[apds9930]: Add sensor support

[iyesin]

Add support for APDS-9930 sensor (ambient light + proximity)

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Developer breaking change (an API change that could break external components)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests
• Other

Related issue or feature (if applicable):

• fixes my request to add APDS-9930

Pull request in esphome-docs with documentation (if applicable):

• Add APDS-9930 sensor documentation esphome.io#5896

Test Environment

• ESP32
• ESP32 IDF
• ESP8266
• RP2040
• BK72xx
• RTL87xx
• nRF52840

Example entry for config.yaml:

external_components:
  - source: github://pr#13125
    components: [apds9930]
    refresh: 1h

i2c:
  sda: GPIO21
  scl: GPIO22
  scan: true

apds9930:
  id: light_proximity_sensor
  address: 0x39
  update_interval: 60s
  led_drive: 100ma
  proximity_gain: 8x
  ambient_light_gain: 1x
  proximity_diode: 2

sensor:
  - platform: apds9930
    apds9930_id: light_proximity_sensor
    type: illuminance
    illuminance:
      name: "Living Room Illuminance"
      id: living_room_lux
      filters:
        - sliding_window_moving_average:
            window_size: 5
            send_every: 5
      on_value_range:
        - below: 50
          then:
            - light.turn_on: main_light
        - above: 200
          then:
            - light.turn_off: main_light

  - platform: apds9930
    apds9930_id: light_proximity_sensor
    type: proximity
    proximity:
      name: "Object Proximity"
      id: object_proximity
      filters:
        - throttle: 1s
      on_value_range:
        - above: 500
          then:
            - logger.log: "Object detected nearby"
            - switch.turn_on: proximity_alert
        - below: 100
          then:
            - switch.turn_off: proximity_alert

Checklist:

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works (under tests/ folder).

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated in esphome-docs.

[github-actions]

To use the changes from this PR as an external component, add the following to your ESPHome configuration YAML file:

external_components:
  - source: github://pr#13125
    components: [apds9930]
    refresh: 1h

---

(Added by the PR bot)

[esphome]

👥 Code Ownership

Hey there @iyesin,
Thanks for submitting this pull request! Can you add yourself as a codeowner for this integration? This way we can notify you if a bug report for this integration is reported.

In __init__.py of the integration, please add:

CODEOWNERS = ["@iyesin"]

And run script/build_codeowners.py

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 75.88%. Comparing base (091a05c) to head (a44c89a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##              dev   #13125   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   75.88%   75.88%           
=======================================
  Files          69       69           
  Lines       14599    14599           
  Branches     2107     2107           
=======================================
  Hits        11078    11078           
  Misses       3067     3067           
  Partials      454      454           

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Review dismissed: All requirements have been met

[github-actions]

Memory Impact Analysis

Components: apds9930
Platform: esp8266-ard

Metric	Target Branch	This PR	Change
RAM	28,164 bytes	28,804 bytes	📈 🚨 +640 bytes (+2.27%)
Flash	275,311 bytes	287,183 bytes	📈 🚨 +11,872 bytes (+4.31%)

📊 Component Memory Breakdown

Component	Target Flash	PR Flash	Change
[esphome]i2c	0 bytes	2,342 bytes	📈 🔸 +2,342 bytes (0.00%)
other	7,483 bytes	9,459 bytes	📈 +1,976 bytes (+26.41%)
[esphome]core	6,620 bytes	8,578 bytes	📈 🚨 +1,958 bytes (+29.58%)
[esphome]apds9930	0 bytes	1,610 bytes	📈 🔸 +1,610 bytes (0.00%)
[esphome]sensor	0 bytes	1,061 bytes	📈 🔸 +1,061 bytes (0.00%)
[lib]wire	0 bytes	643 bytes	📈 +643 bytes (0.00%)
app_framework	1,581 bytes	1,923 bytes	📈 +342 bytes (+21.63%)
wifi_stack	40,648 bytes	40,308 bytes	📉 -340 bytes (-0.84%)
power_mgmt	6,800 bytes	7,140 bytes	📈 +340 bytes (+5.00%)
misc_system	3,911 bytes	4,160 bytes	📈 +249 bytes (+6.37%)
interrupt_handlers	899 bytes	1,099 bytes	📈 +200 bytes (+22.25%)
wifi_config	2,489 bytes	2,672 bytes	📈 +183 bytes (+7.35%)
static_init	52 bytes	181 bytes	📈 +129 bytes (+248.08%)
arduino_core	2,336 bytes	2,392 bytes	📈 +56 bytes (+2.40%)
exception_handling	2,488 bytes	2,531 bytes	📈 +43 bytes (+1.73%)
memory_alloc	901 bytes	927 bytes	📈 +26 bytes (+2.89%)
esp_system	5,627 bytes	5,605 bytes	📉 -22 bytes (-0.39%)
wifi_phy_pp	2,926 bytes	2,948 bytes	📈 +22 bytes (+0.75%)
rom_functions	5,471 bytes	5,484 bytes	📈 +13 bytes (+0.24%)
error_handling	120 bytes	128 bytes	📈 +8 bytes (+6.67%)
...	...	...	(1 more components not shown)

🔍 Symbol-Level Changes (click to expand)

Changed Symbols

Symbol	Target Size	PR Size	Change
setup	206 bytes	548 bytes	📈 +342 bytes (+166.02%)
esphome::App	148 bytes	176 bytes	📈 +28 bytes (+18.92%)
[global constructor for: esphome::Application::register_component_(esphome::Component*)]	124 bytes	142 bytes	📈 +18 bytes (+14.52%)
esphome::esp8266::ESP8266Preferences::sync()::__pstr__	15 bytes	7 bytes	📉 -8 bytes (-53.33%)
esphome::SchedulerNameLog::format(esphome::Scheduler::NameType, char const*, unsigned int)::__pstr__	6 bytes	12 bytes	📈 +6 bytes (+100.00%)
setup::__pstr__	12 bytes	9 bytes	📉 -3 bytes (-25.00%)

New Symbols (top 15)

Symbol	Size
_vfprintf_r	899 bytes
pinMode	711 bytes
Twi::onTwipEvent(unsigned char)	464 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(unsigned char, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, unsig... esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::write_readv(unsigned char, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, unsigned char*, unsigned int)	380 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::recover_()	363 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::setup()	307 bytes
esphome::(anonymous namespace)::store_component_error_message(esphome::Component const*, char con... esphome::(anonymous namespace)::store_component_error_message(esphome::Component const*, char const*, bool)	252 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::dump_config()	221 bytes
esphome::i2c::ArduinoI2CBus::dump_config()	221 bytes
esphome::apds9930::APDS9930::calculate_lux_(unsigned short, unsigned short)	219 bytes
std::pair<unsigned char, bool>& std::vector<std::pair<unsigned char, bool>, std::allocator<std::p... std::pair<unsigned char, bool>& std::vector<std::pair<unsigned char, bool>, std::allocator<std::pair<unsigned char, bool> > >::emplace_back<unsigned char&, bool>(unsigned char&, bool&&) [$isra$0]	200 bytes
Twi::readFrom(unsigned char, unsigned char*, unsigned int, unsigned char)	193 bytes
esphome::sensor::log_sensor(char const*, char const*, char const*, esphome::sensor::Sensor*)	179 bytes
esphome::format_hex_internal(char*, unsigned int, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, char, char)... esphome::format_hex_internal(char*, unsigned int, unsigned char const*, unsigned int, char, char) [$part$0]	174 bytes
twi	172 bytes
169 more new symbols...	Total: 12,386 bytes

Removed Symbols (top 15)

Symbol	Size
_vfiprintf_r	899 bytes
__pinMode	711 bytes
wifi_fpm_close	133 bytes
wifi_fpm_open	127 bytes
_vsnprintf_r	112 bytes
esp_delay	91 bytes
sprintf	89 bytes
_siprintf_r	82 bytes
wifi_fpm_do_wakeup	73 bytes
vprintf	63 bytes
__preloop_update_frequency	38 bytes
vsnprintf	32 bytes
vfiprintf	26 bytes
system_soft_wdt_feed	22 bytes
__loop_end	19 bytes
5 more removed symbols...	Total: 2,538 bytes

---

Note: This analysis measures static RAM and Flash usage only (compile-time allocation).
Dynamic memory (heap) cannot be measured automatically.
⚠️ You must test this PR on a real device to measure free heap and ensure no runtime memory issues.

This analysis runs automatically when components change. Memory usage is measured from a representative test configuration.

[iyesin]

I tested this code on the real hardware. The only problem I found is with the proximity sensor: its feedback is kinda chaotic and all 3 (!!!) sensors I posses, showing me different values.

[iyesin]

Is there anybody here to review this PR?

[iyesin]

Hello? Anybody?