Document CSV timing output as the high-rank workaround (#134)

docs/advanced/parallel-computing.md

@@ -508,6 +508,26 @@ These operations require **ALL ranks** to participate:
 - [ ] Test with `mpirun -np 2` and `mpirun -np 4`
 - [ ] Check for deadlocks (script hangs = collective operation issue)
 
+## Timing Output at Extreme Scale
+
+`uw.timing.print_table()` ultimately calls PETSc's `PetscLogView`. At very
+high CPU counts (≳1000 ranks), the **ASCII output path** can hang —
+typically appearing as a job that completes its computation cleanly but
+never exits. The CSV write path uses a different, less collective-heavy
+strategy and avoids the issue:
+
+```python
+# Default — fine at small scale, can hang at ≳1000 ranks
+uw.timing.print_table()
+uw.timing.print_table("results.txt")
+
+# Safe at any scale — recommended for HPC runs
+uw.timing.print_table("results.csv")
+```
+
+The behaviour is in PETSc, not Underworld; choosing CSV at scale is the
+recommended workaround. (Issue #134.)
+
 ## Summary
 
 **Key Takeaways:**
@@ -517,5 +537,6 @@ These operations require **ALL ranks** to participate:
 3. **Use `with uw.selective_ranks(ranks):`** for serial operations
 4. **Collective operations must run on ALL ranks** - never inside rank conditionals
 5. **Test with `mpirun -np N`** to catch issues early
+6. **At ≳1000 ranks, write timing output as `.csv`** to avoid `PetscLogView` hangs
 
 The parallel safety system makes parallel programming in Underworld3 safer and more intuitive - collective operations are evaluated on all ranks automatically, preventing common deadlock scenarios!

src/underworld3/timing.py

@@ -150,20 +150,36 @@ def print_table(filename=None, format="auto"):
     ----------
     filename : str, optional
         If provided, write results to file. Extension determines format:
-        - `.csv` : Spreadsheet-compatible CSV format
-        - `.txt` or other : Human-readable ASCII table
+        - ``.csv`` : Spreadsheet-compatible CSV format
+        - ``.txt`` or other : Human-readable ASCII table
     format : str, optional
         Override automatic format detection:
-        - "auto" : Detect from filename (default)
-        - "ascii" : Human-readable table
-        - "csv" : Comma-separated values
+        - ``"auto"`` : Detect from filename (default)
+        - ``"ascii"`` : Human-readable table
+        - ``"csv"`` : Comma-separated values
 
     Example
     -------
     >>> uw.timing.start()
     >>> # ... do work ...
     >>> uw.timing.print_table()  # Print to console
     >>> uw.timing.print_table("results.csv")  # Save as CSV
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    **High-CPU-count usage (≳1000 ranks): prefer CSV output.**
+
+    Issue #134 (gthyagi, 2026-04-23): the underlying PETSc ``PetscLogView``
+    ASCII output path can hang at extreme rank counts on some clusters
+    (BD-integral routines + ASCII table emit appear to be the trigger),
+    while the CSV write path uses a different, less collective-heavy
+    strategy and avoids the issue. If your job is large enough that
+    timing-output cost matters, write to a ``.csv`` filename:
+
+    >>> uw.timing.print_table("results.csv")  # safe at any scale
+
+    The behaviour is in PETSc, not Underworld; choosing CSV at scale is
+    the recommended workaround.
     """
     print_petsc_log(filename=filename, format=format)