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NSCBC 1/7: characteristic ghost-cell boundary conditions, 1-D-normal LODI limit - #1058

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NSCBC 1/7: characteristic ghost-cell boundary conditions, 1-D-normal LODI limit#1058
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Part 1 of the NSCBC stack tracked in #1057. Merges first; every later part is stacked on this one.

The base characteristic treatment as a ghost-cell fill: one wave
decomposition in an outward-normal frame, two boundary types. Outgoing
invariants extrapolate from the interior on a minmod-limited slope; the
incoming acoustic is modelled as a Poinsot-Lele relaxation written as a
gradient increment (a mesh-independent rate, so literature coefficients
transfer), sigma at outflows, relax_u/relax_t at inflows, with a
stateless feed-forward slot (Target::dudt) for problems that inject
signals. Supersonic faces are exact. Flow reversal at an outflow runs
the same closure with the material slopes upwinded off across a narrow
Mach band -- one code path on both sides of u_out = 0.

The fill is a pure function of pre-launch interior data: idempotent,
order-independent, bit-reproducible across restarts and decompositions,
GPU-resident (POD captures, counted fallbacks instead of device
aborts). Every fallback increments a counter and the counters report by
default -- a silent fallback is indistinguishable from a healthy
boundary. Problems opt in per boundary POINT through a
bcnormal_nscbc() hook returning a Target; a face may mix inflow,
outflow and wall. EB requires eb_zero_body_state (fatal otherwise, the
fill detects covered cells by non-positive density); an AMR fine face
touching a characteristic boundary warns.

This PR is the 1-D-normal LODI limit on purpose: transverse terms and
the reacting-boundary closures arrive as the next two PRs in this
stack, each an additive, default-off correction to the modelled
incoming wave (some comments here forward-reference them). Verification
driver and regression cases follow in the stack; headline number from
the case PR: an acoustic pulse leaves through this boundary with 0.8%
reflection against 97% for a hard-pressure fill.

Also removes the dead nscbc_adv/nscbc_diff keys of the deleted Fortran
implementation (aborting, not ignoring, when an inputs file still sets
them) and retires the 1 K default for eb_boundary_T in favour of 300 K.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

https://claude.ai/code/session_01XU8M23nucKsu1do2WxXFeq

…LODI limit

The base characteristic treatment as a ghost-cell fill: one wave
decomposition in an outward-normal frame, two boundary types.  Outgoing
invariants extrapolate from the interior on a minmod-limited slope; the
incoming acoustic is modelled as a Poinsot-Lele relaxation written as a
gradient increment (a mesh-independent rate, so literature coefficients
transfer), sigma at outflows, relax_u/relax_t at inflows, with a
stateless feed-forward slot (Target::dudt) for problems that inject
signals.  Supersonic faces are exact.  Flow reversal at an outflow runs
the same closure with the material slopes upwinded off across a narrow
Mach band -- one code path on both sides of u_out = 0.

The fill is a pure function of pre-launch interior data: idempotent,
order-independent, bit-reproducible across restarts and decompositions,
GPU-resident (POD captures, counted fallbacks instead of device
aborts).  Every fallback increments a counter and the counters report by
default -- a silent fallback is indistinguishable from a healthy
boundary.  Problems opt in per boundary POINT through a
bcnormal_nscbc() hook returning a Target; a face may mix inflow,
outflow and wall.  EB requires eb_zero_body_state (fatal otherwise, the
fill detects covered cells by non-positive density); an AMR fine face
touching a characteristic boundary warns.

This PR is the 1-D-normal LODI limit on purpose: transverse terms and
the reacting-boundary closures arrive as the next two PRs in this
stack, each an additive, default-off correction to the modelled
incoming wave (some comments here forward-reference them).  Verification
driver and regression cases follow in the stack; headline number from
the case PR: an acoustic pulse leaves through this boundary with 0.8%
reflection against 97% for a hard-pressure fill.

Also removes the dead nscbc_adv/nscbc_diff keys of the deleted Fortran
implementation (aborting, not ignoring, when an inputs file still sets
them) and retires the 1 K default for eb_boundary_T in favour of 300 K.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01XU8M23nucKsu1do2WxXFeq
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