Quality sweep: tighten ssh argument handling and clear batched review findings - #7
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…reject invalid seal directions WriteMessage checks proto.Size against the limit and marshals straight into the output buffer (one allocation instead of two). readBody's last growth step is capped at the declared length instead of rounding up with append's growth policy. bodyErr delegates to headerErr, writeAll is renamed writeChecked, and seal.New panics on a direction other than the two defined ones. The seal golden tests share one row filter. Tests: TestWriteMessageAllocs, TestReadFrameGrowsExactly and TestNewInvalidDirection each failed on the old code.
…rop duplicated state writeRecover ends the Conn with ErrReplayExceeded when more packets were received than SequenceHeader's int32 sequence_number can state, instead of sending a wrapped negative count. Conn.limit duplicated ring.limit and is gone; the trim-and-room tail shared by writeLoop and recover is one releaseLocked; ring.since reuses appendRange. The fake server guards its conn with one AfterFunc on the link context, and the etcp tests share one contextDialer interface. Tests: TestWriteRecoverRefusesSequenceBeyondInt32 failed before the guard and again with the guard disabled; the race suite passes with -count=3.
…rors plainly, keep the Windows read buffer Unix and Windows Resizes share one resizeCheck, and the Unix control wrappers become one generic controlValue. Opening /dev/tty wraps ErrNotTerminal only for ENXIO and ENOENT; any other failure (EACCES, EMFILE) is returned as a plain error with its cause. chunkLen panics on a limit below 2 instead of looping or indexing out of range. Windows Read keeps its pending buffer's capacity across partial reads, and the console read count lives in a field so it no longer escapes to the heap. Tests: TestChunkLenRejectsSmallLimit, TestOpenReportsOtherOpenErrorsPlainly, TestReadReusesPendingBuffer (zero allocations per read), a console-free TestSizeReportsCells that tells the window from the buffer, and a synctest TestResizesWindows. The utf16 fuzzers now compare invalid input against unicode/utf16 too. Windows tests ran on a Windows 11 VM, and each new test was seen failing with its fix removed.
…d end ssh options with -- Destination and User may no longer contain shell metacharacters; the in-box Windows OpenSSH (9.5p2) predates the hostname and user checks OpenSSH 9.6 added, so this check is what guards those users. The user now goes to ssh as its own -l argument and the destination follows "--", so a user name holding '@' and an ssh:// destination with a user both work, and nothing after the destination is read as an ssh option (each measured with ssh -G against OpenSSH 10.0p2). The failure message names the signal that killed ssh instead of "status -1", says when output past the 1 MiB cap was dropped, and never splits a UTF-8 sequence in the quoted excerpt. A cancelled Run wraps both ctx.Err() and the cause. One byte-class helper replaces the two regexps. Tests: new validation, argv, signal, overflow, excerpt, cancellation and helper tests each failed before their fix; FuzzParseCredentials; a TestNewCommandInheritsStdinAndStderr pin; and a protocol test that encoding/json of a TerminalUserInfo never prints the passkey.
The metacharacter check added to the user rejected '$' and '\', which OpenSSH 10.0p2 accepts (measured with ssh -G: CORP\alice, host$ and a$b resolve) and which winbind DOMAIN\user logins and Samba machine accounts use; both worked before. The user now has its own set, the characters OpenSSH itself refuses, plus a trailing backslash, and each rejection says why. Destinations keep the full set. Tests: TestValidate spells the destination and user sets out separately, asserts the rejection reason, and adds the restored names; adding '$' back to the user set or dropping the trailing-backslash check turns rows red.
bootstrap runs ssh with the user as "-l <user>" and "--" before the destination, but the ssh -G query that resolves the TCP host still built user@host with no "--". The two ssh runs then described one destination in two shapes: a destination that bootstrap parses differently from user@host (measured: ssh -G bob@ssh://h1.example:2222 resolves the host name "ssh://h1.example:2222", while -l bob -- ssh://h1.example:2222 resolves h1.example) started etterminal and then dialled the wrong host. Tests: TestResolveHostPassesOptions pins the new argument list, including a user holding '@'; each row fails with the "--" removed.
The exact-growth change sized every new buffer to the step it needed, so a reader that passes its previous frame back as the buffer, as the etcp link reader does, reallocated for every frame larger than all before it (4000 growing frames cost 3994 allocations). A buffer that must grow now at least doubles its old capacity, capped at max(n, 64 KiB), so a body above 64 KiB read into a fresh buffer still ends at exactly its length. Tests: TestReadFrameReusedBufferGrowsGeometrically reads 4000 growing frames through one reused buffer and fails at 3994 allocations on the previous code; TestReadFrameGrowsExactly still holds.
Write passed the address of a local count to the write func value, which moves the local to the heap: one allocation per console write of remote output, the sibling of the Read escape fixed earlier on this branch. The count now lives in a writer-owned field, as Read's does. Tests: TestWriteSteadyStateAllocs (no console needed) failed on a Windows 11 VM with one allocation per Write before the change and passes after; go build -gcflags=-m no longer reports the count moved to heap.
…ries ErrReplayExceeded's doc now lists every way it is returned, including the int32 receive-count guard; the space channel's comment names ReplayLimit; writeRecover says why the peer side needs no guard across the whole range; resizeCheck's doc says when it really reports false. WriteMessage re-checks the marshaled length against the limit, not only the proto.Size estimate. Tests: a MaxInt32 receive count must still be sent (fails with the guard at >=); a direct table test of resizeCheck (fails when a transient size error ends the loop); TestRunCancel names the context error once (fails when both errors are always wrapped); TestWriteMessageAllocs checks the error it used to discard.
With the user now passed to ssh as -l, a destination such as ssh://bob@h1 was split at its last '@' into the user "ssh://bob" and the host h1, so ssh logged in as "ssh://bob"; before, the rejoined user@host happened to rebuild the URI. A URI's port also names sshd's port where et's host:port names etserver's. parseDestination now refuses any destination holding "://" with a usage error. Tests: TestParseArgsDestination rows for ssh://bob@h1 and bob@ssh://h1:2222 fail with the check removed, and a user holding '@' fails if the split moves to the first '@'.
The cancellation branch checked errors.Is(ctxErr, cause), the wrong way
round, so a cause that wraps the context error (cancel(fmt.Errorf("gave
up: %w", context.Canceled))) was reported as "context canceled: gave up:
context canceled". A cause that is or wraps the context error is now
reported alone; any other cause is wrapped together with ctx.Err() as
before.
Tests: TestRunCancelCauseWrapsCtxErr fails on the previous check with
the context error named twice.
…y message refusal Three checks this branch relies on had no test that could fail: the ENXIO case of opening /dev/tty (now a small noTerminalToOpen helper with a table test, since a test process with a controlling terminal cannot reach it), ring.since returning a copy that survives trim, and WriteMessage refusing an oversized message before it allocates the output buffer (a TotalAlloc delta in the one-over case). Each fails with its line removed. ErrReplayExceeded's text now reads "etcp: session cannot be resumed", which fits every way it is returned. Comments that said ssh substitutes the host and user into a ProxyCommand or Match exec now cite the measurement, and two test comments claim only what their tests check.
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WalkthroughThis pull request updates SSH bootstrap argument handling and error reporting, console behavior, ETCP recovery and buffering, and wire framing. It also changes test-server context handling and adds protocol redaction and seal direction checks. ChangesSSH bootstrap
Console behavior
ETCP connection and recovery
Wire framing and buffering
Test server connection lifecycle
Protocol JSON redaction test
Seal direction validation
Priority: ➖ Normal Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~50 minutes Change: Bug fix Merge Risk: 🔵 Low · up to Connections using an unquoted username token in SSH configuration may fail or use a changed username. Address that configuration compatibility before merging, or accept the bounded risk. 🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
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🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
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- 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
In `@internal/bootstrap/command.go`:
- Around line 45-46: Update the username validation associated with userMeta in
the bootstrap command flow so usernames containing `$` or backslash are rejected
only when the effective SSH configuration uses unquoted `%r`; preserve support
for Windows-domain usernames otherwise. Alternatively, enforce compatible
quoting for `%r` in supported ProxyCommand and Match exec configurations. Do not
reject backslash globally.
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📒 Files selected for processing (44)
cmd/et/flags.gocmd/et/flags_test.gocmd/et/resolve.gocmd/et/resolve_test.gointernal/bootstrap/bootstrap.gointernal/bootstrap/bootstrap_test.gointernal/bootstrap/bootstrap_unix_test.gointernal/bootstrap/command.gointernal/bootstrap/command_test.gointernal/bootstrap/parse.gointernal/bootstrap/parse_test.gointernal/bootstrap/signal_other.gointernal/bootstrap/signal_unix.gointernal/console/console.gointernal/console/console_linux_test.gointernal/console/console_test.gointernal/console/console_unix.gointernal/console/console_unix_test.gointernal/console/console_windows.gointernal/console/console_windows_test.gointernal/console/pty_linux_test.gointernal/console/utf16.gointernal/console/utf16_test.gointernal/etcp/backpressure_internal_test.gointernal/etcp/conn.gointernal/etcp/dialer.gointernal/etcp/helpers_test.gointernal/etcp/link.gointernal/etcp/outage_test.gointernal/etcp/recover.gointernal/etcp/recover_internal_test.gointernal/etcp/ring.gointernal/etcp/ring_test.gointernal/etcp/throttle_test.gointernal/etservertest/server.gointernal/protocol/redact_test.gointernal/seal/seal.gointernal/seal/seal_test.gointernal/wire/frame.gointernal/wire/frame_test.gointernal/wire/message.gointernal/wire/message_limit_test.gointernal/wire/message_test.gointernal/wire/wire.go
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Copilot review overview
🟡 Changes recommended
SSH destination validation still allows glob metacharacters that can alter shell-backed command targets.
Review effort: Lite
Findings: 1
Open (1)
What changed in this PR
This pull request hardens SSH handling and validation while refining wire, etcp, console, bootstrap, and related tests.
Changes:
- Uses safer SSH
-land--argument handling with validation. - Improves buffering, replay limits, diagnostics, and console behavior.
- Adds boundary, fuzz, allocation, and platform-specific tests.
| File | Description |
|---|---|
internal/wire/wire.go |
Improves body buffering. |
internal/wire/message.go |
Marshals messages directly into buffers. |
internal/wire/message_test.go |
Tests allocation behavior. |
internal/wire/message_limit_test.go |
Tests early size-limit refusal. |
internal/wire/frame.go |
Centralizes checked writes. |
internal/wire/frame_test.go |
Tests buffer growth. |
internal/seal/seal.go |
Rejects invalid directions. |
internal/seal/seal_test.go |
Tests direction validation. |
internal/protocol/redact_test.go |
Extends redaction coverage. |
internal/etservertest/server.go |
Improves context cancellation. |
internal/etcp/throttle_test.go |
Reuses the dialer interface. |
internal/etcp/ring.go |
Refines replay range handling. |
internal/etcp/ring_test.go |
Tests replay range copying. |
internal/etcp/recover.go |
Guards sequence overflow. |
internal/etcp/recover_internal_test.go |
Tests sequence boundaries. |
internal/etcp/outage_test.go |
Reuses the dialer interface. |
internal/etcp/link.go |
Shares replay release logic. |
internal/etcp/helpers_test.go |
Defines shared test helpers. |
internal/etcp/dialer.go |
Consolidates replay limits. |
internal/etcp/conn.go |
Uses the ring for replay limits. |
internal/etcp/backpressure_internal_test.go |
Updates replay-limit tests. |
internal/console/utf16.go |
Validates chunk limits. |
internal/console/utf16_test.go |
Expands UTF fuzz coverage. |
internal/console/pty_linux_test.go |
Updates PTY test helpers. |
internal/console/console.go |
Shares resize checking. |
internal/console/console_windows.go |
Reduces console allocations. |
internal/console/console_windows_test.go |
Tests Windows behavior and allocations. |
internal/console/console_unix.go |
Refines terminal error handling. |
internal/console/console_unix_test.go |
Tests terminal error classification. |
internal/console/console_test.go |
Tests resize behavior. |
internal/console/console_linux_test.go |
Tests Unix opening and resizing. |
internal/bootstrap/signal_unix.go |
Reports terminating signals. |
internal/bootstrap/signal_other.go |
Adds non-Unix signal fallback. |
internal/bootstrap/parse.go |
Adds parsing and validation helpers. |
internal/bootstrap/parse_test.go |
Adds parser fuzz and validation tests. |
internal/bootstrap/command.go |
Changes SSH arguments and validation. |
internal/bootstrap/command_test.go |
Tests SSH arguments and validation. |
internal/bootstrap/bootstrap.go |
Improves bootstrap diagnostics. |
internal/bootstrap/bootstrap_unix_test.go |
Tests signal-based failures. |
internal/bootstrap/bootstrap_test.go |
Tests bootstrap error behavior. |
cmd/et/resolve.go |
Aligns SSH host lookup arguments. |
cmd/et/resolve_test.go |
Tests host lookup arguments. |
cmd/et/flags.go |
Rejects SSH URI destinations. |
cmd/et/flags_test.go |
Tests destination parsing. |
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A destination such as host* passed validation, and a shell-backed ProxyCommand or Match exec that ssh substitutes it into (%h) would expand it against local file names. The destination set now also refuses * ? [ and ], which no host name contains; ssh keeps the brackets of a bracketed address in the host name (measured: ssh -G -- [::1] gives hostname [::1]), so an IPv6 destination is passed bare, as et already does. User names keep OpenSSH's own set. Tests: TestValidate rows for each glob character, seen failing with the character removed from the set; bare and zoned IPv6 destinations stay valid.
| const ( | ||
| shellMeta = "'`\"$\\;&<>|(){}*?[]" | ||
| userMeta = "'`\";&<>|(){}" |
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I'm keeping the user set as is; CodeRabbit raised the same point in the thread above. userMeta is exactly the set OpenSSH 9.6 and later refuse in a user name (measured on 10.0p2: CORP\alice, host$, a$b and a* resolve, the rest is refused), so on an older client, such as the in-box Windows 9.5p2, et gives the same protection a current ssh gives itself. It doesn't weaken it. Refusing $ and \ would break winbind DOMAIN\user logins and Samba machine accounts, which work with plain ssh and worked before this PR. The value is the local user's own login name going into their own ssh_config, so quoting %r in a ProxyCommand is that config's job, as it is for plain ssh.

Summary
A code-quality sweep before real-binary testing: it clears batched low-severity findings from the earlier phase reviews across wire, seal, etcp, console and bootstrap, and fixes what a gate review of the sweep itself turned up. Intended to be squash-merged; some intermediate commits are corrected by later ones.
Behaviour changes
-o<opt>... -l <user> -- <destination> <command>instead ofuser@destination, and cmd/et'sssh -Ghost lookup uses the same shape (-o... -l <user> -G -- <host>). A user name holding@now works, and nothing after the destination is read as an ssh option. Measured withssh -Gagainst OpenSSH 10.0p2 and the in-box Windows OpenSSH 9.5p2.$and\stay allowed in user names (winbindDOMAIN\user, Samba machine accounts), as OpenSSH allows them. This matters most on Windows, whose in-box OpenSSH 9.5p2 predates the checks OpenSSH 9.6 added (CVE-2023-51385).-l,ssh://bob@hostwould have been split into the userssh://bob, and a URI's port names sshd's port where et'shost:portnames etserver's.ctx.Err()and its cause. Opening/dev/ttyreportsErrNotTerminalonly for ENXIO and ENOENT, other failures as plain errors.ErrReplayExceedednow reads "etcp: session cannot be resumed".Internal
WriteMessagemarshals straight into the output buffer (one allocation instead of two) and checks the size limit before allocating;readBodygrows a reused buffer geometrically and ends a fresh large body at exactly its length.ReplayLimitfield instead of two, one shared trim-and-room helper,ring.sincebuilt onappendRange.controlValuefor the Unix fd helpers,chunkLenrejects a limit below 2, and the Windows console read and write counts no longer escape to the heap.Test plan
Every new test was seen failing with the production line it pins removed or mutated. New or changed tests cover the argv shape (
-l,--), destination and user validation both ways, the ssh:// refusal, the killing-signal and dropped-output messages, UTF-8-safe excerpts, context error wrapping, the int32 sequence boundary on both sides,resizeCheck, the ENXIO/ENOENT classification,ring.sincereturning a copy, the earlyWriteMessagerefusal, reused-buffer growth, and zero-allocation Windows reads and writes (run on a Windows 11 VM).FuzzParseCredentialsis new and the UTF-16 fuzzers now compare invalid input againstunicode/utf16.Verified locally:
go build,go vet(linux, windows, darwin, js/wasm, wasip1/wasm,-tags e2e),go test -race ./...,golangci-linton linux and windows, the ruleguard build,go fix -diff, and the e2e suite against a real etserver over ssh.Summary by CodeRabbit
@are handled correctly.