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A Python simulation model demonstrating the bullwhip effect in a multi-tier supply chain, where fluctuations in customer demand amplify up the chain, impacting costs and inventory levels
This model captures how decision-making delays, shipment release limits, and demand noise interact to intensify order variability and destabilize material planning. Stock balance, forecast updating, and replenishment equations enable realistic simulation of operational dynamics including capacity constraints, service failure, and backlog risks.
Four LangGraph agents run a supply chain blind to real demand — reproducing the bullwhip effect at 3,348× amplification, gone at 1.0× with shared visibility.