nsvb

A C++ implementation of National Scale Volume and Biomass estimators (NSVB)

Introduction

The National Scale Volume and Biomass Estimators¹ (NSVB) were implemented in R² by Virginia Tech. The performance of the code is hampered by the interpretive nature of R. To provide a higher performance API the Virginia Tech code is implemented in C++23.

Biomass Components Estimated

The dry weight in pounds is estimated for the following tree components:

• Wood
• Bark
• Branches
• Foliage
• Total

Additionally, above ground biomass (AGB) is computed.

Additional Estimators

Functions are included to compute total cubic foot volume inside and outside bark using the NSVB system.

Application Programming Interface

The following functions are exposed:

• biomass_components(): Computes biomass components in pounds given:
  • FIA numeric species code (fia_spp),
  • FIA ecological division³ (division),
  • total inside bark volume of tree (top and stump) (vtotib),
  • diameter at breast height (dbh) in inches, and
  • total height (tht) in feet.
• compute_green_tons(): Compute green tons outside bark of a log given:
  • fia_spp,
  • total outside bark volume of merchantable stem (cubic feet) (cfvolob),
  • total outside bark volume of merchantable stem (cubic feet) (cfvolib).
• compute_volib(): Computes total cubic volume inside bark (vtotib) (cubic feet) given:
  • fia_spp,
  • division,
  • dbh,
  • tht.
• compute_volob(): Computes total cubic volume outside bark (vtotob) (cubic feet) given:
  • fia_spp,
  • division,
  • dbh,
  • tht.

biomass_components returns a BIOMASS_COMP structure defined in nsvb.hpp.

If an fia_spp is not found, the system uses 999 (other or unknown live tree).

Compilation

A simple program is available to test your compilation. It accepts fia_spp, dbh, tht, and optionally division on the command line. The makefile compiles and optionally executes the test program. A successful compilation following by running test should result in:

species = 202, division = M240, dbh = 10, height = 60
Total Volume Inside Bark (cubic feet) = 12.22
Total Volume Outside Bark (cubic feet) = 15.83
Green Lbs = 652.2
Biomass
        AGB     =       518.6
        Bark    =       56.4
        Branch  =       94.35
        foliage =       40.21
        wood    =       327.7
        total   =       478.4

R Package

A R package accessing the NSVB API is located in ./nsvbR and the most recent Windows Binary and tarballs are in the root directory of this repository. Rcpp is required to install and run the package.

The package provides the following R equivalents to the C++ functions:

• biomass_components()
• green_tons()
• volib()
• volob()

Notes

1. The NSVB makes a direct estimate of total biomass. A separate estimate of total biomass is computed as a sum of the biomass components of the tree. The component estimates are rebalanced to scale to the direct estimate.
2. Green tons are estimated using specific gravity and moisture content values from Miles and Smith (2009)⁴.

Footnotes

1. Westfall , James A.; Coulston, John W.; Gray, Andrew N.; Shaw, John D.; Radtke, Philip J.; Walker, David M.; Weiskittel, Aaron R.; MacFarlane, David W.; Affleck, David L.R.; Zhao, Dehai; Temesgen, Hailemariam; Poudel, Krishna P.; Frank, Jereme M.; Prisley, Stephen P.; Wang, Yingfang; Sánchez Meador, Andrew J.; Auty, David; Domke, Grant M. 2024. A national-scale tree volume, biomass, and carbon modeling system for the United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-104. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 37 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/WO-GTR-104. ↩

2. R Core Team (2024). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/ ↩

3. Ecological divisions specifically recognized are: 130, 210, 220, 230, 240, 260, 340, M210, M220, M230, M240, M260, M310, M330. ↩

4. Miles, Patrick D.; Smith, W. Brad. 2009. Specific gravity and other properties of wood and bark for 156 tree species found in North America. Res. Note NRS-38. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 35 p. https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RN-38. ↩