Introduction

• LPF represents Ladybird Pattern Formation.
• LPF is a framework for exploring the biological pattern formation exemplified by ladybird beetles.
• LPF can be utilized as an educational framework for understanding biological dynamics, pattern formation, and complexity.

Features

• Reaction-diffusion PDE models for the color pattern formation of ladybird beetles.
• Evolutionary search based on PyGMO providing the concept of island and archipelago.
• GPU optimization of the reaction-diffusion PDE solver for a batch of parameter sets based on CuPy.

Installation

See INSTALL.md for the full installation guide, which covers:

• Pre-built CUDA wheels (Linux / Windows, CUDA 12.6 – 13.2)
• From source with uv for development
• Optional PyTorch and JAX backends
• Conda-based setup for evolutionary search (pygmo)
• AOT kernel build

Getting Started

• Tutorials.

Citation

• Daewon Lee, "LPF: a framework for exploring the wing color pattern formation of ladybird beetles in Python", Bioinformatics, 39(7), btad430, July 2023.