-specific failure modes and code signposts.
docs/pages/04-architecture/02-runtime-model.md	Document Windows runtime backend parity model.
docs/pages/04-architecture/01-request-path.md	Update request path for socket handoff and Windows polling.
docs/pages/04-architecture.md	Add Windows architecture overview and update signposts.
docs/pages/03-configuration.md	Reflow configuration docs.
docs/pages/02-installation.md	Document Windows UCRT requirement and source-gem install behavior.
docs/index.md	Update docs entrypoint to point to Guides/Support and remove Glossary.
CONTRIBUTING.md	Reflow contributing guidance.
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md	Reflow code of conduct text.
.github/pull_request_template.md	Reflow PR template guidance text.
.github/instructions/vajra.instructions.md	Reflow repository instructions.
.github/instructions/vajra-rbs.instructions.md	Reflow RBS instructions.
.github/copilot-instructions.md	Reflow Copilot instruction text.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 114 out of 118 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (1)

gems/vajra/ext/vajra/extconf.rb:31

• windows_mingw currently matches cygwin, which makes Cygwin builds go down the Windows/Mingw path (e.g., linking ws2_32/psapi and selecting the Windows runtime sources). Since Cygwin Ruby is not otherwise supported/documented, this is likely to break builds on host_os=cygwin*. Consider explicitly rejecting Cygwin and restricting the Windows path check to mingw.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 114 out of 118 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (3)

gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/process_helpers.rb:116

• Socket#setsockopt expects an Integer or packed String value for the option payload; passing true will raise a TypeError on Ruby (and would prevent the Windows port-binding helper from working). Use 1 (or 0) for the boolean socket option value.
  gems/vajra/lib/vajra.rb:111
• Vajra::NativeExtension now defines several additional public module functions (package_platform, ensure_supported_windows_abi!, packaged_native_root, validate_abi!, etc.), but gems/vajra/sig/vajra.rbs still only declares load!. This makes the RBS inaccurate and can break type validation. Either add the missing signatures in sig/vajra.rbs or explicitly make the helper methods private so the public surface remains stable.
  gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/startup_helpers.rb:131
• In the generated Windows rebound-listener script, Socket#setsockopt is called with true. Ruby expects an Integer or packed String for the option payload; true will raise a TypeError and make the readiness check fail on Windows. Pass 1 instead.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 115 out of 119 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 115 out of 119 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

gems/vajra/lib/vajra.rb:39

• On Windows, ensure_supported_windows_abi! currently accepts any MinGW Ruby (RUBY_PLATFORM.include?('mingw')), including non-UCRT builds (e.g., x64-mingw32). That contradicts the documented support surface in this PR (UCRT-only) and can lead to hard-to-diagnose native ABI/load failures later.
  gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/socket.cpp:247
• openssl_socket_descriptor unconditionally casts SocketHandle to int. On Windows SOCKET is pointer-sized; a handle value that exceeds INT_MAX would silently truncate and can become negative. Even if Windows currently avoids SSL_set_fd, this helper should be safe/defensive because it’s used in tests and is a public platform utility.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 120 out of 124 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/process_helpers.rb:10

• WINDOWS_SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE is hard-coded to -5. That magic value is easy to get wrong across Ruby/Winsock versions and obscures intent; prefer using Ruby’s Socket::SO_EXCLUSIVEADDRUSE when available (with a fallback only if the constant is missing).
  gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/socket.cpp:247
• On Windows, SOCKET is pointer-sized and may exceed INT_MAX. openssl_socket_descriptor currently casts SocketHandle to int without a range check, which can truncate and yield an invalid descriptor if this helper is ever called with a large handle.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 121 out of 125 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

gems/vajra/ext/vajra/request/http2_session.cpp:1187

• connection_.write() can fail with TLS connections after TlsConnection sets errno (and may not update WSAGetLastError). Using only platform::socket_last_error() risks misclassifying the error (e.g., stale/zero WSA error), skipping retries, and emitting misleading diagnostics. Consider checking both WSAGetLastError and errno, and include both in the exception message so Windows + TLS failures are actionable.
  gems/vajra/ext/vajra/platform/socket.cpp:247
• On Windows, SOCKET is pointer-sized and not guaranteed to fit in an int. openssl_socket_descriptor() currently truncates via static_cast<int>(socket), which can mis-route I/O if the handle exceeds INT_MAX. This should reject oversized handles explicitly before handing them to OpenSSL/BIO APIs that take int.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 122 out of 126 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

gems/vajra/lib/vajra/internal/rack_execution.rb:45

• Minor typo in the new comment: “Its at-exit cleanup” should be “It's at-exit cleanup”.
  .github/pull_request_template.md:9
• The PR template examples were collapsed into a single line, which makes the guidance harder to scan and copy/paste correctly. Consider restoring the examples as a small bulleted list (and keep the HTML comment wrapper intact).

Supported title prefixes: feat:, bugfix:, docs:, release:, chore:, refactor:, test:, style:, ci:, perf:, build:

For example: feat: Add a new feature to the project bugfix: Fix bug in the project docs: Update documentation ci: Update GitHub Actions workflow build: Update package build configuration

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 122 out of 126 changed files in this pull request and generated no new comments.

Comments suppressed due to low confidence (2)

gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/startup_helpers.rb:131

• Socket#setsockopt expects the option value to be an Integer or a packed String; passing true can raise TypeError on Ruby. Use 1 (or 0) for boolean socket options so the embedded script is portable on Windows.
  gems/vajra/spec/e2e/vajra/support/process_helpers.rb:115
• Socket#setsockopt expects the option value to be an Integer or a packed String; passing true can raise TypeError on Ruby. Use 1 (or 0) for boolean socket options.