blackoutsecure/readsb

Unofficial community image for readsb, built with LinuxServer.io style container patterns (s6, hardened defaults, practical runtime options) for RTL-SDR ADS-B workloads. Sponsored and maintained by Blackout Secure.

Important

This repository is not an official LinuxServer.io image release. Want to help make it an officially supported LinuxServer.io Community image? Add your support in linuxserver/discussions/108.

Links: Docker Hub · Balena block · GitHub · Upstream readsb

Quick Start

5-minute RTL-SDR receiver setup:

docker run -d \
  --name=readsb \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  -e TZ=Etc/UTC \
  -e READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr \
  -p 30001:30001 \
  -p 30002:30002 \
  -p 30003:30003 \
  -p 30004:30004 \
  -p 30005:30005 \
  -p 30104:30104 \
  -v readsb-config:/config \
  -v readsb-json:/run/readsb \
  --device=/dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb \
  --security-opt no-new-privileges:true \
  blackoutsecure/readsb:latest

Access live JSON output: docker exec readsb cat /run/readsb/aircraft.json | jq .

For compose files, balena, network-only mode, and more examples, see Usage below.

Image Availability

Docker Hub (Recommended):

All images published to Docker Hub
Simple pull command: docker pull blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
Multi-arch support: amd64, arm64
No registry prefix needed (defaults to Docker Hub)

# Pull latest
docker pull blackoutsecure/readsb

# Pull specific version
docker pull blackoutsecure/readsb:1.2.3

# Pull architecture-specific (rarely needed)
docker pull blackoutsecure/readsb:latest@amd64

About The readsb Application

readsb is an ADS-B decoder often described upstream as an "ADS-B decoder swiss knife".

It is a detached fork lineage used by many ADS-B receivers and related tooling, with network outputs, JSON/API features, and broad SDR support used for local receivers and large-scale feed/aggregation workflows.

Author and maintenance credits (upstream):

Primary upstream maintainer: wiedehopf (Matthias Wirth)
Upstream credits/history lineage: antirez (original dump1090), Malcom Robb, mutability (dump1090-mutability / dump1090-fa), Mictronics (readsb fork), and wiedehopf (current fork)
Upstream repository and documentation: wiedehopf/readsb

Supported Architectures

This image is published as a multi-arch manifest. Pulling blackoutsecure/readsb:latest retrieves the correct image for your host architecture.

The architectures supported by this image are:

Architecture	Tag
x86-64	amd64-latest
arm64	arm64v8-latest

Usage

docker-compose (recommended, click here for more info)

---
services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
      - READSB_NET_BI_PORT=30004,30104  # Beast input ports
      - READSB_NET_BO_PORT=30005        # Beast output port
      # - READSB_BIASTEE=true          # enable for powered LNAs (e.g. SAWbird+)
      - LOG_LEVEL=info                 # debug | info | warn | error | fatal
    volumes:
      - /path/to/readsb/config:/config
      - /path/to/readsb/json:/run/readsb
    ports:
      - 30001:30001  # Raw protocol (TCP)
      - 30002:30002  # Raw protocol input (TCP)
      - 30003:30003  # SBS protocol (TCP)
      - 30004:30004  # Beast input (TCP)
      - 30005:30005  # Beast output (TCP)
      - 30104:30104  # Beast input (TCP)
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp
      - /run:exec
    restart: unless-stopped

docker-compose with RTL-SDR over network (e.g., from a remote receiver)

---
services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=--lon <longitude> --lat <latitude>
    volumes:
      - /path/to/readsb/config:/config
      - /path/to/readsb/json:/run/readsb
    ports:
      - 30001:30001
      - 30002:30002
      - 30003:30003
      - 30004:30004
      - 30005:30005
      - 30104:30104
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp
      - /run:exec
    restart: unless-stopped

docker-compose with dump978 sidecar (dual 1090/978 MHz, US only)

---
services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
      # - READSB_BIASTEE=true          # enable for powered LNAs (e.g. SAWbird+)
      - FEED_UAT_INPUT=dump978:30978
      # - READSB_DEVICE=00001090  # pin 1090 dongle by serial
    volumes:
      - readsb-config:/config
      - readsb-json:/run/readsb
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    ports:
      - 30001:30001
      - 30002:30002
      - 30003:30003
      - 30004:30004
      - 30005:30005
      - 30104:30104
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp
      - /run:exec
    restart: unless-stopped
    depends_on:
      - dump978

  dump978:
    image: blackoutsecure/dump978:latest
    container_name: dump978
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - DUMP978_SDR=driver=rtlsdr,serial=00000978
      - DUMP978_PROFILE=adsbexchange
    volumes:
      - dump978-config:/config
      - dump978-run:/run/dump978-fa
    ports:
      - 8978:8978
      - 30978:30978
      - 30979:30979
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp
      - /run:exec
    restart: unless-stopped

volumes:
  readsb-config:
  readsb-json:
  dump978-config:
  dump978-run:

Note: UAT 978 MHz is US-only (below 18,000 ft). Tag your dongles with rtl_eeprom -d 0 -s 00001090 and rtl_eeprom -d 1 -s 00000978. See blackoutsecure/docker-dump978 for full dump978 documentation.

docker-cli (click here for more info)

docker run -d \
  --name=readsb \
  -e TZ=Etc/UTC \
  -e READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr \
  -p 30001:30001 \
  -p 30002:30002 \
  -p 30003:30003 \
  -p 30004:30004 \
  -p 30005:30005 \
  -p 30104:30104 \
  -v /path/to/readsb/config:/config \
  -v /path/to/readsb/json:/run/readsb \
  --device=/dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb \
  --security-opt no-new-privileges:true \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  blackoutsecure/readsb:latest

Balena Deployment

This image can be deployed to Balena-powered IoT devices using the included docker-compose.yml file (which contains the required Balena labels):

Balena block listing: https://hub.balena.io/blocks/2351129/readsb

balena push <your-app-slug>

For deployment via the web interface, use the deploy button in this repository. See Balena documentation for details.

Parameters

Ports

Parameter	Function
`-p 30001:30001`	Raw protocol output (TCP)
`-p 30002:30002`	Raw protocol input (TCP)
`-p 30003:30003`	SBS protocol compatible output (TCP)
`-p 30004:30004`	Beast protocol input (TCP)
`-p 30005:30005`	Beast protocol output (TCP)
`-p 30104:30104`	Beast protocol input (TCP)

Environment Variables

Parameter	Function	Required
`-e TZ=Etc/UTC`	Timezone (TZ database)	Optional
`-e READSB_NET=true`	Enable TCP networking (Beast, raw, SBS listeners). Default: `true`. Set to `false` for decode-only mode.	Optional
`-e READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr`	SDR device type (`rtlsdr`, `modesbeast`, etc.). Leave empty for network-only mode. Maps to `--device-type`.	Optional
`-e READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=`	Additional readsb arguments appended after all env-var-driven options (e.g. `--freq-correction 3`).	Optional
`-e READSB_USER=abc`	Runtime user (default: `abc`). USB permissions are fixed automatically during init.	Optional
`-e PUID=1000`	User ID for file ownership (LinuxServer.io base image standard)	Optional
`-e PGID=1000`	Group ID for file ownership (LinuxServer.io base image standard)	Optional
`-e READSB_NET_BI_PORT=`	Beast protocol input port(s), comma-separated (e.g. `30004,30104`). Maps to `--net-bi-port`.	Optional
`-e READSB_NET_BO_PORT=`	Beast protocol output port(s), comma-separated (e.g. `30005`). Maps to `--net-bo-port`.	Optional
`-e READSB_DEVICE=`	RTL-SDR device index or serial for 1090 MHz (overrides auto-detection)	Optional
`-e FEED_PROFILES=`	Comma-separated feed exchanges (e.g. `adsbexchange,adsb-fi`). Defaults to `adsbexchange` if unset.	Optional
`-e FEED_UUID_ADSBEXCHANGE=`	Per-profile UUID override. Use uppercase profile name with hyphens as underscores (e.g. `FEED_UUID_ADSB_FI`, `FEED_UUID_AIRPLANESLIVE`). Stored in `/config/feed-uuid-<profile>`.	Optional
`-e FEED_STATS_ENABLED=true`	Enable periodic console stats logging and ADSBx RSSI/stats upload. Console stats log aircraft count, positions, and message totals. ADSBx upload activates automatically when `adsbexchange` is in `FEED_PROFILES`, using the same UUID as the beast feed.	Optional
`-e STATS_LOG_INTERVAL=120`	Console stats logging interval in seconds (default: `120` = every 2 minutes)	Optional
`-e FEED_UAT_INPUT=`	UAT 978 MHz source as `host:port` (e.g. `dump978:30978`). Requires docker-dump978 sidecar. US only.	Optional
`-e FEED_LAT=`	Receiver latitude (e.g. `47.6062`). Fallback if `--lat` not in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.	Optional
`-e FEED_LON=`	Receiver longitude (e.g. `-122.3321`). Fallback if `--lon` not in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.	Optional
`-e READSB_AUTO_LOCATION=true`	Auto-detect latitude/longitude via IP geolocation when `FEED_LAT`/`FEED_LON` not set.	Optional
`-e READSB_AUTOGAIN=true`	Enable readsb built-in autogain (`--gain auto`). Default: `true`. Set to `false` to disable.	Optional
`-e READSB_GAIN=`	Set a fixed RTL-SDR gain value (e.g. `40.2`). Overrides `READSB_AUTOGAIN`.	Optional
`-e READSB_BIASTEE=false`	Enable bias-T DC voltage on the RTL-SDR coax to power active antennas/LNAs (default: `false`). Only enable if your antenna requires DC power.	Optional
`-e LOG_LEVEL=info`	Minimum log verbosity: `debug`, `info` (default), `warn`, `error`, `fatal`. Set to `debug` for verbose operational detail, or `warn` to suppress routine informational messages.	Optional

Storage Mounts

Parameter	Function	Required
`-v /config`	Configuration and persistent data	Recommended
`-v /run/readsb`	JSON output directory	Recommended

Devices

Parameter	Function	Required
`--device=/dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb`	RTL-SDR USB device access	Required (for RTL-SDR local RX)

Volume Details

The container uses two volumes for data persistence and output:

`/config` — Configuration & Persistence

Required: No (container runs without it, but state is lost on restart)
Purpose: Stores persistent data including aircraft database cache and application state
Contents:
- aircraft.csv.gz (aircraft identification database)
- Temporary caches and application state
- Any custom configuration files
Example: -v /path/to/readsb/config:/config or -v readsb-config:/config

`/run/readsb` — JSON Output

Required: No (but needed to access real-time ADS-B data)
Purpose: Real-time JSON protocol output consumed by other applications and visualization tools
Contents:
- aircraft.json (current aircraft with positions and altitudes)
- receiver.json (receiver stats and information)
- Other protocol outputs
Update frequency: Multiple times per second
Example: -v /path/to/readsb/json:/run/readsb or -v readsb-json:/run/readsb

Best Practices

For persistence: Always use named volumes or host paths for /config to preserve aircraft database between container restarts
For JSON access: Mount /run/readsb to a host path to query data from other containers or host processes
Alternative (tmpfs): Can use tmpfs mounts for temp directories, but JSON output will be lost when container stops

Volume Mount Examples

Named volumes (recommended for single-host deployments):

volumes:
  - config:/config
  - json:/run/readsb

Host paths (for direct file access):

volumes:
  - /var/lib/readsb/config:/config
  - /var/lib/readsb/json:/run/readsb

Accessing JSON data from host:

docker exec readsb cat /run/readsb/aircraft.json | jq '.aircraft | length'

Configuration

Environment variables are set using -e flags in docker run or the environment: section in docker-compose.

User / Group Identifiers

By default, this container runs as the LSIO abc user (non-root) for better security isolation. The abc user is created by the LinuxServer.io base image with UID/GID 911 and remapped at container start via PUID/PGID.

Non-root mode (default, recommended):

readsb runs as the abc user by default
RTL-SDR USB device permissions are automatically fixed during container init — no manual configuration needed
Set PUID and PGID only if you need file ownership to match a specific host user

Root mode (fallback):

Set READSB_USER=root if needed for other reasons
USB permissions are handled automatically regardless of user

Application Setup

The container runs readsb with network support and automatic RTL-SDR device detection by default.

Key Features

JSON Output: ADS-B data is output as JSON to /run/readsb/ and updated frequently
RTL-SDR Support: USB devices are auto-detected when passed to the container; permissions are fixed automatically
Aircraft Database: Includes tar1090 aircraft database for accurate identification
Automatic Gain: readsb's built-in autogain (--gain auto) is enabled by default (READSB_AUTOGAIN=true) — adjusts gain at the IQ sample level every ~0.5s, in-process without restarts. Set READSB_AUTOGAIN=false to disable.
Bias-T Power: Optional DC voltage on coax for active antennas with built-in LNAs (see Bias-T Power for Active Antennas)
Docker HEALTHCHECK: Built-in health monitoring — marks container unhealthy if aircraft.json stops updating
Periodic Stats: Logs aircraft count, positions, and message totals every 2 minutes (configurable via STATS_LOG_INTERVAL). When adsbexchange is in FEED_PROFILES, also uploads RSSI/stats data to ADSBx every 5 seconds using the same UUID as the beast feed. Per-upload confirmations are debug-level.
Log Verbosity: Set LOG_LEVEL to control log output: debug, info (default), warn, error, fatal
Feed Status URLs: Init logs include verification URLs for each active feed profile
RTL-SDR Tools: rtl_test, rtl_eeprom, and rtl_biast available inside the container for diagnostics, dongle tagging, and bias-T control

Extra Arguments (READSB_EXTRA_ARGS)

Most readsb settings have dedicated READSB_* env vars (READSB_NET, READSB_DEVICE_TYPE, READSB_GAIN, READSB_AUTOGAIN, READSB_BIASTEE, READSB_NET_BI_PORT, etc.). Use READSB_EXTRA_ARGS for anything not covered by a dedicated variable — these are appended to the end of the command line after all env-var-driven options.

Examples:

# Frequency correction
-e READSB_EXTRA_ARGS="--freq-correction 10"

# Location and range
-e READSB_EXTRA_ARGS="--lat 51.5 --lon -0.1 --max-range 350"

# See autogain decisions in the log
-e READSB_EXTRA_ARGS="--gain auto-verbose"

# Multiple extra options
-e READSB_EXTRA_ARGS="--freq-correction 3 --max-range 300 --ppm 2"

For all available readsb options, see the readsb documentation.

JSON Output Files

aircraft.json - Current aircraft data with positions, callsigns, and altitudes
receiver.json - Statistics and receiver information

Supported Modes

Read-only filesystem: Supported when JSON and temp directories are mounted to volumes or tmpfs
Non-root user: Supported by default — RTL-SDR USB permissions are fixed automatically during init

SDR Device Selection

The container auto-detects RTL-SDR dongles at startup and assigns the 1090 MHz device automatically using the community serial-number convention.

Auto-detection (default):

Single dongle: assumed to be 1090 MHz
Multiple dongles: serial containing 978 or uat is identified as UAT (informational); first non-UAT dongle is assigned as 1090

Manual override:

Set READSB_DEVICE to a device index or serial number:

environment:
  - READSB_DEVICE=0          # by device index
  - READSB_DEVICE=00001090   # by serial number

UAT 978 MHz (US only):

readsb only decodes 1090 MHz. For 978 MHz UAT, run blackoutsecure/docker-dump978 as a sidecar container and set FEED_UAT_INPUT=dump978:30978 to merge UAT aircraft into readsb's unified output. See the dump978 sidecar compose example above.

Tagging dongle serials:

rtl_eeprom -d 0 -s 00001090   # tag first dongle as 1090
rtl_eeprom -d 1 -s 00000978   # tag second dongle as UAT

Feed Profiles

FEED_PROFILES controls data forwarding to ADS-B data aggregators directly from the readsb container. It defaults to adsbexchange if unset. No separate feed container is needed — readsb forwards data using --net-connector arguments appended automatically per profile. Set FEED_PROFILES to an empty string to disable all feeding. MLAT positioning requires a separate mlat-client container per exchange (see MLAT table below).

Environment Variables

Variable	Default	Description
`FEED_PROFILES`	`adsbexchange`	Comma-separated list of exchanges to feed. Options: `adsbexchange`, `adsb-fi`, `airplaneslive`, `planewatch`, `opensky`, `flyitalyadsb`, `adsbhub`, `radarplane`. Defaults to `adsbexchange` if unset. Set to empty string to disable feeding.
`FEED_UUID_<PROFILE>`	(auto-generated)	Per-profile UUID. Use uppercase profile name with hyphens as underscores (e.g. `FEED_UUID_ADSBEXCHANGE`, `FEED_UUID_ADSB_FI`, `FEED_UUID_AIRPLANESLIVE`). Auto-generated on first run and stored in `/config/feed-uuid-<profile>`.
`FEED_STATS_ENABLED`	`true`	Enable periodic console stats logging and ADSBx RSSI/stats upload. ADSBx upload activates automatically when `adsbexchange` is in `FEED_PROFILES`, using the same UUID as the beast feed.
`STATS_LOG_INTERVAL`	`120`	Console stats logging interval in seconds. Default is `120` (every 2 minutes). Set to e.g. `60` for 1 min or `300` for 5 min.
`FEED_UAT_INPUT`	(empty)	UAT 978 MHz data source as `host:port` (e.g. `dump978:30978`). Only applies in the US.
`FEED_LAT`	(empty)	Receiver latitude in decimal degrees. Used as fallback if `--lat` is not in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.
`FEED_LON`	(empty)	Receiver longitude in decimal degrees. Used as fallback if `--lon` is not in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.
`READSB_AUTO_LOCATION`	`true`	Auto-detect latitude/longitude via IP geolocation when `FEED_LAT`/`FEED_LON` are not set. Set to `false` to disable.
`READSB_NET`	`true`	Enable TCP networking (Beast, raw, SBS listeners). Default: `true`. Set to `false` for decode-only mode with no network ports.
`READSB_DEVICE_TYPE`	(empty)	SDR device type (`rtlsdr`, `modesbeast`, etc.). Leave empty for network-only mode. Maps to `--device-type`.
`READSB_AUTOGAIN`	`true`	Enable readsb built-in autogain (`--gain auto`). Adjusts gain at the IQ sample level every ~0.5s. Set to `false` to disable (uses max gain unless `READSB_GAIN` is set).
`READSB_GAIN`	(empty)	Set a fixed RTL-SDR gain value (e.g. `40.2`). Overrides `READSB_AUTOGAIN`.
`READSB_NET_BI_PORT`	(none)	Beast protocol input port(s), comma-separated (e.g. `30004,30104`). Maps to `--net-bi-port`.
`READSB_NET_BO_PORT`	(none)	Beast protocol output port(s), comma-separated (e.g. `30005`). Maps to `--net-bo-port`.
`READSB_BIASTEE`	`false`	Bias-T DC power for active antennas. See Bias-T Power for Active Antennas.
`LOG_LEVEL`	`info`	Minimum log verbosity: `debug`, `info`, `warn`, `error`, `fatal`. Set to `debug` for verbose operational detail.

Supported Profiles — Feed Connectors

Profile name	`--net-connector` value
`adsbexchange`	`feed1.adsbexchange.com,30004,beast_reduce_out,feed2.adsbexchange.com,64004`
`adsb-fi`	`feed.adsb.fi,30004,beast_reduce_out`
`airplaneslive`	`feed.airplanes.live,30004,beast_reduce_out`
`planewatch`	`atc.plane.watch,30004,beast_reduce_out`
`opensky`	`feed.opensky-network.org,30005,beast_reduce_out`
`flyitalyadsb`	`dati.flyitalyadsb.com,4905,beast_reduce_out`
`adsbhub`	`data.adsbhub.org,5002,beast_reduce_out`
`radarplane`	`feed.radarplane.com,30001,beast_reduce_out`

Supported Profiles — MLAT Servers

MLAT (multilateration) is optional — your ADS-B feed and stats work without it. MLAT uses timing data from multiple receivers to locate aircraft that don't broadcast GPS positions. If you want to enable it, run a separate mlat-client container per exchange.

mlat-client Environment Variables

Variable	Default	Description
`MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT`	`readsb:30005`	Beast data source (`host:port`)
`MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER`	`feed.adsbexchange.com:31090`	Multilateration server (`host:port`) — see table below
`MLAT_CLIENT_LAT`	(auto-detected)	Receiver latitude in decimal degrees. Auto-detected via IP geolocation if empty and `MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION=true`.
`MLAT_CLIENT_LON`	(auto-detected)	Receiver longitude in decimal degrees. Auto-detected via IP geolocation if empty and `MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION=true`.
`MLAT_CLIENT_ALT`	(auto-detected)	Receiver altitude with unit (`m` or `ft`). Auto-detected from terrain elevation when lat/lon are auto-detected.
`MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID`	(required)	User identifier / feeder name for the MLAT server
`MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS`	(none)	Results output destination(s), e.g. `beast,connect,readsb:30104`
`MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION`	`true`	Auto-detect lat/lon via ip-api.com and altitude via Open-Meteo Elevation API when `MLAT_CLIENT_LAT`/`MLAT_CLIENT_LON` are not set. Set to `false` to disable.
`MLAT_CLIENT_PRIVACY`	`false`	Hide receiver on coverage maps
`MLAT_CLIENT_UUID`	(none)	UUID sent to the server
`MLAT_CLIENT_UUID_FILE`	(none)	Path to UUID file for persistent identity
`MLAT_CLIENT_NO_UDP`	`false`	Disable UDP transport
`MLAT_CLIENT_ARGS`	(none)	Raw arguments (overrides individual env vars)

Auto-location: When MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION is true (the default) and MLAT_CLIENT_LAT/MLAT_CLIENT_LON are not set, the mlat-client container automatically detects your approximate location via IP geolocation. Altitude is resolved from terrain elevation at the detected coordinates. Explicit values always take priority. IP-based geolocation is approximate (city-level) — for best MLAT results, set your exact coordinates manually.

Profile name	MLAT server endpoint
`adsbexchange`	`feed.adsbexchange.com:31090`
`adsb-fi`	`feed.adsb.fi:31090`
`airplaneslive`	`feed.airplanes.live:31090`
`planewatch`	`mlat.plane.watch:31090`
`flyitalyadsb`	`dati.flyitalyadsb.com:30100`
`radarplane`	`mlat.radarplane.com:40900`

Feeder name: Most aggregators (e.g. ADSBExchange) derive your display name from the --user / MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID value sent by your mlat-client container. If no mlat-client is connected, the exchange typically auto-generates a random name. To set a custom name, configure MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID in your mlat-client sidecar (see examples below).

Quick Start — Single Exchange

services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
      # - READSB_BIASTEE=true          # enable for powered LNAs (e.g. SAWbird+)
      - FEED_PROFILES=adsbexchange
      - FEED_LAT=51.5074
      - FEED_LON=-0.1278
    volumes:
      - readsb-config:/config
      - readsb-run:/run/readsb
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    restart: unless-stopped

  mlat-client:
    image: blackoutsecure/mlat-client:latest
    container_name: mlat-adsbx
    environment:
      - MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT=readsb:30005
      - MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER=feed.adsbexchange.com:31090
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LAT=51.5074               # omit to auto-detect via IP geolocation
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LON=-0.1278               # omit to auto-detect via IP geolocation
      - MLAT_CLIENT_ALT=50m                   # omit to auto-detect from terrain elevation
      # - MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION=true      # default — auto-detects lat/lon/alt when not set
      - MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID=myfeeder-london
      - MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS=beast,connect,readsb:30104
    depends_on: [readsb]
    restart: unless-stopped

volumes:
  readsb-config:
  readsb-run:

Quick Start — Single Exchange (Auto-Location)

Minimal setup — lat/lon/alt are auto-detected from your IP address:

services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
      - FEED_PROFILES=adsbexchange
    volumes:
      - readsb-config:/config
      - readsb-run:/run/readsb
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    restart: unless-stopped

  mlat-client:
    image: blackoutsecure/mlat-client:latest
    container_name: mlat-adsbx
    environment:
      - MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT=readsb:30005
      - MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER=feed.adsbexchange.com:31090
      - MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID=myfeeder-london
      - MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS=beast,connect,readsb:30104
      # MLAT_CLIENT_LAT, MLAT_CLIENT_LON, MLAT_CLIENT_ALT auto-detected
    depends_on: [readsb]
    restart: unless-stopped

volumes:
  readsb-config:
  readsb-run:

Quick Start — Multi-Exchange

services:
  readsb:
    image: blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
    container_name: readsb
    environment:
      - TZ=Etc/UTC
      - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
      # - READSB_BIASTEE=true          # enable for powered LNAs (e.g. SAWbird+)
      - FEED_PROFILES=adsbexchange,adsb-fi,airplaneslive
      - FEED_LAT=51.5074
      - FEED_LON=-0.1278
    volumes:
      - readsb-config:/config
      - readsb-run:/run/readsb
    devices:
      - /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb
    restart: unless-stopped

  mlat-adsbx:
    image: blackoutsecure/mlat-client:latest
    container_name: mlat-adsbx
    environment:
      - MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT=readsb:30005
      - MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER=feed.adsbexchange.com:31090
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LAT=51.5074               # omit to auto-detect via IP geolocation
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LON=-0.1278               # omit to auto-detect via IP geolocation
      - MLAT_CLIENT_ALT=50m                   # omit to auto-detect from terrain elevation
      - MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID=myfeeder-london
      - MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS=beast,connect,readsb:30104
    depends_on: [readsb]
    restart: unless-stopped

  mlat-adsb-fi:
    image: blackoutsecure/mlat-client:latest
    container_name: mlat-adsb-fi
    environment:
      - MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT=readsb:30005
      - MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER=feed.adsb.fi:31090
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LAT=51.5074               # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LON=-0.1278               # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_ALT=50m                   # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID=myfeeder-london
      - MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS=beast,connect,readsb:30104
    depends_on: [readsb]
    restart: unless-stopped

  mlat-airplaneslive:
    image: blackoutsecure/mlat-client:latest
    container_name: mlat-airplaneslive
    environment:
      - MLAT_CLIENT_INPUT_CONNECT=readsb:30005
      - MLAT_CLIENT_SERVER=feed.airplanes.live:31090
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LAT=51.5074               # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_LON=-0.1278               # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_ALT=50m                   # omit to auto-detect
      - MLAT_CLIENT_USER_ID=myfeeder-london
      - MLAT_CLIENT_RESULTS=beast,connect,readsb:30104
    depends_on: [readsb]
    restart: unless-stopped

volumes:
  readsb-config:
  readsb-run:

Services Requiring Separate Containers

Note

TO DO — Sidecar container images for the services listed below are planned but not yet available. Compose examples and documentation will be added as each image is published.

Some aggregators use proprietary protocols or require authentication that cannot be handled via a simple --net-connector feed profile. These require running a dedicated sidecar container that reads Beast data from readsb:30005.

Service	Container	Auth	Status	Notes
FlightAware	flightaware/piaware	`feeder-id`	🔜 Planned	Connects to `readsb:30005` for Beast input. Handles auth, feeding, and MLAT independently.
FlightRadar24	fr24feed	`sharing-key`	🔜 Planned	Proprietary binary. Connects to `readsb:30005` in AVR/Beast mode.
Radarbox	rbfeeder	`sharing-key`	🔜 Planned	Proprietary binary. Connects to `readsb:30005` in Beast mode.
Planefinder	pfclient	`share-code`	🔜 Planned	Proprietary binary. Connects to `readsb:30005` in Beast mode.

Notes

MLAT: MLAT (multilateration) positioning is entirely optional — your ADS-B feed works without it. MLAT requires a separate mlat-client container per exchange. The readsb container handles Beast data forwarding only. If you see "MLAT: Not Found" on your feeder status page, that is normal when no mlat-client container is running. See the MLAT server table above for the correct server endpoint per exchange if you want to set it up. The mlat-client container supports automatic location detection (MLAT_CLIENT_AUTO_LOCATION=true, enabled by default) — lat/lon are resolved from your IP address and altitude from terrain elevation, so you can omit MLAT_CLIENT_LAT/MLAT_CLIENT_LON/MLAT_CLIENT_ALT for a quick start. For best MLAT accuracy, set your exact coordinates manually.
UUID: Each feed profile gets its own UUID, stored in /config/feed-uuid-<profile> (e.g. /config/feed-uuid-adsbexchange). UUIDs are auto-generated on first run and persisted across container restarts. They are also injected into the s6 container environment (e.g. FEED_UUID_ADSBEXCHANGE) for downstream services. To override, set FEED_UUID_<PROFILE> env vars. To view: docker exec readsb cat /config/feed-uuid-adsbexchange
Checking feed status:
- ADSBx: https://adsbexchange.com/myip/
- adsb.fi: https://adsb.fi/status
- airplanes.live: https://airplanes.live/
- plane.watch: https://plane.watch/
- flyitalyadsb: https://flyitalyadsb.com/
- radarplane: https://radarplane.com/
Feed verification URLs are also logged during container startup for each active profile.

Note: IP-based geolocation is approximate (typically city-level accuracy). Elevation is ground-level at the detected coordinates. For best MLAT results, set your exact coordinates manually.

Note on altitude: The auto-detected altitude represents ground elevation at the detected coordinates, not your antenna height above sea level. For accurate MLAT, your altitude should include the height of your antenna above ground. For example, if ground elevation is 50m and your antenna is on a 10m rooftop mast, set MLAT_CLIENT_ALT=60m. When relying on auto-detection, consider adding your antenna height manually for better multilateration accuracy.

Gain Control

RTL-SDR dongles have a tunable Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) in the R820T/R820T2 tuner with 29 discrete gain steps from 0.0 to 49.6 dB. Gain directly affects reception quality:

Too much gain → the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) overloads, strong nearby signals clip, and you lose both close and distant aircraft
Too little gain → weak signals from distant aircraft are buried in the noise floor and never decoded
Optimal gain → the noise floor is just above the ADC's quantization noise, maximizing the dynamic range available for ADS-B signals

Gain Modes Comparison

Mode	`READSB_AUTOGAIN`	`READSB_GAIN`	How it works	When to use
Autogain (default)	`true`	(empty)	readsb's built-in algorithm monitors IQ noise floor statistics every ~0.5s and adjusts the R820T tuner gain in-process. Converges quickly on startup, makes fine adjustments as conditions change.	Recommended for all users. Best results with minimal effort.
Fixed gain	`true` or `false`	e.g. `40.2`	A specific gain value from the R820T table is locked in. readsb will not adjust it. `READSB_GAIN` takes priority over `READSB_AUTOGAIN`.	When you've tested your RF environment and know the optimal value, or when autogain isn't converging well (rare).
Disabled (max gain)	`false`	(empty)	No `--gain` flag is passed to readsb. readsb defaults to maximum gain (equivalent to `--gain 58` / hardware AGC). The R820T runs at its highest amplification.	Not recommended. Overloads most receivers. Only useful for extremely remote locations with zero nearby RF sources.

How Autogain Works

readsb's built-in autogain (--gain auto) is fundamentally different from older shell-script-based approaches:

Operates at the IQ sample level — analyzes raw magnitude data from every USB transfer (~0.5s cycles), not decoded message statistics
Monitors noise floor — tracks noiseLowSamples, noiseHighSamples, and loudEvents per buffer
Adjusts in-process — changes gain via rtlsdr_set_tuner_gain() without restarting readsb
Fast startup convergence — uses a gain sweep multiplier on first run, settling within seconds
Loud signal detection — immediately lowers gain when clipping events are detected

The algorithm's thresholds can be tuned via READSB_EXTRA_ARGS (but there should be no need to change them):

--gain auto-verbose,<lowestGain>,<noiseLowThreshold>,<noiseHighThreshold>,<loudThreshold>

Defaults: --gain auto-verbose,0,34,36,243 (thresholds are 0–256 scale)

Recommended Configuration

For most users (default — no changes needed):

environment:
  - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr
  # READSB_AUTOGAIN defaults to true — autogain is active

To see autogain decisions in the log:

environment:
  - READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=--gain auto-verbose

To set a specific fixed gain:

environment:
  - READSB_GAIN=40.2

To disable autogain (max gain — not recommended):

environment:
  - READSB_AUTOGAIN=false

Choosing a Fixed Gain Value

If you prefer manual control, use the strong signal percentage as your guide. You can check this inside the container:

docker exec readsb sh -c 'jq ".total.local | {accepted: (.accepted | add), strong: .strong_signals, signal: .signal, noise: .noise}" /run/readsb/stats.json'

Target: ~5% strong signals (messages with RSSI > −3 dBFS). Guidelines from the upstream adsb-wiki:

Strong signal %	Meaning	Action
> 10%	ADC is overloading — you're clipping strong signals and losing distant ones too	Decrease gain
5–10%	Slightly high but acceptable, especially near airports	May be optimal for your location
1–5%	Sweet spot — good balance of range and close-in reception	Ideal for most locations
< 1%	Gain may be too low — you could be missing weak distant signals	Increase gain (or this is normal for rural areas with an LNA)
< 0.1%	Very low — likely too conservative unless you have an external LNA	Increase gain

Another approach: Aim for the weakest received signal (visible in graphs1090 or tar1090 stats) to be between −30 and −34 dBFS. This ensures you're using the full dynamic range without clipping.

RTL-SDR Gain Table

The R820T/R820T2 tuner supports these discrete gain values (in dB):

 0.0   0.9   1.4   2.7   3.7   7.7   8.7  12.5  14.4  15.7
16.6  19.7  20.7  22.9  25.4  28.0  29.7  32.8  33.8  36.4
37.2  38.6  40.2  42.1  43.4  43.9  44.5  48.0  49.6

Most receivers settle between 25–44 dB depending on antenna, LNA, cable loss, and local RF environment. Common sweet spots:

Setup	Typical optimal gain
Bare RTL-SDR + short coax + outdoor antenna	38–49.6
RTL-SDR + LNA (e.g. SAWbird+) + outdoor antenna	25–38
RTL-SDR + LNA + long coax run (> 10m)	33–44
Indoor antenna / window mount	42–49.6
Near a major airport (< 10 km)	20–33

Tips

Start with autogain — it handles 95% of setups correctly with zero configuration
Wait at least 5 minutes before evaluating gain performance — stats need time to accumulate
After moving your antenna, let autogain re-converge (it will adjust automatically)
USB power matters more than gain — voltage drop from long USB cables or shared hubs causes more reception problems than suboptimal gain. See USB topology warnings
An external LNA changes everything — if you add a SAWbird+ or similar, you'll likely need lower gain than before (the LNA adds 15–20 dB of external amplification)

Bias-T Power for Active Antennas

Some ADS-B setups use an inline LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) and/or SAW filter module between the antenna and the RTL-SDR dongle. These modules amplify and filter the signal right at the antenna before cable loss degrades it — significantly improving range and aircraft count. They need DC power delivered through the coaxial cable, which is called bias-T (bias tee).

A popular example is the Nooelec SAWbird+ ADS-B — a dual-channel cascaded ultra-low noise amplifier and SAW filter module with dedicated 1090 MHz (ADS-B) and 978 MHz (UAT) channels. It plugs inline between your antenna and dongle. It supports two power options: bias-T (3–5V DC via the SMA coax) or external power via a micro-USB port. You only need one — not both.

Typical Setup with SAWbird+

Option A — Bias-T powered (cleanest setup, no extra cables):

Antenna ──► SAWbird+ ADS-B (1090 MHz channel) ──► RTL-SDR dongle (serial 1090)
                                                    └─ bias-T powers SAWbird+ via coax

Option B — USB powered (bias-T not needed):

Antenna ──► SAWbird+ ADS-B (1090 MHz channel) ──► RTL-SDR dongle (serial 1090)
                 └─ micro-USB power cable

If using Option A (bias-T), set READSB_BIASTEE=true — without it the LNA has no power and actually adds insertion loss (makes reception worse than no filter at all). If using Option B (USB power), leave READSB_BIASTEE=false — the SAWbird+ is already powered and bias-T is unnecessary.

When to Enable

Enable READSB_BIASTEE=true if you use:

Nooelec SAWbird+ ADS-B powered via bias-T (no USB power connected)
Nooelec SAWbird+ NOAA or other SAWbird+ variants powered via bias-T
RTL-SDR Blog ADS-B LNA (inline filtered LNA)
Any inline LNA/filter that says "requires bias-T" or "requires 3.3–5V DC via coax"
Active antennas with a built-in LNA that has no separate power input

When NOT to Enable

Do not enable bias-T if:

Your antenna is passive (simple whip, dipole, or ground plane with no active electronics)
Your LNA/filter has its own separate USB or DC power supply (some models have a micro-USB port)
You have a standalone bias-T injector powered externally
You're unsure — leave it off and check your device documentation

Warning: Sending DC voltage to a device not designed for it won't damage most modern RTL-SDR dongles (they have short-circuit protection), but it's best practice to only enable when needed.

Note

Externally powered LNA? If your LNA has its own power source (e.g., micro-USB or barrel jack), you must set READSB_BIASTEE=false (the default). Enabling bias-T when the LNA is already externally powered provides no benefit, and in some configurations may cause unexpected behavior. The LNA will function normally using its own power supply — bias-T is only needed when the LNA has no other power source.

Caution

Only enable READSB_BIASTEE=true if your antenna or inline LNA requires DC power via coax. Bias-T is disabled by default. If you are unsure whether your setup needs it, leave it off and consult your antenna/LNA documentation.

Configuration

environment:
  - READSB_BIASTEE=true

The container runs rtl_biast -b 1 before starting readsb. If a specific dongle serial is configured (READSB_DEVICE or auto-detected SDR_1090_SERIAL), it targets that dongle.

Verifying Bias-T

# Check bias-T status in logs
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep 'bias-T'

# Manually test bias-T inside the container
docker exec readsb rtl_biast -b 1    # enable
docker exec readsb rtl_biast -b 0    # disable

When bias-T is active, you should see a noticeable improvement in aircraft count and range compared to running the SAWbird+ unpowered.

Compatible Dongles (Bias-T Capable)

RTL-SDR Dongle	Bias-T	Voltage / Current
RTL-SDR Blog V3	Yes	4.5V, ~180mA max
RTL-SDR Blog V4	Yes	4.5V, ~180mA max
Nooelec NESDR SMArt v5	Yes	4.5V
Nooelec NESDR SMArTee XTR	Yes (always on)	4.5V
Generic RTL2832U dongles	Usually no	—

Compatible LNA/Filter Modules

Module	Frequency	Power
Nooelec SAWbird+ ADS-B	1090 MHz + 978 MHz (dual)	Bias-T (3–5V via coax) or micro-USB
Nooelec SAWbird+ NOAA	137 MHz	Bias-T (3–5V via coax) or micro-USB
RTL-SDR Blog ADS-B LNA	1090 MHz	Bias-T (3.3–5V via coax)
RTL-SDR Blog Wideband LNA	Wideband	Bias-T or micro-USB

Advanced Tuning

Gain — When to Intervene Manually

readsb's built-in autogain handles most situations. See Gain Control for a full guide on autogain vs. fixed gain vs. disabled, recommended values by setup type, and how to measure strong signal percentage.

Quick diagnostics:

# Check your strong signal percentage and noise floor
docker exec readsb sh -c 'jq ".total.local | {accepted: (.accepted | add), strong: .strong_signals, signal: .signal, noise: .noise}" /run/readsb/stats.json'

# Test the dongle hardware
docker exec readsb rtl_test -t
docker exec readsb rtl_test -s 2400000 -t

Force a specific gain for testing:

environment:
  - READSB_GAIN=38.6

Frequency Correction (PPM)

RTL-SDR dongles have a crystal oscillator that's typically off by a few PPM (parts per million). Most R820T2-based dongles are within ±1 PPM and don't need correction. If you're seeing fewer aircraft than expected:

# Test PPM offset (let it run for 1+ minute, read the cumulative value)
docker exec readsb rtl_test -p

Apply correction:

environment:
  - READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=--ppm 3
  - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr

Network Tuning

These defaults are applied automatically when feed profiles are active, but can be overridden in READSB_EXTRA_ARGS:

Parameter	Default	Description
`--net-bi-port`	(none)	Beast protocol input port(s). Set via `READSB_NET_BI_PORT` env var or `--net-bi-port` in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.
`--net-bo-port`	(none)	Beast protocol output port(s). Set via `READSB_NET_BO_PORT` env var or `--net-bo-port` in `READSB_EXTRA_ARGS`.
`--net-beast-reduce-interval`	`0.5`	Seconds between reduced beast output updates. Lower = more data, more bandwidth.
`--net-heartbeat`	`60`	Seconds between TCP keepalive heartbeats.
`--net-ro-size`	`1280`	Raw output buffer size in bytes.
`--net-ro-interval`	`0.2`	Raw output flush interval in seconds.
`--json-location-accuracy`	`2`	JSON position decimal places (1=~11km, 2=~1.1km).
`--range-outline-hours`	`24`	Hours of range data to retain for outline calculation.
`--max-range`	`450`	Maximum detection range in nautical miles.
`--write-json-every`	`1`	JSON output write interval in seconds. Increase to `5` to reduce CPU/IO.

Stats & Upload Tuning

Variable	Default	Description
`FEED_STATS_ENABLED`	`true`	Master switch for console stats logging and ADSBx stats upload.
`STATS_LOG_INTERVAL`	`120`	Console stats interval in seconds. Set `60` for 1-min updates, `300` for 5-min.
`ADSBX_UPLOAD_INTERVAL`	`5`	ADSBx stats upload interval in seconds (matches official ADSBx feeder rate). Only active when `adsbexchange` is in `FEED_PROFILES`.
`LOG_LEVEL`	`info`	Minimum log verbosity: `debug`, `info`, `warn`, `error`, `fatal`. Per-upload confirmations are `debug`-level. Set to `debug` to see them, or `warn` to suppress routine messages.

Location Accuracy

For most users, IP geolocation (default) provides city-level accuracy which is sufficient for basic reception. For MLAT and precise range calculations:

environment:
  - FEED_LAT=39.6195          # exact latitude
  - FEED_LON=-86.1552         # exact longitude
  - READSB_AUTO_LOCATION=false  # disable IP geolocation

JSON Output Performance

If CPU or disk I/O is a concern (e.g., on a Raspberry Pi Zero):

environment:
  - READSB_EXTRA_ARGS=--write-json-every 5
  - READSB_DEVICE_TYPE=rtlsdr

This reduces JSON writes from every second to every 5 seconds.

Troubleshooting

Log Format

All log output uses syslog format so you can identify the source and severity of each line in docker logs, and it integrates natively with log aggregators (Loki, Datadog, Fluentd, etc.):

<timestamp> <service>[<priority>]: <message>

2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: adsbexchange UUID: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: adsb-fi UUID: 87654321-4321-4321-4321-cba987654321
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: Active feed profiles: adsbexchange,adsb-fi
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: Verify adsbexchange feed: https://adsbexchange.com/myip/
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: Verify adsb-fi feed: https://adsb.fi/status
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: fixed USB permissions: /dev/bus/usb/001/004
2026-04-02T11:38:20Z init-readsb-config[info]: receiver location: 51.5074, -0.1278
2026-04-02T11:38:21Z svc-readsb[info]: readsb container startup configuration
2026-04-02T11:38:21Z svc-readsb[info]: Using readsb built-in autogain (--gain auto)
2026-04-02T11:38:21Z svc-readsb[decoder]: *8daa4b32584385ef2a7603346e29;
2026-04-02T11:38:21Z svc-readsb[decoder]: hex:  aa4b32   CRC: 000000 fixed bits: 0 decode: ok
2026-04-02T11:38:21Z svc-readsb[decoder]: RSSI:    -22.0 dBFS   reduce_forward: 1
2026-04-02T11:38:22Z svc-feed-stats[info]: ADSBx stats upload enabled (UUID: a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890)
2026-04-02T11:38:22Z svc-feed-stats[info]: ADSBx stats URL: https://www.adsbexchange.com/api/feeders/?feed=a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890
2026-04-02T11:38:22Z svc-feed-stats[info]: Starting stats service (upload=5s, console=120s, JSON_DIR=/run/readsb)
2026-04-02T11:40:22Z svc-feed-stats[info]: stats: 42 aircraft tracked (38 with position), 128456 messages total
2026-04-02T11:38:52Z svc-feed-stats[warn]: /run/readsb/aircraft.json not updated in 45s.

Service	Description
`init-readsb-config`	One-shot init: per-profile UUID generation and persistence (disk + s6 env), feed profile setup, ADSBx stats URL, USB permissions, geolocation
`svc-readsb`	Main readsb decoder service (startup config + decoder output)
`svc-feed-stats`	Periodic console stats (every 2 min by default) + ADSBx RSSI/stats upload when `adsbexchange` profile is active. Both use the same UUID. Per-upload confirmations are `debug`-level.

Priority	Meaning
`debug`	Verbose operational detail (e.g. per-upload ADSBx confirmations). Hidden at default `info` level. Set `LOG_LEVEL=debug` to see.
`info`	Normal operational messages
`warn`	Non-fatal issues that may need attention
`error`	Errors that affect functionality
`fatal`	Critical errors causing service exit
`decoder`	Raw readsb decoder output (ADS-B message decoding)

Filter logs by service:

docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep 'svc-readsb\['
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep 'svc-feed-stats\['
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep 'init-readsb-config\['

Filter logs by priority:

docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep '\[debug\]:'    # verbose upload confirmations (requires LOG_LEVEL=debug)
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep '\[warn\]:'
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep '\[error\]:\|\[fatal\]:'
docker logs readsb 2>&1 | grep '\[decoder\]:'

Log verbosity control:

Set LOG_LEVEL to control which messages appear. Default is info.

environment:
  - LOG_LEVEL=info     # default — stats summaries, startup info, warnings, errors
  - LOG_LEVEL=debug    # all of the above + per-upload ADSBx confirmations
  - LOG_LEVEL=warn     # warnings and errors only (quietest)

Container won't start or exits immediately

Check logs:

docker logs readsb
docker logs readsb --tail 50 -f  # Follow last 50 lines

Common causes:

USB device not found: Verify RTL-SDR dongle is connected and restart container
Permission denied on /dev/bus/usb: Container may need elevated privileges or device permissions
Configuration error: Check READSB_EXTRA_ARGS syntax against Extra Arguments

ADSBx — linking your account

This container feeds ADSBx via two pathways that share a single UUID from /config/feed-uuid-adsbexchange:

Beast feed (--net-connector to port 30004) — primary ADS-B data connection (persistent TCP)
Stats upload (svc-feed-stats) — RSSI/stats data (periodic HTTP POST every 5s, matching official ADSBx feeder)

Both pathways use the same UUID so ADSBx sees one feeder. The stats URL is logged at startup:

https://www.adsbexchange.com/api/feeders/?feed=YOUR-UUID-HERE

To link your account: Visit https://adsbexchange.com/myip/ and click the pre-selected Feed UID at the top of the "Link your receiver" section.

No aircraft data appearing

Verify connectivity:

docker exec readsb cat /run/readsb/aircraft.json | jq '.aircraft | length'

If count is 0:

Check RTL-SDR device: docker exec readsb rtl_test -t
Verify antenna is connected and positioned properly
If using a powered antenna, ensure READSB_BIASTEE=true is set
Try a manual gain: set READSB_GAIN=35 or use --gain auto-verbose in READSB_EXTRA_ARGS to watch gain decisions
Look for RF interference: try a different location or antenna orientation

JSON output not updating

Check if readsb is running:

docker exec readsb ps aux | grep readsb

Verify write permissions:

docker exec readsb ls -la /run/readsb/

JSON directory should be writable by the container user.

High CPU usage or memory growth

Profile the container:

docker stats readsb --no-stream

Troubleshooting steps:

Reduce JSON output frequency: Add --write-json-every 5 (updates every 5 seconds instead of 1)
Check for decode storms: Monitor aircraft count with watch 'docker exec readsb jq .aircraft.length /run/readsb/aircraft.json'
Restart container: docker restart readsb

Device permission errors (non-root mode)

RTL-SDR USB device permissions are fixed automatically during container init. If you still see permission errors:

# Verify RTL-SDR devices are visible inside the container
docker exec readsb lsusb | grep -i realtek

# Check device permissions were applied
docker exec readsb ls -la /dev/bus/usb/*/*

If devices are not visible, ensure the devices: mapping is correct in your compose file. On some hosts, you may need to restart the container after plugging in the dongle.

Port conflicts

If ports are already in use, map to different host ports:

docker run ... \
  -p 30011:30001 \
  -p 30012:30002 \
  -p 30013:30003 \
  ...

Then update client connections to use the new ports.

Getting help

Check upstream readsb documentation
Review container logs: docker logs -f readsb
Open an issue on GitHub

Health Monitoring

The container includes built-in health monitoring at multiple levels:

Docker HEALTHCHECK

The image includes a HEALTHCHECK that verifies aircraft.json exists and was updated within the last 60 seconds. Docker marks the container as unhealthy after 3 consecutive failures. This check is profile-agnostic — the same healthcheck applies regardless of which feed profiles are active, since all profiles share the same underlying readsb decoder and aircraft.json output.

Setting	Value
Interval	30s
Timeout	5s
Start period	60s
Retries	3

# Check container health status
docker inspect --format='{{.State.Health.Status}}' readsb

# View health check history
docker inspect --format='{{json .State.Health}}' readsb | jq .

s6 Service Supervision

All long-running services are supervised by s6-overlay and automatically restarted on crash:

# Check individual service status (equivalent of systemctl status)
docker exec readsb s6-svstat /run/service/svc-readsb
docker exec readsb s6-svstat /run/service/svc-feed-stats

Periodic Console Stats

svc-feed-stats logs a summary every 2 minutes by default (configurable via STATS_LOG_INTERVAL). Stats logging works with all feed profiles — it is not limited to adsbexchange:

svc-feed-stats[info]: stats: 42 aircraft tracked (38 with position), 128456 messages total

To change the interval, set STATS_LOG_INTERVAL to the desired number of seconds (e.g. 60 for every minute, 300 for every 5 minutes). To disable stats logging entirely, set FEED_STATS_ENABLED=false.

Quick Status Commands

# Container health
docker inspect --format='{{.State.Health.Status}}' readsb

# Aircraft count
docker exec readsb cat /run/readsb/aircraft.json | jq '.aircraft | length'

# Feed UUID (per-profile)
docker exec readsb cat /config/feed-uuid-adsbexchange

# List all profile UUIDs
docker exec readsb ls /config/feed-uuid-*

# Service uptime (all services)
docker exec readsb s6-svstat /run/service/svc-readsb
docker exec readsb s6-svstat /run/service/svc-feed-stats

# RTL-SDR dongle test
docker exec readsb rtl_test -t

# Tag a dongle serial
docker exec readsb rtl_eeprom -d 0 -s 00001090

# Check bias-T status
docker exec readsb rtl_biast -b 1    # enable
docker exec readsb rtl_biast -b 0    # disable

Release & Versioning

This project uses semantic versioning:

Releases published on GitHub Releases
Multi-arch images (amd64, arm64v8) built automatically
Docker Hub tags: version-specific, latest, and architecture-specific

Update to latest:

docker pull blackoutsecure/readsb:latest
docker-compose up -d  # if using compose

Check image version:

docker inspect -f '{{ index .Config.Labels "build_version" }}' blackoutsecure/readsb:latest

Resources

Docker Hub: blackoutsecure/readsb
Issues / bug reports: GitHub Issues — include Docker version, container logs, and reproduction steps.
Releases: GitHub Releases
Upstream: wiedehopf/readsb
Container base: LinuxServer.io · Discord

License

GPL-3.0-or-later — see LICENSE. The upstream readsb project is also GPL-3.0-or-later.

Sponsored and maintained by Blackout Secure.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 160 Commits
.github		.github
root		root
src		src
.bos-launchpad.yaml		.bos-launchpad.yaml
.dockerignore		.dockerignore
.editorconfig		.editorconfig
.gitattributes		.gitattributes
.gitignore		.gitignore
Dockerfile		Dockerfile
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
docker-compose.yml		docker-compose.yml
logo.png		logo.png
readme-vars.yml		readme-vars.yml

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blackoutsecure/readsb

Table of Contents

Quick Start

Image Availability

About The readsb Application

Supported Architectures

Usage

docker-compose (recommended, click here for more info)

docker-compose with RTL-SDR over network (e.g., from a remote receiver)

docker-compose with dump978 sidecar (dual 1090/978 MHz, US only)

docker-cli (click here for more info)

Balena Deployment

Parameters

Ports

Environment Variables

Storage Mounts

Devices

Volume Details

/config — Configuration & Persistence

/run/readsb — JSON Output

Best Practices

Volume Mount Examples

Configuration

User / Group Identifiers

Application Setup

Key Features

Extra Arguments (READSB_EXTRA_ARGS)

JSON Output Files

Supported Modes

SDR Device Selection

Feed Profiles

Environment Variables

Supported Profiles — Feed Connectors

Supported Profiles — MLAT Servers

mlat-client Environment Variables

Quick Start — Single Exchange

Quick Start — Single Exchange (Auto-Location)

Quick Start — Multi-Exchange

Services Requiring Separate Containers

Notes

Gain Control

Gain Modes Comparison

How Autogain Works

Recommended Configuration

Choosing a Fixed Gain Value

RTL-SDR Gain Table

Tips

Bias-T Power for Active Antennas

Typical Setup with SAWbird+

When to Enable

When NOT to Enable

Configuration

Verifying Bias-T

Compatible Dongles (Bias-T Capable)

Compatible LNA/Filter Modules

Advanced Tuning

Gain — When to Intervene Manually

Frequency Correction (PPM)

Network Tuning

Stats & Upload Tuning

Location Accuracy

JSON Output Performance

Troubleshooting

Log Format

Container won't start or exits immediately

ADSBx — linking your account

No aircraft data appearing

JSON output not updating

High CPU usage or memory growth

Device permission errors (non-root mode)

Port conflicts

Getting help

Health Monitoring

Docker HEALTHCHECK

s6 Service Supervision

`/config` — Configuration & Persistence

`/run/readsb` — JSON Output