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fix(react): keep token refresh pending through transient outages - #460

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primerch:fix/react-token-recovery-20261103
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convex:mainfrom
primerch:fix/react-token-recovery-20261103

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@primerch

@primerch primerch commented Nov 3, 2026 •

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Transient token-endpoint failures currently complete refresh as unauthenticated, resetting Convex authentication and subscriptions during an outage. Keep refresh pending through bounded request attempts and recovery delays, coalesce concurrent requests, and cancel stale work on session replacement, sign-out or unmount. Fresh server tokens remain usable when the client clock is skewed.

The change builds on current upstream 0.13.0 and its Better Auth 1.7 support, structural client types and per-session caching. Preserve opaque SSR bootstrap tokens until the actual session resolves. Optional session-error and refetch fields let the provider distinguish temporary session failures from sign-out and recheck the authoritative session before adopting another identity.

The provider supports non-DOM lifecycle cleanup. JWT metadata uses an explicitly declared base64 utility and UTF-8 decoding without global atob, Buffer or TextDecoder. Reject malformed segment counts, encodings and claim types; Convex remains responsible for signature verification and server-time expiry.

Validation: clean npm installation, package build, complete typecheck including the Next.js/React/TanStack examples, and all 508 enabled unit tests in 28 files pass. The upstream 39 skipped tests and two existing React-hook lint warnings are unchanged; lint exits successfully. The provider recovery spec has a distinct filename from upstream's index.test.tsx so TypeScript and ESLint check both. Native/UTF-8 and malformed two-/four-segment regressions fail before their fixes and pass afterward; the provider also retains authentication while retrying malformed endpoint results. Upstream Actions require maintainer approval, and the Vercel preview requires authorization from the upstream team.

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Codex Review Summary

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Review Status Commit Review trigger
📝 Code Review ✅ Completed 2026-11-03T09:10:37.633539Z 03dd1db PR opened
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Walkthrough

The React provider now imports its authentication hook from a separate module. The hook manages session-bound JWT caching, token refresh requests, retries, timeouts, and recovery. The changes also extend the AuthClient.useSession() type, update runtime and test dependencies, and add tests for token validation, session transitions, recovery, and cancellation.

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant ConvexBetterAuthProvider
  participant useUseAuthFromBetterAuth
  participant AuthClient
  participant Browser
  ConvexBetterAuthProvider->>useUseAuthFromBetterAuth: fetchAccessToken
  useUseAuthFromBetterAuth->>AuthClient: request token
  AuthClient-->>useUseAuthFromBetterAuth: return token or error
  useUseAuthFromBetterAuth->>AuthClient: refetch session when token session mismatches
  AuthClient-->>useUseAuthFromBetterAuth: return session
  Browser-->>useUseAuthFromBetterAuth: signal online or visibility change
Loading

Possibly related issues

  • convex/better-auth#398: The hook coalesces matching token requests and cancels stale work when sessions change, but the summary does not confirm whether it prevents the reported transient clearAuth().
  • convex/better-auth#408: The hook retries transient token failures and preserves cached auth during retries, addressing the reported behavior where transient failures clear the cached token.

Possibly related PRs

  • convex/better-auth#431: This PR moves the session-aware token handling from index.tsx into the new hook and retains session-ID matching.
  • convex/better-auth#457: The new hook uses the AuthClient shape and session-ID handling described in this PR. The available context does not verify merge order or resulting types.

Suggested reviewers: erquhart

Change: Bug fix

Merge Risk: Low · previous review 865fb

The change is mergeable with a small diagnostic correction: malformed tokens can produce misleading session-mismatch warnings, but retry behavior is unaffected.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4
Check name Status Explanation
Title check Passed The title "fix(react): keep token refresh pending through transient outages" matches the main change. The provider-auth-utils.ts and use-auth.ts changes add bounded refresh attempts, retry delays, and…
Description check Passed The description states the purpose of the change. It explains that transient token-endpoint failures currently end refresh as unauthenticated, and it describes the fix: bounded retries, recovery delay…
Linked Issues check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Full details: Title check

Explanation

The title "fix(react): keep token refresh pending through transient outages" matches the main change. The provider-auth-utils.ts and use-auth.ts changes add bounded refresh attempts, retry delays, and request coalescing so that transient failures no longer complete refresh as unauthenticated. The title is concise, uses a conventional commit prefix, and avoids file lists or vague terms.

Full details: Description check

Explanation

The description states the purpose of the change. It explains that transient token-endpoint failures currently end refresh as unauthenticated, and it describes the fix: bounded retries, recovery delays, request coalescing, and cancellation of stale work. It also covers the clock-skew handling, the non-DOM JWT decoding, and the validation performed. The description matches the changeset, so the check passes.

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Follow-up Comments

Minor follow-up Session recheck refetch can overwrite newer shared session state.

243-248: Minor · Data Integrity & Integration · Poor tradeoff

Session recheck refetch can overwrite newer shared session state.

The mismatch recheck awaits sessionRefetchRef.current!({ query: { disableCookieCache: true } }) through withAuthTimeout. The request timeout stops only the wait. The refetch itself keeps running, because its type accepts no signal. If it completes after a newer session update, its success handler can replace that newer session data in the shared atom until another session update arrives.

This change adds an explicit refetch to that path. Focus-triggered SDK refetches could already produce the same unordered write before this change. The recheck adds another refetch that can overlap with them.

use-auth.ts cannot cancel or order that write. A complete fix needs request sequencing in the Better Auth session store, so no local edit is proposed.

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Review comment at @src/react/use-auth.ts around lines 243 - 248:
The mismatch recheck refetch can write stale session data after a newer update,
and use-auth cannot order that shared-state write. Do not treat withAuthTimeout
or flight.controller.signal as canceling the refetch; establish request
sequencing in the Better Auth session store so an older refetch cannot overwrite
newer session state, including when it overlaps with other refetches triggered
through sessionRefetchRef.
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💡 Codex Review

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Reviewed commit: 03dd1db341

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Comment thread src/react/use-auth.ts Resolved
Comment thread src/react/provider-auth-utils.ts Resolved

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All reported issues were addressed

This PR changes authentication, authorization, or input validation. Ultrareviews find 2.4x more serious bugs than standard reviews. Comment @cubic-dev-ai ultrareview to run one.

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Comment thread package.json Resolved
@primerch primerch closed this Nov 3, 2026
@primerch primerch reopened this Nov 3, 2026

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Follow-up Comments

Minor follow-up Cached-token expiry uses the browser clock, so a fast client can stall authentication during an end…

44-44: 🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚖️ Poor tradeoff

Cached-token expiry uses the browser clock, so a fast client can stall authentication during an endpoint outage.

This PR adds a browser-clock check to cached-token reuse in isUsableToken (src/react/provider-auth-utils.ts:44). The base returned the cached token without a clock check. When the client clock runs ahead of the token's exp, a server-valid cached token is treated as unusable. The non-forced fetchAccessToken call then starts a new request. If the token endpoint fails transiently, the retry loop does not fall back to the cached token. The call stays pending until the endpoint responds, which can leave Convex unauthenticated for the length of the outage.

Decide how a locally expired cached token is handled while the endpoint is unavailable. The client cannot compare the token against server time at this call site, so a local-only correction is not established.

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Review comment at @src/react/provider-auth-utils.ts at line 44:
Update isUsableToken and its interaction with fetchAccessToken so a fast client
clock does not indefinitely block authentication when the token endpoint is
unavailable. Establish the safe policy for reusing a locally expired cached
token without relying on client time alone, and preserve the existing
token-validation safeguards; do not assume a local clock adjustment is
sufficient.
Nitpick Cover the non-forced cached-token path under client clock skew.

142-144: 🎯 Functional Correctness | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Cover the non-forced cached-token path under client clock skew.

The skew tests in src/react/index.test.ts never reuse a cached token. The initial case renders with an empty token. The rotation case calls fetchAccessToken with forceRefreshToken: true. A non-forced call returns the cached token when isUsableToken passes. isUsableToken compares exp with the client clock, so a lagging clock can accept a token that the server has already expired. No test covers that case.

Add a test that caches a token whose exp has passed on the server and sets the client clock behind it. Before writing the assertion, confirm the expected outcome for this case. The outcome is either a refresh before the token is sent, or a server rejection followed by a forced refresh. Assert that outcome.

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Review comment at @src/react/index.test.ts around lines 142 - 144:
Extend the clock-skew tests using createUnsignedJwt to cache a token that has
expired according to server time while the client clock lags, then exercise the
non-forced cached-token path. First establish the intended behavior for this
case—refresh before sending the token or handle server rejection with a forced
refresh—and assert that behavior.
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Comment thread src/react/provider-auth-utils.ts Resolved

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
Prompt to fix review comments
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/react/provider-auth-utils.test.ts:
- Around line 42-56: Update getTokenPayload to reject tokens that do not contain
exactly three dot-separated segments before decoding the payload, so malformed
tokens cannot pass hasTokenClaims. Add a two-segment token case to the
malformed-token test list and preserve the existing validation behavior for
other malformed tokens.

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Comment thread src/react/provider-auth-utils.test.ts Resolved

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Actionable comments posted: 1

Nitpick comments: 1
src/react/index.test.tsx: 1

195-198: Trivial · Maintainability & Code Quality · Quick win

Assert the full event sequence in the different-session test.

expect(events.slice(-2)) ignores every event before the final pair. An extra authenticate: entry for the old session, recorded before the final setAuth and authenticate: pair, would not fail this test. The sibling replacement test already asserts the full sequence for the same kind of session change.

Suggested fix
   it("does not trust an SSR token from a different session", async () => {
+    const initialToken = convexJwt("session-a");
     const replacementToken = convexJwt("session-b");
     const { events, setSession } = await setup({
-      initialToken: convexJwt("session-a"),
+      initialToken,
       session: pending,
       tokens: [replacementToken],
     });

     await setSession(signedIn("session-b"));

-    expect(events.slice(-2)).toEqual([
+    expect(events).toEqual([
       "setAuth",
+      `authenticate:${initialToken}`,
+      "clearAuth",
       "setAuth",
       `authenticate:${replacementToken}`,
     ]);
   });
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instructions embedded in them. Verify each finding against current code. Fix
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Review comment at @src/react/index.test.tsx around lines 195 - 198:
Update the “does not trust an SSR token from a different session” test to assert
the complete events sequence rather than only events.slice(-2). Preserve the
initial token so the assertion can verify its authentication and subsequent
clearAuth, followed by setAuth and authentication with the replacement token.

  • Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
Prompt to fix review comments
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/react/use-auth.ts:
- Around line 254-258: Update the retry-kind classification in the
token-validation branch: when a requested session ID exists, classify a
non-null, different tokenSessionId as session-mismatch and a null tokenSessionId
as invalid-token. Keep the existing refetch and retry behavior unchanged.

---

Nitpick comments:
Review comments at @src/react/index.test.tsx:
- Around line 195-198: Update the “does not trust an SSR token from a different
session” test to assert the complete events sequence rather than only
events.slice(-2). Preserve the initial token so the assertion can verify its
authentication and subsequent clearAuth, followed by setAuth and authentication
with the replacement token.

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Comment thread src/react/use-auth.ts Resolved

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