Merging recent dev changes to master

Makefile

@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 SHELL := /bin/bash
-BOOTSTRAP_SRC = src/scanner.lv src/parser.lv src/checker.lv src/codegen.lv src/main.lv
+BOOTSTRAP_SRC = src/scanner.lv src/ast.lv src/type_utils.lv src/parser.lv src/checker.lv src/codegen.lv src/main.lv
 LATEST_STAGE = stages/stage-latest.cpp
 
+# Windows (MSYS2) needs ws2_32 for Winsock
+ifdef MSYSTEM
+LDFLAGS += -lws2_32
+endif
+
 # ── Bootstrap from saved stage ───────────────────────────────
 
 bootstrap: $(BOOTSTRAP_SRC)
 	@echo "Bootstrapping from $(LATEST_STAGE)"
 	cp runtime/lavina.h /tmp/lavina.h
 	rm -rf /tmp/liblavina && cp -r runtime/liblavina /tmp/liblavina
-	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_prev $(LATEST_STAGE)
+	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_prev $(LATEST_STAGE) $(LDFLAGS)
 	/tmp/lavina_prev --emit-cpp src/main.lv > /tmp/lavina_next.cpp
-	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_next /tmp/lavina_next.cpp
+	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_next /tmp/lavina_next.cpp $(LDFLAGS)
 	/tmp/lavina_next --emit-cpp src/main.lv > /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp
 	@diff -q /tmp/lavina_next.cpp /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp && echo "Fixed point OK" || (echo "MISMATCH" && exit 1)
 	@echo "Bootstrap successful."
@@ -31,15 +36,15 @@ evolve: $(BOOTSTRAP_SRC)
 	@echo "Bootstrapping from $(LATEST_STAGE)"
 	cp runtime/lavina.h /tmp/lavina.h
 	rm -rf /tmp/liblavina && cp -r runtime/liblavina /tmp/liblavina
-	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_prev $(LATEST_STAGE)
+	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_prev $(LATEST_STAGE) $(LDFLAGS)
 	/tmp/lavina_prev --emit-cpp src/main.lv > /tmp/lavina_next.cpp
-	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_next /tmp/lavina_next.cpp
+	g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_next /tmp/lavina_next.cpp $(LDFLAGS)
 	/tmp/lavina_next --emit-cpp src/main.lv > /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp
 	@if diff -q /tmp/lavina_next.cpp /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp > /dev/null 2>&1; then \
 		echo "Fixed point OK — no evolution needed (use 'make bootstrap')."; \
 	else \
 		echo "Codegen changed — verifying new output is a fixed point..."; \
-		g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_verify /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp; \
+		g++ -std=c++23 -I/tmp -o /tmp/lavina_verify /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp $(LDFLAGS); \
 		/tmp/lavina_verify --emit-cpp src/main.lv > /tmp/lavina_verify2.cpp; \
 		if diff -q /tmp/lavina_verify.cpp /tmp/lavina_verify2.cpp > /dev/null 2>&1; then \
 			echo "New fixed point OK."; \
@@ -56,7 +61,7 @@ evolve: $(BOOTSTRAP_SRC)
 
 # ── Run test suite ───────────────────────────────────────────
 
-SKIP_WINDOWS_TESTS = test_std_fs test_std_os test_stdlib
+SKIP_WINDOWS_TESTS = test_std_fs test_std_os test_std_net test_std_thread test_stdlib
 
 test:
 	@if [ ! -f /tmp/lavina_next ]; then echo "Run 'make bootstrap' first"; exit 1; fi
@@ -77,17 +82,33 @@ test:
 				continue; \
 			fi; \
 		fi; \
-		/tmp/lavina_next compile $$f 2>/dev/null && \
-		$$dir/$$name 2>/dev/null; \
-		if [ $$? -eq 0 ]; then \
-			echo "  PASS  $$name"; \
-			passed=$$((passed + 1)); \
-		else \
-			echo "  FAIL  $$name"; \
-			failed=$$((failed + 1)); \
-			errors="$$errors $$name"; \
-		fi; \
-		rm -f $$dir/$$name $$dir/$$name.cpp; \
+		case "$$name" in \
+		test_fail_*) \
+			/tmp/lavina_next compile $$f 2>/dev/null; \
+			if [ $$? -ne 0 ]; then \
+				echo "  PASS  $$name  (expected compile failure)"; \
+				passed=$$((passed + 1)); \
+			else \
+				echo "  FAIL  $$name  (should not compile)"; \
+				failed=$$((failed + 1)); \
+				errors="$$errors $$name"; \
+				rm -f $$dir/$$name $$dir/$$name.cpp; \
+			fi \
+			;; \
+		*) \
+			/tmp/lavina_next compile $$f 2>/dev/null && \
+			$$dir/$$name 2>/dev/null; \
+			if [ $$? -eq 0 ]; then \
+				echo "  PASS  $$name"; \
+				passed=$$((passed + 1)); \
+			else \
+				echo "  FAIL  $$name"; \
+				failed=$$((failed + 1)); \
+				errors="$$errors $$name"; \
+			fi; \
+			rm -f $$dir/$$name $$dir/$$name.cpp; \
+			;; \
+		esac; \
 	done; \
 	echo ""; \
 	if [ $$skipped -gt 0 ]; then \
@@ -104,7 +125,7 @@ build:
 	@mkdir -p build
 	cp runtime/lavina.h /tmp/lavina.h
 	rm -rf /tmp/liblavina && cp -r runtime/liblavina /tmp/liblavina
-	g++ -std=c++23 -O2 -I/tmp -o build/lavina $(LATEST_STAGE)
+	g++ -std=c++23 -O2 -I/tmp -o build/lavina $(LATEST_STAGE) $(LDFLAGS)
 	@echo "Built build/lavina"
 
 # ── Build lvpkg package manager ──────────────────────────────
@@ -115,7 +136,7 @@ lvpkg:
 	cp runtime/lavina.h /tmp/lavina.h
 	rm -rf /tmp/liblavina && cp -r runtime/liblavina /tmp/liblavina
 	/tmp/lavina_next --emit-cpp lvpkg/lvpkg.lv > /tmp/lvpkg.cpp
-	g++ -std=c++23 -O2 -I/tmp -o build/lvpkg /tmp/lvpkg.cpp
+	g++ -std=c++23 -O2 -I/tmp -o build/lvpkg /tmp/lvpkg.cpp $(LDFLAGS)
 	@echo "Built build/lvpkg"
 
 # ── Install ──────────────────────────────────────────────────

README.md

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ sudo cp -r lib/* /usr/local/lib/
 git clone https://github.com/Raumberg/lavina.git
 cd lavina
 make bootstrap    # compile compiler from saved C++ snapshot
-make test         # run the test suite (27 tests)
+make test         # run the test suite (37 tests)
 make build        # optimized binary → build/
 make install      # install to /usr/local/ (or: make install PREFIX=~/.local)
 ```
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ Lavina ships with a standard library:
 import std::fs
 import std::os
 import std::math
+import std::collections
 
 void fn main():
     // File I/O
@@ -126,6 +127,11 @@ void fn main():
     // Math
     print("pi = ${math::PI}")
     print("sqrt(2) = ${math::sqrt(2.0)}")
+
+    // Collections — dot-notation via extend
+    vector[int] nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+    auto doubled = nums.map((int x) => x * 2)
+    auto evens = nums.filter((int x) => x % 2 == 0)
 ```
 
 ## Features
@@ -135,6 +141,7 @@ void fn main():
 - **Generics** — `[T, U]` on functions, structs, and enums
 - **Enums / sum types** with named fields and pattern matching
 - **Enum methods** — methods defined inside enum bodies
+- **Extension methods** — `extend vector:` adds dot-notation methods to built-in types
 - **Operator overloading** — `Type operator + (params):`
 - **References and ownership** — `ref`, `ref!`, `own`
 - **Block lambdas** — `(params):` with indented body

editors/nvim/syntax/lavina.vim

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ syn region lavinaInterp start='\${' end='}' contained contains=TOP
 
 " Numbers
 syn match lavinaFloat "\<\d\+\.\d\+\>"
+syn match lavinaHex "\<0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]\+\>"
 syn match lavinaInt "\<\d\+\>"
 
 " Control flow
@@ -27,10 +28,10 @@ syn keyword lavinaLogical and or not
 syn keyword lavinaKeyword fn constructor public private static inline const let comptime namespace ref own cpp extern link type operator
 
 " Storage
-syn keyword lavinaStorage class struct enum
+syn keyword lavinaStorage class struct enum extend
 
 " Types
-syn keyword lavinaType int float string bool void auto dynamic vector hashmap hashset null int8 int16 int32 int64 float32 float64 usize cstring ptr
+syn keyword lavinaType int float string bool void auto dynamic vector hashmap hashset bytes null int8 int16 int32 int64 float32 float64 usize cstring ptr
 
 " Constants
 syn keyword lavinaConstant true false null
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ syn keyword lavinaThis this
 " Functions (name after fn)
 syn match lavinaFuncDef "\<fn\s\+\zs\w\+"
 " Class/struct/enum name in definitions
-syn match lavinaTypeDef "\<\(class\|struct\|enum\)\s\+\zs\w\+"
+syn match lavinaTypeDef "\<\(class\|struct\|enum\|extend\)\s\+\zs\w\+"
 " User types: PascalCase identifiers (starts with uppercase)
 syn match lavinaUserType "\<[A-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\>"
 
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ hi def link lavinaString String
 hi def link lavinaEscape SpecialChar
 hi def link lavinaInterp Special
 hi def link lavinaFloat Float
+hi def link lavinaHex Number
 hi def link lavinaInt Number
 hi def link lavinaControl Conditional
 hi def link lavinaImport Include

editors/vscode/syntaxes/lavina.tmLanguage.json

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@
           "name": "constant.numeric.float.lavina",
           "match": "\\b\\d+\\.\\d+\\b"
         },
+        {
+          "name": "constant.numeric.hex.lavina",
+          "match": "\\b0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+\\b"
+        },
         {
           "name": "constant.numeric.integer.lavina",
           "match": "\\b\\d+\\b"
@@ -74,11 +78,11 @@
       ]
     },
     "storage": {
-      "match": "\\b(class|struct|enum)\\b",
+      "match": "\\b(class|struct|enum|extend)\\b",
       "name": "storage.type.lavina"
     },
     "types": {
-      "match": "\\b(int|float|string|bool|void|auto|dynamic|vector|hashmap|hashset|null|int8|int16|int32|int64|float32|float64|usize|cstring|ptr)\\b",
+      "match": "\\b(int|float|string|bool|void|auto|dynamic|vector|hashmap|hashset|bytes|null|int8|int16|int32|int64|float32|float64|usize|cstring|ptr)\\b",
       "name": "support.type.lavina"
     },
     "constants": {
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@
       ]
     },
     "classes": {
-      "match": "\\b(class|struct)\\s+([A-Z]\\w*)",
+      "match": "\\b(class|struct|extend)\\s+([A-Za-z]\\w*)",
       "captures": {
         "1": { "name": "storage.type.lavina" },
         "2": { "name": "entity.name.type.class.lavina" }

examples/complex/lvg/lvg.lv

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 // lvg — lavina grep (colorized)
 // Usage: lvg <pattern> [path] [--ext .lv] [-i] [-c]
 
+import std::os
+import std::fs
+
 int match_count = 0
 int file_count = 0
 
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ string fn highlight(string line, string pattern):
 string last_file = ""
 
 void fn search_file(string path, string pattern):
-    auto lines = __fs_read_lines(path)
+    auto lines = fs::read_lines(path)
     int local_count = 0
 
     int line_num = 1
@@ -100,24 +103,24 @@ void fn search_file(string path, string pattern):
 
                 string colored_line = highlight(line, pattern)
                 if flag_line_numbers:
-                    print("  ${C_LINE}${__int_to_str(line_num)}${C_DIM}:${C_RESET} ${colored_line}")
+                    print("  ${C_LINE}${to_string(line_num)}${C_DIM}:${C_RESET} ${colored_line}")
                 else:
                     print("  ${colored_line}")
         line_num += 1
 
     if local_count > 0:
         file_count += 1
         if flag_count_only:
-            print("${C_FILE}${path}${C_DIM}:${C_RESET} ${C_BOLD}${__int_to_str(local_count)}${C_RESET} matches")
+            print("${C_FILE}${path}${C_DIM}:${C_RESET} ${C_BOLD}${to_string(local_count)}${C_RESET} matches")
 
 void fn search_dir(string path, string pattern):
-    auto entries = __fs_listdir(path)
+    auto entries = fs::list_dir(path)
     for ref name in entries:
         if name.substring(0, 1) == ".":
             continue
 
         string full = "${path}/${name}"
-        if __fs_is_dir(full):
+        if fs::is_dir(full):
             search_dir(full, pattern)
         else:
             if is_binary_ext(name):
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ void fn search_dir(string path, string pattern):
 void fn main():
     init_colors()
 
-    auto args = __os_args()
+    auto args = os::args()
     if args.len() < 2:
         print("Usage: lvg <pattern> [path] [--ext .lv] [-i] [-c]")
         exit(1)
@@ -156,10 +159,10 @@ void fn main():
             path = args[i]
             i += 1
 
-    if __fs_is_dir(path):
+    if fs::is_dir(path):
         search_dir(path, pattern)
     else:
         search_file(path, pattern)
 
     print("")
-    print("${C_SUMMARY}${__int_to_str(match_count)} matches${C_RESET} in ${C_SUMMARY}${__int_to_str(file_count)} files${C_RESET}")
+    print("${C_SUMMARY}${to_string(match_count)} matches${C_RESET} in ${C_SUMMARY}${to_string(file_count)} files${C_RESET}")

examples/complex/tree/tree.lv

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 // tree — recursive directory listing utility
 // Usage: tree [path]
 
+import std::os
+import std::fs
+
 int dir_count = 0
 int file_count = 0
 
-void fn print_tree(string path, string prefix):
-    auto entries = __fs_listdir(path)
+void fn print_tree(string path, string prefix = ""):
+    auto entries = fs::list_dir(path)
 
     int i = 0
     int total = entries.len()
@@ -23,10 +26,10 @@ void fn print_tree(string path, string prefix):
             child_prefix = "    "
 
         string full_path = "${path}/${name}"
-        if __fs_is_dir(full_path):
+        if fs::is_dir(full_path):
             print("${prefix}${connector}${name}/")
             dir_count += 1
-            print_tree(full_path, "${prefix}${child_prefix}")
+            print_tree(full_path, prefix = "${prefix}${child_prefix}")
         else:
             print("${prefix}${connector}${name}")
             file_count += 1
@@ -35,11 +38,11 @@ void fn print_tree(string path, string prefix):
 
 void fn main():
     string root = "."
-    auto args = __os_args()
+    auto args = os::args()
     if args.len() > 1:
         root = args[1]
 
     print(root)
-    print_tree(root, "")
+    print_tree(root)
     print("")
-    print("${__int_to_str(dir_count)} directories, ${__int_to_str(file_count)} files")
+    print("${dir_count as string} directories, ${file_count as string} files")