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4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions source/legislation/ch_legislation.ptx
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<p>
Trans Legislation Tracker. n.d. <q>Trans Legislation Tracker: 2022 Anti-Transgender Bills.</q> <url href="https://translegislation.com/bills/2022">https://translegislation.com/bills/2022</url>.
</p>

<p>
Trans Legislation Tracker. n.d. <q>Trans Legislation Tracker: 2025 Anti-Transgender Bills.</q> <url href="https://translegislation.com/#">https://translegislation.com/#</url>.
</p>
</references>

</chapter>
2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion source/legislation/sec_leg-case-study.ptx
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</p>

<p>
An example of an anti-trans bill that was struck down after legal action and scrutiny is Tennessee’s SB-0001 from 2023. The legislators who supported the bill sought to restrict minors in Tennessee from accessing gender-affirming care. A word-chart of the bill is shown below. Much of the language that lawmakers used surrounded terms like "minors", "performed", and "medical procedure(s)" in reference to gender-affirming care for trans youth. The term "violation" was used to frame this care in opposition to the laws proposed in the bill.
An example of an anti-trans bill that was struck down after legal action and scrutiny is Tennessee’s SB-0001 from 2023. The legislators who supported the bill sought to restrict minors in Tennessee from accessing gender-affirming care. A word-chart of the bill is shown below. Much of the language that lawmakers used surrounded terms like "minors", "performed", and "medical procedure(s)" in reference to gender-affirming care for transgender youth. The term "violation" was used to frame this care in opposition to the laws proposed in the bill.
</p>

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8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions source/legislation/sec_leg-understanding.ptx
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<p>
In this section, I will...
<ul >
<li> Define key terms relating to trans legislation. </li>
<li> Define key terms relating to transgender legislation. </li>
<li> Understand past and current contexts regarding anti-trans legislation and their impact on people’s lives. </li>
<li> Be prepared to apply this understanding to mathematical and data analysis. </li>
</ul>
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<exercises xml:id="exercises-anti-trans">
<title>Anti-Trans Bills in the U.S. Starting 2018</title>
<p>
Americans who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or many other identities under the queer and trans umbrella (LGBTQ+ folks for short) have long been targeted by conservative groups in the United States. Nonetheless, the mid-2010s seemed to be a time of increasing acceptance of LGBTQ+ identities; the Time magazine article “The Transgender Tipping Point” quoted actress Laverne Cox as saying, “We are in a place now where more and more trans people want to come forward and say, ‘This is who I am’” <url href = "https://time.com/135480/transgender-tipping-point/"> (Katy Steinmetz 2014). </url>
Americans who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or many other identities under the queer and transgender umbrella (LGBTQ+ folks for short) have long been targeted by conservative groups in the United States. Nonetheless, the mid-2010s seemed to be a time of increasing acceptance of LGBTQ+ identities; the Time magazine article “The Transgender Tipping Point” quoted actress Laverne Cox as saying, “We are in a place now where more and more trans people want to come forward and say, ‘This is who I am’” <url href = "https://time.com/135480/transgender-tipping-point/"> (Katy Steinmetz 2014). </url>
</p>
<p>
However, after the 2015 Supreme Court ruling in <url href ="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges"> Obergefell v. Hodges</url> legalizing same-sex marriage, conservative groups have sought to target LGBTQ+ people through “religious freedom” laws allowing for discrimination against same-sex couples, and more recently, transgender people of all ages. Despite the recent legislative and political attacks on these groups, relatively few academic studies have been conducted on the impact of the surge of anti-trans legislation since 2019.
</p>
<exercisegroup>
<introduction>
<p>
The following questions are about bills prohibiting various types of transition and healthcare for trans and nonbinary people in the U.S., primarily proposed and passed beginning in 2018.
The following questions are about bills prohibiting various types of transition and healthcare for transgender and nonbinary people in the U.S., primarily proposed and passed beginning in 2018.

Think about your personal definition, then do some research online, to find definitions of the following terms. Be sure to use reputable websites: most university/college sites (put "site:*.edu" at the end of your Google search), the leading professional organizations (American Medical Association, American Pediatric Association, American Psychological Association), the <url href="https://www.itspronouncedmetrosexual.com/genderbread-person/">Genderbread Person</url>, and (usually) the sources linked from Wikipedia are all options.

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</p>

<p>
We briefly describe how each aspect of gender-affirming healthcare is targeted by the categories of bills used in the data analysis in the next sections. Social transition is targeted through <c>youth athletics</c> bills preventing young people from competing on sports teams under their identified gender. <c>ID requirements</c> prevent the changing of the <q>sex</q> listed on birth certificates, driver&apos;s licenses, and other government IDs.<c>Public facilities</c> laws prevent all trans people from using restrooms and other gendered public facilities that match their gender identity. <c>Schools/education</c> laws vary but include laws banning teachers from using students&apos; correct pronouns at all or without parental permission, discussing queer and trans/nonbinary identities in the classroom, and displaying items such as pride flags supporting queer and trans identities, among others.
We briefly describe how each aspect of gender-affirming healthcare is targeted by the categories of bills used in the data analysis in the next sections. Social transition is targeted through <c>youth athletics</c> bills preventing young people from competing on sports teams under their identified gender. <c>ID requirements</c> prevent the changing of the <q>sex</q> listed on birth certificates, driver&apos;s licenses, and other government IDs.<c>Public facilities</c> laws prevent all transgender people from using restrooms and other gendered public facilities that match their gender identity. <c>Schools/education</c> laws vary but include laws banning teachers from using students&apos; correct pronouns at all or without parental permission, discussing queer and transgender/nonbinary identities in the classroom, and displaying items such as pride flags supporting queer and transgender identities, among others.
</p>

<p>
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions source/legislation/sec_leg-visualize.ptx
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<li> Interpret visualizations (i.e. bar charts) based on legislative data. </li>
</ul>
</introduction>
<p> A common claim in the news media, and a common feeling among trans and nonbinary folks, is that 2023 is by far the worst recent year for anti-trans legislation. How do we explore if 2023 was the year of anti-trans legislation? This question is vague - what does an answer to this question mean? How do we use this information in our advocacy? In order to conduct research, we need to drill down into more specific questions that can be answered empirically. This is an important story that needs to be documented to mitigate and eventually prevent future cases of hate. We are trying to understand broader patterns to better understand where our advocacy work may make a difference.
<p> A common claim in the news media, and a common feeling among transgender and nonbinary folks, is that 2023 is by far the worst recent year for anti-trans legislation. How do we explore if 2023 was the year of anti-trans legislation? This question is vague - what does an answer to this question mean? How do we use this information in our advocacy? In order to conduct research, we need to drill down into more specific questions that can be answered empirically. This is an important story that needs to be documented to mitigate and eventually prevent future cases of hate. We are trying to understand broader patterns to better understand where our advocacy work may make a difference.
</p>

<p> The targeting of the transgender community through legislation has been a significant topic in the news in 2023. We could compare the volume of news stories related to anti-trans legislation in 2023 to the volume in previous years. However, does this approach measure what we are looking for? Perhaps the same story is being repeated multiple times? </p>
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</remark>

<p>
Our previous visualizations showed that 2023 did have a significant increase in the number of anti-trans bills that were both introduced and passed. In addition to the <em>absolute</em> frequency counts of bills that have passed, we might also be interested in the <em>relative</em> proportion of bills that have been passed–that is, are legislators who are targeting trans people becoming more successful in their efforts?
Our previous visualizations showed that 2023 did have a significant increase in the number of anti-trans bills that were both introduced and passed. In addition to the <em>absolute</em> frequency counts of bills that have passed, we might also be interested in the <em>relative</em> proportion of bills that have been passed–that is, are legislators who are targeting transgender people becoming more successful in their efforts?
</p>

<p>
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