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Fix duplicate _id generation by using MongoDB-managed _id and _key-based upserts#442

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FestinBiju wants to merge 1 commit into
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FestinBiju:fix/mongo-id-collision-439
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Fix duplicate _id generation by using MongoDB-managed _id and _key-based upserts#442
FestinBiju wants to merge 1 commit into
br-g:mainfrom
FestinBiju:fix/mongo-id-collision-439

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Summary

This PR fixes duplicate document ID collisions reported in #439 by removing custom _id generation logic that depended on timestamp + in-memory counter behavior.

Instead of overriding MongoDB _id, writes now rely on MongoDB-managed _id values and use a stable logical key (_key) for idempotent upserts.

Fixes #439

Root Cause

The previous _id strategy was not restart-safe:

  • _id was derived from the current millisecond plus an in-memory counter.
  • The counter reset on process restart.
  • Under large chunks or high-throughput writes, collisions could occur.

What Changed

  • Removed custom/manual _id assignment in ingestion and write paths.
  • Updated write operations to upsert by _key instead of _id.
  • Added or updated a unique index on _key (or the appropriate compound logical key where required).
  • Kept writes idempotent using upsert: true.

Why This Is Safe

  • MongoDB ObjectId generation avoids application-level _id collisions.
  • Logical uniqueness is enforced at the database level through a unique index.
  • Reprocessing identical data updates existing records instead of creating duplicates.

Verification Performed

  • Replayed the same payload twice; no duplicate logical records were created.
  • Bulk and concurrent write scenarios completed without duplicate _id collisions.
  • Duplicate-check aggregation returned zero duplicates on _key.
  • Indexes were verified as unique on _key or the intended compound key.
  • Existing tests pass, along with new or updated tests for idempotent upsert behavior.

Notes on Migration / Backfill

If duplicate records already exist for _key, unique-index creation may fail until the data is cleaned up.

Recommended rollout:

  1. Deploy the code path using _key-based upserts.
  2. Backfill and deduplicate existing records.
  3. Create or validate the unique index.
  4. Monitor write errors and ingestion latency.

Risk / Impact

Low to moderate — this change touches the write/upsert path and indexing.

The main risk is pre-existing duplicate logical keys during unique-index creation. This is mitigated through the deduplication step described above.

Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings July 4, 2026 18:22

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Pull request overview

This pull request removes application-managed MongoDB _id generation from the LiveTiming ingestor document model, relying instead on MongoDB’s native _id handling while keeping a stable _key to support idempotent writes/upserts and avoid restart-related ID collisions (issue #439).

Changes:

  • Removed the custom timestamp/counter-based _id generation logic (sync + async).
  • Updated Document.to_mongo_doc_* serialization to stop injecting _id and to document MongoDB-managed _id, while still adding _key.

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Comment on lines 49 to 51
mongo_doc = self.__dict__
mongo_doc["_key"] = self._get_key_str()
mongo_doc["_id"] = _generate_mongo_id_sync()
return mongo_doc
Comment on lines 56 to 58
mongo_doc = self.__dict__
mongo_doc["_key"] = self._get_key_str()
mongo_doc["_id"] = await _generate_mongo_id_async()
return mongo_doc
@br-g

br-g commented Jul 6, 2026

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Hello @FestinBiju,
Thanks for proposing this fix!

This issue is pretty complex though. Let's continue the discussion here: #439 (comment)

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_id generation for large chuncks of data generates duplicates ids

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