docs(006): strictness and side-effects design note - #68
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Design note for epic 006 covering: - Canonical vocabulary (strict/lazy/pure/effectful/action/thunk/boundary/slot mode) - 15-classifier taxonomy of current and aspirational constructs - Language-surface vs runtime-internal boundary table - 4 ADR-needed decisions (effect type shape, strict/lazy default, do-block ordering, set and effect classification) - Recommended effect control strategy (surface syntax + type inference) - Enabled follow-up epics (007, 008, 009) with dependency mapping Also: mark epic 006 spec Active, mark epic 005 Shipped in execution queue. Co-authored-by: OpenCode <opencode@opencode.ai>
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Included review availability: Your plan provides up to 1 included review per hour; 0 remain after this review. 📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughThe PR adds the strictness-and-effects design note, marks Epic 006 active, and updates the execution queue with design-note and ADR acceptance gates for dependent epics. ChangesStrictness and effects spike
Estimated code review effort: 2 (Simple) | ~10 minutes Suggested reviewers: Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to This PR changes language design documentation and planning gates only; it does not alter runtime behavior or production data, so no actionable merge-blocking risk remains. 🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5✅ Passed checks (5 passed)
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Reviewer's GuideThis documentation-only PR activates Epic 006 and introduces a comprehensive design note for strict/lazy evaluation, purity and effect classification, action execution boundaries, runtime responsibilities, unresolved ADR decisions, and follow-up epic dependencies. File-Level Changes
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Hey - I've found 3 issues
Prompt for AI Agents
Please address the comments from this code review:
## Individual Comments
### Comment 1
<location path="specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md" line_range="155" />
<code_context>
+
+The recommended approach:
+
+1. **Surface keywords** (`lazy`, `strict`, `run`, `do`) control the most common cases.
+2. **Type inference** determines purity from return types (no `^action` = pure).
+3. **Runtime enforcement** ensures effects only run in effect boundaries.
+4. **Annotations** provide optional hints for tooling and diagnostics.
+
</code_context>
<issue_to_address>
**issue (bug_risk):** The recommended inference rule treats every form whose return type lacks `^action` as pure, but the taxonomy explicitly classifies `set` and graph `let` as mutation effects even though neither is described as returning an action. A type checker following the recommendation therefore classifies forms that perform binding mutations as pure.
**Triggers:** When effect inference relies on the stated `no ^action = pure` rule.
**Suggested fix:** Track mutation effects separately from the action return type, or change the recommendation to require both an effect-free inferred body and a non-`^action` return type.
```suggestion
2. **Type inference** determines purity from an effect-free inferred body and a non-`^action` return type.
```
</issue_to_address>
### Comment 2
<location path="specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md" line_range="46" />
<code_context>
+| `do ... end` | strict, sequential | effectful block | executes actions in source order | Failing action short-circuits rest. |
+| `then` | strict, sequential | effectful chain | passes value forward | `action1 then action2`. |
+| `%deref <expr>` (`*expr`) | strict | pure | none | Forces a thunk or dereferences a ref. |
+| Shell executable call | strict | effectful | process IO | `(vim start)` — form not found, falls through to executable. |
+| Graph transaction (`tx.begin/commit`) | strict | effectful | multi-binding mutation | Atomic cross-engine commit. |
+| Macro expansion | — | pure (compile-time) | none | Operates on syntax objects. No runtime side effects. |
</code_context>
<issue_to_address>
**issue (broader_impact):** The shell-call exception executes process IO during ordinary expression evaluation, bypassing the note's rule that effects run only in effect boundaries. This also allows an immediate shell call to produce an effect without passing through `run`, `do`, or another enforced boundary.
**Triggers:** When an unknown form head resolves to an executable in shell mode.
**Suggested fix:** Either require shell execution to be represented as and run through an action boundary, or explicitly exempt shell execution from the no-implicit-effects invariant and its type/effect checking.
```suggestion
| Shell executable call | strict | effectful | process IO | `(vim start)` — form not found, falls through to executable; explicitly exempt from the no-implicit-effects invariant and type/effect checking. |
```
</issue_to_address>
### Comment 3
<location path="specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md" line_range="180" />
<code_context>
+| `` `[ a ~:b _:c d ] `` (syntax-quote) | — | pure (compile-time) | none | Yes — macro template, no runtime effect. |
+| `map %{ a->1, b->2 }` | strict | pure | none | Yes — literal constructor, pure per contract. |
+
+All 15 examples classified consistently with no contradictions.
+
+## 7. Enabled Follow-Up Epics
</code_context>
<issue_to_address>
**nitpick:** The note claims that all 15 examples are classified, but the verification table contains 14 example rows, while the taxonomy tables contain 18 constructs in total. The stated taxonomy/example count is therefore false and gives readers an incorrect completeness signal.
**Suggested fix:** Correct the count or add/remove rows so the claimed number matches the document.
```suggestion
All 14 examples classified consistently with no contradictions.
```
</issue_to_address>Sourcery assessment
Approval pending. 2 findings to address first.
Blocking findings: specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md:155, specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md:46
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All reported issues were addressed across 3 files
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Four review findings from sourcery-ai + cubic-dev-ai, all valid: - Purity inference rule (§5 point 2) said "no ^action = pure", which misclassifies `set` and graph `let` (mutation effects that return no action) as pure. Now requires both an effect-free body and a non-^action return type — consistent with §3's existing wording. - Shell executable calls (§5, §2, §6) were asserted to "execute immediately" as a settled pragmatic choice, contradicting LANGUAGE.md's "no implicit side-effect execution during ordinary expression evaluation" constraint. Reframed as an open tension and added ADR 4.5 (shell-mode calls vs the effect boundary); Epic 007 deps updated. - §4.3 attributed a quote to a non-existent SOURCE.md; it's LANGUAGE.md (Design constraints + the `do` source-order rule). - §6 claimed "All 15 examples" over a 14-row table. Added a `set` example (covering the mutation-effect case above) and dropped the brittle count. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012SbjL7643FUSoVuwCGtkJv
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Actionable comments posted: 7
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Inline comments:
In `@specs/006-strictness-effects-spike/design-note.md`:
- Line 31: Update the Newline / `;` row in the strictness table to distinguish
the two cases: newline and semicolon are pure for ordinary expressions, while
`;` may execute action-typed expressions at an effect boundary. Preserve the
existing classification for newline.
- Line 46: Update the “Shell executable call” classification in the design note
to align with ADR 4.5: distinguish pure action construction from effectful
execution, or explicitly mark the effect classification as provisional until ADR
4.5 is resolved.
- Line 56: Update the description of run to avoid claiming it is the only way to
execute an action value; use wording consistent with do and then as effect
boundaries, or explicitly describe do and then as syntax delegating to run.
- Around line 40-41: Clarify the forcing semantics for effectful thunk bodies in
the lazy and strict entries: specify whether lazy rejects non-pure expressions,
records their effects in thunk metadata, or requires strict forcing within an
appropriate effect boundary. Update the purity and effect classifications so
they accurately reflect the chosen behavior for expressions such as lazy (set :x
to 5).
- Line 27: Update the table entry for let :x be <expr> to explicitly
identify it as lexical let, and clarify that its pure classification applies
only to lexical bindings; preserve the separate effectful classification for
Graph let forms that commit graph state.
- Around line 195-197: Update the Epic 007 and Epic 008 start criteria in the
execution queue to include ADRs 4.1, 4.2, and 4.5 for Epic 007, and ADR 4.4 for
Epic 008, or revise the shared “accepted” definition so it explicitly covers
these named ADRs before implementation begins.
In `@specs/execution-queue.md`:
- Line 46: Update Epic 006’s done criteria in the execution queue specification
to require acceptance of its design note before completion. Preserve its Active
status until that acceptance gate is satisfied, reflecting Epic 008’s
dependency.
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Seven CodeRabbit threads on PR #68, all valid clarifications: design-note.md §2: - `let` row split: pure applies to *lexical* `let`; a `let` targeting a mutable engine (graph `let ^bool …`) commits engine state and is effectful. - Newline / `;` row split: newline is always pure; `;` is pure for ordinary expressions but is an effect boundary when it sequences `^action`-typed expressions (per LANGUAGE.md). - `lazy` row: pure only iff the thunk body is pure; laziness is not an effect scheduler (LANGUAGE.md). The reject/metadata/defer choice for an effectful body is deferred to ADR 4.1. - `strict` / forcing: forcing never executes hidden effects — a forced `^action` still needs `run`/`do`. - `run` / §3: dropped "the only way to execute an action" — `do` and `then` are also effect boundaries; `run` is the primitive they build on. - Shell-call row: purity/effect split marked provisional pending ADR 4.5 (build = pure, run = effectful). execution-queue.md: - Epic 007 start criteria now name ADRs 4.1/4.2/4.3/4.5 as blockers; Epic 008 names 4.4; Epic 009 names 4.2/4.4 — matching the design note §4 "Blocks:" lines, which the queue previously didn't reflect. - Epic 006 done criteria now include design-note acceptance (PR merged) as the explicit gate 007/008 depend on; status stays Active until then. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012SbjL7643FUSoVuwCGtkJv
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Summary by Sourcery
Establish the active Epic 006 design for strictness and side-effect semantics and define the decisions required before implementing dependent language features.
Enhancements:
Documentation:
Summary by cubic
Adds the strictness and side-effects design note for epic 006, establishing the language-surface vs runtime-internal boundary and the recommended effect-control strategy (surface syntax + inferred purity + runtime enforcement). Also marks the epic 006 spec active and updates the execution queue with the ADR dependencies for epics 007–009.
The design note classifies current and aspirational constructs and documents the five decisions needing ADRs (4.1–4.5).
^actionreturn type, sincesetand graphletmutate without returning an action.letstays pure,;is an effect boundary for action sequencing,lazypurity depends on the thunk body, andrunis the primitive thedo/thenboundaries build on.Written for commit e2920ae. Summary will update on new commits.
Summary by CodeRabbit