The term "Balkanisation" or "Balkanization" is regularly used in the context of fragmentation, particularly Internet fragmentation, to indicate the whole splitting up into multiple parts with barriers in-between those parts. In most cases "fragmentation" is a suitable replacement.
The case for not using the word is that it's associating a bad thing (unwanted fragmentation) with a specific region of the world, which is insulting.
The term "Balkanisation" or "Balkanization" is regularly used in the context of fragmentation, particularly Internet fragmentation, to indicate the whole splitting up into multiple parts with barriers in-between those parts. In most cases "fragmentation" is a suitable replacement.
The case for not using the word is that it's associating a bad thing (unwanted fragmentation) with a specific region of the world, which is insulting.